M. Hakan Yavuz
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- August 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780197512289
- eISBN:
- 9780197512319
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197512289.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History, Political History
This chapter examines the origins, meaning, and failure of Ottomanism as a state-centric identity. The initial questions include, What are the key causes of the longing for the Ottoman Empire? What ...
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This chapter examines the origins, meaning, and failure of Ottomanism as a state-centric identity. The initial questions include, What are the key causes of the longing for the Ottoman Empire? What are the social implications of nostalgia for the past? What explains the current wave of Ottoman romanticism? This chapter argues that nostalgia in this instance is a bottom-up phenomenon. It traces the changing meaning of Ottomanism by exploring its historical origins in the second half of the 19th century. The chapter follows the Tanzimat Reforms of 1839 and the inevitable decline of the Ottoman Empire. The idea of Ottomanism as a new state-centric identity to unify diverse ethnic and religious groups was promoted by a small Westernizing elite, known as the Young Ottomans. The chapter’s closing question is, What was the purpose of creating a new state-centric Ottoman identity?Less
This chapter examines the origins, meaning, and failure of Ottomanism as a state-centric identity. The initial questions include, What are the key causes of the longing for the Ottoman Empire? What are the social implications of nostalgia for the past? What explains the current wave of Ottoman romanticism? This chapter argues that nostalgia in this instance is a bottom-up phenomenon. It traces the changing meaning of Ottomanism by exploring its historical origins in the second half of the 19th century. The chapter follows the Tanzimat Reforms of 1839 and the inevitable decline of the Ottoman Empire. The idea of Ottomanism as a new state-centric identity to unify diverse ethnic and religious groups was promoted by a small Westernizing elite, known as the Young Ottomans. The chapter’s closing question is, What was the purpose of creating a new state-centric Ottoman identity?
Darin Stephanov
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474441414
- eISBN:
- 9781474460255
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474441414.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
‘What do we really speak of when we speak of the modern ethno-national mindset and where shall we search for its roots?’
This is the central question of a book arguing that the periodic ceremonial ...
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‘What do we really speak of when we speak of the modern ethno-national mindset and where shall we search for its roots?’
This is the central question of a book arguing that the periodic ceremonial intrusion into the everyday lives of people across the Ottoman Empire, which the annual royal birthday and accession-day celebrations constituted, had multiple, far-reaching, and largely unexplored consequences. On the one hand, it brought ordinary subjects into symbolic contact with the monarch and forged lasting vertical ties of loyalty to him, irrespective of language, location, creed or class. On the other hand, the rounds of royal celebration played a key role in the creation of new types of horizontal ties and ethnic group consciousness that crystallized into national movements, and, after the empire’s demise, national monarchies.
The book discusses the themes of public space/sphere, the Tanzimat reforms, millet, modernity, nationalism, governmentality, and the modern state, among others. It offers a new, thirteen-point model of modern belonging based on the concept of ruler visibility.Less
‘What do we really speak of when we speak of the modern ethno-national mindset and where shall we search for its roots?’
This is the central question of a book arguing that the periodic ceremonial intrusion into the everyday lives of people across the Ottoman Empire, which the annual royal birthday and accession-day celebrations constituted, had multiple, far-reaching, and largely unexplored consequences. On the one hand, it brought ordinary subjects into symbolic contact with the monarch and forged lasting vertical ties of loyalty to him, irrespective of language, location, creed or class. On the other hand, the rounds of royal celebration played a key role in the creation of new types of horizontal ties and ethnic group consciousness that crystallized into national movements, and, after the empire’s demise, national monarchies.
The book discusses the themes of public space/sphere, the Tanzimat reforms, millet, modernity, nationalism, governmentality, and the modern state, among others. It offers a new, thirteen-point model of modern belonging based on the concept of ruler visibility.
Ekmeleddİn İhsanoğlu
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190051556
- eISBN:
- 9780190051587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190051556.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam, Religion and Society
In this Epilogue the history of the Darülfünun is analytically discussed from the Ottoman modernization point of view started by Tanzimat reforms and as a pinnacal element of its public education ...
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In this Epilogue the history of the Darülfünun is analytically discussed from the Ottoman modernization point of view started by Tanzimat reforms and as a pinnacal element of its public education policy. Attention is drawn to a noticeable parallel between the development of the Ottoman University and the process of the evolution of European university to industrial development posited by Fritz K. Ringer; accordingly the establishment of Darülfünun belongs to an “early industrial phase.” However, as was the case in Europe during the early industrial phase, there was in fact little connection between higher education and economic life. The Ottoman case followed a pattern of development similar to that in France and Germany, where the educational system served the needs of growing government bureaucracies, and these bureaucracies eventually did take an interest in both technological programs and economic development.Less
In this Epilogue the history of the Darülfünun is analytically discussed from the Ottoman modernization point of view started by Tanzimat reforms and as a pinnacal element of its public education policy. Attention is drawn to a noticeable parallel between the development of the Ottoman University and the process of the evolution of European university to industrial development posited by Fritz K. Ringer; accordingly the establishment of Darülfünun belongs to an “early industrial phase.” However, as was the case in Europe during the early industrial phase, there was in fact little connection between higher education and economic life. The Ottoman case followed a pattern of development similar to that in France and Germany, where the educational system served the needs of growing government bureaucracies, and these bureaucracies eventually did take an interest in both technological programs and economic development.
Larry Wolff
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780804795777
- eISBN:
- 9780804799652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804795777.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter considers European opera after Rossini and the waning presence of Turkish figures and themes in nineteenth-century opera. Ottoman reform under Mahmud II and Abdülmecid I (including the ...
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This chapter considers European opera after Rossini and the waning presence of Turkish figures and themes in nineteenth-century opera. Ottoman reform under Mahmud II and Abdülmecid I (including the reform of Ottoman music, led by “Donizetti Pasha,” the brother of the famous composer), brought about some cultural convergence with Europe. At the same time the modern Eastern Question transformed European-Ottoman relations into an unoperatic calculus of the balance of power, and introduced modern European colonialism in the Ottoman lands, beginning with the French seizure of Algeria in 1830. The presence of the singing Turk in the operatic repertory became less and less viable, as was notably apparent in the cases of Verdi’s I Lombardi and Il Corsaro in the 1840s. The chapter concludes by observing subliminal traces of Turkishness in the modern operatic repertory without Turks and the lingering presence of Turkishness in ballet and operetta.Less
This chapter considers European opera after Rossini and the waning presence of Turkish figures and themes in nineteenth-century opera. Ottoman reform under Mahmud II and Abdülmecid I (including the reform of Ottoman music, led by “Donizetti Pasha,” the brother of the famous composer), brought about some cultural convergence with Europe. At the same time the modern Eastern Question transformed European-Ottoman relations into an unoperatic calculus of the balance of power, and introduced modern European colonialism in the Ottoman lands, beginning with the French seizure of Algeria in 1830. The presence of the singing Turk in the operatic repertory became less and less viable, as was notably apparent in the cases of Verdi’s I Lombardi and Il Corsaro in the 1840s. The chapter concludes by observing subliminal traces of Turkishness in the modern operatic repertory without Turks and the lingering presence of Turkishness in ballet and operetta.
Sonia Tamar Seeman
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- February 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780199949243
- eISBN:
- 9780190908294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199949243.003.0004
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter focuses on the relationship between Ottoman social order and urban popular culture. Social upheavals contributed to the intensified display of the çingene stereotype, with the çingene ...
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This chapter focuses on the relationship between Ottoman social order and urban popular culture. Social upheavals contributed to the intensified display of the çingene stereotype, with the çingene representing the experience of social marginalization. Playing out the anxieties of urban audiences as they confronted problems of modernity, urbanism, social disruption, and moral decay, the stereotypical figure of the çingene remained consistent from the late nineteenth century to the 1990s. A discussion of the dramatic nineteenth century Tanzimat reforms is followed by analyses of çingene characters in karagöz shadow puppetry, kanto theatrical songs, and Ottoman literature. The çingene was portrayed in two irreconcilable types: as an essentialized, nomad in pastoral rural settings; as the polluted degenerate and potentially contagious agent of urban chaos, social disorder, and moral decadence. By portraying the “çingene” as the quintessential “other” among an array of diverse social types, these forms rendered the anxiety-producing urban social landscape in stark relief.Less
This chapter focuses on the relationship between Ottoman social order and urban popular culture. Social upheavals contributed to the intensified display of the çingene stereotype, with the çingene representing the experience of social marginalization. Playing out the anxieties of urban audiences as they confronted problems of modernity, urbanism, social disruption, and moral decay, the stereotypical figure of the çingene remained consistent from the late nineteenth century to the 1990s. A discussion of the dramatic nineteenth century Tanzimat reforms is followed by analyses of çingene characters in karagöz shadow puppetry, kanto theatrical songs, and Ottoman literature. The çingene was portrayed in two irreconcilable types: as an essentialized, nomad in pastoral rural settings; as the polluted degenerate and potentially contagious agent of urban chaos, social disorder, and moral decadence. By portraying the “çingene” as the quintessential “other” among an array of diverse social types, these forms rendered the anxiety-producing urban social landscape in stark relief.
