Nachman Ben-Yehuda
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199734863
- eISBN:
- 9780199895090
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734863.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Between 1948-1998 there were quite a few Jewish underground groups that preached that Israel should become a Jewish theocracy – that is, run according to the Halakha, and practiced their beliefs, ...
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Between 1948-1998 there were quite a few Jewish underground groups that preached that Israel should become a Jewish theocracy – that is, run according to the Halakha, and practiced their beliefs, many times using harsh violence. The chapter details these groups, their history, activities, rise and demise. Among such groups one finds Hamahane and Brit Hakanaim, The 1980 Jewish Underground, Keshet, The Modesty Guards, and a few other such groups. Acts by such groups included burning secular establishments like kiosks, restaurants, bus stations, harassing seculars, threats, intimidations, beatings, considering to blow up the mosques on the Temple Mount.Less
Between 1948-1998 there were quite a few Jewish underground groups that preached that Israel should become a Jewish theocracy – that is, run according to the Halakha, and practiced their beliefs, many times using harsh violence. The chapter details these groups, their history, activities, rise and demise. Among such groups one finds Hamahane and Brit Hakanaim, The 1980 Jewish Underground, Keshet, The Modesty Guards, and a few other such groups. Acts by such groups included burning secular establishments like kiosks, restaurants, bus stations, harassing seculars, threats, intimidations, beatings, considering to blow up the mosques on the Temple Mount.
Garry L. Hagberg
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199234226
- eISBN:
- 9780191715440
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199234226.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Language
This chapter talks about philosophical pictures of thinking. It details dualistic presuppositions and the metaphysically-motivated search for inner processes. Augustine's Confessions and their ...
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This chapter talks about philosophical pictures of thinking. It details dualistic presuppositions and the metaphysically-motivated search for inner processes. Augustine's Confessions and their philosophical significance are discussed. The distinction between Augustine actually reflecting on his past versus the philosophical picture of Augustine introspecting/reflecting on his past is examined. Augustine in practice, being neither a proto-behaviourist nor a dualist, is talked about and the philosophical significance of Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground and on knowing one is e.g., in pain from one's own case, is discussed. It is argued that with regard to the constitution of the self, language is anything but an afterthought.Less
This chapter talks about philosophical pictures of thinking. It details dualistic presuppositions and the metaphysically-motivated search for inner processes. Augustine's Confessions and their philosophical significance are discussed. The distinction between Augustine actually reflecting on his past versus the philosophical picture of Augustine introspecting/reflecting on his past is examined. Augustine in practice, being neither a proto-behaviourist nor a dualist, is talked about and the philosophical significance of Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground and on knowing one is e.g., in pain from one's own case, is discussed. It is argued that with regard to the constitution of the self, language is anything but an afterthought.
Joseph P. Tomain
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195333411
- eISBN:
- 9780199868841
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333411.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
The Underground Railroad, the conductors that operated it, and the fugitive slaves that it transported constitute an essential story of the conflict between man's law and higher law; it is a story ...
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The Underground Railroad, the conductors that operated it, and the fugitive slaves that it transported constitute an essential story of the conflict between man's law and higher law; it is a story about how a higher, religiously inspired, law expiated the sin of slavery contained in man's law. The story of the conflict is told through three episodes from Uncle Tom's Cabin. This chapter argues that Uncle Tom's Cabin was driven by a religious fervor to end slavery, yet that fervor gained no victories in courts of law. The positive law of the country, including the silence of the Declaration of Independence, the accommodations made in the Constitution, and the Fugitive Slave Laws enacted by Congress perpetuated a system of slavery that become intolerable to many and threatened the Union for all. The lesson of Uncle Tom's Cabin, Sim's Case, and the Reconstruction is that man's law stands strong against religion's claims, but is not impenetrable.Less
The Underground Railroad, the conductors that operated it, and the fugitive slaves that it transported constitute an essential story of the conflict between man's law and higher law; it is a story about how a higher, religiously inspired, law expiated the sin of slavery contained in man's law. The story of the conflict is told through three episodes from Uncle Tom's Cabin. This chapter argues that Uncle Tom's Cabin was driven by a religious fervor to end slavery, yet that fervor gained no victories in courts of law. The positive law of the country, including the silence of the Declaration of Independence, the accommodations made in the Constitution, and the Fugitive Slave Laws enacted by Congress perpetuated a system of slavery that become intolerable to many and threatened the Union for all. The lesson of Uncle Tom's Cabin, Sim's Case, and the Reconstruction is that man's law stands strong against religion's claims, but is not impenetrable.
Yetta Howard
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252041884
- eISBN:
- 9780252050572
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252041884.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
Ugly Differences explores queer female sexuality’s symbiotic relationship with ugliness and offers a way to see worth in ugliness as a generative category for reimagining the inhabitation of gender, ...
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Ugly Differences explores queer female sexuality’s symbiotic relationship with ugliness and offers a way to see worth in ugliness as a generative category for reimagining the inhabitation of gender, sexual, and ethnic differences. Ugliness, in this book, is a multipronged concept: it equates with the disagreeable and pejorative traits that are attributed to queerness; it aligns itself with nonwhite, nonmale, and nonheterosexual physicality and experience; and it refers to anti-aesthetic textual practices, which are located in/as underground culture. This study shows how late-twentieth- and twenty-first-century contexts of ugliness register discontent with culturally normative models of queerness and why the underground is necessary for articulating difference. Locating ugliness at the intersections of the physical, experiential, and textual, the book’s central claim is that queer female sexuality needs to be understood as ugliness and the repertoire of underground cultural practices becomes its obligatory archive. In Ugly Differences, accounting for a minoritarian queerness associated with gender, sexual, and ethnic differences requires turning to marginal forms and, as reflecting ugliness, these forms provide options outside heteronormative modes of being that open up possibilities for envisioning deeply counterintuitive domains of queer world-making.Less
Ugly Differences explores queer female sexuality’s symbiotic relationship with ugliness and offers a way to see worth in ugliness as a generative category for reimagining the inhabitation of gender, sexual, and ethnic differences. Ugliness, in this book, is a multipronged concept: it equates with the disagreeable and pejorative traits that are attributed to queerness; it aligns itself with nonwhite, nonmale, and nonheterosexual physicality and experience; and it refers to anti-aesthetic textual practices, which are located in/as underground culture. This study shows how late-twentieth- and twenty-first-century contexts of ugliness register discontent with culturally normative models of queerness and why the underground is necessary for articulating difference. Locating ugliness at the intersections of the physical, experiential, and textual, the book’s central claim is that queer female sexuality needs to be understood as ugliness and the repertoire of underground cultural practices becomes its obligatory archive. In Ugly Differences, accounting for a minoritarian queerness associated with gender, sexual, and ethnic differences requires turning to marginal forms and, as reflecting ugliness, these forms provide options outside heteronormative modes of being that open up possibilities for envisioning deeply counterintuitive domains of queer world-making.
Gulnar Francis-Dehqani
Kenneth R. Ross, Daniel Jeyaraj, and Todd M. Johnson (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781474439824
- eISBN:
- 9781474465366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474439824.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Christianity existed in the region by the end of the 5th century, though Zoroastrianism (and later Islam) remained the official religion of Iran. Islam granted dhimmis, or ‘tolerated unbelievers’, ...
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Christianity existed in the region by the end of the 5th century, though Zoroastrianism (and later Islam) remained the official religion of Iran. Islam granted dhimmis, or ‘tolerated unbelievers’, and while certain rights varied, they were always regarded as inferior to Muslim nationals. For Muslims, conversion from Islam to Christianity (or any other religion) is regarded as apostasy, both a crime and a sin. Catholic religious orders arrived in the 17th century, while the first Western missionaries arrived in 19th century. Iran saw these influences as threats to Islam, an issue that came to the fore after the 1979 Revolution. Since then, Christians have faced waves of persecution. However, the continued dissemination of bibles (and new Farsi translations) has led to dialogue and ethical engagement with Christianity. The proliferation of bibles is attributed to the house church movement, which began to grow in the late 1990’s and is conducive to the willingness of Iranians to explore Christian faith and commit to following Christ. Whichever way one looks at it, for the time being at least, despite all efforts to destroy it, Persian-speaking Christianity survives in Iran, demonstrating resilience, creativity and determination that in many ways defies Western understanding.Less
Christianity existed in the region by the end of the 5th century, though Zoroastrianism (and later Islam) remained the official religion of Iran. Islam granted dhimmis, or ‘tolerated unbelievers’, and while certain rights varied, they were always regarded as inferior to Muslim nationals. For Muslims, conversion from Islam to Christianity (or any other religion) is regarded as apostasy, both a crime and a sin. Catholic religious orders arrived in the 17th century, while the first Western missionaries arrived in 19th century. Iran saw these influences as threats to Islam, an issue that came to the fore after the 1979 Revolution. Since then, Christians have faced waves of persecution. However, the continued dissemination of bibles (and new Farsi translations) has led to dialogue and ethical engagement with Christianity. The proliferation of bibles is attributed to the house church movement, which began to grow in the late 1990’s and is conducive to the willingness of Iranians to explore Christian faith and commit to following Christ. Whichever way one looks at it, for the time being at least, despite all efforts to destroy it, Persian-speaking Christianity survives in Iran, demonstrating resilience, creativity and determination that in many ways defies Western understanding.
R. J. M. Blackett
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469608778
- eISBN:
- 9781469611792
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9781469608785_Blackett
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
The 1850 Fugitive Slave Law, which mandated action to aid in the recovery of runaway slaves and denied fugitives legal rights if they were apprehended, quickly became a focal point in the debate over ...
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The 1850 Fugitive Slave Law, which mandated action to aid in the recovery of runaway slaves and denied fugitives legal rights if they were apprehended, quickly became a focal point in the debate over the future of slavery and the nature of the union. This book uses the experiences of escaped slaves and those who aided them to explore the inner workings of the Underground Railroad and the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law, while shedding light on the political effects of slave escape in southern states, border states, and the North. It highlights the lives of those who escaped, the impact of the fugitive slave cases, and the extent to which slaves planning to escape were aided by free blacks, fellow slaves, and outsiders who went south to entice them to escape. Using these stories of particular individuals, moments, and communities, the author shows how slave flight shaped national politics as the South witnessed slavery beginning to collapse and the North experienced a threat to its freedom.Less
The 1850 Fugitive Slave Law, which mandated action to aid in the recovery of runaway slaves and denied fugitives legal rights if they were apprehended, quickly became a focal point in the debate over the future of slavery and the nature of the union. This book uses the experiences of escaped slaves and those who aided them to explore the inner workings of the Underground Railroad and the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law, while shedding light on the political effects of slave escape in southern states, border states, and the North. It highlights the lives of those who escaped, the impact of the fugitive slave cases, and the extent to which slaves planning to escape were aided by free blacks, fellow slaves, and outsiders who went south to entice them to escape. Using these stories of particular individuals, moments, and communities, the author shows how slave flight shaped national politics as the South witnessed slavery beginning to collapse and the North experienced a threat to its freedom.
Sarah Hopkins Bradford
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469607818
- eISBN:
- 9781469607832
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9781469607825_Bradford
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
In 1869, Sarah Hopkins Bradford published Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman. Though often disjointed, this account presented to the public a legendary figure of the Underground Railroad. In 1886, ...
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In 1869, Sarah Hopkins Bradford published Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman. Though often disjointed, this account presented to the public a legendary figure of the Underground Railroad. In 1886, Bradford substantially rewrote the biography at the request of Tubman, who hoped its sales would raise enough funds for the building of a hospital for old and disabled colored people. This second edition provided little new information, but arranged the jumbled narrative of Scenes in chronological order, providing a clearer account of Tubman's life.Less
In 1869, Sarah Hopkins Bradford published Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman. Though often disjointed, this account presented to the public a legendary figure of the Underground Railroad. In 1886, Bradford substantially rewrote the biography at the request of Tubman, who hoped its sales would raise enough funds for the building of a hospital for old and disabled colored people. This second edition provided little new information, but arranged the jumbled narrative of Scenes in chronological order, providing a clearer account of Tubman's life.
Yogita Goyal
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479829590
- eISBN:
- 9781479819676
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479829590.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter collides the idiom of post-blackness with the dominant genre of the neo-slave narrative in contemporary African American literature. This distinct body of work—post-black neo-slave ...
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This chapter collides the idiom of post-blackness with the dominant genre of the neo-slave narrative in contemporary African American literature. This distinct body of work—post-black neo-slave narratives—mines the historical scene of slavery in the mode of satire. Through absurd juxtapositions, surreal analogies, and farcical adventures, post-black satirists expose the contradictions of the insistence on the unending history of slavery amid declarations of a break from previous racial regimes. Viewing satire as the lens through which debates about race and postracialism articulate, the chapter explores how fictions by Paul Beatty and Mat Johnson combat the sentimental template of abolition and neo-abolition by refusing to collapse past and present. The chapter concludes with a look at what might be termed a post-black post-satire, as Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad (2016) stretches time and space to transform the slave narrative into a flexible portal to practices of exploitation worldwide.Less
This chapter collides the idiom of post-blackness with the dominant genre of the neo-slave narrative in contemporary African American literature. This distinct body of work—post-black neo-slave narratives—mines the historical scene of slavery in the mode of satire. Through absurd juxtapositions, surreal analogies, and farcical adventures, post-black satirists expose the contradictions of the insistence on the unending history of slavery amid declarations of a break from previous racial regimes. Viewing satire as the lens through which debates about race and postracialism articulate, the chapter explores how fictions by Paul Beatty and Mat Johnson combat the sentimental template of abolition and neo-abolition by refusing to collapse past and present. The chapter concludes with a look at what might be termed a post-black post-satire, as Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad (2016) stretches time and space to transform the slave narrative into a flexible portal to practices of exploitation worldwide.
Mekala Audain
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780813056036
- eISBN:
- 9780813053806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
In the mid-1850s, Texas slaveholders estimated that some 4,000 fugitive slaves had escaped south to Mexico. This chapter broadly examines the process in which runaway slaves from Texas escaped to ...
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In the mid-1850s, Texas slaveholders estimated that some 4,000 fugitive slaves had escaped south to Mexico. This chapter broadly examines the process in which runaway slaves from Texas escaped to Mexico. Specifically, it explores how they learned about freedom south of the border, the types of supplies they gathered for their escape attempts, and the ways in which Texas’s vast landscape shaped their experiences. It argues that the routes that led fugitive slaves to freedom in Mexico were a part of a precarious southern Underground Railroad, but one that operated in the absence of formal networks or a well-organized abolitionist movement. The chapter centers on fugitive slaves’ efforts toward self-emancipation and navigate contested spaces of slavery and freedom with little assistance and under difficult conditions. It sheds new light on the history of runaway slaves by examining the ways in which American westward expansion and the U.S.-Mexico borderlands shaped the fugitive slave experience in the nineteenth century.Less
In the mid-1850s, Texas slaveholders estimated that some 4,000 fugitive slaves had escaped south to Mexico. This chapter broadly examines the process in which runaway slaves from Texas escaped to Mexico. Specifically, it explores how they learned about freedom south of the border, the types of supplies they gathered for their escape attempts, and the ways in which Texas’s vast landscape shaped their experiences. It argues that the routes that led fugitive slaves to freedom in Mexico were a part of a precarious southern Underground Railroad, but one that operated in the absence of formal networks or a well-organized abolitionist movement. The chapter centers on fugitive slaves’ efforts toward self-emancipation and navigate contested spaces of slavery and freedom with little assistance and under difficult conditions. It sheds new light on the history of runaway slaves by examining the ways in which American westward expansion and the U.S.-Mexico borderlands shaped the fugitive slave experience in the nineteenth century.
Cheryl Janifer LaRoche
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038044
- eISBN:
- 9780252095894
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038044.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This enlightening study employs the tools of archaeology to uncover a new historical perspective on the Underground Railroad. Unlike previous histories of the Underground Railroad, which have focused ...
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This enlightening study employs the tools of archaeology to uncover a new historical perspective on the Underground Railroad. Unlike previous histories of the Underground Railroad, which have focused on frightened fugitive slaves and their benevolent abolitionist accomplices, this book focuses instead on free African American communities, the crucial help they provided to individuals fleeing slavery, and the terrain where those flights to freedom occurred. This book foregrounds several small, rural hamlets on the treacherous southern edge of the free North in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It demonstrates how landscape features such as waterways, iron forges, and caves played a key role in the conduct and effectiveness of the Underground Railroad. Rich in oral histories, maps, memoirs, and archaeological investigations, this examination of the “geography of resistance” tells the new, powerful, and inspiring story of African Americans ensuring their own liberation in the midst of oppression.Less
This enlightening study employs the tools of archaeology to uncover a new historical perspective on the Underground Railroad. Unlike previous histories of the Underground Railroad, which have focused on frightened fugitive slaves and their benevolent abolitionist accomplices, this book focuses instead on free African American communities, the crucial help they provided to individuals fleeing slavery, and the terrain where those flights to freedom occurred. This book foregrounds several small, rural hamlets on the treacherous southern edge of the free North in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It demonstrates how landscape features such as waterways, iron forges, and caves played a key role in the conduct and effectiveness of the Underground Railroad. Rich in oral histories, maps, memoirs, and archaeological investigations, this examination of the “geography of resistance” tells the new, powerful, and inspiring story of African Americans ensuring their own liberation in the midst of oppression.
Barbara Maria Stafford
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226630489
- eISBN:
- 9780226630656
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226630656.003.0009
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
We tend to associate wonder with the extension of the senses and the explosion of curiosity characteristic of the Scientific Revolution. This intellectual energy and optimism was connected to the ...
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We tend to associate wonder with the extension of the senses and the explosion of curiosity characteristic of the Scientific Revolution. This intellectual energy and optimism was connected to the relentless drive to experiment typical of the Early-Modern Period. The emergence, dissemination, and rapid diversification of a stunning range of optical instruments—especially during the seventeenth-and eighteenth-centuries-- revealed an immense and silent universe above as well as an animated ground-level panorama whose organic action-art was fleetingly captured, if not accounted for, through equally remarkable technology. This essay turns to a raw, less apparent phenomenon. It recounts the personal experience of descending into an abandoned Colorado gold mine at dusk. This sensation of a darker wonder also occurs in sunless caves, caverns, grottoes, karsts. Such experiences of saturated blackness are often accompanied by hallucinatory visions, stimulated by our literally -embedded primal consciousness confronting an inscrutable self-organizing matter.Less
We tend to associate wonder with the extension of the senses and the explosion of curiosity characteristic of the Scientific Revolution. This intellectual energy and optimism was connected to the relentless drive to experiment typical of the Early-Modern Period. The emergence, dissemination, and rapid diversification of a stunning range of optical instruments—especially during the seventeenth-and eighteenth-centuries-- revealed an immense and silent universe above as well as an animated ground-level panorama whose organic action-art was fleetingly captured, if not accounted for, through equally remarkable technology. This essay turns to a raw, less apparent phenomenon. It recounts the personal experience of descending into an abandoned Colorado gold mine at dusk. This sensation of a darker wonder also occurs in sunless caves, caverns, grottoes, karsts. Such experiences of saturated blackness are often accompanied by hallucinatory visions, stimulated by our literally -embedded primal consciousness confronting an inscrutable self-organizing matter.
Sara Rzeszutek Haviland
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813166254
- eISBN:
- 9780813166735
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813166254.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
Jack continued his activist work while he was underground, only covertly. After his 1951 indictment, he wrote for Communist Party publications under a pseudonym, critiquing the Party’s position on ...
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Jack continued his activist work while he was underground, only covertly. After his 1951 indictment, he wrote for Communist Party publications under a pseudonym, critiquing the Party’s position on race and relationship with mainstream civil rights leaders. His work underground became central in the Party’s revision of its official position on the Negro Question in 1959. Jack also used his trial in 1956 as an opportunity to defend his communism by tying it to his role in the black freedom movement, and his legal strategy illustrates connections and collaboration among lawyers, activists, and thinkers of a range of political viewpoints.Less
Jack continued his activist work while he was underground, only covertly. After his 1951 indictment, he wrote for Communist Party publications under a pseudonym, critiquing the Party’s position on race and relationship with mainstream civil rights leaders. His work underground became central in the Party’s revision of its official position on the Negro Question in 1959. Jack also used his trial in 1956 as an opportunity to defend his communism by tying it to his role in the black freedom movement, and his legal strategy illustrates connections and collaboration among lawyers, activists, and thinkers of a range of political viewpoints.
Saida Hodžić
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520291980
- eISBN:
- 9780520965577
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520291980.003.0009
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
The Epilogue returns to the politics of knowledge about cutting that disavows its endings – not only in Ghana, but across the African continent and in the global North. Having shown that debates ...
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The Epilogue returns to the politics of knowledge about cutting that disavows its endings – not only in Ghana, but across the African continent and in the global North. Having shown that debates about knowledge have practical consequences, I point to the scholarly and political work that lies ahead.Less
The Epilogue returns to the politics of knowledge about cutting that disavows its endings – not only in Ghana, but across the African continent and in the global North. Having shown that debates about knowledge have practical consequences, I point to the scholarly and political work that lies ahead.
Jeremy Grimshaw
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199740208
- eISBN:
- 9780199918713
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740208.003.0004
- Subject:
- Music, History, American, Theory, Analysis, Composition
This chapter examines how, in the 1960s, Young made the transformation from brash enfant terrible to musical mystic. It also explores how the development of Young’s mystical persona coincided with ...
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This chapter examines how, in the 1960s, Young made the transformation from brash enfant terrible to musical mystic. It also explores how the development of Young’s mystical persona coincided with several important musical developments, including: his creation of The Four Dreams of China, his adoption of just intonation or ratio-based tuning, his involvement in the psychedelic scene, and his study with North Indian vocal master Pandit Pran Nath. Particular attention is paid to The Tortoise, His Dreams and Journeys and the activities of The Theatre of Eternal Music, the compositions associated with this ensemble, and the contentions that arose among members of the ensemble, particularly Tony Conrad and John Cale (later famous as a member of the Velvet Underground), regarding issues of authorship and authority. This chapter also follows Young’s study of North Indian classical music beyond the years of his study with Pran Nath into the present day and examines the activities of The Just Alap Raga Ensemble and Young’s protégé, Jung Hee Choi.Less
This chapter examines how, in the 1960s, Young made the transformation from brash enfant terrible to musical mystic. It also explores how the development of Young’s mystical persona coincided with several important musical developments, including: his creation of The Four Dreams of China, his adoption of just intonation or ratio-based tuning, his involvement in the psychedelic scene, and his study with North Indian vocal master Pandit Pran Nath. Particular attention is paid to The Tortoise, His Dreams and Journeys and the activities of The Theatre of Eternal Music, the compositions associated with this ensemble, and the contentions that arose among members of the ensemble, particularly Tony Conrad and John Cale (later famous as a member of the Velvet Underground), regarding issues of authorship and authority. This chapter also follows Young’s study of North Indian classical music beyond the years of his study with Pran Nath into the present day and examines the activities of The Just Alap Raga Ensemble and Young’s protégé, Jung Hee Choi.
Reuven Firestone
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199860302
- eISBN:
- 9780199950621
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199860302.003.0016
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Kook symbolized and crystallized a trend that was developing organically in religious Zionism. He was uncompromising on the essentials of a messianic form of Zionism and popularized ...
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Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Kook symbolized and crystallized a trend that was developing organically in religious Zionism. He was uncompromising on the essentials of a messianic form of Zionism and popularized a combination of ultra-Orthodox absolutism with an ideology of human activism inherent in modern nationalist movements. This equation produced a militant nationalist messianism (or messianic nationalism). Kook considered the Three Vows to have been cancelled and taught that with God's sanction, the Jewish nation is on the final and inexorable path to divine redemption through building up the Land of Israel – all of the Land of Israel. God not only sanctions this redemptive moment of history but decrees it. Any compromise is a renunciation of the divine plan and a violation of God’s will. The movement that crystallized around Rabbi Kook actually carried the previously moderated and often unspoken messianic ideals of Religious Zionism to their logical conclusion, which resulted in a new contextualization and modern articulation of Jewish holy war.Less
Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Kook symbolized and crystallized a trend that was developing organically in religious Zionism. He was uncompromising on the essentials of a messianic form of Zionism and popularized a combination of ultra-Orthodox absolutism with an ideology of human activism inherent in modern nationalist movements. This equation produced a militant nationalist messianism (or messianic nationalism). Kook considered the Three Vows to have been cancelled and taught that with God's sanction, the Jewish nation is on the final and inexorable path to divine redemption through building up the Land of Israel – all of the Land of Israel. God not only sanctions this redemptive moment of history but decrees it. Any compromise is a renunciation of the divine plan and a violation of God’s will. The movement that crystallized around Rabbi Kook actually carried the previously moderated and often unspoken messianic ideals of Religious Zionism to their logical conclusion, which resulted in a new contextualization and modern articulation of Jewish holy war.
Srila Roy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198081722
- eISBN:
- 9780199082223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198081722.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
The chapter outlines the ways in which revolutionary femininity was lived in the everyday underground life of the movement. It begins with women’s discussions of their political labour that ...
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The chapter outlines the ways in which revolutionary femininity was lived in the everyday underground life of the movement. It begins with women’s discussions of their political labour that underscored the politics of their marginalization from key political tasks. Women’s narratives relate some of the implications of women entering spaces from which they have been traditionally excluded. The discussion also identifies the violence of everyday underground life, which continues to be buried beneath a mythic narrative of fugitive life. Focusing on acts of interpersonal aggression at the micro-level that are gendered but not always sexualized, the chapter suggests the need for an expansion of the category of gendered violence in the context of revolutionary politics. It ends by exploring women’s responses to the political use of violence, drawing attention to how changed political and ethical commitments of the present day shape their memory and understanding of this contentious past.Less
The chapter outlines the ways in which revolutionary femininity was lived in the everyday underground life of the movement. It begins with women’s discussions of their political labour that underscored the politics of their marginalization from key political tasks. Women’s narratives relate some of the implications of women entering spaces from which they have been traditionally excluded. The discussion also identifies the violence of everyday underground life, which continues to be buried beneath a mythic narrative of fugitive life. Focusing on acts of interpersonal aggression at the micro-level that are gendered but not always sexualized, the chapter suggests the need for an expansion of the category of gendered violence in the context of revolutionary politics. It ends by exploring women’s responses to the political use of violence, drawing attention to how changed political and ethical commitments of the present day shape their memory and understanding of this contentious past.
Thomas Jeannot
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823239825
- eISBN:
- 9780823239863
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823239825.003.0011
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
In this chapter, Jeannot interrogates Berrigan on his theory and practice of civil disobedience. Using Rawls’s theory of civil disobedience in a Theory of Justice as a foil, Jeannot argues that ...
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In this chapter, Jeannot interrogates Berrigan on his theory and practice of civil disobedience. Using Rawls’s theory of civil disobedience in a Theory of Justice as a foil, Jeannot argues that Berrigan underground, fleeing the authorities after the trial of the Catnonsville Nine, cannot be accommodated to the American narrative after the fashion of Thoreau in Walden Pond. We must understand Berrigan along the path of a via negativa as defying the best American traditions of civil disobedience and their philosophical justifications. He must disturb us in the way that he disturbed a sober and thoughtful Robert Coles. Hazy evocations of Thoreau, or Gandhi, or King will not suffice. What is required indeed, if we are to take his great refusal seriously, is a clear grasp of the liberal doctrine he negated, of which the best contemporary version is Rawls.Less
In this chapter, Jeannot interrogates Berrigan on his theory and practice of civil disobedience. Using Rawls’s theory of civil disobedience in a Theory of Justice as a foil, Jeannot argues that Berrigan underground, fleeing the authorities after the trial of the Catnonsville Nine, cannot be accommodated to the American narrative after the fashion of Thoreau in Walden Pond. We must understand Berrigan along the path of a via negativa as defying the best American traditions of civil disobedience and their philosophical justifications. He must disturb us in the way that he disturbed a sober and thoughtful Robert Coles. Hazy evocations of Thoreau, or Gandhi, or King will not suffice. What is required indeed, if we are to take his great refusal seriously, is a clear grasp of the liberal doctrine he negated, of which the best contemporary version is Rawls.
Sandra Jean Graham
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780252041631
- eISBN:
- 9780252050305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252041631.003.0007
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
Stage productions of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) were a staple of theaters across the United States well into the twentieth century. In 1876, after jubilee troupes had ...
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Stage productions of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) were a staple of theaters across the United States well into the twentieth century. In 1876, after jubilee troupes had become a national craze, George Howard and his wife Caroline added a jubilee troupe to their stage production, setting off a new trend. Soon jubilee singers were a prerequisite for every “Tom” production. This chapter examines the role of black singers in the show, using Howard’s revision of George Aiken’s script as well as reviews, and lists the spirituals used in the initial productions. A symbiosis between Tom shows and jubilee troupes developed, with jubilee troupes increasingly adding ethnographic portrayals of slave life to their concerts. Soon other plays that had a more tangential relation to plantation life (or none at all) began incorporating jubilee singers. Meantime, the Hyers sisters and Elizabeth Hopkins mounted musical plays that incorporated spirituals as well as cultivated music. Minstrel managers attempted a new level of “verisimilitude” in theatrical representations of slave life and music, constructing outdoor plantations and holding performances in slave cabins and cotton fields, as well as on nearby stages.
Less
Stage productions of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) were a staple of theaters across the United States well into the twentieth century. In 1876, after jubilee troupes had become a national craze, George Howard and his wife Caroline added a jubilee troupe to their stage production, setting off a new trend. Soon jubilee singers were a prerequisite for every “Tom” production. This chapter examines the role of black singers in the show, using Howard’s revision of George Aiken’s script as well as reviews, and lists the spirituals used in the initial productions. A symbiosis between Tom shows and jubilee troupes developed, with jubilee troupes increasingly adding ethnographic portrayals of slave life to their concerts. Soon other plays that had a more tangential relation to plantation life (or none at all) began incorporating jubilee singers. Meantime, the Hyers sisters and Elizabeth Hopkins mounted musical plays that incorporated spirituals as well as cultivated music. Minstrel managers attempted a new level of “verisimilitude” in theatrical representations of slave life and music, constructing outdoor plantations and holding performances in slave cabins and cotton fields, as well as on nearby stages.
Nicholas Mee
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198851950
- eISBN:
- 9780191886690
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198851950.003.0022
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
Topology is the study of the most fundamental characteristics of shape—the properties that are unaltered when bodies are stretched, twisted, or otherwise distorted. The London Underground map, ...
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Topology is the study of the most fundamental characteristics of shape—the properties that are unaltered when bodies are stretched, twisted, or otherwise distorted. The London Underground map, originally devised by Harry Beck, is an everyday application of topology. Topology is often described as rubber-sheet geometry. Any two objects that can be transformed into each other by stretching, bending, and twisting are considered to be topologically equivalent as long as no tearing or gluing is required to transform one into the other. Chapter 21 explains topology by looking at some of the surfaces that can be formed by stretching and gluing the edges of a rectangle: the Möbius strip, the Klein bottle, and the torus.Less
Topology is the study of the most fundamental characteristics of shape—the properties that are unaltered when bodies are stretched, twisted, or otherwise distorted. The London Underground map, originally devised by Harry Beck, is an everyday application of topology. Topology is often described as rubber-sheet geometry. Any two objects that can be transformed into each other by stretching, bending, and twisting are considered to be topologically equivalent as long as no tearing or gluing is required to transform one into the other. Chapter 21 explains topology by looking at some of the surfaces that can be formed by stretching and gluing the edges of a rectangle: the Möbius strip, the Klein bottle, and the torus.
Christopher Gair
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748619887
- eISBN:
- 9780748671137
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748619887.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
In the concluding chapter, the focus remains on Hollywood representations of the counterculture. The chapter suggests, however, that from the mid-1960s, many counterculture-inflected actors, ...
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In the concluding chapter, the focus remains on Hollywood representations of the counterculture. The chapter suggests, however, that from the mid-1960s, many counterculture-inflected actors, directors and producers shape far more nuanced representations of the counterculture than had occurred in the 1950s. While the chapter’s focus is on Woodstock, Deliverance and Easy Rider, attention is also paid to independent filmmaking by Sam Brakhage, Andy Warhol and others.Less
In the concluding chapter, the focus remains on Hollywood representations of the counterculture. The chapter suggests, however, that from the mid-1960s, many counterculture-inflected actors, directors and producers shape far more nuanced representations of the counterculture than had occurred in the 1950s. While the chapter’s focus is on Woodstock, Deliverance and Easy Rider, attention is also paid to independent filmmaking by Sam Brakhage, Andy Warhol and others.
