Isabel Moreira
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199736041
- eISBN:
- 9780199894628
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736041.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter challenges a school of thought that proposes that purgatory emerged in the seventh century as a result of the contact of Mediterranean Christianity with Irish religious culture. It gives ...
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This chapter challenges a school of thought that proposes that purgatory emerged in the seventh century as a result of the contact of Mediterranean Christianity with Irish religious culture. It gives special attention to the Vision of Fursey as evidence for postmortem purgation and questions the argument that penitential tariffing had a direct influence on evolving conceptions of purgatory. The chapter also examines Bede’s epitome of the Vision of Fursey, the Fragmentary Vision of 757, Vision of Paul, Redaction 6, and the Bigotian Penitential.Less
This chapter challenges a school of thought that proposes that purgatory emerged in the seventh century as a result of the contact of Mediterranean Christianity with Irish religious culture. It gives special attention to the Vision of Fursey as evidence for postmortem purgation and questions the argument that penitential tariffing had a direct influence on evolving conceptions of purgatory. The chapter also examines Bede’s epitome of the Vision of Fursey, the Fragmentary Vision of 757, Vision of Paul, Redaction 6, and the Bigotian Penitential.
Isabel Moreira
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199736041
- eISBN:
- 9780199894628
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736041.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter examines how purgatory was described and understood in the works of Bede and Boniface. Particular attention is given to Bede as the author of works in which purgatory was given ...
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This chapter examines how purgatory was described and understood in the works of Bede and Boniface. Particular attention is given to Bede as the author of works in which purgatory was given theological context and legitimation as orthodox belief. The chapter examines the role of friendship ties and gift-giving in Anglo-Saxon society and in the intercessory practices of Bede’s time. The chapter also considers the cultural and religious influences that informed Anglo-Saxon Christianity and explores the potential importance of Anglo-Saxon England’s close ties with eastern Christianity. Key texts discussed include Boniface’s Vision of the Monk of Wenlock and the works of Bede: the Vision of Drythelm, Homily for Advent, Commentary on Isaiah, and Commentary on Proverbs.Less
This chapter examines how purgatory was described and understood in the works of Bede and Boniface. Particular attention is given to Bede as the author of works in which purgatory was given theological context and legitimation as orthodox belief. The chapter examines the role of friendship ties and gift-giving in Anglo-Saxon society and in the intercessory practices of Bede’s time. The chapter also considers the cultural and religious influences that informed Anglo-Saxon Christianity and explores the potential importance of Anglo-Saxon England’s close ties with eastern Christianity. Key texts discussed include Boniface’s Vision of the Monk of Wenlock and the works of Bede: the Vision of Drythelm, Homily for Advent, Commentary on Isaiah, and Commentary on Proverbs.
Isabel Moreira
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199736041
- eISBN:
- 9780199894628
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736041.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter examines the role of punishment in correction as discussed by early Christian authors and the Roman elite as a way of understanding how punishment became associated with both hell and ...
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This chapter examines the role of punishment in correction as discussed by early Christian authors and the Roman elite as a way of understanding how punishment became associated with both hell and purgatory. It examines metaphors of paternal power and slavery. It suggests that the idea that the elect, too, must suffer violence in the afterlife arose from discussions about original sin at a time when the Roman elite were increasingly anxious about the erosion of legal immunities that had traditionally protected them from judicial torture. It highlights the ongoing importance of the metaphor of slavery to the way corporeal punishment was described in the afterlife, particularly in the Vision of Paul, and it considers notions of retributive justice and the fear of hell.Less
This chapter examines the role of punishment in correction as discussed by early Christian authors and the Roman elite as a way of understanding how punishment became associated with both hell and purgatory. It examines metaphors of paternal power and slavery. It suggests that the idea that the elect, too, must suffer violence in the afterlife arose from discussions about original sin at a time when the Roman elite were increasingly anxious about the erosion of legal immunities that had traditionally protected them from judicial torture. It highlights the ongoing importance of the metaphor of slavery to the way corporeal punishment was described in the afterlife, particularly in the Vision of Paul, and it considers notions of retributive justice and the fear of hell.
Isabel Moreira
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199736041
- eISBN:
- 9780199894628
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736041.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter asks the question: were the barbarian invasions responsible for the rise of purgatory? Examining ancient sources and modern interpretations, this chapter assesses the role of barbarian ...
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This chapter asks the question: were the barbarian invasions responsible for the rise of purgatory? Examining ancient sources and modern interpretations, this chapter assesses the role of barbarian institutions and law on descriptions of purgatory, in particular, the claims made for the influence of legal tariffs on purgatory. The chapter assesses the evidence of the Vision of Paul, Redaction 6. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of the eschatological and judicial ordeal.Less
This chapter asks the question: were the barbarian invasions responsible for the rise of purgatory? Examining ancient sources and modern interpretations, this chapter assesses the role of barbarian institutions and law on descriptions of purgatory, in particular, the claims made for the influence of legal tariffs on purgatory. The chapter assesses the evidence of the Vision of Paul, Redaction 6. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of the eschatological and judicial ordeal.
Brigitte Weltman-Aron
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231172561
- eISBN:
- 9780231539876
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172561.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Cixous and Djebar respectively reflect on the motif of the veil as a spatial marker or interval between invisibility/blindness and vision. I relate their thinking of the interval to their ...
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Cixous and Djebar respectively reflect on the motif of the veil as a spatial marker or interval between invisibility/blindness and vision. I relate their thinking of the interval to their ethical/political project.Less
Cixous and Djebar respectively reflect on the motif of the veil as a spatial marker or interval between invisibility/blindness and vision. I relate their thinking of the interval to their ethical/political project.
Mark Paterson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781474405317
- eISBN:
- 9781474418614
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474405317.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
The ‘man born blind restored to light’ was one of the foundational myths of the Enlightenment, according to Foucault. With ophthalmic surgery in its infancy, the fascination by the sighted with ...
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The ‘man born blind restored to light’ was one of the foundational myths of the Enlightenment, according to Foucault. With ophthalmic surgery in its infancy, the fascination by the sighted with blindness and what the blind might ‘see’ after sight restoration remained largely speculative. Was being blind, as Descartes once remarked, like ‘seeing with the hands’? Did evidence from early cataract operations begin to resolve epistemological debates about the relationship between vision and touch in the newly sighted, such as the famous ‘Molyneux Question’ posed by William Molyneux to John Locke? More recently, how have autobiographical accounts of blind and vision impaired writers and poets advanced the sighted public’s understanding of blind subjectivity?
Through an unfolding historical, philosophical and literary narrative that includes Locke, Molyneux and Berkeley in Britain, and Diderot, Voltaire and Buffon in France, this book explores how the Molyneux Question and its aftermath has influenced attitudes towards blindness by the sighted, and sensory substitution technologies for the blind and vision impaired, to this day.Less
The ‘man born blind restored to light’ was one of the foundational myths of the Enlightenment, according to Foucault. With ophthalmic surgery in its infancy, the fascination by the sighted with blindness and what the blind might ‘see’ after sight restoration remained largely speculative. Was being blind, as Descartes once remarked, like ‘seeing with the hands’? Did evidence from early cataract operations begin to resolve epistemological debates about the relationship between vision and touch in the newly sighted, such as the famous ‘Molyneux Question’ posed by William Molyneux to John Locke? More recently, how have autobiographical accounts of blind and vision impaired writers and poets advanced the sighted public’s understanding of blind subjectivity?
Through an unfolding historical, philosophical and literary narrative that includes Locke, Molyneux and Berkeley in Britain, and Diderot, Voltaire and Buffon in France, this book explores how the Molyneux Question and its aftermath has influenced attitudes towards blindness by the sighted, and sensory substitution technologies for the blind and vision impaired, to this day.
Eric Langley
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199541232
- eISBN:
- 9780191716072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199541232.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This chapter considers Shakespeare's representation of Roman suicide, considering self-slaughter as a form of self-assertion. The conflict of Christian and Classical becomes apparent in the ...
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This chapter considers Shakespeare's representation of Roman suicide, considering self-slaughter as a form of self-assertion. The conflict of Christian and Classical becomes apparent in the Renaissance appropriation of Seneca's Stoic rhetoric. Analysis of Julius Caesar explores how a Shakespearean sense of individuality relies on the response of a friend or the introspection of self-reflection, and Brutus' suicide is read in relation to Classical depictions and philosophical justifications of suicide.Less
This chapter considers Shakespeare's representation of Roman suicide, considering self-slaughter as a form of self-assertion. The conflict of Christian and Classical becomes apparent in the Renaissance appropriation of Seneca's Stoic rhetoric. Analysis of Julius Caesar explores how a Shakespearean sense of individuality relies on the response of a friend or the introspection of self-reflection, and Brutus' suicide is read in relation to Classical depictions and philosophical justifications of suicide.
Eric Langley
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199541232
- eISBN:
- 9780191716072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199541232.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This chapter examines Renaissance theories of vision, exploring the impact of scientific and anatomical discoveries on poetic tropes of eyebeam emission and visual reciprocation. Poems from the ...
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This chapter examines Renaissance theories of vision, exploring the impact of scientific and anatomical discoveries on poetic tropes of eyebeam emission and visual reciprocation. Poems from the Renaissance epyllion tradition, including Shakespeare's Venus and Adonis as well as erotic narratives by Marlowe, Chapman, and Lodge, are read in the context of an increasing emphasis upon potentially narcissistic introspection and intromission. The responsivity of an echoing pastoral landscape (dependent upon a conception of natural sympathy repudiated by Lucretius) is seen to be potentially undermined by the preposterous self‐absorption and self‐sufficiency of the early modern visual subject.Less
This chapter examines Renaissance theories of vision, exploring the impact of scientific and anatomical discoveries on poetic tropes of eyebeam emission and visual reciprocation. Poems from the Renaissance epyllion tradition, including Shakespeare's Venus and Adonis as well as erotic narratives by Marlowe, Chapman, and Lodge, are read in the context of an increasing emphasis upon potentially narcissistic introspection and intromission. The responsivity of an echoing pastoral landscape (dependent upon a conception of natural sympathy repudiated by Lucretius) is seen to be potentially undermined by the preposterous self‐absorption and self‐sufficiency of the early modern visual subject.
Stephen Hopgood and Leslie Vinjamuri
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199916023
- eISBN:
- 9780199950447
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199916023.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter provides a glimpse of the strategies and decisions made within the humanitarian marketplace. It introduces World Vision International, which is one of the dominant organizations ...
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This chapter provides a glimpse of the strategies and decisions made within the humanitarian marketplace. It introduces World Vision International, which is one of the dominant organizations providing secular relief around the world. It then studies the behavior of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) and faith-based organizations (FBOs) in the humanitarian world, and explains the practices and strategies of humanitarians. The next section discusses the globalization and marketing of humanitarianism and the increased salience of faith. It also looks at the extent of control public donors have over humanitarian resources and the market for private donors, which is the largest source of revenue for most FBOs and INGOs.Less
This chapter provides a glimpse of the strategies and decisions made within the humanitarian marketplace. It introduces World Vision International, which is one of the dominant organizations providing secular relief around the world. It then studies the behavior of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) and faith-based organizations (FBOs) in the humanitarian world, and explains the practices and strategies of humanitarians. The next section discusses the globalization and marketing of humanitarianism and the increased salience of faith. It also looks at the extent of control public donors have over humanitarian resources and the market for private donors, which is the largest source of revenue for most FBOs and INGOs.
Dennis Taylor
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198122616
- eISBN:
- 9780191671494
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198122616.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter dismisses those poems where Hardy dramatizes a language in search of its lost origins. For Hardy, origins are real but irrecoverable. The use of old words alone does not explain Hardy's ...
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This chapter dismisses those poems where Hardy dramatizes a language in search of its lost origins. For Hardy, origins are real but irrecoverable. The use of old words alone does not explain Hardy's literary language. Hardy's literary language is a deliberately heterogeneous assortment of words from many layers of historical usage, and reflects one of the most interesting comparisons of the Victorian period: that of the strata of the mind to geological strata. Hardy makes a uniquely personal use of this comparison in his poetry. His language represents a body of language in many stages of evolution and layered into many classes. Drawing on images from geology and other disciplines, Hardy portrays the body of language as a vast structure of overlapping fragments, some ancient, some recently formed, interconnected in obscure ways and rooted in an obscure past, undergoing hidden transformation and channeling consciousness.Less
This chapter dismisses those poems where Hardy dramatizes a language in search of its lost origins. For Hardy, origins are real but irrecoverable. The use of old words alone does not explain Hardy's literary language. Hardy's literary language is a deliberately heterogeneous assortment of words from many layers of historical usage, and reflects one of the most interesting comparisons of the Victorian period: that of the strata of the mind to geological strata. Hardy makes a uniquely personal use of this comparison in his poetry. His language represents a body of language in many stages of evolution and layered into many classes. Drawing on images from geology and other disciplines, Hardy portrays the body of language as a vast structure of overlapping fragments, some ancient, some recently formed, interconnected in obscure ways and rooted in an obscure past, undergoing hidden transformation and channeling consciousness.
Richard Swinburne
- Published in print:
- 1989
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198248491
- eISBN:
- 9780191598555
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198248490.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter is concerned with the fates in the afterlife (traditionally called Heaven, Hell, Purgatory, and Limbo) that a good God would allocate to different humans. The totally corrupt have freely ...
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This chapter is concerned with the fates in the afterlife (traditionally called Heaven, Hell, Purgatory, and Limbo) that a good God would allocate to different humans. The totally corrupt have freely chosen to become so, and it would be an unwarranted imposition for God to give them any other character; hence, if God keeps them alive, their happiness can consist only in low‐level enjoyment. God will give to the sanctified (in company with each other) the (un‐merited) Beatific Vision of himself; and good pagans are to be included in this group. God may award (temporarily or permanently) intermediate fates to those with characters not fully formed.Less
This chapter is concerned with the fates in the afterlife (traditionally called Heaven, Hell, Purgatory, and Limbo) that a good God would allocate to different humans. The totally corrupt have freely chosen to become so, and it would be an unwarranted imposition for God to give them any other character; hence, if God keeps them alive, their happiness can consist only in low‐level enjoyment. God will give to the sanctified (in company with each other) the (un‐merited) Beatific Vision of himself; and good pagans are to be included in this group. God may award (temporarily or permanently) intermediate fates to those with characters not fully formed.
Richard Swinburne
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198237983
- eISBN:
- 9780191598548
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198237987.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
A final goal that a good God would have in creating would be to create creatures who could know, interact with, and worship their holy creator. He will thus sometimes answer their petitionary ...
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A final goal that a good God would have in creating would be to create creatures who could know, interact with, and worship their holy creator. He will thus sometimes answer their petitionary prayers, and give them the opportunity to discover and love him or to fail to do so, before giving to those who take that opportunity to enjoy the Beatific Vision of himself in life after death.Less
A final goal that a good God would have in creating would be to create creatures who could know, interact with, and worship their holy creator. He will thus sometimes answer their petitionary prayers, and give them the opportunity to discover and love him or to fail to do so, before giving to those who take that opportunity to enjoy the Beatific Vision of himself in life after death.
Richard Swinburne
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198237983
- eISBN:
- 9780191598548
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198237987.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
When we appreciate the great value of life itself, of having opportunities to make significant choices, and of being of use (a value stressed in the New Testament), we can see that for God to allow ...
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When we appreciate the great value of life itself, of having opportunities to make significant choices, and of being of use (a value stressed in the New Testament), we can see that for God to allow evils of the limited kind that occur on earth is compatible with God's perfect goodness. On a Christian view, the point of this life is to form ourselves so as to be capable of enjoying the Beatific Vision of God in a life after death.Less
When we appreciate the great value of life itself, of having opportunities to make significant choices, and of being of use (a value stressed in the New Testament), we can see that for God to allow evils of the limited kind that occur on earth is compatible with God's perfect goodness. On a Christian view, the point of this life is to form ourselves so as to be capable of enjoying the Beatific Vision of God in a life after death.
Stephen J. Dain
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198525301
- eISBN:
- 9780191584947
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198525301.003.0035
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
The ‘Colour Vision Testing Made Easy’ (CVTME) is a colour vision test specifically designed for children and based on the pseudo-isochromatic (PIC) principle. This chapter shows that the colorimetric ...
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The ‘Colour Vision Testing Made Easy’ (CVTME) is a colour vision test specifically designed for children and based on the pseudo-isochromatic (PIC) principle. This chapter shows that the colorimetric design of the CVTME is reasonable and colour vision deficient adults are identified. Colorimetrically, the task is less demanding than Ishihara's and this is consistent with the previously identified propensity to pass very mild deuteroanomals.Less
The ‘Colour Vision Testing Made Easy’ (CVTME) is a colour vision test specifically designed for children and based on the pseudo-isochromatic (PIC) principle. This chapter shows that the colorimetric design of the CVTME is reasonable and colour vision deficient adults are identified. Colorimetrically, the task is less demanding than Ishihara's and this is consistent with the previously identified propensity to pass very mild deuteroanomals.
Steven C. Harper
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- August 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199329472
- eISBN:
- 9780190063092
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199329472.003.0029
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
Richard Bushman’s 2005 biography of Joseph Smith incorporated the findings of the New Mormon history. Bushman saw changes over time in Smith’s vision accounts and granted the critics that point, just ...
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Richard Bushman’s 2005 biography of Joseph Smith incorporated the findings of the New Mormon history. Bushman saw changes over time in Smith’s vision accounts and granted the critics that point, just not their interpretation that it meant Smith did not experience what he claimed. Bushman did not question whether Smith told the truth about his vision, only what truth he told he time he recorded it. Bushman’s Joseph Smith is therefore not the deceived or deceiving one of Fawn Brodie or Wesley Walters, but neither is he the simplified teenage prophet of the movies and manuals. Though initially barred from use in LDS religious education curriculum, provided the standard interpretation of Smith’s first vision adopted by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by 2018. This was most evident in “First Vision Accounts” and Saints: The Standard of Truth, volume 1—products espoused and promoted by LDS leaders.Less
Richard Bushman’s 2005 biography of Joseph Smith incorporated the findings of the New Mormon history. Bushman saw changes over time in Smith’s vision accounts and granted the critics that point, just not their interpretation that it meant Smith did not experience what he claimed. Bushman did not question whether Smith told the truth about his vision, only what truth he told he time he recorded it. Bushman’s Joseph Smith is therefore not the deceived or deceiving one of Fawn Brodie or Wesley Walters, but neither is he the simplified teenage prophet of the movies and manuals. Though initially barred from use in LDS religious education curriculum, provided the standard interpretation of Smith’s first vision adopted by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by 2018. This was most evident in “First Vision Accounts” and Saints: The Standard of Truth, volume 1—products espoused and promoted by LDS leaders.
Graham R. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199694532
- eISBN:
- 9780191839979
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199694532.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ornithology, Animal Biology
The natural world contains a huge amount of constantly changing information. Limitations on, and specializations within, sensory systems mean that each species receives only a small part of that ...
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The natural world contains a huge amount of constantly changing information. Limitations on, and specializations within, sensory systems mean that each species receives only a small part of that information. In essence, information is filtered by sensory systems. Sensory ecology aims to understand the nature and functions of those filters for each species and sensory system. Fluxes of information, and the perceptual challenges posed by different natural environments, are so large that sensory and behavioural specializations have been inevitable. There have been many trade-offs in the evolution of sensory capacities, and trade-offs and complementarity between different sensory capacities within species. Many behavioural tasks may have influenced the evolution of sensory capacities in birds, but the principal drivers have been associated with just two tasksforaging and predator detection. The key task is the control of the position and timing of the approach of the bill towards a target. Other tasks, such as locomotion and reproduction, are achieved within the requirements of foraging and predator detection. Information thatguides behaviours may often be sparse and partial and key behaviours may only be possible because of cognitive abilities which allow adequate interpretation of partial information. Human modifications of natural environments present perceptual challenges that cannot always be met by the information available to particular birds. Mitigations of the negative effects of human intrusions into natural environments must take account of the sensory ecology of the affected species. Effects of environmental changes cannot be understood sufficiently by viewing them through the filters of human sensory systems.Less
The natural world contains a huge amount of constantly changing information. Limitations on, and specializations within, sensory systems mean that each species receives only a small part of that information. In essence, information is filtered by sensory systems. Sensory ecology aims to understand the nature and functions of those filters for each species and sensory system. Fluxes of information, and the perceptual challenges posed by different natural environments, are so large that sensory and behavioural specializations have been inevitable. There have been many trade-offs in the evolution of sensory capacities, and trade-offs and complementarity between different sensory capacities within species. Many behavioural tasks may have influenced the evolution of sensory capacities in birds, but the principal drivers have been associated with just two tasksforaging and predator detection. The key task is the control of the position and timing of the approach of the bill towards a target. Other tasks, such as locomotion and reproduction, are achieved within the requirements of foraging and predator detection. Information thatguides behaviours may often be sparse and partial and key behaviours may only be possible because of cognitive abilities which allow adequate interpretation of partial information. Human modifications of natural environments present perceptual challenges that cannot always be met by the information available to particular birds. Mitigations of the negative effects of human intrusions into natural environments must take account of the sensory ecology of the affected species. Effects of environmental changes cannot be understood sufficiently by viewing them through the filters of human sensory systems.
Roberto Verganti
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035361
- eISBN:
- 9780262335829
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035361.003.0001
- Subject:
- Art, Design
This chapter summarizes the content of the book “Overcrowded”: (1) In the current scenario, overcrowded by ideas, having additional ideas have marginal value, both for businesses and customers. ...
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This chapter summarizes the content of the book “Overcrowded”: (1) In the current scenario, overcrowded by ideas, having additional ideas have marginal value, both for businesses and customers. Indeed it destroys value by making things even fuzzier and difficult to discern. (2) In this wealth of opportunities, value comes from envisioning which direction makes more sense. It does not require more ideas, but one meaningful vision. Not to improve how things are, but why we need them. The winners are those who make existing problems old and redefine the scenario; those who make customers fall in love by offering not something better, but something more meaningful. (3) To create meaningful things we need a process whose principles are the opposite of the ideation and outside-in innovation that has populated the innovation discourse in the last years: we need criticism and to start from ourselves.Less
This chapter summarizes the content of the book “Overcrowded”: (1) In the current scenario, overcrowded by ideas, having additional ideas have marginal value, both for businesses and customers. Indeed it destroys value by making things even fuzzier and difficult to discern. (2) In this wealth of opportunities, value comes from envisioning which direction makes more sense. It does not require more ideas, but one meaningful vision. Not to improve how things are, but why we need them. The winners are those who make existing problems old and redefine the scenario; those who make customers fall in love by offering not something better, but something more meaningful. (3) To create meaningful things we need a process whose principles are the opposite of the ideation and outside-in innovation that has populated the innovation discourse in the last years: we need criticism and to start from ourselves.
Dudley Andrew
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099845
- eISBN:
- 9789882206731
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099845.003.0003
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter focuses on the growing number of horror films across East Asia. It highlights Ringu (1998), a film which incorporates local and aesthetic preferences in a manner that thrilled audiences ...
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This chapter focuses on the growing number of horror films across East Asia. It highlights Ringu (1998), a film which incorporates local and aesthetic preferences in a manner that thrilled audiences throughout East Asia and is considered as the origin of a powerful Asian cycle of ghost films. The chapter also examines box office films in the ghost genre, such as Double Vision (2002), Sorum (2001), A Single Spark (1995), 3-Iron (2004), and Tropical Malady (2004).Less
This chapter focuses on the growing number of horror films across East Asia. It highlights Ringu (1998), a film which incorporates local and aesthetic preferences in a manner that thrilled audiences throughout East Asia and is considered as the origin of a powerful Asian cycle of ghost films. The chapter also examines box office films in the ghost genre, such as Double Vision (2002), Sorum (2001), A Single Spark (1995), 3-Iron (2004), and Tropical Malady (2004).
Kenneth Chan
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622090552
- eISBN:
- 9789882207356
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622090552.003.0007
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter focuses on the way Chinese supernatural films pursue a kind of mythic autoethnography, where Chinese religious beliefs and superstitions receive an intensified makeover to emphasize the ...
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This chapter focuses on the way Chinese supernatural films pursue a kind of mythic autoethnography, where Chinese religious beliefs and superstitions receive an intensified makeover to emphasize the bizarre, the macabre, the mystical, and the inexplicable. It examines Bulletproof Monk's turn to fictitious Tibetan myths of immortality; Double Vision's cultic forms of Taoist beliefs; and The Myth's reworking of reincarnation and the semi-mythic story of the first Chinese emperor's obsession with the pill of immortality. It also analyzes the histrionics surrounding The Promise and its failure to be the film that it so anxiously aspires to be.Less
This chapter focuses on the way Chinese supernatural films pursue a kind of mythic autoethnography, where Chinese religious beliefs and superstitions receive an intensified makeover to emphasize the bizarre, the macabre, the mystical, and the inexplicable. It examines Bulletproof Monk's turn to fictitious Tibetan myths of immortality; Double Vision's cultic forms of Taoist beliefs; and The Myth's reworking of reincarnation and the semi-mythic story of the first Chinese emperor's obsession with the pill of immortality. It also analyzes the histrionics surrounding The Promise and its failure to be the film that it so anxiously aspires to be.
Andrew Smith
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719074462
- eISBN:
- 9781781700006
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719074462.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter summarises Charles Dickens's view of the ghost story. It presents some close readings of A Christmas Carol, ‘The Signalman’ and ‘A December Vision’. In A Christmas Carol, Dickens uses ...
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This chapter summarises Charles Dickens's view of the ghost story. It presents some close readings of A Christmas Carol, ‘The Signalman’ and ‘A December Vision’. In A Christmas Carol, Dickens uses ghosts to critique the economic system and to pardon capitalism. In ‘A December Vision’, Dickens tries to represent the ghost of the industrial economy as it spreads poverty throughout the country. Finally, it shows that Dickens's fascination with the allegorical mode of the ghost story and the ways such allegories can be read are addressed in ‘The Signalman’.Less
This chapter summarises Charles Dickens's view of the ghost story. It presents some close readings of A Christmas Carol, ‘The Signalman’ and ‘A December Vision’. In A Christmas Carol, Dickens uses ghosts to critique the economic system and to pardon capitalism. In ‘A December Vision’, Dickens tries to represent the ghost of the industrial economy as it spreads poverty throughout the country. Finally, it shows that Dickens's fascination with the allegorical mode of the ghost story and the ways such allegories can be read are addressed in ‘The Signalman’.
