Elizabeth Popp Berman
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691147086
- eISBN:
- 9781400840472
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691147086.003.0004
- Subject:
- Education, Higher Education
This chapter examines the development of a new market-logic practice in academic science, namely faculty entrepreneurship in the biosciences. It begins by reviewing the origins of this practice, then ...
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This chapter examines the development of a new market-logic practice in academic science, namely faculty entrepreneurship in the biosciences. It begins by reviewing the origins of this practice, then tracks its early development as well as limits to its growth and spread. It then goes on to examine policy decisions that removed these limits and replaced them with incentives, and considers how political concern with the economic impact of innovation contributed to these decisions. The chapter concludes with a look at the subsequent takeoff of this practice, followed by a discussion of the conditions that appear to have been necessary for this takeoff to occur.Less
This chapter examines the development of a new market-logic practice in academic science, namely faculty entrepreneurship in the biosciences. It begins by reviewing the origins of this practice, then tracks its early development as well as limits to its growth and spread. It then goes on to examine policy decisions that removed these limits and replaced them with incentives, and considers how political concern with the economic impact of innovation contributed to these decisions. The chapter concludes with a look at the subsequent takeoff of this practice, followed by a discussion of the conditions that appear to have been necessary for this takeoff to occur.
Jeannette A. Colyvas and Spiro Maroulis
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691148670
- eISBN:
- 9781400845552
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691148670.003.0016
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
This chapter extends previous work analyzing the origins of academic entrepreneurship at Stanford with an agent-based model that simulates the rise and spread of patenting by research faculty, ...
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This chapter extends previous work analyzing the origins of academic entrepreneurship at Stanford with an agent-based model that simulates the rise and spread of patenting by research faculty, drawing on archival analysis of divergent approaches taken by different lab directors. In so doing, this chapter builds on the formal model of autocatalysis developed in Chapter 3, which enables this chapter to disentangle competing explanations. The results are quite surprising. Incentives or mimicry alone are less likely to account for academic embrace of patenting, whereas preemptive efforts to preserve scientific autonomy do play a large role. The pursuit of safeguards from commercial co-optation by other researchers has the transformative effect of making the emergence of proprietary science more likely.Less
This chapter extends previous work analyzing the origins of academic entrepreneurship at Stanford with an agent-based model that simulates the rise and spread of patenting by research faculty, drawing on archival analysis of divergent approaches taken by different lab directors. In so doing, this chapter builds on the formal model of autocatalysis developed in Chapter 3, which enables this chapter to disentangle competing explanations. The results are quite surprising. Incentives or mimicry alone are less likely to account for academic embrace of patenting, whereas preemptive efforts to preserve scientific autonomy do play a large role. The pursuit of safeguards from commercial co-optation by other researchers has the transformative effect of making the emergence of proprietary science more likely.
Nicola Baldini, Riccardo Fini, and Rosa Grimaldi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226178349
- eISBN:
- 9780226178486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226178486.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
This chapter considers recent changes in the Italian university systems, which were designed to stimulate academic entrepreneurship. Changes in the context of similar trends taking place in other ...
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This chapter considers recent changes in the Italian university systems, which were designed to stimulate academic entrepreneurship. Changes in the context of similar trends taking place in other European countries during the same period are described. The Italian case shows the on-going effort that national government and academic institutions have been devoting to enhance the successful commercialization of academic research. Specifically, the authors analyze differences in academic entrepreneurship generated by the 64 Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematical universities in Italy during the last decade. The authors also assess the impact of normative and structural support mechanisms on the universities' ability to engage with the market. Policy implications of these findings are also considered.Less
This chapter considers recent changes in the Italian university systems, which were designed to stimulate academic entrepreneurship. Changes in the context of similar trends taking place in other European countries during the same period are described. The Italian case shows the on-going effort that national government and academic institutions have been devoting to enhance the successful commercialization of academic research. Specifically, the authors analyze differences in academic entrepreneurship generated by the 64 Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematical universities in Italy during the last decade. The authors also assess the impact of normative and structural support mechanisms on the universities' ability to engage with the market. Policy implications of these findings are also considered.
Albert N. Link, Donald S. Siegel, and Mike Wright (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226178349
- eISBN:
- 9780226178486
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226178486.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
This Handbook is the definitive source of major academic research on university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship, featuring chapters from the leading scholars in this field. Given ...
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This Handbook is the definitive source of major academic research on university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship, featuring chapters from the leading scholars in this field. Given that the literature on university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship is highly interdisciplinary, another important aspect of this Handbook is that our contributors represent a variety of social sciences (e.g., economics, sociology, psychology, and political science), fields in business administration (e.g., strategy, organizational behavior, entrepreneurship, marketing, and finance), and other professional programs and areas of study (e.g., law, public administration, and engineering). Since university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship is a global phenomenon, the Handbook also includes a substantial amount of international evidence, which reflects a variety of national perspectives on this topic.Less
This Handbook is the definitive source of major academic research on university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship, featuring chapters from the leading scholars in this field. Given that the literature on university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship is highly interdisciplinary, another important aspect of this Handbook is that our contributors represent a variety of social sciences (e.g., economics, sociology, psychology, and political science), fields in business administration (e.g., strategy, organizational behavior, entrepreneurship, marketing, and finance), and other professional programs and areas of study (e.g., law, public administration, and engineering). Since university technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship is a global phenomenon, the Handbook also includes a substantial amount of international evidence, which reflects a variety of national perspectives on this topic.
