Russell Samolsky
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823234790
- eISBN:
- 9780823241248
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823234790.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
This book sets out to articulate a new theory and textual practice of the relation between literary reception and embodiment by arguing that certain modern literary texts have apocalyptic futures. ...
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This book sets out to articulate a new theory and textual practice of the relation between literary reception and embodiment by arguing that certain modern literary texts have apocalyptic futures. Rather than claim that great writers have clairvoyant powers, it examines the ways in which a text incorporates an apocalyptic event—and marked or mutilated bodies—into its future reception. The book is thus concerned with the way in which apocalyptic works solicit their future receptions. Deploying the double register of “marks” to show how a text both codes and targets mutilated bodies, the book focuses on how these bodies are incorporated into texts by Kafka, Conrad, Coetzee, and Spiegelman. Situating “In the Penal Colony” in relation to the Holocaust, Heart of Darkness to the Rwandan genocide, and Waiting for the Barbarians to the revelations of torture in apartheid South Africa and contemporary Iraq, it argues for the ethical and political importance of reading these literary works' “apocalyptic futures” in our own urgent and perilous situations. The book concludes with a reading of Spiegelman's Maus that offers a messianic counter-time to the law of apocalyptic incorporation.Less
This book sets out to articulate a new theory and textual practice of the relation between literary reception and embodiment by arguing that certain modern literary texts have apocalyptic futures. Rather than claim that great writers have clairvoyant powers, it examines the ways in which a text incorporates an apocalyptic event—and marked or mutilated bodies—into its future reception. The book is thus concerned with the way in which apocalyptic works solicit their future receptions. Deploying the double register of “marks” to show how a text both codes and targets mutilated bodies, the book focuses on how these bodies are incorporated into texts by Kafka, Conrad, Coetzee, and Spiegelman. Situating “In the Penal Colony” in relation to the Holocaust, Heart of Darkness to the Rwandan genocide, and Waiting for the Barbarians to the revelations of torture in apartheid South Africa and contemporary Iraq, it argues for the ethical and political importance of reading these literary works' “apocalyptic futures” in our own urgent and perilous situations. The book concludes with a reading of Spiegelman's Maus that offers a messianic counter-time to the law of apocalyptic incorporation.
Russell Samolsky
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823234790
- eISBN:
- 9780823241248
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823234790.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
The coda concludes the book's analysis of the way in which particular texts become apocalyptically legible or manifest. It does so by taking account of Spiegelman's self-reflexive meditation on the ...
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The coda concludes the book's analysis of the way in which particular texts become apocalyptically legible or manifest. It does so by taking account of Spiegelman's self-reflexive meditation on the ethical relation between Maus' literary reception and the dead bodies of the Holocaust that haunt his text. The coda proceeds to compare the fate of two sets of numbers tattooed onto the arms of Anja and Vladek upon their internment in the concentration camp. While Anja later commits suicide by slashing her wrists, thereby fulfilling a fate already inscribed by her number, Vladek is given life by the priest's prognosticatory interpretation of his number. The book concludes by utilizing Benjamin's concept of the “now of legibility” to read the priest's messianic moment of interpretation as a fragile moment of resistance against the law of apocalyptic incorporation.Less
The coda concludes the book's analysis of the way in which particular texts become apocalyptically legible or manifest. It does so by taking account of Spiegelman's self-reflexive meditation on the ethical relation between Maus' literary reception and the dead bodies of the Holocaust that haunt his text. The coda proceeds to compare the fate of two sets of numbers tattooed onto the arms of Anja and Vladek upon their internment in the concentration camp. While Anja later commits suicide by slashing her wrists, thereby fulfilling a fate already inscribed by her number, Vladek is given life by the priest's prognosticatory interpretation of his number. The book concludes by utilizing Benjamin's concept of the “now of legibility” to read the priest's messianic moment of interpretation as a fragile moment of resistance against the law of apocalyptic incorporation.
Corry Shores
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496813275
- eISBN:
- 9781496813312
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496813275.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter demonstrates how one of the most striking features of Art Spiegelman's Maus are the characters' cartoon animal forms: Nazis are cats, Jews are mice, Poles are pigs, Americans are dogs, ...
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This chapter demonstrates how one of the most striking features of Art Spiegelman's Maus are the characters' cartoon animal forms: Nazis are cats, Jews are mice, Poles are pigs, Americans are dogs, Brits are fish, the French are frogs, and Swedes are deer. However, his purpose was not to sanitize or “banalize” the Holocaust. Rather, the implementation of the animal forms serves as a shockingly evocative device that attests to the power of graphic novels as a means of persuasive communication and artistic expression. The chapter shows how a people's “becoming animal” is not something that degrades them, but is rather an instance of their having admirable skills at survival in trying circumstances.Less
This chapter demonstrates how one of the most striking features of Art Spiegelman's Maus are the characters' cartoon animal forms: Nazis are cats, Jews are mice, Poles are pigs, Americans are dogs, Brits are fish, the French are frogs, and Swedes are deer. However, his purpose was not to sanitize or “banalize” the Holocaust. Rather, the implementation of the animal forms serves as a shockingly evocative device that attests to the power of graphic novels as a means of persuasive communication and artistic expression. The chapter shows how a people's “becoming animal” is not something that degrades them, but is rather an instance of their having admirable skills at survival in trying circumstances.
Jane Tolmie (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617039058
- eISBN:
- 9781621039907
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617039058.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
Autobiography has seen enormous expansions and challenges over the past decades. One of these expansions has been in comics, and it is an expansion that pushes back against any postmodern notion of ...
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Autobiography has seen enormous expansions and challenges over the past decades. One of these expansions has been in comics, and it is an expansion that pushes back against any postmodern notion of the death of the author/subject, while also demanding new approaches from critics. This book is about autobiography, semi-autobiography, fictionalized autobiography, memory, and self-narration in sequential art, or comics. The book engages with well-known figures such as Art Spiegelman, Marjane Satrapi, and Alison Bechdel; with cult-status figures such as Martin Vaughn James; and with lesser-known works by artists such as Frédéric Boilet. Negotiations between artist/writer/body and drawn/written/text raise questions of how comics construct identity, and are read and perceived, requiring a critical turn towards theorizing the comics’ viewer. At stake in comic memoir and semi-autobiography is embodiment. Remembering a scene with the intent of rendering it in sequential art requires nonlinear thinking and engagement with physicality. Who was in the room and where? What was worn? Who spoke first? What images dominated the encounter? Did anybody smile? Man or mouse? Unhinged from the summary paragraph, the comics artist must confront the fact of the flesh, or the corporeal world, and they do so with fascinating results.Less
Autobiography has seen enormous expansions and challenges over the past decades. One of these expansions has been in comics, and it is an expansion that pushes back against any postmodern notion of the death of the author/subject, while also demanding new approaches from critics. This book is about autobiography, semi-autobiography, fictionalized autobiography, memory, and self-narration in sequential art, or comics. The book engages with well-known figures such as Art Spiegelman, Marjane Satrapi, and Alison Bechdel; with cult-status figures such as Martin Vaughn James; and with lesser-known works by artists such as Frédéric Boilet. Negotiations between artist/writer/body and drawn/written/text raise questions of how comics construct identity, and are read and perceived, requiring a critical turn towards theorizing the comics’ viewer. At stake in comic memoir and semi-autobiography is embodiment. Remembering a scene with the intent of rendering it in sequential art requires nonlinear thinking and engagement with physicality. Who was in the room and where? What was worn? Who spoke first? What images dominated the encounter? Did anybody smile? Man or mouse? Unhinged from the summary paragraph, the comics artist must confront the fact of the flesh, or the corporeal world, and they do so with fascinating results.
Jay Geller
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823275595
- eISBN:
- 9780823277148
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823275595.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
This chapter undertakes close readings of Kafka’s first and last published animal narratives, The Metamorphosis and “Josephine the Singer.” It focuses upon the different strategies by which Kafka ...
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This chapter undertakes close readings of Kafka’s first and last published animal narratives, The Metamorphosis and “Josephine the Singer.” It focuses upon the different strategies by which Kafka rendered any species determination of the stories’ protagonists, Gregor Samsa and Josephine (as well as her people), indefinite and how he thereby confronted his prospective readers with the constructedness of both human/animal difference and species essentialism. These works are then seen as interventions, whether effectively or not, against an apparatus that these two constructs conditioned, an apparatus that helped naturalize both Gentile/Jew difference and the violent means sustaining it: the identification of the Jew-Animal. It situates these stories over and against historical and literary associations of Jews with vermin (Ungeziefer) and mice as well as in relation to Kafka’s own encounters with such creatures recorded in his letters and in his posthumously published story “The Burrow.” The chapter also includes a discussion of how at the opening of Maus II Art Spiegelman subverted possible essentialist identification of Jews with mice by his readers.Less
This chapter undertakes close readings of Kafka’s first and last published animal narratives, The Metamorphosis and “Josephine the Singer.” It focuses upon the different strategies by which Kafka rendered any species determination of the stories’ protagonists, Gregor Samsa and Josephine (as well as her people), indefinite and how he thereby confronted his prospective readers with the constructedness of both human/animal difference and species essentialism. These works are then seen as interventions, whether effectively or not, against an apparatus that these two constructs conditioned, an apparatus that helped naturalize both Gentile/Jew difference and the violent means sustaining it: the identification of the Jew-Animal. It situates these stories over and against historical and literary associations of Jews with vermin (Ungeziefer) and mice as well as in relation to Kafka’s own encounters with such creatures recorded in his letters and in his posthumously published story “The Burrow.” The chapter also includes a discussion of how at the opening of Maus II Art Spiegelman subverted possible essentialist identification of Jews with mice by his readers.
Henry W. Pickford
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823245406
- eISBN:
- 9780823250776
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823245406.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Holocaust artworks intuitively must fulfill at least two criteria: artistic (lest they be merely historical documents) and historical (lest they distort the Holocaust or become merely artworks). The ...
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Holocaust artworks intuitively must fulfill at least two criteria: artistic (lest they be merely historical documents) and historical (lest they distort the Holocaust or become merely artworks). The book locates this problematic within philosophical aesthetics, as a version of the conflict between aesthetic autonomy and heteronomy, and argues that Adorno’s dialectic of aesthetic semblance describes the normative demand that artworks maintain a dynamic tension between the two. It aims to move beyond familiar debates surrounding postmodernism by demonstrating the usefulness of contemporary theories of meaning and understanding, including those from the analytic tradition. It shows how the causal theory of names, the philosophy of tacit knowledge, the analytic philosophy of quotation, Sartre’s theory of the imaginary, the epistemology of testimony, and Walter Benjamin’s dialectical image can help explicate how individual artworks fulfill artistic and historical desiderata. The book is comprised of a theoretical introduction and conclusion, and chapters devoted to close readings of Celan’s poetry, Holocaust memorials in Berlin, Heimrad Backer’s quotational texts, Claude Lanzmann’s film Shoah, and Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus.Less
Holocaust artworks intuitively must fulfill at least two criteria: artistic (lest they be merely historical documents) and historical (lest they distort the Holocaust or become merely artworks). The book locates this problematic within philosophical aesthetics, as a version of the conflict between aesthetic autonomy and heteronomy, and argues that Adorno’s dialectic of aesthetic semblance describes the normative demand that artworks maintain a dynamic tension between the two. It aims to move beyond familiar debates surrounding postmodernism by demonstrating the usefulness of contemporary theories of meaning and understanding, including those from the analytic tradition. It shows how the causal theory of names, the philosophy of tacit knowledge, the analytic philosophy of quotation, Sartre’s theory of the imaginary, the epistemology of testimony, and Walter Benjamin’s dialectical image can help explicate how individual artworks fulfill artistic and historical desiderata. The book is comprised of a theoretical introduction and conclusion, and chapters devoted to close readings of Celan’s poetry, Holocaust memorials in Berlin, Heimrad Backer’s quotational texts, Claude Lanzmann’s film Shoah, and Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus.
Hertha D. Sweet Wong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469640709
- eISBN:
- 9781469640723
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469640709.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Art Spiegelman places transgenerational trauma at the center of his autobiographical comics Maus, revealing how he attempts to understand his parents’ Holocaust experiences and to comprehend the ...
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Art Spiegelman places transgenerational trauma at the center of his autobiographical comics Maus, revealing how he attempts to understand his parents’ Holocaust experiences and to comprehend the effects of that legacy that has been passed on to him. He depicts the challenges of extracting a coherent story from his father and shaping it into his book, of attempting to comprehend the haunting absence left by his mother’s suicide and the destruction of her journals, and of trying to represent what has been deemed “unrepresentable.” This chapter presents a close reading of Maus, emphasizing Spiegelman’s cinematic style, use of telling detail, mastery of moving between past and present, use of text as image, strategic choices about when to reproduce photographs and when to draw them, and his multiple conclusions that emphasize the impossibility of closure.Less
Art Spiegelman places transgenerational trauma at the center of his autobiographical comics Maus, revealing how he attempts to understand his parents’ Holocaust experiences and to comprehend the effects of that legacy that has been passed on to him. He depicts the challenges of extracting a coherent story from his father and shaping it into his book, of attempting to comprehend the haunting absence left by his mother’s suicide and the destruction of her journals, and of trying to represent what has been deemed “unrepresentable.” This chapter presents a close reading of Maus, emphasizing Spiegelman’s cinematic style, use of telling detail, mastery of moving between past and present, use of text as image, strategic choices about when to reproduce photographs and when to draw them, and his multiple conclusions that emphasize the impossibility of closure.
Katherine Roeder
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617039607
- eISBN:
- 9781626740112
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617039607.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
The final chapter discusses the end of McCay's career, his animated films and editorial work. It explores McCay's lasting influence, on cartoonists from Frank King and Crockett Johnson to Art ...
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The final chapter discusses the end of McCay's career, his animated films and editorial work. It explores McCay's lasting influence, on cartoonists from Frank King and Crockett Johnson to Art Spiegelman and Chris Ware. McCay's impact on children's literature is also described, as can be seen in the work of Maurice Sendak, William Joyce and David Wiesner,Less
The final chapter discusses the end of McCay's career, his animated films and editorial work. It explores McCay's lasting influence, on cartoonists from Frank King and Crockett Johnson to Art Spiegelman and Chris Ware. McCay's impact on children's literature is also described, as can be seen in the work of Maurice Sendak, William Joyce and David Wiesner,
Lopamudra Basu
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617039058
- eISBN:
- 9781621039907
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617039058.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter examines public and private trauma by focusing on autobiographical representations of the events and emotions surrounding 9/11. It analyzes acts of recovering and explores pain, grief, ...
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This chapter examines public and private trauma by focusing on autobiographical representations of the events and emotions surrounding 9/11. It analyzes acts of recovering and explores pain, grief, and mourning by offering a reading of Art Spiegelman’s graphic memoir In the Shadow of No Towers. It considers comic art as a space of resistance against oppression and suggests that the terrorist bombing of the Twin Towers brings back the traumatic memory of the Holocaust experienced by Spiegelman’s parents. It also shows how Spiegelman links his traumatic experience and its effect on his artistic sensibility to Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” Finally, the chapter highlights the relationship between cartoons and politics in Spiegelman’s memoir.Less
This chapter examines public and private trauma by focusing on autobiographical representations of the events and emotions surrounding 9/11. It analyzes acts of recovering and explores pain, grief, and mourning by offering a reading of Art Spiegelman’s graphic memoir In the Shadow of No Towers. It considers comic art as a space of resistance against oppression and suggests that the terrorist bombing of the Twin Towers brings back the traumatic memory of the Holocaust experienced by Spiegelman’s parents. It also shows how Spiegelman links his traumatic experience and its effect on his artistic sensibility to Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” Finally, the chapter highlights the relationship between cartoons and politics in Spiegelman’s memoir.
Davida Pines
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617039058
- eISBN:
- 9781621039907
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617039058.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter explores how bearing witness challenges public narratives of unity, triumph, and heroism by focusing on the works of Art Spiegelman, Alissa Torres, and Sungyoon Choi and their ...
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This chapter explores how bearing witness challenges public narratives of unity, triumph, and heroism by focusing on the works of Art Spiegelman, Alissa Torres, and Sungyoon Choi and their representations of 9/11. More specifically, it highlights the connections between history, memory, and trauma in Torres’s American Widow (with illustrations by Sungyoon Choi) and Spiegelman’s graphic memoir In the Shadow of No Towers. It discusses how Spiegelman, Torres, and Sungyoon Choi use the comics medium to capture the specifics of their lived experiences of 9/11. It also shows how American Widow and In the Shadow of No Towers challenge the dominant verbal and visual narratives that arose in the immediate aftermath of 9/11.Less
This chapter explores how bearing witness challenges public narratives of unity, triumph, and heroism by focusing on the works of Art Spiegelman, Alissa Torres, and Sungyoon Choi and their representations of 9/11. More specifically, it highlights the connections between history, memory, and trauma in Torres’s American Widow (with illustrations by Sungyoon Choi) and Spiegelman’s graphic memoir In the Shadow of No Towers. It discusses how Spiegelman, Torres, and Sungyoon Choi use the comics medium to capture the specifics of their lived experiences of 9/11. It also shows how American Widow and In the Shadow of No Towers challenge the dominant verbal and visual narratives that arose in the immediate aftermath of 9/11.
Henry W. Pickford
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823245406
- eISBN:
- 9780823250776
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823245406.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter considers Lanzmann’s film Shoah and Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus in light of the epistemology of testimony. Two epistemic dimensions are involved: (a) propositional knowledge, ...
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This chapter considers Lanzmann’s film Shoah and Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus in light of the epistemology of testimony. Two epistemic dimensions are involved: (a) propositional knowledge, conveyed by reports from speaker to listener; and (b) expressive knowledge, which under proper circumstances elicits appropriate responsiveness from the listener. The justification of testimonial knowledge is developed by considering work by Wittgenstein and Richard Moran. Shoah and Maus exhibit contrasting but complementary asymmetries in their aesthetic presentations of testimonies: Shoah eschews all historical illustration of the narratives (propositional knowledge) being recounted by the witnesses, but does focus, at times invasively, on the faces of the witnesses as they recount their narratives. By contrast, Maus eschews the portrayal of human faces (instead they are imaged as various kinds of animals) while illustrating the content of the eyewitness’s testimony (the story of Spiegelman’s father during the Holocaust). Sartre’s theory of the imaginary, suitably modified in light of subsequent criticisms of it, explicates the witness’s and viewer’s distinctive roles in these works as required by the aesthetic presentation. In this way both artworks, each in its own way, fulfill the dual desiderata of Holocaust artworks.Less
This chapter considers Lanzmann’s film Shoah and Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus in light of the epistemology of testimony. Two epistemic dimensions are involved: (a) propositional knowledge, conveyed by reports from speaker to listener; and (b) expressive knowledge, which under proper circumstances elicits appropriate responsiveness from the listener. The justification of testimonial knowledge is developed by considering work by Wittgenstein and Richard Moran. Shoah and Maus exhibit contrasting but complementary asymmetries in their aesthetic presentations of testimonies: Shoah eschews all historical illustration of the narratives (propositional knowledge) being recounted by the witnesses, but does focus, at times invasively, on the faces of the witnesses as they recount their narratives. By contrast, Maus eschews the portrayal of human faces (instead they are imaged as various kinds of animals) while illustrating the content of the eyewitness’s testimony (the story of Spiegelman’s father during the Holocaust). Sartre’s theory of the imaginary, suitably modified in light of subsequent criticisms of it, explicates the witness’s and viewer’s distinctive roles in these works as required by the aesthetic presentation. In this way both artworks, each in its own way, fulfill the dual desiderata of Holocaust artworks.
Alan Gibbs
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780748641147
- eISBN:
- 9781474400794
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748641147.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Chapter 3 focuses on postmodernist responses to 9/11, primarily Art Spiegelman’s short graphic memoir, In the Shadow of No Towers and Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel, Extremely Loud and Incredibly ...
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Chapter 3 focuses on postmodernist responses to 9/11, primarily Art Spiegelman’s short graphic memoir, In the Shadow of No Towers and Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close. The chapter argues that responses to 9/11, cultural or political, may be placed somewhere on a spectrum between historicism and decontextualisation, that is, respectively, those texts which integrated the events of 9/11 into an ongoing geopolitical historical narrative, and those which saw them, by contrast, as an outrageous and unprecedented limit event. As Chapter 3 maintains, right-wing commentators aided the Bush administration in perpetuating the latter ‘rupture’ view and, as Spiegelman’s text angrily delineates, using the resultant feelings of victimhood as a spur to military action.Less
Chapter 3 focuses on postmodernist responses to 9/11, primarily Art Spiegelman’s short graphic memoir, In the Shadow of No Towers and Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close. The chapter argues that responses to 9/11, cultural or political, may be placed somewhere on a spectrum between historicism and decontextualisation, that is, respectively, those texts which integrated the events of 9/11 into an ongoing geopolitical historical narrative, and those which saw them, by contrast, as an outrageous and unprecedented limit event. As Chapter 3 maintains, right-wing commentators aided the Bush administration in perpetuating the latter ‘rupture’ view and, as Spiegelman’s text angrily delineates, using the resultant feelings of victimhood as a spur to military action.
Ian Gordon
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781604737929
- eISBN:
- 9781604737936
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781604737929.003.0013
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
The last two decades have witnessed a significant transformation of comic books as far as types and content available are concerned, not to mention their critical reception. This shift can be traced ...
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The last two decades have witnessed a significant transformation of comic books as far as types and content available are concerned, not to mention their critical reception. This shift can be traced to certain events in the production and distribution of comics, particularly superhero comics. However, the singularly most important phenomenon in the reevaluation of comic books was the publication of Art Spiegelman’s Maus (collected in 1986 and 1991) and the critical response it generated. This chapter examines public and academic discourses on the status and nature of comic books in the wake of Maus. After providing an overview of the development of comics that led to the creation of Maus, it assesses its impact, the changing view of comics in the press, and the burgeoning of academic work on comics art. The chapter then considers the scholarly debate over the periodization of graphic novels such as Maus and comments on the campaign by Fredric Wertham and others in the 1950s against comic books, which they accused of causing juvenile delinquency. Finally, it looks at two museum exhibitions showcasing Maus.Less
The last two decades have witnessed a significant transformation of comic books as far as types and content available are concerned, not to mention their critical reception. This shift can be traced to certain events in the production and distribution of comics, particularly superhero comics. However, the singularly most important phenomenon in the reevaluation of comic books was the publication of Art Spiegelman’s Maus (collected in 1986 and 1991) and the critical response it generated. This chapter examines public and academic discourses on the status and nature of comic books in the wake of Maus. After providing an overview of the development of comics that led to the creation of Maus, it assesses its impact, the changing view of comics in the press, and the burgeoning of academic work on comics art. The chapter then considers the scholarly debate over the periodization of graphic novels such as Maus and comments on the campaign by Fredric Wertham and others in the 1950s against comic books, which they accused of causing juvenile delinquency. Finally, it looks at two museum exhibitions showcasing Maus.
Andrew Loman
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781604737929
- eISBN:
- 9781604737936
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781604737929.003.0015
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
Published in two volumes in 1986 and 1991, Maus is a Holocaust narrative by Art Spiegelman that has precipitated a broad reassessment of the artistic potential of the comic book. Its success has led ...
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Published in two volumes in 1986 and 1991, Maus is a Holocaust narrative by Art Spiegelman that has precipitated a broad reassessment of the artistic potential of the comic book. Its success has led the American media to realize the potential of comics for intellectual and artistic sophistication like any other art form. Maus has garnered the attention of literary critics and has been the subject of numerous scholarly publications. This chapter examines the canonization of Maus through its inclusion in the anthologies published by W. W. Norton, Inc., such as Postmodern American Fiction: A Norton Anthology (1st ed., 1997), The Norton Anthology of Jewish American Literature (1st ed., 2001), and The Norton Anthology of American Literature (7th ed., 2007). It also considers the book’s affinities with postmodern fiction and the literary criticism it has generated with regard to its representation of the Holocaust, its treatment of gender, and its use of the beast allegory. Finally, the chapter looks at the underlying racism of such allegories as understood by Spiegelman in relation to American cartoons.Less
Published in two volumes in 1986 and 1991, Maus is a Holocaust narrative by Art Spiegelman that has precipitated a broad reassessment of the artistic potential of the comic book. Its success has led the American media to realize the potential of comics for intellectual and artistic sophistication like any other art form. Maus has garnered the attention of literary critics and has been the subject of numerous scholarly publications. This chapter examines the canonization of Maus through its inclusion in the anthologies published by W. W. Norton, Inc., such as Postmodern American Fiction: A Norton Anthology (1st ed., 1997), The Norton Anthology of Jewish American Literature (1st ed., 2001), and The Norton Anthology of American Literature (7th ed., 2007). It also considers the book’s affinities with postmodern fiction and the literary criticism it has generated with regard to its representation of the Holocaust, its treatment of gender, and its use of the beast allegory. Finally, the chapter looks at the underlying racism of such allegories as understood by Spiegelman in relation to American cartoons.
Ted Gournelos
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617030062
- eISBN:
- 9781617030079
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617030062.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter argues that the 9/11 terrorist attacks must be viewed not as a “traumatic” event, but as a violation of everyday life that was quickly co-opted into a cynical project to depict the ...
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This chapter argues that the 9/11 terrorist attacks must be viewed not as a “traumatic” event, but as a violation of everyday life that was quickly co-opted into a cynical project to depict the attacks as a nationalist landmark. Drawing on Art Spiegelman’s use of irony in his 2004 serial comics In the Shadow of No Towers (2004), it highlights the need to rethink post-9/11 trauma, politics, and popular culture. It discusses Spiegelman’s contention that his everyday experiences of fragmentation displace any feelings of retreat, complacency, or fear, resulting in an uncritical acceptance of nationalism and, eventually, unjust war.Less
This chapter argues that the 9/11 terrorist attacks must be viewed not as a “traumatic” event, but as a violation of everyday life that was quickly co-opted into a cynical project to depict the attacks as a nationalist landmark. Drawing on Art Spiegelman’s use of irony in his 2004 serial comics In the Shadow of No Towers (2004), it highlights the need to rethink post-9/11 trauma, politics, and popular culture. It discusses Spiegelman’s contention that his everyday experiences of fragmentation displace any feelings of retreat, complacency, or fear, resulting in an uncritical acceptance of nationalism and, eventually, unjust war.
J. Hillis Miller
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226527215
- eISBN:
- 9780226527239
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226527239.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Thomas Keneally’s Schindler’s List, Ian McEwan’s Black Dogs, and Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale are all discussed in this chapter in relation to the Shoah. It begins with the intended ...
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Thomas Keneally’s Schindler’s List, Ian McEwan’s Black Dogs, and Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale are all discussed in this chapter in relation to the Shoah. It begins with the intended presumption that all these works bear witness in an honorable and honest way to the Shoah, or at least seek to give inheritance to the facts about it to readers. The chapter performs a “rhetorical reading” on the texts, studying the way this sort of reading operates its performative magic of testifying to the Holocaust. The question of community is also looked at with regards to these works. These works, however, are subject to the double obstacle, a complex “aporia”: the facts of the Holocaust might be inherently unthinkable and unspeakable by any means of representation and “aestheticizing” the Holocaust creates suspicion in that the more successful a novel, the further it may be from the actual experience of the Holocaust.Less
Thomas Keneally’s Schindler’s List, Ian McEwan’s Black Dogs, and Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale are all discussed in this chapter in relation to the Shoah. It begins with the intended presumption that all these works bear witness in an honorable and honest way to the Shoah, or at least seek to give inheritance to the facts about it to readers. The chapter performs a “rhetorical reading” on the texts, studying the way this sort of reading operates its performative magic of testifying to the Holocaust. The question of community is also looked at with regards to these works. These works, however, are subject to the double obstacle, a complex “aporia”: the facts of the Holocaust might be inherently unthinkable and unspeakable by any means of representation and “aestheticizing” the Holocaust creates suspicion in that the more successful a novel, the further it may be from the actual experience of the Holocaust.
Marianne Hirsch
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816674695
- eISBN:
- 9781452947518
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816674695.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter explains the relationship between public and private photographs and the way images move between public and private space, through an analysis of how public photographs are privatized ...
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This chapter explains the relationship between public and private photographs and the way images move between public and private space, through an analysis of how public photographs are privatized and vice versa in Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus. It highlights the neverending interaction between words and images, and examines how photography haunts writings and drawings even in the absence of actual photographs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the graphic trace of missing photographs becomes the conveyor of significant absences and losses.Less
This chapter explains the relationship between public and private photographs and the way images move between public and private space, through an analysis of how public photographs are privatized and vice versa in Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel Maus. It highlights the neverending interaction between words and images, and examines how photography haunts writings and drawings even in the absence of actual photographs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the graphic trace of missing photographs becomes the conveyor of significant absences and losses.
Erica Wickerson
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- July 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198793274
- eISBN:
- 9780191835162
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198793274.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature, European Literature
The distinction between lived time as it is subjectively experienced by individuals and wider events that affect communities, collectives, and nations is a complex and significant aspect of time as ...
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The distinction between lived time as it is subjectively experienced by individuals and wider events that affect communities, collectives, and nations is a complex and significant aspect of time as it is presented in narrative. This chapter considers the tension between the time of individual experience and the time of collectively marked events in Doctor Faustus, Felix Krull, Mario and the Magician, as well as Günter Grass’s The Tin Drum, and Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel, Maus. The wide range of times and media afforded by these works allows an analysis of the ways in which references to historical events have a significant effect on the temporality of individual tales. In the case of the works discussed here, history presented through myth, metaphor, and magic realism further complicates the flow of time by thickening it into multiple layers of storytelling.Less
The distinction between lived time as it is subjectively experienced by individuals and wider events that affect communities, collectives, and nations is a complex and significant aspect of time as it is presented in narrative. This chapter considers the tension between the time of individual experience and the time of collectively marked events in Doctor Faustus, Felix Krull, Mario and the Magician, as well as Günter Grass’s The Tin Drum, and Art Spiegelman’s graphic novel, Maus. The wide range of times and media afforded by these works allows an analysis of the ways in which references to historical events have a significant effect on the temporality of individual tales. In the case of the works discussed here, history presented through myth, metaphor, and magic realism further complicates the flow of time by thickening it into multiple layers of storytelling.
Brian Boyd
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190231217
- eISBN:
- 9780190609061
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190231217.003.0013
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Literary creation is already consilient with science, for works of art are experiments: artists’ diverse experiments with new combinations of experience audiences will have as they respond. Literary ...
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Literary creation is already consilient with science, for works of art are experiments: artists’ diverse experiments with new combinations of experience audiences will have as they respond. Literary explanation should also be consilient with science. Evolution and cognition can benefit literary criticism, but their relevance will, and should, vary enormously from work to work and from question to critical question. The author proposes a multilevel explanatory model for literary works and effects: the global, the human, the local, the individual, the particular, and the detail. This structure can incorporate evolution and cognition flexibly, as they prove relevant to the questions being asked, without imposing a priori answers. To show the flexibility of the model, the author analyzes three literary examples, three experiments with readers’ experience short enough to consider and contrast: two paired and opposed sonnets by Shakespeare, and a two-page 2011 comic by Art Spiegelman.Less
Literary creation is already consilient with science, for works of art are experiments: artists’ diverse experiments with new combinations of experience audiences will have as they respond. Literary explanation should also be consilient with science. Evolution and cognition can benefit literary criticism, but their relevance will, and should, vary enormously from work to work and from question to critical question. The author proposes a multilevel explanatory model for literary works and effects: the global, the human, the local, the individual, the particular, and the detail. This structure can incorporate evolution and cognition flexibly, as they prove relevant to the questions being asked, without imposing a priori answers. To show the flexibility of the model, the author analyzes three literary examples, three experiments with readers’ experience short enough to consider and contrast: two paired and opposed sonnets by Shakespeare, and a two-page 2011 comic by Art Spiegelman.
