Mary Bucholtz
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195327359
- eISBN:
- 9780199870639
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327359.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
The chapter considers the different ways in which Southeast Asian American youth may use local varieties of English to negotiate ideologies of race and Asianness in the production of identity. Based ...
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The chapter considers the different ways in which Southeast Asian American youth may use local varieties of English to negotiate ideologies of race and Asianness in the production of identity. Based on a year of ethnographic fieldwork in an ethnoracially diverse California high school, the chapter shows how two high school girls, both refugees from Laos, navigate conflicting ideologies of Asian immigrant youth as model minorities on the one hand and as dangerous gangsters on the other. Each girl's style was produced linguistically neither in their native language nor in an ethnically distinctive “Asian American English” but through a positive or negative orientation to the linguistic resources of African American Vernacular English and youth slang. The vast diversity of Asian Americans as a panethnic category and the complexity of their identity practices and performances demands richer and more contextually nuanced theorizing of the relationship between language and identity.Less
The chapter considers the different ways in which Southeast Asian American youth may use local varieties of English to negotiate ideologies of race and Asianness in the production of identity. Based on a year of ethnographic fieldwork in an ethnoracially diverse California high school, the chapter shows how two high school girls, both refugees from Laos, navigate conflicting ideologies of Asian immigrant youth as model minorities on the one hand and as dangerous gangsters on the other. Each girl's style was produced linguistically neither in their native language nor in an ethnically distinctive “Asian American English” but through a positive or negative orientation to the linguistic resources of African American Vernacular English and youth slang. The vast diversity of Asian Americans as a panethnic category and the complexity of their identity practices and performances demands richer and more contextually nuanced theorizing of the relationship between language and identity.
Yoel H. Kahn
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195373295
- eISBN:
- 9780199893294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195373295.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
In order to enjoy emancipation from their historical disabilities, early modern Jews had to persuade the governments and citizenry of the states in which they lived to stop considering Jews as ...
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In order to enjoy emancipation from their historical disabilities, early modern Jews had to persuade the governments and citizenry of the states in which they lived to stop considering Jews as “others.” Convinced that their relationships with their neighbors had entered a new epoch, early modern Jews removed passages from the liturgy which they found incompatible with their new or desired status, or which, as Rabbis Jacob Tzvi Meklenburg and Aaron Worms explained in their prayer books, they feared might be misunderstood. While much of the debate in nineteenth-century European prayer books and commentaries about the correct language of the blessing “who did not make me a gentile” was ostensibly about grammar or lexical precision, deeper issues often motivated the debate. From Wolf Heidenheim’s best-selling Orthodox text to German Reform prayer books, the neutral “nokhri” (stranger/foreigner) replaced the more problematic “gentile.” Vernacular translations often employed yet other euphemisms.Less
In order to enjoy emancipation from their historical disabilities, early modern Jews had to persuade the governments and citizenry of the states in which they lived to stop considering Jews as “others.” Convinced that their relationships with their neighbors had entered a new epoch, early modern Jews removed passages from the liturgy which they found incompatible with their new or desired status, or which, as Rabbis Jacob Tzvi Meklenburg and Aaron Worms explained in their prayer books, they feared might be misunderstood. While much of the debate in nineteenth-century European prayer books and commentaries about the correct language of the blessing “who did not make me a gentile” was ostensibly about grammar or lexical precision, deeper issues often motivated the debate. From Wolf Heidenheim’s best-selling Orthodox text to German Reform prayer books, the neutral “nokhri” (stranger/foreigner) replaced the more problematic “gentile.” Vernacular translations often employed yet other euphemisms.
Roger W. Shuy
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195328837
- eISBN:
- 9780199870165
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328837.003.0014
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
A nonprofit organization created to eliminate unlawful, discriminatory housing routinely investigates complaints by black citizens who complain about being steered to all-black areas of housing. This ...
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A nonprofit organization created to eliminate unlawful, discriminatory housing routinely investigates complaints by black citizens who complain about being steered to all-black areas of housing. This organization routinely uses “testers” of both races to determine the adequacy of the complaints in telephone inquiries about available apartments and houses. One instance of this procedure led to a discrimination suit against a real estate firm. The plaintiffs lost the case because the statute of limitations had run out relating to the specific incident. The appeals court then reversed the decision, noting that the realtors' practice was a pervasive, ongoing event rather than a single instance. The linguistic issue then became whether the race of Vernacular Black English speakers could be identified in telephone conversations. Nine sample phone calls made by both black and white speakers were used in a study made by the nonprofit group. The linguist was asked to identify the phonological, grammatical, and lexical features that were characteristic of the racially mixed speakers on tapes of these conversations. The linguist also called on the literature on this subject regarding both the linguistic feature of VBE and the subjective reaction research in Detroit that showed how both black and white listeners were able to identify race approximately 80 percent of the time.Less
A nonprofit organization created to eliminate unlawful, discriminatory housing routinely investigates complaints by black citizens who complain about being steered to all-black areas of housing. This organization routinely uses “testers” of both races to determine the adequacy of the complaints in telephone inquiries about available apartments and houses. One instance of this procedure led to a discrimination suit against a real estate firm. The plaintiffs lost the case because the statute of limitations had run out relating to the specific incident. The appeals court then reversed the decision, noting that the realtors' practice was a pervasive, ongoing event rather than a single instance. The linguistic issue then became whether the race of Vernacular Black English speakers could be identified in telephone conversations. Nine sample phone calls made by both black and white speakers were used in a study made by the nonprofit group. The linguist was asked to identify the phonological, grammatical, and lexical features that were characteristic of the racially mixed speakers on tapes of these conversations. The linguist also called on the literature on this subject regarding both the linguistic feature of VBE and the subjective reaction research in Detroit that showed how both black and white listeners were able to identify race approximately 80 percent of the time.
Jennifer Bann and John Corbett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748643059
- eISBN:
- 9781474416085
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643059.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
This volume provides a comprehensive survey of the spelling system of Older and Modern Scots, illustrating how this orthographic system has developed partly in response to historical shifts in ...
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This volume provides a comprehensive survey of the spelling system of Older and Modern Scots, illustrating how this orthographic system has developed partly in response to historical shifts in pronunciation, and partly as a result of social and political change.
Spelling Scots acts not only as a wide-ranging reference book to the changing orthography of Scots, but also as an outline of the active interventions in the practices that have guided Scots spelling. The book shows how canonical writers of poetry and fiction in Scots from 1700 to the present day have blended convention and innovation in presenting Scots in literary texts, and it explores the influence of key writers such as Ramsay, Fergusson, Burns, Scott, Hogg and Stevenson. Introducing an innovative method of tracing the use of key spelling variants in a corpus of Scots writing, the book discusses the implication of this method for promoting wider literacy in Scots.
Spelling Scots should be a standard reference volume for all institutions where literature in Scots is studied. It draws on the authors' current research project, the Corpus of Modern Scottish Writing.Less
This volume provides a comprehensive survey of the spelling system of Older and Modern Scots, illustrating how this orthographic system has developed partly in response to historical shifts in pronunciation, and partly as a result of social and political change.
Spelling Scots acts not only as a wide-ranging reference book to the changing orthography of Scots, but also as an outline of the active interventions in the practices that have guided Scots spelling. The book shows how canonical writers of poetry and fiction in Scots from 1700 to the present day have blended convention and innovation in presenting Scots in literary texts, and it explores the influence of key writers such as Ramsay, Fergusson, Burns, Scott, Hogg and Stevenson. Introducing an innovative method of tracing the use of key spelling variants in a corpus of Scots writing, the book discusses the implication of this method for promoting wider literacy in Scots.
Spelling Scots should be a standard reference volume for all institutions where literature in Scots is studied. It draws on the authors' current research project, the Corpus of Modern Scottish Writing.
Thomas S. Davis
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231169424
- eISBN:
- 9780231537889
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231169424.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
In this final chapter, late modernism’s outward turn captures the changes in political belonging wrought by the twin phenomena of decolonization and mass migration from the Caribbean to British ...
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In this final chapter, late modernism’s outward turn captures the changes in political belonging wrought by the twin phenomena of decolonization and mass migration from the Caribbean to British shores.Less
In this final chapter, late modernism’s outward turn captures the changes in political belonging wrought by the twin phenomena of decolonization and mass migration from the Caribbean to British shores.
Lee Jarvis and Michael Lister
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719091599
- eISBN:
- 9781781708316
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719091599.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This book explores how different publics make sense of and evaluate anti-terrorism powers within the UK, and the implications of this for citizenship and security. Since 9/11, the UK’s anti-terrorism ...
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This book explores how different publics make sense of and evaluate anti-terrorism powers within the UK, and the implications of this for citizenship and security. Since 9/11, the UK’s anti-terrorism framework has undergone dramatic changes, including with the introduction of numerous new pieces of legislation. Drawing on primary empirical research, this book examines the impact of these changes on security and citizenship, as perceived by citizens themselves. We examine such impacts on different communities within the UK, and find that generally, whilst white individuals were not unconcerned about the effects of anti-terrorism, ethnic minority citizens (and not Muslim communities alone) believe that anti-terrorism measures have had a direct, negative impact on various dimensions of their citizenship and security. This book thus offers the first systematic engagement with ‘vernacular’ or ‘everyday’ understandings of anti-terrorism policy, citizenship and security. Beyond an empirical analysis of citizen attitudes, it argues that while transformations in anti-terrorism frameworks impact on public experiences of security and citizenship, they do not do so in a uniform, homogeneous, or predictable manner. At the same time, public understandings and expectations of security and citizenship themselves shape how developments in anti-terrorism frameworks are discussed and evaluated. The relationships between these phenomenon, in other words, are both multiple and co-constitutive. By detailing these findings, this book adds depth and complexity to existing studies of the impact of anti-terrorism powers. The book will be of interest to a wide range of academic disciplines including Political Science, International Relations, Security Studies and Sociology.Less
This book explores how different publics make sense of and evaluate anti-terrorism powers within the UK, and the implications of this for citizenship and security. Since 9/11, the UK’s anti-terrorism framework has undergone dramatic changes, including with the introduction of numerous new pieces of legislation. Drawing on primary empirical research, this book examines the impact of these changes on security and citizenship, as perceived by citizens themselves. We examine such impacts on different communities within the UK, and find that generally, whilst white individuals were not unconcerned about the effects of anti-terrorism, ethnic minority citizens (and not Muslim communities alone) believe that anti-terrorism measures have had a direct, negative impact on various dimensions of their citizenship and security. This book thus offers the first systematic engagement with ‘vernacular’ or ‘everyday’ understandings of anti-terrorism policy, citizenship and security. Beyond an empirical analysis of citizen attitudes, it argues that while transformations in anti-terrorism frameworks impact on public experiences of security and citizenship, they do not do so in a uniform, homogeneous, or predictable manner. At the same time, public understandings and expectations of security and citizenship themselves shape how developments in anti-terrorism frameworks are discussed and evaluated. The relationships between these phenomenon, in other words, are both multiple and co-constitutive. By detailing these findings, this book adds depth and complexity to existing studies of the impact of anti-terrorism powers. The book will be of interest to a wide range of academic disciplines including Political Science, International Relations, Security Studies and Sociology.
Molly A. Warsh
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469638973
- eISBN:
- 9781469638997
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469638973.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
Patterns of pearl cultivation and circulation reveal vernacular practices that shaped emerging imperial ideas about value and wealth in the early modern world. Pearls’ variability and subjective ...
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Patterns of pearl cultivation and circulation reveal vernacular practices that shaped emerging imperial ideas about value and wealth in the early modern world. Pearls’ variability and subjective beauty posed a profound challenge to the imperial impulse to order and control, underscoring the complexity of governing subjects and objects in the early modern world. Qualitative, evaluative language would play a prominent role in crown officials’ attempts to contain and channel this complexity. The book’s title reflects the evolving significance of the term barrueca (which became “baroque” in English), a word initially employed in the Venezuelan fisheries to describe irregular pearls. Over time, this term lost its close association with the jewel but came to serve as a metaphor for irregular, unbounded expression. Pearls’ enduring importance lies less in the revenue they generated than in the conversations they prompted about the nature of value and the importance of individual skill and judgment, as well as the natural world, in its creation and husbandry. The stories generated by pearls—an unusual, organic jewel—range globally, crossing geographic and imperial boundaries as well as moving across scales, linking the bounded experiences of individuals to the expansion of imperial bureaucracies. These microhistories illuminate the connections between these small- and large-scale historical processes, revealing the connections between empire as envisioned by monarchs, enacted in law, and experienced at sea and on the ground by individuals.Less
Patterns of pearl cultivation and circulation reveal vernacular practices that shaped emerging imperial ideas about value and wealth in the early modern world. Pearls’ variability and subjective beauty posed a profound challenge to the imperial impulse to order and control, underscoring the complexity of governing subjects and objects in the early modern world. Qualitative, evaluative language would play a prominent role in crown officials’ attempts to contain and channel this complexity. The book’s title reflects the evolving significance of the term barrueca (which became “baroque” in English), a word initially employed in the Venezuelan fisheries to describe irregular pearls. Over time, this term lost its close association with the jewel but came to serve as a metaphor for irregular, unbounded expression. Pearls’ enduring importance lies less in the revenue they generated than in the conversations they prompted about the nature of value and the importance of individual skill and judgment, as well as the natural world, in its creation and husbandry. The stories generated by pearls—an unusual, organic jewel—range globally, crossing geographic and imperial boundaries as well as moving across scales, linking the bounded experiences of individuals to the expansion of imperial bureaucracies. These microhistories illuminate the connections between these small- and large-scale historical processes, revealing the connections between empire as envisioned by monarchs, enacted in law, and experienced at sea and on the ground by individuals.
Jacob M. Baum
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252042195
- eISBN:
- 9780252050930
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252042195.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter utilizes fifteenth-century vernacular culture to challenge the notion that learned understandings detailed in chapter 2 fully determined the meaning of sensuous worship on the eve of the ...
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This chapter utilizes fifteenth-century vernacular culture to challenge the notion that learned understandings detailed in chapter 2 fully determined the meaning of sensuous worship on the eve of the Reformation. Through analysis of the unusual diary of the Nuremberg widow Katherina Tucher (d. 1448) and a critical mass of personal vernacular prayer books, this chapter shows that people made use of some learned ideas about the senses promoted by learned culture but went well beyond them in many cases. Educated, urban lay men and women played games with sensory language in their personal devotional experiences and, in doing so, exercised limited agency as vernacular theologians in their own right. Following this analysis, this chapter shows how male intellectuals responded by increasingly identifying sensuous worship with femininity and non-Christians. It concludes with a summary of part 1.Less
This chapter utilizes fifteenth-century vernacular culture to challenge the notion that learned understandings detailed in chapter 2 fully determined the meaning of sensuous worship on the eve of the Reformation. Through analysis of the unusual diary of the Nuremberg widow Katherina Tucher (d. 1448) and a critical mass of personal vernacular prayer books, this chapter shows that people made use of some learned ideas about the senses promoted by learned culture but went well beyond them in many cases. Educated, urban lay men and women played games with sensory language in their personal devotional experiences and, in doing so, exercised limited agency as vernacular theologians in their own right. Following this analysis, this chapter shows how male intellectuals responded by increasingly identifying sensuous worship with femininity and non-Christians. It concludes with a summary of part 1.
Ankhi Mukherjee
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804785211
- eISBN:
- 9780804788380
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804785211.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines the emergence of English as a global and englobing vernacular with reference to Anglophone literature from South Asia, focusing on language rather than nation as its creative ...
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This chapter examines the emergence of English as a global and englobing vernacular with reference to Anglophone literature from South Asia, focusing on language rather than nation as its creative principle. The term ’vernacular’ refers here to both the singular idiom of South Asian literary production and the local histories and minority existence that it brings to bear on European universalities.Less
This chapter examines the emergence of English as a global and englobing vernacular with reference to Anglophone literature from South Asia, focusing on language rather than nation as its creative principle. The term ’vernacular’ refers here to both the singular idiom of South Asian literary production and the local histories and minority existence that it brings to bear on European universalities.
Jason Herbeck
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781786940391
- eISBN:
- 9781786944948
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781786940391.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
As a complement to the in-depth literary analyses that follow, Chapter 1 begins by examining a bona fide architectural structure, the Haitian gingerbread house, as a literal—i.e. ...
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As a complement to the in-depth literary analyses that follow, Chapter 1 begins by examining a bona fide architectural structure, the Haitian gingerbread house, as a literal—i.e. physical—manifestation of authentic French-Caribbean construction. Drawing from both (past) traditional techniques and present-day technologies and innovations, the Gingerbreads’ vernacular architecture is described as a fundamentally localized, transformative building process that, for the purposes of this book, equate with what can be understood as the vernacular architexture of the French Caribbean. Hence, the recent “spatial turn” (Conley) in literary criticism should encompass not only natural but human landscapes in so far as their integral role as characters in the telling and creating of the region’s identifying narratives. Consequently, three brief textual analyses of French-Caribbean works serve to illustrate how the construction of individual and collective identities is informed by the architectural and architextual structures found within literature. The chapter concludes with an overview of relevant literary criticism, in particular as pertaining to the role of literary form in the evolving fields of spatial and postcolonial theory.Less
As a complement to the in-depth literary analyses that follow, Chapter 1 begins by examining a bona fide architectural structure, the Haitian gingerbread house, as a literal—i.e. physical—manifestation of authentic French-Caribbean construction. Drawing from both (past) traditional techniques and present-day technologies and innovations, the Gingerbreads’ vernacular architecture is described as a fundamentally localized, transformative building process that, for the purposes of this book, equate with what can be understood as the vernacular architexture of the French Caribbean. Hence, the recent “spatial turn” (Conley) in literary criticism should encompass not only natural but human landscapes in so far as their integral role as characters in the telling and creating of the region’s identifying narratives. Consequently, three brief textual analyses of French-Caribbean works serve to illustrate how the construction of individual and collective identities is informed by the architectural and architextual structures found within literature. The chapter concludes with an overview of relevant literary criticism, in particular as pertaining to the role of literary form in the evolving fields of spatial and postcolonial theory.
Alexandra Green
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9789888390885
- eISBN:
- 9789882204850
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888390885.003.0005
- Subject:
- Art, Art History
As Chapter Four demonstrates, the murals were part of the efflorescence of Nyaungyan and Konbaung dynasty literary activity, visual counterparts to vernacular, Pāli, and dramatic productions. The ...
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As Chapter Four demonstrates, the murals were part of the efflorescence of Nyaungyan and Konbaung dynasty literary activity, visual counterparts to vernacular, Pāli, and dramatic productions. The narratives in the Burmese wall paintings were new tellings of old stories, drawing on Pāli texts and oral traditions, that were shaped to serve the purposes of the temples that housed the murals, reflecting the established repertoire, the desires and goals of donors, and the roles of the artists and monk producers. This chapter explores the various ways in which Burmese wall paintings connected with and related to “words,” both of the written and spoken variety. Textually and visually, Burmese wall paintings incorporated literary concepts in three main ways. First, the prose captions of the murals functioned as glosses to the visual narrative. Secondly, the popularization of drama and narration in Burmese society connected with a focus on an extended narrative format in the murals. Thirdly, the embellishments of descriptive prose and poetry paralleled the illustration of elaborate settings in the murals. The wall paintings formed a nexus of oral, visual, and textual traditions, linking them together through biographical memorialization.Less
As Chapter Four demonstrates, the murals were part of the efflorescence of Nyaungyan and Konbaung dynasty literary activity, visual counterparts to vernacular, Pāli, and dramatic productions. The narratives in the Burmese wall paintings were new tellings of old stories, drawing on Pāli texts and oral traditions, that were shaped to serve the purposes of the temples that housed the murals, reflecting the established repertoire, the desires and goals of donors, and the roles of the artists and monk producers. This chapter explores the various ways in which Burmese wall paintings connected with and related to “words,” both of the written and spoken variety. Textually and visually, Burmese wall paintings incorporated literary concepts in three main ways. First, the prose captions of the murals functioned as glosses to the visual narrative. Secondly, the popularization of drama and narration in Burmese society connected with a focus on an extended narrative format in the murals. Thirdly, the embellishments of descriptive prose and poetry paralleled the illustration of elaborate settings in the murals. The wall paintings formed a nexus of oral, visual, and textual traditions, linking them together through biographical memorialization.
Joseph D. Witt
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813168128
- eISBN:
- 9780813168753
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813168128.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter examines a third thread of religious resistance to mountaintop removal, a set of perspectives broadly listed under the category of nature-venerating spiritualities. Most basically, these ...
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This chapter examines a third thread of religious resistance to mountaintop removal, a set of perspectives broadly listed under the category of nature-venerating spiritualities. Most basically, these forms of religious responses posit some sort of intrinsic, spiritual value in natural ecosystems. They often share similarities with biocentric arguments, particularly those associated with Deep Ecology and radical environmental movements. Nature-venerating spiritualities take many forms in the Appalachian movement, including the many types of dark green religion as described by Bron Taylor. Nature-venerating spiritualities are also expressed through a vernacular nature religion, or a localized expression of care for place based out of experience and work in Appalachia. The chapter describes several points where nature-venerating spiritualities entered the anti-mountaintop removal movement.Less
This chapter examines a third thread of religious resistance to mountaintop removal, a set of perspectives broadly listed under the category of nature-venerating spiritualities. Most basically, these forms of religious responses posit some sort of intrinsic, spiritual value in natural ecosystems. They often share similarities with biocentric arguments, particularly those associated with Deep Ecology and radical environmental movements. Nature-venerating spiritualities take many forms in the Appalachian movement, including the many types of dark green religion as described by Bron Taylor. Nature-venerating spiritualities are also expressed through a vernacular nature religion, or a localized expression of care for place based out of experience and work in Appalachia. The chapter describes several points where nature-venerating spiritualities entered the anti-mountaintop removal movement.
Edwin Hirschmann
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195696226
- eISBN:
- 9780199080557
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195696226.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter discusses Knight's views on imperial issues. Despite his liberal background, Knight had not been dogmatically anti-Tory in 1876. He even wrote that he thought the Conservatives better ...
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This chapter discusses Knight's views on imperial issues. Despite his liberal background, Knight had not been dogmatically anti-Tory in 1876. He even wrote that he thought the Conservatives better for India than the Liberals. However, as the Salisbury-Lytton programme unfolded, Knight perceived, on issue after issue, that theirs was not the path to India's progress, prosperity, or self-rule. The heavy-handed rule from Westminster was evident in the Baroda verdict and the repeal of the cotton tariffs; in their contempt for the rising middle class (‘Bengali Baboos’), which fuelled the Vernacular Press Act as well as the reduced civil service opportunities; in the obsessive vendetta against Salar Jung, and in the costly campaign against an imaginary Russian threat. He would vent it all in his London paper in 1879. He realized that the Raj could no more be benevolent than the men running it.Less
This chapter discusses Knight's views on imperial issues. Despite his liberal background, Knight had not been dogmatically anti-Tory in 1876. He even wrote that he thought the Conservatives better for India than the Liberals. However, as the Salisbury-Lytton programme unfolded, Knight perceived, on issue after issue, that theirs was not the path to India's progress, prosperity, or self-rule. The heavy-handed rule from Westminster was evident in the Baroda verdict and the repeal of the cotton tariffs; in their contempt for the rising middle class (‘Bengali Baboos’), which fuelled the Vernacular Press Act as well as the reduced civil service opportunities; in the obsessive vendetta against Salar Jung, and in the costly campaign against an imaginary Russian threat. He would vent it all in his London paper in 1879. He realized that the Raj could no more be benevolent than the men running it.
Lindsay Guarino and Wendy Oliver
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813049298
- eISBN:
- 9780813050119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813049298.003.0005
- Subject:
- Music, Dance
This chapter offers a brief overview of jazz dance styles. Styles that are defined include authentic jazz dance, tap dance, club jazz dance, jazz-influenced dance, rhythm-generated jazz dance, ...
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This chapter offers a brief overview of jazz dance styles. Styles that are defined include authentic jazz dance, tap dance, club jazz dance, jazz-influenced dance, rhythm-generated jazz dance, theatrical jazz dance, Afro-Carribean jazz dance, Broadway jazz dance, classical jazz dance, commercial jazz dance, concert jazz dance, contemporary jazz dance, Latin jazz dance, lyrical jazz dance, pop jazz dance, West-coast jazz dance, vernacular jazz dance, hip-hop dance, funk, and street jazz dance. Styles are grouped in a way that suggests shared roots and aesthetic principals. Readers are encouraged to refer to this section as a glossary but to keep in mind that many of the styles fall into more than one category and can even overlap with other styles in its group.Less
This chapter offers a brief overview of jazz dance styles. Styles that are defined include authentic jazz dance, tap dance, club jazz dance, jazz-influenced dance, rhythm-generated jazz dance, theatrical jazz dance, Afro-Carribean jazz dance, Broadway jazz dance, classical jazz dance, commercial jazz dance, concert jazz dance, contemporary jazz dance, Latin jazz dance, lyrical jazz dance, pop jazz dance, West-coast jazz dance, vernacular jazz dance, hip-hop dance, funk, and street jazz dance. Styles are grouped in a way that suggests shared roots and aesthetic principals. Readers are encouraged to refer to this section as a glossary but to keep in mind that many of the styles fall into more than one category and can even overlap with other styles in its group.
Jennifer Bann and John Corbett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748643059
- eISBN:
- 9781474416085
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643059.003.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
This book is an account of the evolution of the spelling system, or orthography, of Scots, the language of lowland Scotland. Substantial written records in Scots survive from the fourteenth century ...
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This book is an account of the evolution of the spelling system, or orthography, of Scots, the language of lowland Scotland. Substantial written records in Scots survive from the fourteenth century and they are evidence of a distinctive language that was used in speech and as a language of written record in the Scottish kingdom until the end of the sixteenth century; thereafter broader written use of
Scots declined. Written Scots was, however, revived, largely as a medium for literature, in the eighteenth century, and it has been used by a very large number of poets, novelists and dramatists ever since this ‘vernacular revival’ occurred. It thrives as a literary medium today. The way in which Scots has been fashioned in writing, however, has always been characterised by a wide range of variation and diversity in spelling. The present volume surveys the main reasons for this variation and diversity historically, and suggests ways of understanding and exploring it with a view to encouraging literacy practices in Scots.Less
This book is an account of the evolution of the spelling system, or orthography, of Scots, the language of lowland Scotland. Substantial written records in Scots survive from the fourteenth century and they are evidence of a distinctive language that was used in speech and as a language of written record in the Scottish kingdom until the end of the sixteenth century; thereafter broader written use of
Scots declined. Written Scots was, however, revived, largely as a medium for literature, in the eighteenth century, and it has been used by a very large number of poets, novelists and dramatists ever since this ‘vernacular revival’ occurred. It thrives as a literary medium today. The way in which Scots has been fashioned in writing, however, has always been characterised by a wide range of variation and diversity in spelling. The present volume surveys the main reasons for this variation and diversity historically, and suggests ways of understanding and exploring it with a view to encouraging literacy practices in Scots.
Jennifer Bann and John Corbett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748643059
- eISBN:
- 9781474416085
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643059.003.0004
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
The later Older Scots period is marked by a language shift that saw a drastic reduction in the domains in which Scots was written. The corresponding shift towards the norms of written standard ...
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The later Older Scots period is marked by a language shift that saw a drastic reduction in the domains in which Scots was written. The corresponding shift towards the norms of written standard English was probably not always the result of a conscious choice on the part of Scottish writers. It is unlikely that many of those few who were literate during the Older Scots period actually thought of themselves as writing ‘Scots’ as such – it is more likely that, if they considered the issue at all, they would have considered themselves literate in the vernacular, or non-Latin, language they spoke, in the same way as a literate Englishman might also write in the vernacular tongue.Less
The later Older Scots period is marked by a language shift that saw a drastic reduction in the domains in which Scots was written. The corresponding shift towards the norms of written standard English was probably not always the result of a conscious choice on the part of Scottish writers. It is unlikely that many of those few who were literate during the Older Scots period actually thought of themselves as writing ‘Scots’ as such – it is more likely that, if they considered the issue at all, they would have considered themselves literate in the vernacular, or non-Latin, language they spoke, in the same way as a literate Englishman might also write in the vernacular tongue.
Gill Wright Miller
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813049298
- eISBN:
- 9780813050119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813049298.003.0022
- Subject:
- Music, Dance
What connects African-American concert dance and jazz dance? On the one hand, both forms derive from the same root: African vernacular dance. It is easy to identify elements of African aesthetics in ...
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What connects African-American concert dance and jazz dance? On the one hand, both forms derive from the same root: African vernacular dance. It is easy to identify elements of African aesthetics in both genres. John Perpener contends that African-American concert dance was created to “effect socio-political change for African-American people, bring together aesthetic and cultural elements that had, previously, been posed as polar opposites, forge a positive identity for black people in the midst of a hostile environment, express a contemporary ethos, and create work that was multi-vocal, articulating simultaneously different worldviews.” Jazz dance, on the other hand, has usually been seen as a form of entertainment. Pearl Primus, Talley Beatty, Alvin Ailey, Chuck Davis, Diane McIntyre, and Jawole Willa Jo Zollar are African-American concert dance artists who are discussed within the chapter.Less
What connects African-American concert dance and jazz dance? On the one hand, both forms derive from the same root: African vernacular dance. It is easy to identify elements of African aesthetics in both genres. John Perpener contends that African-American concert dance was created to “effect socio-political change for African-American people, bring together aesthetic and cultural elements that had, previously, been posed as polar opposites, forge a positive identity for black people in the midst of a hostile environment, express a contemporary ethos, and create work that was multi-vocal, articulating simultaneously different worldviews.” Jazz dance, on the other hand, has usually been seen as a form of entertainment. Pearl Primus, Talley Beatty, Alvin Ailey, Chuck Davis, Diane McIntyre, and Jawole Willa Jo Zollar are African-American concert dance artists who are discussed within the chapter.
Susie Trenka
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813049298
- eISBN:
- 9780813050119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813049298.003.0029
- Subject:
- Music, Dance
The manifold varieties of jazz dance have always dominated dance in mainstream American cinema. Given jazz dance’s African roots and its many manifestations in the African-American vernacular, it is ...
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The manifold varieties of jazz dance have always dominated dance in mainstream American cinema. Given jazz dance’s African roots and its many manifestations in the African-American vernacular, it is not surprising that its use in film almost always implicates issues of race and racism. This article looks at vernacular jazz dance in mainstream American cinema as a focal point of American race relations, focusing on two particularly influential areas of popular vernacular jazz dance: first, the authentic jazz dance developed alongside the jazz music of the 1920s to 40s and featured prominently in films of the same period; and second, the hip-hop dance which first appeared in film in the 1980s and which continues to be hugely popular in contemporary commercial cinema (as well as music television). Early jazz tap figures discussed include Bill Robinson, Jeni LeGon, and the Nicholas Brothers.Less
The manifold varieties of jazz dance have always dominated dance in mainstream American cinema. Given jazz dance’s African roots and its many manifestations in the African-American vernacular, it is not surprising that its use in film almost always implicates issues of race and racism. This article looks at vernacular jazz dance in mainstream American cinema as a focal point of American race relations, focusing on two particularly influential areas of popular vernacular jazz dance: first, the authentic jazz dance developed alongside the jazz music of the 1920s to 40s and featured prominently in films of the same period; and second, the hip-hop dance which first appeared in film in the 1980s and which continues to be hugely popular in contemporary commercial cinema (as well as music television). Early jazz tap figures discussed include Bill Robinson, Jeni LeGon, and the Nicholas Brothers.
Michèle Scott
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813049298
- eISBN:
- 9780813050119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813049298.003.0031
- Subject:
- Music, Dance
In the 1980s, a few young DJs began playing jazz music in English clubs and at all-day dance events. Jazz music, with its complex layering of rhythm and phrasing, presented a challenge to dancers ...
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In the 1980s, a few young DJs began playing jazz music in English clubs and at all-day dance events. Jazz music, with its complex layering of rhythm and phrasing, presented a challenge to dancers more familiar with disco and funk. The search for a dance style that fit the music resulted in a return to jazz dance. It is more specifically called either “street jazz” or “club jazz,” and was inspired by the rhythm tap and vernacular dance that the dancers saw in the musical films of the 1930s through 1950s. The author studied dancers at the Dingwalls club in northern London and noted that their movement included fast, intricate footwork interspersed with glides, spins, drops, splits and nerve shakes. An important group emerging from this scene was The Brothers in Jazz, a trio from northern England consisting of Wayne James, Irven Lewis, and Trevor Miller.Less
In the 1980s, a few young DJs began playing jazz music in English clubs and at all-day dance events. Jazz music, with its complex layering of rhythm and phrasing, presented a challenge to dancers more familiar with disco and funk. The search for a dance style that fit the music resulted in a return to jazz dance. It is more specifically called either “street jazz” or “club jazz,” and was inspired by the rhythm tap and vernacular dance that the dancers saw in the musical films of the 1930s through 1950s. The author studied dancers at the Dingwalls club in northern London and noted that their movement included fast, intricate footwork interspersed with glides, spins, drops, splits and nerve shakes. An important group emerging from this scene was The Brothers in Jazz, a trio from northern England consisting of Wayne James, Irven Lewis, and Trevor Miller.
Heliana Mello
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226126173
- eISBN:
- 9780226125671
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226125671.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter discusses sociohistorical and linguistic factors that might have contributed to shaping vernacular Brazilian Portuguese. Data from an Afro-Brazilian community are analysed, taking into ...
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This chapter discusses sociohistorical and linguistic factors that might have contributed to shaping vernacular Brazilian Portuguese. Data from an Afro-Brazilian community are analysed, taking into consideration divergent features in relation to standard Brazilian Portuguese which lead to the conclusion that vernacular BP is made up of a continuum of varieties, in which none can be named a creole.Less
This chapter discusses sociohistorical and linguistic factors that might have contributed to shaping vernacular Brazilian Portuguese. Data from an Afro-Brazilian community are analysed, taking into consideration divergent features in relation to standard Brazilian Portuguese which lead to the conclusion that vernacular BP is made up of a continuum of varieties, in which none can be named a creole.
