V. Markham Lester
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205180
- eISBN:
- 9780191676536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205180.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Economic History
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, ...
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This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.Less
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.
Jamie Cohen-Cole
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226092164
- eISBN:
- 9780226092331
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226092331.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter examines how it came to be that interdisciplinarity seemed an unqualified good in postwar American academic culture. Interdisciplinarity meant not only creativity, but also democracy, ...
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This chapter examines how it came to be that interdisciplinarity seemed an unqualified good in postwar American academic culture. Interdisciplinarity meant not only creativity, but also democracy, scientific rigor, and practicality. By the 1950s, the best way for social science to be seen as truly scientific, was to be interdisciplinary. A broad range of social scientists and their patrons, whether in private philanthropies or government, concluded that the best way to improve the social sciences would be to use interdisciplinary approaches to generate new and powerful research tools. This methodological focus on tools avoided both a pure form of empiricist data gathering and theorizing disconnected from reality. Indeed advocates of interdisciplinarity contended that attachment to empiricism was itself a religious, unscientific dogma that prevented collaboration between people in different fields. Even more, because of the way in which social scientists saw America–as a pluralist society–they often identified interdisciplinary research as a pluralist endeavor which was optimally suited to the study of democratic societies.Less
This chapter examines how it came to be that interdisciplinarity seemed an unqualified good in postwar American academic culture. Interdisciplinarity meant not only creativity, but also democracy, scientific rigor, and practicality. By the 1950s, the best way for social science to be seen as truly scientific, was to be interdisciplinary. A broad range of social scientists and their patrons, whether in private philanthropies or government, concluded that the best way to improve the social sciences would be to use interdisciplinary approaches to generate new and powerful research tools. This methodological focus on tools avoided both a pure form of empiricist data gathering and theorizing disconnected from reality. Indeed advocates of interdisciplinarity contended that attachment to empiricism was itself a religious, unscientific dogma that prevented collaboration between people in different fields. Even more, because of the way in which social scientists saw America–as a pluralist society–they often identified interdisciplinary research as a pluralist endeavor which was optimally suited to the study of democratic societies.
Ruth G. McRoy, Jerry P. Flanzer, and Joan Levy Zlotnik
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195399646
- eISBN:
- 9780199932757
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195399646.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
Chapter Two provides an historical overview of national social work research capacity – building efforts, especially in the context of the roles of national social work organizations and the National ...
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Chapter Two provides an historical overview of national social work research capacity – building efforts, especially in the context of the roles of national social work organizations and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It provides a brief history of the development of social work research, the widening funding base for social work research and the impact of university research culture on the social work field, particularly as universities have turned their attention to community development and needs. The authors describe the significant impact of the Task Force on Social Work Research, the significant roles of social work professional organizations, and the development of doctoral education programs towards meeting the need for an increasing social work knowledge base to address the demand for evidence based practice.Less
Chapter Two provides an historical overview of national social work research capacity – building efforts, especially in the context of the roles of national social work organizations and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It provides a brief history of the development of social work research, the widening funding base for social work research and the impact of university research culture on the social work field, particularly as universities have turned their attention to community development and needs. The authors describe the significant impact of the Task Force on Social Work Research, the significant roles of social work professional organizations, and the development of doctoral education programs towards meeting the need for an increasing social work knowledge base to address the demand for evidence based practice.
Élisabeth Anstett and Jean-Marc Dreyfus (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719097560
- eISBN:
- 9781526104441
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719097560.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
Human remains and identification presents a pioneering investigation into the practices and methodologies used in the search for and exhumation of dead bodies resulting from mass violence. Previously ...
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Human remains and identification presents a pioneering investigation into the practices and methodologies used in the search for and exhumation of dead bodies resulting from mass violence. Previously absent from forensic debate, social scientists and historians here confront historical and contemporary exhumations with the application of social context to create an innovative and interdisciplinary dialogue, enlightening the political, social and legal aspects of mass crime and its aftermaths. Through a ground-breaking selection of international case studies, Human remains and identification argues that the emergence of new technologies to facilitate the identification of dead bodies has led to a “forensic turn”, normalising exhumations as a method of dealing with human remains en masse. However, are these exhumations always made for legitimate reasons? Multidisciplinary in scope, the book will appeal to readers interested in understanding this crucial phase of mass violence’s aftermath, including researchers in history, anthropology, sociology, forensic science, law, politics and modern warfare.Less
Human remains and identification presents a pioneering investigation into the practices and methodologies used in the search for and exhumation of dead bodies resulting from mass violence. Previously absent from forensic debate, social scientists and historians here confront historical and contemporary exhumations with the application of social context to create an innovative and interdisciplinary dialogue, enlightening the political, social and legal aspects of mass crime and its aftermaths. Through a ground-breaking selection of international case studies, Human remains and identification argues that the emergence of new technologies to facilitate the identification of dead bodies has led to a “forensic turn”, normalising exhumations as a method of dealing with human remains en masse. However, are these exhumations always made for legitimate reasons? Multidisciplinary in scope, the book will appeal to readers interested in understanding this crucial phase of mass violence’s aftermath, including researchers in history, anthropology, sociology, forensic science, law, politics and modern warfare.
Élisabeth Anstett and Jean-Marc Dreyfus
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719097560
- eISBN:
- 9781526104441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719097560.003.0011
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
The introduction outlines the book’s interrogation of the treatment of corpses and human remains following mass violence and genocide, focusing specifically on their possible discovery and ...
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The introduction outlines the book’s interrogation of the treatment of corpses and human remains following mass violence and genocide, focusing specifically on their possible discovery and identification. The study of these two separate enterprises – the search for bodies and their identification – has traditionally remained in the hands of forensic science and has so far only marginally attracted the interest of history, social anthropology or law despite the magnitude of their respective fields of application. In this context, one of the primary contributions of this book is to connect the social and forensic sciences, for the first time, in a joint and comparative analysis of how societies engage in the process of searching for and identifying the corpses produced by mass violence, and thereby to initiate a truly interdisciplinary dialogue.Less
The introduction outlines the book’s interrogation of the treatment of corpses and human remains following mass violence and genocide, focusing specifically on their possible discovery and identification. The study of these two separate enterprises – the search for bodies and their identification – has traditionally remained in the hands of forensic science and has so far only marginally attracted the interest of history, social anthropology or law despite the magnitude of their respective fields of application. In this context, one of the primary contributions of this book is to connect the social and forensic sciences, for the first time, in a joint and comparative analysis of how societies engage in the process of searching for and identifying the corpses produced by mass violence, and thereby to initiate a truly interdisciplinary dialogue.
Mirko Canevaro, Andrew Erskine, Benjamin Gray, and Josiah Ober (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474421775
- eISBN:
- 9781474449519
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421775.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, World History: BCE to 500CE
Social scientists and political theorists have recently come to realize the potential importance of the classical Greek world and its legacy for testing social theories. Meanwhile, some Hellenists ...
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Social scientists and political theorists have recently come to realize the potential importance of the classical Greek world and its legacy for testing social theories. Meanwhile, some Hellenists have mastered the techniques of contemporary social science. They have come to recognize the value of formal and quantitative methods as a complement to traditional qualitative approaches to Greek history and culture. Some of the most exciting new work in social science is now being done within interdisciplinary domains for which recent work on Greece provides apt case studies. This book features essays examining the role played by democratic political and legal institutions in economic development; the potential for inter-state cooperation and international institutions within a decentralized ecology of states; the relationship between state government and the social networks arising from voluntary associations; the interplay between political culture, informal politics, formal institutions and political change; and the relationship between empirical and formal methods of analysis and normative political theory. In sum, this book introduces readers to the emerging field of “social science ancient history.”Less
Social scientists and political theorists have recently come to realize the potential importance of the classical Greek world and its legacy for testing social theories. Meanwhile, some Hellenists have mastered the techniques of contemporary social science. They have come to recognize the value of formal and quantitative methods as a complement to traditional qualitative approaches to Greek history and culture. Some of the most exciting new work in social science is now being done within interdisciplinary domains for which recent work on Greece provides apt case studies. This book features essays examining the role played by democratic political and legal institutions in economic development; the potential for inter-state cooperation and international institutions within a decentralized ecology of states; the relationship between state government and the social networks arising from voluntary associations; the interplay between political culture, informal politics, formal institutions and political change; and the relationship between empirical and formal methods of analysis and normative political theory. In sum, this book introduces readers to the emerging field of “social science ancient history.”
Stella Maile and David Griffiths
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781447306863
- eISBN:
- 9781447311546
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447306863.003.0016
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
The chapter outlines a student’s experience of participating in study around the recording of older people’s thoughts. The chapter represents one student’s reflections on the methodology and feelings.
The chapter outlines a student’s experience of participating in study around the recording of older people’s thoughts. The chapter represents one student’s reflections on the methodology and feelings.
Sukhadeo Thorat and Samar Verma (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199474417
- eISBN:
- 9780199089062
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199474417.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Research and Statistics
Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and ...
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Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and development. For social sciences to realize their potential in shaping public policy, it is imperative that the research ecosystem is dynamic and vibrant; the institutions governing it are robust and effective; and those producing quality research are strong and well governed. This volume elaborates on various dimensions of SSR in India, presenting a strong case for designing a comprehensive national social science policy which can meaningfully strengthen and promote a research ecosystem for improved public policymaking in the country. Addressing issues like lack of funding, availability of data, infrastructure, and quality of research output, it will serve as a national benchmark and reference database for social sciences in India.Less
Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and development. For social sciences to realize their potential in shaping public policy, it is imperative that the research ecosystem is dynamic and vibrant; the institutions governing it are robust and effective; and those producing quality research are strong and well governed. This volume elaborates on various dimensions of SSR in India, presenting a strong case for designing a comprehensive national social science policy which can meaningfully strengthen and promote a research ecosystem for improved public policymaking in the country. Addressing issues like lack of funding, availability of data, infrastructure, and quality of research output, it will serve as a national benchmark and reference database for social sciences in India.
Jeffrey D. Gonda
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625454
- eISBN:
- 9781469625478
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625454.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter captures the NAACP’s efforts to coordinate a nationwide campaign against restrictive covenants. It assesses the Association’s evolving strategies and coalition-building within the larger ...
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This chapter captures the NAACP’s efforts to coordinate a nationwide campaign against restrictive covenants. It assesses the Association’s evolving strategies and coalition-building within the larger intellectual currents of the 1940s as a way to understand the dynamics of reform litigation at the national level. Building upon the organization’s rapid growth and a unique moment in American intellectual and political development, the NAACP legal team experimented in new ways with the use of a “Brandeis brief” that deployed social scientific arguments against racial discrimination and drew heavily upon the emergence of scientific antiracism. Simultaneously, the chapter explores how Thurgood Marshall and his colleagues at the NAACP cultivated a powerful network of sympathetic organizations that helped to bolster their campaign by developing the largest group of amici curiae the Supreme Court had ever seen.Less
This chapter captures the NAACP’s efforts to coordinate a nationwide campaign against restrictive covenants. It assesses the Association’s evolving strategies and coalition-building within the larger intellectual currents of the 1940s as a way to understand the dynamics of reform litigation at the national level. Building upon the organization’s rapid growth and a unique moment in American intellectual and political development, the NAACP legal team experimented in new ways with the use of a “Brandeis brief” that deployed social scientific arguments against racial discrimination and drew heavily upon the emergence of scientific antiracism. Simultaneously, the chapter explores how Thurgood Marshall and his colleagues at the NAACP cultivated a powerful network of sympathetic organizations that helped to bolster their campaign by developing the largest group of amici curiae the Supreme Court had ever seen.
K. Gayithri and Indrajit Bairagya
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199474417
- eISBN:
- 9780199089062
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199474417.003.0011
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Research and Statistics
This chapter aims at ascertaining the flows and priorities in accessing funds by various institutions involved in SSR in India from government sources. The analysis is mainly based on the data ...
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This chapter aims at ascertaining the flows and priorities in accessing funds by various institutions involved in SSR in India from government sources. The analysis is mainly based on the data collected from the various ministries, Councils, etc. The study found that the share of expenditure on social science research (SSR) as percentage of total union budget of the central government was 0.025 per cent whereas it was 0.86 percent for pure science research. The share of SSR budget to GDP at market price for the year 2010–11 was 0.0062 per cent whereas it was 0.21 per cent in pure sciences. While estimating the demand supply gap, the study found that supply of funds to SSR is much less than requirement.Less
This chapter aims at ascertaining the flows and priorities in accessing funds by various institutions involved in SSR in India from government sources. The analysis is mainly based on the data collected from the various ministries, Councils, etc. The study found that the share of expenditure on social science research (SSR) as percentage of total union budget of the central government was 0.025 per cent whereas it was 0.86 percent for pure science research. The share of SSR budget to GDP at market price for the year 2010–11 was 0.0062 per cent whereas it was 0.21 per cent in pure sciences. While estimating the demand supply gap, the study found that supply of funds to SSR is much less than requirement.
Stella Maile and David Griffiths
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781447306863
- eISBN:
- 9781447311546
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447306863.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter analyses the meaning of public engagement and its relations to broader policy agendas and institutional change. It also outlines the concept of “publics” and their discursive, ...
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This chapter analyses the meaning of public engagement and its relations to broader policy agendas and institutional change. It also outlines the concept of “publics” and their discursive, institutional and technical forms of production. Finally it considers the origins of the café scientifique movement and the social science café in particular.Less
This chapter analyses the meaning of public engagement and its relations to broader policy agendas and institutional change. It also outlines the concept of “publics” and their discursive, institutional and technical forms of production. Finally it considers the origins of the café scientifique movement and the social science café in particular.
Stella Maile
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781447306863
- eISBN:
- 9781447311546
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447306863.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter provides a discussion of the location and relative worth of public engagement initiatives in the current political and economic climate which is dominated by neoliberalism and the ...
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This chapter provides a discussion of the location and relative worth of public engagement initiatives in the current political and economic climate which is dominated by neoliberalism and the market. It is suggested that different values and imaginaries are brought to bear on public engagement along with dynamism and creativity of people in dialogue. The chapter focuses on one example of a public engagement initiative, Social Science in the City which is subject to competing discourses and policies on evidence-gathering and impact assessment.Less
This chapter provides a discussion of the location and relative worth of public engagement initiatives in the current political and economic climate which is dominated by neoliberalism and the market. It is suggested that different values and imaginaries are brought to bear on public engagement along with dynamism and creativity of people in dialogue. The chapter focuses on one example of a public engagement initiative, Social Science in the City which is subject to competing discourses and policies on evidence-gathering and impact assessment.
Youseop Shin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520293168
- eISBN:
- 9780520966383
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520293168.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This book focuses on fundamental elements of time series analysis that social scientists need to understand to employ time series analysis for their research and practice. Avoiding extraordinary ...
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This book focuses on fundamental elements of time series analysis that social scientists need to understand to employ time series analysis for their research and practice. Avoiding extraordinary mathematical materials, this book explains univariate time-series analysis step by step from the preliminary visual analysis through the modeling of seasonality, trends, and residuals to the prediction and the evaluation of estimated models. Then, this book explains smoothing, multiple time-series analysis, and interrupted time-series analysis. At the end of each step, this book coherently provides an analysis of the monthly violent crime rates as an example.Less
This book focuses on fundamental elements of time series analysis that social scientists need to understand to employ time series analysis for their research and practice. Avoiding extraordinary mathematical materials, this book explains univariate time-series analysis step by step from the preliminary visual analysis through the modeling of seasonality, trends, and residuals to the prediction and the evaluation of estimated models. Then, this book explains smoothing, multiple time-series analysis, and interrupted time-series analysis. At the end of each step, this book coherently provides an analysis of the monthly violent crime rates as an example.
Jon Elster
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- July 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190690649
- eISBN:
- 9780190690670
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190690649.003.0014
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
This chapter addresses problems and themes in the social sciences. Social sciences are understood specifically as sciences that have (or should have) the following minimal characteristics: their ...
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This chapter addresses problems and themes in the social sciences. Social sciences are understood specifically as sciences that have (or should have) the following minimal characteristics: their object of study is human behavior and they follow a certain number of methodological principles, including a marked effort towards analytical clarity; the investigation of causal explanations through the formulation of causal laws or at least causal mechanisms; and a subscription to a form of methodological individualism, if an amended one, which puts at the heart of social science the notion of choice. We discuss three principal themes. The first raises the question of the status of laws in the social sciences and, in particular, that of “consequence laws,” otherwise known as functionalist explanations. The second theme takes up methodological individualism, as compared to holistic approaches. The last theme concerns hypotheses of rationality and self-interested motivations, which increasingly figure in social scientific explanations.Less
This chapter addresses problems and themes in the social sciences. Social sciences are understood specifically as sciences that have (or should have) the following minimal characteristics: their object of study is human behavior and they follow a certain number of methodological principles, including a marked effort towards analytical clarity; the investigation of causal explanations through the formulation of causal laws or at least causal mechanisms; and a subscription to a form of methodological individualism, if an amended one, which puts at the heart of social science the notion of choice. We discuss three principal themes. The first raises the question of the status of laws in the social sciences and, in particular, that of “consequence laws,” otherwise known as functionalist explanations. The second theme takes up methodological individualism, as compared to holistic approaches. The last theme concerns hypotheses of rationality and self-interested motivations, which increasingly figure in social scientific explanations.
Vincent Debaene
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226106908
- eISBN:
- 9780226107233
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226107233.003.0011
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter examines how writers and men of letters responded to the birth of the social sciences in France by considering reactions to the foundation of sociology at the turn of the twentieth ...
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This chapter examines how writers and men of letters responded to the birth of the social sciences in France by considering reactions to the foundation of sociology at the turn of the twentieth century. Figures such as Agathon and Gustave Lanson wrestled with the question of how to defend literature as a knowledge project when faced with the ambitions of sociology and the social sciences. Whereas the former takes up the dispossession of the artist by the social scientist, the latter rails against the new sciences’ claims to rigor and rejection of rhetoric. These analyses point to a significant change in the function of literature in the modern era, namely that the humanistic scholar can no longer claim to have anything to teach the scientist in the name of the exercise of aesthetic judgment.Less
This chapter examines how writers and men of letters responded to the birth of the social sciences in France by considering reactions to the foundation of sociology at the turn of the twentieth century. Figures such as Agathon and Gustave Lanson wrestled with the question of how to defend literature as a knowledge project when faced with the ambitions of sociology and the social sciences. Whereas the former takes up the dispossession of the artist by the social scientist, the latter rails against the new sciences’ claims to rigor and rejection of rhetoric. These analyses point to a significant change in the function of literature in the modern era, namely that the humanistic scholar can no longer claim to have anything to teach the scientist in the name of the exercise of aesthetic judgment.
Amikam Nachmani
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780719085727
- eISBN:
- 9781781704844
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085727.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Young democracies lacking a well-rooted, long standing parliamentary tradition caused Talmon concern. Intolerance of opposing views and insensitivity to the notion of fair play - both unwritten norms ...
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Young democracies lacking a well-rooted, long standing parliamentary tradition caused Talmon concern. Intolerance of opposing views and insensitivity to the notion of fair play - both unwritten norms that new democracies were likely to have insufficiently assimilated - underpinned Talmon's anxiety. This chapter brings and discusses Talmon's ideas on the issue of democracy and the role of the intellectual and the university in developing it. Problem solving, American universities and European universities; the role of leadership; the democratic pressures on the university; the attack on social sciences; American pragmatism vs. European traditionalism; Talmon's views and critique on the American values and academic world - - these are few of the topics that the chapter discusses.Less
Young democracies lacking a well-rooted, long standing parliamentary tradition caused Talmon concern. Intolerance of opposing views and insensitivity to the notion of fair play - both unwritten norms that new democracies were likely to have insufficiently assimilated - underpinned Talmon's anxiety. This chapter brings and discusses Talmon's ideas on the issue of democracy and the role of the intellectual and the university in developing it. Problem solving, American universities and European universities; the role of leadership; the democratic pressures on the university; the attack on social sciences; American pragmatism vs. European traditionalism; Talmon's views and critique on the American values and academic world - - these are few of the topics that the chapter discusses.
Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469636405
- eISBN:
- 9781469636429
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636405.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
In this history of the social and human sciences in Mexico and the United States, Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt reveals intricate connections among the development of science, the concept of race, and ...
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In this history of the social and human sciences in Mexico and the United States, Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt reveals intricate connections among the development of science, the concept of race, and policies toward indigenous peoples. Focusing on the anthropologists, sociologists, biologists, physicians, and other experts who collaborated across borders from the Mexican Revolution through World War II, Rosemblatt traces how intellectuals on both sides of the Rio Grande forged shared networks in which they discussed indigenous peoples and other ethnic minorities. In doing so, Rosemblatt argues, they refashioned race as a scientific category and consolidated their influence within their respective national policy circles. Postrevolutionary Mexican experts aimed to transform their country into a modern secular state with a dynamic economy, and central to this endeavor was learning how to “manage” racial difference and social welfare. The same concern animated U.S. New Deal policies toward Native Americans. The scientists’ border-crossing conceptions of modernity, race, evolution, and pluralism were not simple one-way impositions or appropriations, and they had significant effects. In the United States, the resulting approaches to the management of Native American affairs later shaped policies toward immigrants and black Americans, while in Mexico, officials rejected policy prescriptions they associated with U.S. intellectual imperialism and racial segregation.Less
In this history of the social and human sciences in Mexico and the United States, Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt reveals intricate connections among the development of science, the concept of race, and policies toward indigenous peoples. Focusing on the anthropologists, sociologists, biologists, physicians, and other experts who collaborated across borders from the Mexican Revolution through World War II, Rosemblatt traces how intellectuals on both sides of the Rio Grande forged shared networks in which they discussed indigenous peoples and other ethnic minorities. In doing so, Rosemblatt argues, they refashioned race as a scientific category and consolidated their influence within their respective national policy circles. Postrevolutionary Mexican experts aimed to transform their country into a modern secular state with a dynamic economy, and central to this endeavor was learning how to “manage” racial difference and social welfare. The same concern animated U.S. New Deal policies toward Native Americans. The scientists’ border-crossing conceptions of modernity, race, evolution, and pluralism were not simple one-way impositions or appropriations, and they had significant effects. In the United States, the resulting approaches to the management of Native American affairs later shaped policies toward immigrants and black Americans, while in Mexico, officials rejected policy prescriptions they associated with U.S. intellectual imperialism and racial segregation.
Carl E. Schneider
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262028912
- eISBN:
- 9780262328784
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262028912.003.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Bioethics
How much good IRB regulation can do depends on how much risk research subjects run. Biomedical research can harm subjects, but much of it needs no physical contact with patients, and most contact ...
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How much good IRB regulation can do depends on how much risk research subjects run. Biomedical research can harm subjects, but much of it needs no physical contact with patients, and most contact cannot cause serious injury. Even truly ill patients are, if anything, safer in than out of research. Social-science research cannot injure people physically, and its risks are trivial compared with the chances free people take daily In short, research harm “has been far less than the harm arising from many entirely ordinary activities” like walking. So the IRB system has less scope to do good than its severity suggests because research is safer than its rhetoric implies.Less
How much good IRB regulation can do depends on how much risk research subjects run. Biomedical research can harm subjects, but much of it needs no physical contact with patients, and most contact cannot cause serious injury. Even truly ill patients are, if anything, safer in than out of research. Social-science research cannot injure people physically, and its risks are trivial compared with the chances free people take daily In short, research harm “has been far less than the harm arising from many entirely ordinary activities” like walking. So the IRB system has less scope to do good than its severity suggests because research is safer than its rhetoric implies.
Seteney Shami and Cynthia Miller-Idriss
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781479827787
- eISBN:
- 9781479850662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479827787.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to draw a portrait of the issues animating and challenging the field of Middle East studies (MES) in their academic and national ...
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This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to draw a portrait of the issues animating and challenging the field of Middle East studies (MES) in their academic and national contexts. The book presents some of the findings of a decade-long (2000–2010) research project organized by the Social Science Research Council in New York, which began with examining Middle East studies and expanded to investigate other area studies fields as well as the thrust toward the global in US universities. It is concerned with three main themes: the relationship between MES and various disciplines (political science, sociology, economics, and geography), current reformulations and new emphases in MES (in terms of university restructuring, language training, and scholarly trends), the politics of knowledge, and the impact on the field of MES of the many crises in the region.Less
This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to draw a portrait of the issues animating and challenging the field of Middle East studies (MES) in their academic and national contexts. The book presents some of the findings of a decade-long (2000–2010) research project organized by the Social Science Research Council in New York, which began with examining Middle East studies and expanded to investigate other area studies fields as well as the thrust toward the global in US universities. It is concerned with three main themes: the relationship between MES and various disciplines (political science, sociology, economics, and geography), current reformulations and new emphases in MES (in terms of university restructuring, language training, and scholarly trends), the politics of knowledge, and the impact on the field of MES of the many crises in the region.
Gerard Delanty, Ruth Wodak, and Paul Jones (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781846311185
- eISBN:
- 9781786945310
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846311185.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
By investigating the narratives of everyday life, Identity, Belonging and Migration provides some understanding of the many socio-political, historical, discursive and socio-cognitive processes ...
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By investigating the narratives of everyday life, Identity, Belonging and Migration provides some understanding of the many socio-political, historical, discursive and socio-cognitive processes involved in expressions of everyday racism in European countries. Consisting of three parts, the book provides a contextual understanding of European society past and present, foregrounding race and discrimination’s place within it. Part one of the text analyses the theoretical perspectives on belonging within a European context, part two addresses the exclusionary discourses and practices of states and their institutions, and part three concludes the book with four thematic discussions on violence, resistance, Islamophobia in the Netherlands, and racism in the education system.Less
By investigating the narratives of everyday life, Identity, Belonging and Migration provides some understanding of the many socio-political, historical, discursive and socio-cognitive processes involved in expressions of everyday racism in European countries. Consisting of three parts, the book provides a contextual understanding of European society past and present, foregrounding race and discrimination’s place within it. Part one of the text analyses the theoretical perspectives on belonging within a European context, part two addresses the exclusionary discourses and practices of states and their institutions, and part three concludes the book with four thematic discussions on violence, resistance, Islamophobia in the Netherlands, and racism in the education system.
