Jessica F. Green
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157580
- eISBN:
- 9781400848669
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157580.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book examines how the global environment is regulated and, in particular, the diversity of actors involved in addressing the problem of climate change. It considers the role of private actors, ...
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This book examines how the global environment is regulated and, in particular, the diversity of actors involved in addressing the problem of climate change. It considers the role of private actors, such as nongovernmental organizations and transnational networks, in global environmental politics. It shows that private actors are increasingly assuming duties normally associated with governments. They are taking on the role of regulators, as they create, implement, and enforce rules to manage global environmental problems. The book asks when and why private actors perform these regulatory roles. It cites three examples to demonstrate the diversity of private authority and the ways in which nonstate actors are serving as rule makers: the first deals with Walmart, the second is about the ruffed lemur, and the third relates to the Kyoto Protocol. The book distinguishes between two different types of private authority: delegated authority and entrepreneurial authority.Less
This book examines how the global environment is regulated and, in particular, the diversity of actors involved in addressing the problem of climate change. It considers the role of private actors, such as nongovernmental organizations and transnational networks, in global environmental politics. It shows that private actors are increasingly assuming duties normally associated with governments. They are taking on the role of regulators, as they create, implement, and enforce rules to manage global environmental problems. The book asks when and why private actors perform these regulatory roles. It cites three examples to demonstrate the diversity of private authority and the ways in which nonstate actors are serving as rule makers: the first deals with Walmart, the second is about the ruffed lemur, and the third relates to the Kyoto Protocol. The book distinguishes between two different types of private authority: delegated authority and entrepreneurial authority.
Carolina Bank Muñoz
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501712883
- eISBN:
- 9781501714771
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501712883.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
Building Power from Below analyzes the success of Walmart workers in Chile. Retail and warehouse workers have achieved the seemingly unachievable. They have organized Walmart. How do we explain ...
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Building Power from Below analyzes the success of Walmart workers in Chile. Retail and warehouse workers have achieved the seemingly unachievable. They have organized Walmart. How do we explain workers’ success in Chile, the cradle of neoliberalism, in challenging the world’s largest and most antiunion corporation? Chilean workers have spent years building grass roots organizations committed to principles of union democracy. While both retail and warehouse workers have successful unions, they have built different organizations due to their industry, workforce, and political histories. The independent retail worker unions are best characterized by what I call flexible militancy. These unions have less structural power, but have significant associational and symbolic power. While they have made notable bread and butter gains, their most notable successes have been in fighting for respect and dignity on the job. Warehouse workers by contrast have significant structural power. Their unions are best characterized by what I call strategic democracy. Their structural power has offered them the opportunity to “map production” and build strategic capacity. They have been especially successful in economic gains. While the model in Chile cannot necessarily be reproduced in different countries, we can certainly gain insights from their approaches, tactics, and strategies.Less
Building Power from Below analyzes the success of Walmart workers in Chile. Retail and warehouse workers have achieved the seemingly unachievable. They have organized Walmart. How do we explain workers’ success in Chile, the cradle of neoliberalism, in challenging the world’s largest and most antiunion corporation? Chilean workers have spent years building grass roots organizations committed to principles of union democracy. While both retail and warehouse workers have successful unions, they have built different organizations due to their industry, workforce, and political histories. The independent retail worker unions are best characterized by what I call flexible militancy. These unions have less structural power, but have significant associational and symbolic power. While they have made notable bread and butter gains, their most notable successes have been in fighting for respect and dignity on the job. Warehouse workers by contrast have significant structural power. Their unions are best characterized by what I call strategic democracy. Their structural power has offered them the opportunity to “map production” and build strategic capacity. They have been especially successful in economic gains. While the model in Chile cannot necessarily be reproduced in different countries, we can certainly gain insights from their approaches, tactics, and strategies.
Yossi Sheffi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029797
- eISBN:
- 9780262330626
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029797.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
Whereas the first five chapters talk primarily of companies’ reactions to disruptions, Chapter 6 begins the discussions of more proactive preparations. These preparations include the fundamental ...
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Whereas the first five chapters talk primarily of companies’ reactions to disruptions, Chapter 6 begins the discussions of more proactive preparations. These preparations include the fundamental steps of creating redundancy and building flexibility. Yet the maturation of risk management has also led companies to prepare other kinds of specialized risk-management assets in the form of business continuity plans, emergency operations centers, and formalized processes for managing disruptions.Less
Whereas the first five chapters talk primarily of companies’ reactions to disruptions, Chapter 6 begins the discussions of more proactive preparations. These preparations include the fundamental steps of creating redundancy and building flexibility. Yet the maturation of risk management has also led companies to prepare other kinds of specialized risk-management assets in the form of business continuity plans, emergency operations centers, and formalized processes for managing disruptions.
Jesse LeCavalier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816693313
- eISBN:
- 9781452955360
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816693313.001.0001
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
The Rule of Logistics examines how Walmart, the largest company on the planet, depends its success on its vast networks of buildings and the logistical systems that connect them. For Walmart, ...
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The Rule of Logistics examines how Walmart, the largest company on the planet, depends its success on its vast networks of buildings and the logistical systems that connect them. For Walmart, logistics dictates the design of the retailer's buildings, governs their deployment, and conditions the workers who operate them. By tracking Walmart's spatial operations, this book shows how the company's logistical obsessions have implications at all scales: from undermining the stability of architecture while investing it with political capacity; to challenging the inalienable features of locations by focusing on the aspects that connect rather than distinguish them; to blurring the threshold between man and machine in order create new possibilites for inhabitation. By doing so, the book identifies opportunities based on the features of logistics itself and argues that these concepts—including prototypes, loose forms, fungible locations, ambiguous borders, and recombinant territories—can help us think differently as we confront some of the contemporary challenges facing architecture and the city.Less
The Rule of Logistics examines how Walmart, the largest company on the planet, depends its success on its vast networks of buildings and the logistical systems that connect them. For Walmart, logistics dictates the design of the retailer's buildings, governs their deployment, and conditions the workers who operate them. By tracking Walmart's spatial operations, this book shows how the company's logistical obsessions have implications at all scales: from undermining the stability of architecture while investing it with political capacity; to challenging the inalienable features of locations by focusing on the aspects that connect rather than distinguish them; to blurring the threshold between man and machine in order create new possibilites for inhabitation. By doing so, the book identifies opportunities based on the features of logistics itself and argues that these concepts—including prototypes, loose forms, fungible locations, ambiguous borders, and recombinant territories—can help us think differently as we confront some of the contemporary challenges facing architecture and the city.
John Weber
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625232
- eISBN:
- 9781469625256
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625232.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the continued importance of this form of labor relations in the years since the 1960s, as South Texas has continued to serve as a model for employers elsewhere eager to avail ...
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This chapter examines the continued importance of this form of labor relations in the years since the 1960s, as South Texas has continued to serve as a model for employers elsewhere eager to avail themselves of poorly-paid workers who lack the ability to claim the basic rights of citizenship. The lessons learned in the fields of South Texas, in other words, were not only borrowed by agricultural employers. Instead, employers have increasingly sought to use the model of farmworker treatment and apply it to workers far removed from the fields. Industrial and service employers continue to try and emulate the enforced powerlessness of agricultural workers, even if they no longer consciously point to South Texas as their explicit model. The Epilogue examines the continued resonance and importance of this model of labor relations as it has moved beyond the agricultural realm and into service and industrial employment.Less
This chapter examines the continued importance of this form of labor relations in the years since the 1960s, as South Texas has continued to serve as a model for employers elsewhere eager to avail themselves of poorly-paid workers who lack the ability to claim the basic rights of citizenship. The lessons learned in the fields of South Texas, in other words, were not only borrowed by agricultural employers. Instead, employers have increasingly sought to use the model of farmworker treatment and apply it to workers far removed from the fields. Industrial and service employers continue to try and emulate the enforced powerlessness of agricultural workers, even if they no longer consciously point to South Texas as their explicit model. The Epilogue examines the continued resonance and importance of this model of labor relations as it has moved beyond the agricultural realm and into service and industrial employment.
Robert H. Zieger
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037950
- eISBN:
- 9780813043111
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037950.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Political, economic, and demographic changes have transformed the South in the period since 1950, especially over the past thirty years. Deindustrialization, the rise of the service sector, ...
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Political, economic, and demographic changes have transformed the South in the period since 1950, especially over the past thirty years. Deindustrialization, the rise of the service sector, demographic changes, and southern-led innovations in the conduct of labor relations have combined to reinforce the South's traditional resistance to organized labor and to create widely emulated patterns of industrial relations.Less
Political, economic, and demographic changes have transformed the South in the period since 1950, especially over the past thirty years. Deindustrialization, the rise of the service sector, demographic changes, and southern-led innovations in the conduct of labor relations have combined to reinforce the South's traditional resistance to organized labor and to create widely emulated patterns of industrial relations.
Shane Hamilton
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780300232691
- eISBN:
- 9780300240849
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300232691.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter discusses how U.S. transnational agribusiness corporations demonstrated U.S. farm and food power to the world from the 1960s into the 1980s. In earlier decades of the Farms Race, U.S. ...
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This chapter discusses how U.S. transnational agribusiness corporations demonstrated U.S. farm and food power to the world from the 1960s into the 1980s. In earlier decades of the Farms Race, U.S. farmers were called upon to feed the hungry world as a counter-revolutionary project with a humanitarian veneer. By the late 1970s, politicians and businessmen were increasingly declaring their intent to rewrite the rules of global food production and trade on entirely profit-driven terms. Building on Cold War-inspired modernization and development projects initiated in the 1940s–1960s, U.S.-based transnational agribusinesses in the 1970s–1990s—including the International Basic Economy Corporation (IBEC), the former linseed-oil manufacturer turned global commodities giant Archer Daniels Midland, and the Ozarks-based retail chain Walmart—constructed a world in which private corporations, including supermarkets, emerged as the primary institutional mechanisms for regulating and coordinating global food chains.Less
This chapter discusses how U.S. transnational agribusiness corporations demonstrated U.S. farm and food power to the world from the 1960s into the 1980s. In earlier decades of the Farms Race, U.S. farmers were called upon to feed the hungry world as a counter-revolutionary project with a humanitarian veneer. By the late 1970s, politicians and businessmen were increasingly declaring their intent to rewrite the rules of global food production and trade on entirely profit-driven terms. Building on Cold War-inspired modernization and development projects initiated in the 1940s–1960s, U.S.-based transnational agribusinesses in the 1970s–1990s—including the International Basic Economy Corporation (IBEC), the former linseed-oil manufacturer turned global commodities giant Archer Daniels Midland, and the Ozarks-based retail chain Walmart—constructed a world in which private corporations, including supermarkets, emerged as the primary institutional mechanisms for regulating and coordinating global food chains.
Shane Hamilton
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780300232691
- eISBN:
- 9780300240849
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300232691.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The epilogue centers on the question of how the contemporary world of global agribusiness differs, but also builds upon, the structures of the Cold War Farms Race. A brief discussion of Walmart’s ...
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The epilogue centers on the question of how the contemporary world of global agribusiness differs, but also builds upon, the structures of the Cold War Farms Race. A brief discussion of Walmart’s entry into India opens the epilogue, offering an examination of how agricultural development as pursued by multinational corporations has been framed as an apolitical exercise. Yet as a brief discussion of Venezuela’s current food crisis demonstrates, the power exercised in food supply chains means that no such action can be apolitical. A discussion of supermarkets’ penetration into Eastern Europe after the end of the Cold War furthermore highlights the ongoing contestation over what counts as “free enterprise” in the global supermarket-driven food economy. Finally the epilogue offers a few words on the paucity of contemporary food politics discourse and the problem of assuming consumer sovereignty.Less
The epilogue centers on the question of how the contemporary world of global agribusiness differs, but also builds upon, the structures of the Cold War Farms Race. A brief discussion of Walmart’s entry into India opens the epilogue, offering an examination of how agricultural development as pursued by multinational corporations has been framed as an apolitical exercise. Yet as a brief discussion of Venezuela’s current food crisis demonstrates, the power exercised in food supply chains means that no such action can be apolitical. A discussion of supermarkets’ penetration into Eastern Europe after the end of the Cold War furthermore highlights the ongoing contestation over what counts as “free enterprise” in the global supermarket-driven food economy. Finally the epilogue offers a few words on the paucity of contemporary food politics discourse and the problem of assuming consumer sovereignty.
Arthur J. Magida
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520245457
- eISBN:
- 9780520941717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520245457.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
Contemporary ritual practices have become of an existential nature—undefined, unchallenged, and unappraised—and the objectivity of those initiated reflects little of their confirmed status. The only ...
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Contemporary ritual practices have become of an existential nature—undefined, unchallenged, and unappraised—and the objectivity of those initiated reflects little of their confirmed status. The only remnants, and sadly so, are the memories of the ritual. This chapter delves into the ways in which rituals are steadily losing their intrinsic value and becoming an instrument of namesake induction into a hallowed circle of martyrs. While it does not tread the usual route of advocating a surge in the qualifying age for each induction rituals, it infers that the milieu of a child's development and the overarching influences on his/her personality should lead by example, a life that reflects the validity of the commitments rendered at the time of initiation. The Walmart-ization of the church refers to the nihilism that has crept into ritual practices, rendering it as a mere pause rather than a landmark along the journey.Less
Contemporary ritual practices have become of an existential nature—undefined, unchallenged, and unappraised—and the objectivity of those initiated reflects little of their confirmed status. The only remnants, and sadly so, are the memories of the ritual. This chapter delves into the ways in which rituals are steadily losing their intrinsic value and becoming an instrument of namesake induction into a hallowed circle of martyrs. While it does not tread the usual route of advocating a surge in the qualifying age for each induction rituals, it infers that the milieu of a child's development and the overarching influences on his/her personality should lead by example, a life that reflects the validity of the commitments rendered at the time of initiation. The Walmart-ization of the church refers to the nihilism that has crept into ritual practices, rendering it as a mere pause rather than a landmark along the journey.
Carolina Bank Muñoz
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501712883
- eISBN:
- 9781501714771
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501712883.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
Chapter 6 argues that Walmart is in fact organizable and that the Chilean case study gives us some insights as to how to organize the transnational giant. Despite neoliberal policies, and weak labor ...
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Chapter 6 argues that Walmart is in fact organizable and that the Chilean case study gives us some insights as to how to organize the transnational giant. Despite neoliberal policies, and weak labor law, Chilean workers have been able to beat the odds to successfully win ‘bread and roses.’ The Chapter also addresses the global implications of the Chilean case, in particular, thinking through the challenges and opportunities for global solidarity. Walmart must be organized transnationally, but much care must be taken in how to approach workers and unions across the world.Less
Chapter 6 argues that Walmart is in fact organizable and that the Chilean case study gives us some insights as to how to organize the transnational giant. Despite neoliberal policies, and weak labor law, Chilean workers have been able to beat the odds to successfully win ‘bread and roses.’ The Chapter also addresses the global implications of the Chilean case, in particular, thinking through the challenges and opportunities for global solidarity. Walmart must be organized transnationally, but much care must be taken in how to approach workers and unions across the world.
David Sarokin and Jay Schulkin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034920
- eISBN:
- 9780262336253
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034920.003.0006
- Subject:
- Information Science, Library Science
Consumers have access to substantial information on the products they buy, but much information is missing. “Sustainability information” – about traits like greenhouse gases, child labor, toxic ...
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Consumers have access to substantial information on the products they buy, but much information is missing. “Sustainability information” – about traits like greenhouse gases, child labor, toxic chemicals – is not part of the flow of information. In its absence, the market cannot reflect consumer values about sustainability. New sources of information could integrate our collective values into day-to-day consumer transactions, and make ordinary shopping a path to a more sustainable future.Less
Consumers have access to substantial information on the products they buy, but much information is missing. “Sustainability information” – about traits like greenhouse gases, child labor, toxic chemicals – is not part of the flow of information. In its absence, the market cannot reflect consumer values about sustainability. New sources of information could integrate our collective values into day-to-day consumer transactions, and make ordinary shopping a path to a more sustainable future.
David Sarokin and Jay Schulkin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034920
- eISBN:
- 9780262336253
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034920.003.0007
- Subject:
- Information Science, Library Science
Introducing sustainability information for consumer products can be accomplished through regulation, international agreements or by the marketplace itself. Large-scale purchasers, like Walmart or the ...
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Introducing sustainability information for consumer products can be accomplished through regulation, international agreements or by the marketplace itself. Large-scale purchasers, like Walmart or the federal government, have enough market leverage to bring forward sustainability information. Once it is available, the information will help make the global market more efficient and more responsive to important human values.Less
Introducing sustainability information for consumer products can be accomplished through regulation, international agreements or by the marketplace itself. Large-scale purchasers, like Walmart or the federal government, have enough market leverage to bring forward sustainability information. Once it is available, the information will help make the global market more efficient and more responsive to important human values.
Edward W. Soja
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780520281721
- eISBN:
- 9780520957633
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520281721.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
A vital but often neglected part of the urban restructuring of Los Angeles has been a resurgent activism that has created some of the most innovative urban social movements in the country. The ...
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A vital but often neglected part of the urban restructuring of Los Angeles has been a resurgent activism that has created some of the most innovative urban social movements in the country. The Justice Riots of 1992, as they are now called, stimulated vigorous grassroots and place-based coalitions of labor unions and community-based organizations seeking to deal with the enormous inequalities and injustices brought about by globalization and the formation of the New Economy. Affected to some degree by the critical spatial perspective espoused by the Los Angeles research cluster, these new coalitions were among the earliest in the United States to adopt specifically spatial strategies, and in these cases, thinking spatially about justice made a difference. This spatial turn in the justice movement is traced through three organizations: the Bus Riders Union and its initiating sponsor, the Labor/Community Strategy Center; the Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy (LAANE); and, most recently, the Right to the City Alliance.Less
A vital but often neglected part of the urban restructuring of Los Angeles has been a resurgent activism that has created some of the most innovative urban social movements in the country. The Justice Riots of 1992, as they are now called, stimulated vigorous grassroots and place-based coalitions of labor unions and community-based organizations seeking to deal with the enormous inequalities and injustices brought about by globalization and the formation of the New Economy. Affected to some degree by the critical spatial perspective espoused by the Los Angeles research cluster, these new coalitions were among the earliest in the United States to adopt specifically spatial strategies, and in these cases, thinking spatially about justice made a difference. This spatial turn in the justice movement is traced through three organizations: the Bus Riders Union and its initiating sponsor, the Labor/Community Strategy Center; the Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy (LAANE); and, most recently, the Right to the City Alliance.
Sujey Vega
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479864539
- eISBN:
- 9781479875337
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479864539.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter examines how the sometimes subtle, sometimes overt moments of hostility between Latino and non-Latino residents of Lafayette emerged in the immigration debate of 2006. It considers the ...
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This chapter examines how the sometimes subtle, sometimes overt moments of hostility between Latino and non-Latino residents of Lafayette emerged in the immigration debate of 2006. It considers the lived moments of conflict and confrontation as well as the social borders and boundaries set up throughout Lafayette. It analyzes the responses of Latinas and Latinos regarding gendered differences that manifested in multiple microaggressions, as well as Walmart's role as a space of interaction in the perceptions of Latinos and non-Latinos regarding their daily routines. It also discusses the experiences of second-generation Latinos who were targeted with slurs, negative interactions, and traumatic moments of denied belonging.Less
This chapter examines how the sometimes subtle, sometimes overt moments of hostility between Latino and non-Latino residents of Lafayette emerged in the immigration debate of 2006. It considers the lived moments of conflict and confrontation as well as the social borders and boundaries set up throughout Lafayette. It analyzes the responses of Latinas and Latinos regarding gendered differences that manifested in multiple microaggressions, as well as Walmart's role as a space of interaction in the perceptions of Latinos and non-Latinos regarding their daily routines. It also discusses the experiences of second-generation Latinos who were targeted with slurs, negative interactions, and traumatic moments of denied belonging.
Joann Lo and Biko Koenig
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780520292130
- eISBN:
- 9780520965652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520292130.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
Despite being among the country's lowest paid workers, employees in the food system have remained largely invisible to the average consumer. But now, food system workers are garnering the support of ...
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Despite being among the country's lowest paid workers, employees in the food system have remained largely invisible to the average consumer. But now, food system workers are garnering the support of consumers through campaigns for good jobs, wages, and food. This chapter highlights three organizing campaigns that are emblematic of this struggle: 1) the Brandworkers campaign at Amy’s Bread, an artisanal bakery in New York City; 2) the Teamsters campaign at Taylor Farms in Tracy, California, the largest salad processor in the U.S.; and 3) the OUR Walmart campaign at Walmart stores around the country. These cases illustrate how consumers can actively support workers who are organizing against everyday exploitation and oppression.Less
Despite being among the country's lowest paid workers, employees in the food system have remained largely invisible to the average consumer. But now, food system workers are garnering the support of consumers through campaigns for good jobs, wages, and food. This chapter highlights three organizing campaigns that are emblematic of this struggle: 1) the Brandworkers campaign at Amy’s Bread, an artisanal bakery in New York City; 2) the Teamsters campaign at Taylor Farms in Tracy, California, the largest salad processor in the U.S.; and 3) the OUR Walmart campaign at Walmart stores around the country. These cases illustrate how consumers can actively support workers who are organizing against everyday exploitation and oppression.
Timothy D. Lytton
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226611549
- eISBN:
- 9780226611716
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226611716.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This chapter relates the story of the 2011 foodborne illness outbreak caused by Listeria-infected cantaloupes from Jensen Farms to introduce the three primary components of the US food safety system: ...
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This chapter relates the story of the 2011 foodborne illness outbreak caused by Listeria-infected cantaloupes from Jensen Farms to introduce the three primary components of the US food safety system: (1) government regulation, (2) industry supply chain management, and (3) civil litigation and consumer advocacy. The chapter also presents the concept of a complex adaptive system of governance to describe the interdependence among these components and the way in which they are linked by a network of food safety experts working in government, industry, and academia. Feedback and learning throughout the system fuel the evolution of food safety. In addition, the chapter discusses efforts to estimate the magnitude of foodborne illness as a public health problem in the US, and it highlights the considerable uncertainty regarding the root causes of foodborne illness and the effectiveness of efforts to reduce the microbial contamination that causes it. The chapter provides a detailed account of the Jensen Farms outbreak investigation, featuring key institutional and individual participants including the FDA, retailers Walmart and Kroger, auditing firm Primus Labs, and leading food safety attorney Bill Marler.Less
This chapter relates the story of the 2011 foodborne illness outbreak caused by Listeria-infected cantaloupes from Jensen Farms to introduce the three primary components of the US food safety system: (1) government regulation, (2) industry supply chain management, and (3) civil litigation and consumer advocacy. The chapter also presents the concept of a complex adaptive system of governance to describe the interdependence among these components and the way in which they are linked by a network of food safety experts working in government, industry, and academia. Feedback and learning throughout the system fuel the evolution of food safety. In addition, the chapter discusses efforts to estimate the magnitude of foodborne illness as a public health problem in the US, and it highlights the considerable uncertainty regarding the root causes of foodborne illness and the effectiveness of efforts to reduce the microbial contamination that causes it. The chapter provides a detailed account of the Jensen Farms outbreak investigation, featuring key institutional and individual participants including the FDA, retailers Walmart and Kroger, auditing firm Primus Labs, and leading food safety attorney Bill Marler.
Jesse LeCavalier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816693313
- eISBN:
- 9781452955360
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816693313.003.0001
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
The introduction of The Rule of Logistics establishes logistics as the way to understand Walmart’s architecture. It outlines some of the key concerns of the book before providing a portrait of the ...
More
The introduction of The Rule of Logistics establishes logistics as the way to understand Walmart’s architecture. It outlines some of the key concerns of the book before providing a portrait of the company as much more than just a retailer.Less
The introduction of The Rule of Logistics establishes logistics as the way to understand Walmart’s architecture. It outlines some of the key concerns of the book before providing a portrait of the company as much more than just a retailer.
Jesse LeCavalier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816693313
- eISBN:
- 9781452955360
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816693313.003.0002
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
The first chapter traces the emergence of contemporary business logistics out of its roots in both military and managerial contexts. More than simply managing supply chains, contemporary logistics ...
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The first chapter traces the emergence of contemporary business logistics out of its roots in both military and managerial contexts. More than simply managing supply chains, contemporary logistics operates between abstract and concrete realms to manage objects in space and time with architectural, infrastructural, and territorial consequences.Less
The first chapter traces the emergence of contemporary business logistics out of its roots in both military and managerial contexts. More than simply managing supply chains, contemporary logistics operates between abstract and concrete realms to manage objects in space and time with architectural, infrastructural, and territorial consequences.
Jesse LeCavalier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816693313
- eISBN:
- 9781452955360
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816693313.003.0003
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
The second chapter examines Walmart’s collection of building types to show how new technologies related to information production and management enrolled architecture into logistical systems with ...
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The second chapter examines Walmart’s collection of building types to show how new technologies related to information production and management enrolled architecture into logistical systems with formal, spatial, and organizational implications.Less
The second chapter examines Walmart’s collection of building types to show how new technologies related to information production and management enrolled architecture into logistical systems with formal, spatial, and organizational implications.
Jesse LeCavalier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816693313
- eISBN:
- 9781452955360
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816693313.003.0004
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
The third chapter inspects both the automation of city making and the geo-political possibilities of architecture itself by first tracing Walmart’s increasingly technologically sophisticated location ...
More
The third chapter inspects both the automation of city making and the geo-political possibilities of architecture itself by first tracing Walmart’s increasingly technologically sophisticated location strategies. Afterwards, it examines what happens to those strategies in practice.Less
The third chapter inspects both the automation of city making and the geo-political possibilities of architecture itself by first tracing Walmart’s increasingly technologically sophisticated location strategies. Afterwards, it examines what happens to those strategies in practice.
