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Black Friday

Stephen G. Craft

in American Justice In Taiwan: The 1957 Riots and Cold War Foreign Policy

Chapter 9 describes the events of May 24, following Reynolds's controversial acquittal. After Liu's widow, Ao Tehua, arrived in front of the American embassy gates, protesting the verdict and ... More

Chapter 9 describes the events of May 24, following Reynolds's controversial acquittal. After Liu's widow, Ao Tehua, arrived in front of the American embassy gates, protesting the verdict and demanding full compensation, her supporters flocked to her side. By mid-afternoon the protest developed into an “angry mob” that was violently anti-American. Throughout the day, nine waves of rioters attacked the embassy, threw stones, and scaled the walls, causing the Taipei Garrison Command to call for backup. While Chinese workers were permitted safe exit, Americans were pursued by the mob. Meanwhile, the hostilities increased once the mob learned that Reynolds had left Taipei with his family earlier that day, thus giving the appearance of fleeing. After the crowd ransacked the embassy, it then attacked MAAG's communication facilities and Municipal Police Headquarters. By the end of the day, the ROC had announced a state of emergency in Taipei and imposed martial law as Chinese troops arrived. Many wondered how the riots of Black Friday would impact U.S. policy in Taiwan and its world alliances.Less

Conclusion

Sonny Shiu-Hing Lo

in The Dynamics of Beijing-Hong Kong Relations: A Model for Taiwan?

This chapter concludes that mainlandization of HKSAR is inevitable because of the rapid globalization of China and because of the political correctness of Beijing's clientelist rulers and supporters ... More

This chapter concludes that mainlandization of HKSAR is inevitable because of the rapid globalization of China and because of the political correctness of Beijing's clientelist rulers and supporters in Hong Kong. And while Hong Kong's “one country, two systems” proved to be turbulent and marked by political mainlandization and convergence with the People's Republic of China, the spirit of HKSAR “one country, two systems” can be creatively applied to resolve and bring about change in the political relationship between Beijing and Taipei.Less

Mixing Memory and Desire

Mahlon Meyer

in Remembering China from Taiwan: Divided Families and Bittersweet Reunions after the Chinese Civil War

Recounts nationalist soldiers and civilians, in defeat, realizing they are stuck on Taiwan and their attempts to mingle with locals, marry and make a place for themselves amidst the dread of loss and ... More

Recounts nationalist soldiers and civilians, in defeat, realizing they are stuck on Taiwan and their attempts to mingle with locals, marry and make a place for themselves amidst the dread of loss and isolation from their place in history.Less

Taipei as Shinjuku’s Other

Emilie Yueh-yu Yeh

in Cinema at the City's Edge

Mukokuseki (literally, “nation-less”), is the practice of crossing, hybridization, and co-production. This chapter focuses on the concept of mukokuseki in the spatial imagination of Japanese gangster ... More

Mukokuseki (literally, “nation-less”), is the practice of crossing, hybridization, and co-production. This chapter focuses on the concept of mukokuseki in the spatial imagination of Japanese gangster films or the yakuza genre, with a focus on the representation of Taipei. It consists of three parts: mukokuseki as a mode of production and urban representation; Taipei as an ambivalent site for mukokuseki ventures; and finally, Taiwan New Cinema scenes as desirable locations/edges for the stylistic reorientation of contemporary Japanese cinema.Less

Collective Action toward a Sustainable City: Citizens’ Movements and Environmental Politics in Taipei

Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao and Liu Hwa-Jen

in Livable Cities?: Urban Struggles for Livelihood and Sustainability

This chapter presents two stories of community mobilization in Taipei: defending living space and birth of a five-hectare city park, Nos. 14–15 Park. These two vignettes show both the successes and ... More

This chapter presents two stories of community mobilization in Taipei: defending living space and birth of a five-hectare city park, Nos. 14–15 Park. These two vignettes show both the successes and failures of urban environmental activism in Taiwan's capital city, Taipei. It also attempts to discuss the pattern of development to which the protesters were reacting. It then reviews the varieties of community-based environmental activism during the eighties and nineties and its impact on environmental policies. The issue raised by the two vignettes is addressed: the relationship between sustainability and social justice. In the process of struggle, local communities have served as agents of environmental action. The responsiveness of both the national and municipal governments has proven the political efficacy of community action. The idea that the improvement of the urban environment cannot be divorced from the realization of social justice must become a more integral part of movement ideology.Less

The Diplomatic Battle between the Two Chinas

Taomo Zhou

in Migration in the Time of Revolution: China, Indonesia, and the Cold War

This chapter details how, with the People's Republic of China winning Mainland China and the diplomatic recognition of Indonesia, the positions of the Nationalists and Communists reversed. Having ... More

This chapter details how, with the People's Republic of China winning Mainland China and the diplomatic recognition of Indonesia, the positions of the Nationalists and Communists reversed. Having switched diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing, Jakarta nevertheless allowed the Chinese Nationalist Party apparatus to continue its activities until 1958. Jakarta's ambiguous attitude induced a battle for influence between the two rival Chinese governments. As a regime in exile, the Chinese Nationalist government adjusted its past policies to fit the new circumstances resulting from its retreat to Taiwan. Having lost formal diplomatic representation, the Nationalists forged clandestine alliances with the Indonesian right-wing forces through the personal networks of the remaining Chinese Nationalist loyalists. In contrast with Taipei, Beijing prioritized state-to-state diplomacy over its connections to the overseas Chinese. By suspending the activities of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) among the overseas Chinese and signing the Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty, Beijing attempted to ease Jakarta's concern that the ethnic Chinese could be used as a Communist fifth column.Less

The Communal Battle between the Red and the Blue

Taomo Zhou

in Migration in the Time of Revolution: China, Indonesia, and the Cold War

This chapter illustrates the complex issue of citizenship facing the ethnic Chinese as well as the raging competition between pro-Beijing and pro-Taipei factions in the diasporic community. By ... More

This chapter illustrates the complex issue of citizenship facing the ethnic Chinese as well as the raging competition between pro-Beijing and pro-Taipei factions in the diasporic community. By signing the 1955 Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty, Beijing hoped to encourage the assimilation of the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia and clear the way for the future development of bilateral relations. The treaty marked two fundamental changes. First, Beijing announced that Chinese nationality could no longer be inherited indefinitely and unconditionally through the law of blood. Second, Jakarta no longer automatically recognized all local-born Chinese as Indonesian citizens. Instead, individuals had to take active legal action to acquire Indonesian citizenship if they desired to do so. Yet, due to misinformation, the shortage of legal services, and the inefficiency of Indonesian bureaucracy, hundreds of thousands of ethnic Chinese lost their Indonesian citizenship even though they planned to continue living in Indonesia. Moreover, despite Beijing calling upon the ethnic Chinese to “correct the deep-rooted feelings of racial superiority” and not to regard opting for Indonesian citizenship as “losing face,” many still purposefully repudiated Indonesian citizenship. The chapter then looks at how the pro-People's Republic of China bloc launched aggressive attacks against their pro-Republic of China rivals for control over Chinese-language media, civic associations, and Chinese-medium schools.Less

Four Asian Tigers

Geok Chin Ivy Tan, John Chi-Kin Lee, Tzuchau Chang, and Chankook Kim

Alex Russ and Marianne E. Krasny (eds)

in Urban Environmental Education Review

This chapter describes innovative approaches, both within schools and across multiple sectors, to urban environmental education in the highly urbanized environments of Singapore, Hong Kong, Taipei, ... More

This chapter describes innovative approaches, both within schools and across multiple sectors, to urban environmental education in the highly urbanized environments of Singapore, Hong Kong, Taipei, and Seoul. Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea—the so-called “Four Asian Tigers”—pursued aggressive industrialization to boost economic growth, resulting in rapid urbanization. Today their cities are faced with acute urban problems. As each of these highly urbanized cities faces the complex challenges that come with development, they turned to urban environmental education to foster environmental awareness and environmentally responsible behaviors. The chapter examines the strategies adopted by Singapore, Hong Kong, Taipei, and Seoul, such as integrating environmental education into the school curriculum, inquiry-based field trips, technology, partnerships, and urban environmental centers.Less

Vibrating with Taipei: Cloud Gate Dance Theatre and National Kinesthesia

SanSan Kwan

in Kinesthetic City: Dance and Movement in Chinese Urban Spaces

The chapter begins with an investigation of the interrelationships among bodies, cities, histories and Chineseness-es in Taipei. Chapter one explores the everyday experience of moving through Taipei ... More

The chapter begins with an investigation of the interrelationships among bodies, cities, histories and Chineseness-es in Taipei. Chapter one explores the everyday experience of moving through Taipei in order to consider the ways that place and choreography are agents in creating and embodying cultural and political structures. This chapter concerns the work of Cloud Gate Dance Theater, a national dance company of Taiwan. It examines how Cloud Gate performs its role as cultural ambassador and keeper of national cultural identity in an era of intense change and political uncertainty in Taiwan: is the island a province of China and the seat of the legitimate Chinese government? Or is it its own sovereign entity, distinct from the Chinese mainland? Placing an examination of Cloud Gate's work in the context of the time and place surrounding it, this chapter follows the fluctuating urban topography of Taipei to reveal the ways that Cloud Gate similarly choreographs the continuous layerings and tranformations of cultural influence that work to produce the city of Taipei. By placing an investigation of the temporal and spatial dimensions of the city – its history and its kinesthetic quality as a place – in dialogue with dance we can discover the ways that structures of nationalism are determined and negotiated through the moving body.Less

Epilogue: Kinesthetic City

SanSan Kwan

in Kinesthetic City: Dance and Movement in Chinese Urban Spaces

This chapter concludes the book with a discussion of a dance piece by choreographer Cheng-chieh Yu. Yu's piece, Hood, Veil, Shoes was commissioned by a Taiwan dance company and is inspired by Yu's ... More

This chapter concludes the book with a discussion of a dance piece by choreographer Cheng-chieh Yu. Yu's piece, Hood, Veil, Shoes was commissioned by a Taiwan dance company and is inspired by Yu's experience with gender dynamics as they are negotiated on Taipei's crowded streets. The piece, choreographed by a Taiwanese American choreographer returning to Taiwan in order to create work that ultimately is conditioned by her experience of Taipei's urban choreography, reflects upon the broad themes discussed in the previous three chapters: the pull of Chineseness, and the relationships among bodies, urban motion, and choreography.Less

Promoting private interest by public hands?: The gentrification of public lands by housing policies in Taipei City

Liling Huang

in Global gentrifications: Uneven development and displacement

This chapter stresses the role of the high percentage of public lands located in the city center and their influence on gentrification in Taipei, Taiwan. It discusses how due to de-regulation a large ... More

This chapter stresses the role of the high percentage of public lands located in the city center and their influence on gentrification in Taipei, Taiwan. It discusses how due to de-regulation a large number of public housing units became up-scale commodities on the real estate market, as the state sold them into gentrification, turned them into enclaves for wealthy and elite professionals, and also pushed up housing prices in the surrounding areas.Less

To Hear as I Do: The Concessions of Hearing in Taiwan’s Noise Management System

Jennifer Hsieh

in Testing Hearing: The Making of Modern Aurality

As part of democratic liberalization in the late 1970s and 1980s, noise abatement signified the Kuomintang (KMT) regime’s attention to the quality of life of local Taiwanese residents. However, the ... More

As part of democratic liberalization in the late 1970s and 1980s, noise abatement signified the Kuomintang (KMT) regime’s attention to the quality of life of local Taiwanese residents. However, the use of scientific, objective indicators for noise, such as decibels, also had the effect of subjecting individual, human experience to the standardizing techniques of quantification and measurement. This chapter examines the application of Western technologies of audiometry and noise abatement in the context of Taiwan’s transition to a postauthoritarian state. Through an analysis of audiometric testing of hearing health among schoolchildren and neighborhood-wide socioacoustic surveys that assessed noise tolerance levels, this chapter asks how hearing and noise became interests of the state—as both a source of state authority and a symbol of liberal governance.Less

The 1952 Treaty of Peace between China and Japan

Hans van de Ven

in Negotiating China's Destiny in World War II

Van de Ven argues that the 1952 Peace Treaty between the Republic of China and Japan was less a peace treaty than one of a series of US-inspired treaties to contain communism in East Asia. It was ... More

Van de Ven argues that the 1952 Peace Treaty between the Republic of China and Japan was less a peace treaty than one of a series of US-inspired treaties to contain communism in East Asia. It was important because it meant that the Nationalists would be regarded as one of the victorious allies; because it turned Japan away from concluding an agreement with the PRC and steered it toward Taiwan and other states in South and Southeast Asia; and, finally, because it would form a cornerstone of a political order in East Asia which remaind in place today. Van de Ven demonstrates that many issues that bedevil interstate relations in East Asia, such as the status of Taiwan, have their origins in the negotations leading up to this treaty.Less

From Twin Creeks

Yang Mu

in Memories of Mount Qilai: The Education of a Young Poet

This chapter acts as both a remembrance and epitaph of Yan, with whom the author had shared literary aspirations during his teenage years. Both teens frequently discussed the beauties of expression, ... More

This chapter acts as both a remembrance and epitaph of Yan, with whom the author had shared literary aspirations during his teenage years. Both teens frequently discussed the beauties of expression, ideas, and such in old poetry and song lyrics, from whence they would turn to a discussion regarding Twin Creeks, where Yan claimed to have hailed from. Located in Taipei County, Twin Creeks would become the subject of aesthetic debates between the two, even as it would become a sort of legacy left behind for the author to seek, following Yan's death. After a confused search, the author would pass by the Twin Creeks train station, but never alight from it.Less

Intertextuality as Métissage in Tsai Ming-liang’s Sino-French Films: What Time Is It There? and Face

Michelle E. Bloom

in Contemporary Sino-French Cinemas: Absent Fathers, Banned Books, and Red Balloons

Intertertextuality constitutes a form of métissage since it facilitates connections by mixing two texts, creating hybrid forms. Auteur Tsai Ming-liang, culturally, linguistically and nationally ... More

Intertertextuality constitutes a form of métissage since it facilitates connections by mixing two texts, creating hybrid forms. Auteur Tsai Ming-liang, culturally, linguistically and nationally métis, as a Malaysian born, Taiwanese by adoption, has directed two films whose Sino-Frenchness results primarily from intertextuality. What Time is it There? (2001) and Face (2009) pay homage to French New Wave director François Truffaut, in innovative fashion. In the earlier work, Tsai cites Truffaut’s New Wave hit, The 400 Blows, (1959) drawing a parallel between its protagonist, Antoinel Doinel and his main character, Hsiao-kang, both played by the respective directors’ signature actors (Jean-Pierre Léaud, Lee Kang-sheng,). Léaud’s cemetery cameo in What Time? suggests that the original French movement, supposedly dead, like the protagonist Hsiao-kang’s father, lives on. Face expands to Truffaut’s later films and refers intertextually to texts in arts other than cinema, establishing the Sino-French as a cross-media as well as cross-cultural phenomenon.Less

Introduction

Takatoshi Ito and Andrew K. Rose

in International Trade in East Asia

This introductory chapter discusses the coverage of this volume which is about international trade in East Asia. The chapters in this volume are edited versions of the chapters presented at the ... More

This introductory chapter discusses the coverage of this volume which is about international trade in East Asia. The chapters in this volume are edited versions of the chapters presented at the fourteenth National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) conference held in Taipei, Taiwan on September 5–7, 2003. The topics discussed in this volume include the existence of regional trading blocks, strategies for improving productivity and facilitating technological change through trade, barriers to international trade, and the determinants of international integration.Less

Beijing and Beyond

Weijie Song

in Mapping Modern Beijing: Space, Emotion, Literary Topography

This chapter situates Beijing in a larger context of modern Chinese urban literature, and charts the trajectories of affective mapping of major cities in the Chinese-speaking world against the great ... More

This chapter situates Beijing in a larger context of modern Chinese urban literature, and charts the trajectories of affective mapping of major cities in the Chinese-speaking world against the great backdrop of the downfall of the (Manchu) Empire, the rise of modern nation-state, the 1949 great divide, and the formation of Cold war and globalizing world. The main issues are modern urban awareness, historical consciousness, individual/collective memories, and nationalist perceptions regarding the old and new capital, Beijing; the semicolonial metropolis and socialist Shanghai and its remnants; the traumatized and aloof Nanjing; the abandoned capital, Xi’an; Taipei under Japanese colonial rule and the subsequent Nationalist Party’s dominance; and Hong Kong from a British Crown Colony to a Special Administrative Region of China. Urban experiences, emotional vicissitudes, and literary topography continue to provide illustrating and illuminating methods of mapping Sinophone cities.Less

Entries into Meaning: Socialization via Narrative in the Early Years

Peggy J. Miller

in Advances in Culture and Psychology

This chapter approaches early socialization through the prism of narrative practices. Because socialization is an inherently interdisciplinary problem, the discussion is grounded in interdisciplinary ... More

This chapter approaches early socialization through the prism of narrative practices. Because socialization is an inherently interdisciplinary problem, the discussion is grounded in interdisciplinary fields of inquiry, interweaving their histories with a program of comparative research, spanning three decades. The research involved two working-class communities in the United States and middle-class communities in Chicago and Taipei. In each case, it found that the universal predisposition to narrative takes root and burgeons very early as youngsters step into local discursive practices that are culturally differentiated from the beginning. Placing personal storytelling front and center opens a window on how socialization happens on the ground and exposes a dynamic early moment in the co-creation of persons and cultures. The chapter argues that these vital processes depend as much on young children's agency as they do on the systematic socializing efforts, witting and unwitting, of parents and other family members.Less