Ann Hagell (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301042
- eISBN:
- 9781447307242
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301042.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
The general well-being of British adolescents has been the topic of considerable debate in recent years, but too often this is based on myth rather than fact. Are today's young people more stressed, ...
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The general well-being of British adolescents has been the topic of considerable debate in recent years, but too often this is based on myth rather than fact. Are today's young people more stressed, anxious, distressed or antisocial than they used to be? What does research evidence tell us about the adolescent experience today and how it has changed over time? And how do trends in adolescent well-being since the 1970s relate to changes in education, leisure, communities and family life in that time? This unique volume brings together the main findings from the Nuffield Foundation's Changing Adolescence Programme and explores how social change may affect young people's behaviour, mental health and transitions toward adulthood. As well as critiquing research evidence, which will be of interest to a wide academic audience, the book will inform the wider debate on this subject among policy makers and service providers, voluntary organisations and campaign groupsLess
The general well-being of British adolescents has been the topic of considerable debate in recent years, but too often this is based on myth rather than fact. Are today's young people more stressed, anxious, distressed or antisocial than they used to be? What does research evidence tell us about the adolescent experience today and how it has changed over time? And how do trends in adolescent well-being since the 1970s relate to changes in education, leisure, communities and family life in that time? This unique volume brings together the main findings from the Nuffield Foundation's Changing Adolescence Programme and explores how social change may affect young people's behaviour, mental health and transitions toward adulthood. As well as critiquing research evidence, which will be of interest to a wide academic audience, the book will inform the wider debate on this subject among policy makers and service providers, voluntary organisations and campaign groups
Leonard A. Jason
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199841851
- eISBN:
- 9780199315901
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841851.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Chapter 4 focuses on the patience and persistence that is needed for large-scale changes. Focusing on small triumphs is imperative: it renews dedication to one’s efforts and celebrates even ...
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Chapter 4 focuses on the patience and persistence that is needed for large-scale changes. Focusing on small triumphs is imperative: it renews dedication to one’s efforts and celebrates even incremental progress, through which, in most cases, success is achieved. Throughout history, transformational change has rarely occurred in one fell swoop—and change agents must recognize this. While a passion and empathy for those afflicted can be a sustaining motivation for supporters of a community change, activists sometimes neglect the need for a supportive host setting. I chronicle a 36-year-long effort to create a place that was specifically designed for the purpose of providing the time, resources, and coalitions that are needed to bring about social and community change. In this case, small wins meant the slow but steady creation of a human services program, a community psychology track within a university, as well as a center for community research. To be sure, academic settings are not the only resource of community change agents, but we argue that activists need to have a setting that supports a focus on long-term change. Chapter 4 describes the important field of community psychology. The principles and interventions in this chapter were developed in this field. Community psychology is fundamentally rooted in listening and giving a voice to patients. These practices are broadly relevant to patient activism communities.Less
Chapter 4 focuses on the patience and persistence that is needed for large-scale changes. Focusing on small triumphs is imperative: it renews dedication to one’s efforts and celebrates even incremental progress, through which, in most cases, success is achieved. Throughout history, transformational change has rarely occurred in one fell swoop—and change agents must recognize this. While a passion and empathy for those afflicted can be a sustaining motivation for supporters of a community change, activists sometimes neglect the need for a supportive host setting. I chronicle a 36-year-long effort to create a place that was specifically designed for the purpose of providing the time, resources, and coalitions that are needed to bring about social and community change. In this case, small wins meant the slow but steady creation of a human services program, a community psychology track within a university, as well as a center for community research. To be sure, academic settings are not the only resource of community change agents, but we argue that activists need to have a setting that supports a focus on long-term change. Chapter 4 describes the important field of community psychology. The principles and interventions in this chapter were developed in this field. Community psychology is fundamentally rooted in listening and giving a voice to patients. These practices are broadly relevant to patient activism communities.
Martin Johnes
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719086663
- eISBN:
- 9781781705988
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719086663.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Chapter twelve charts the social and cultural changes of the 1970s, ‘80s and ‘90s. In particular, it considers the shifts in gender, age and race relations towards increased attitudes of tolerance, ...
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Chapter twelve charts the social and cultural changes of the 1970s, ‘80s and ‘90s. In particular, it considers the shifts in gender, age and race relations towards increased attitudes of tolerance, the ongoing attractions of consumerism and the impact of technological advances. It argues that although women became more economically active there were significant limits to the gains they made during this period and even many women's attitudes towards gender roles remained remarkably stable. It also charts the emergence of a post-industrial society where communities were being redefined in the wake of the closure of the traditional industries that had made them in the first place. It argues that the social and cultural changes of this period were more profound than anything experienced in the supposed revolution of the sixties but also questions whether these changes made Welsh people anymore content.Less
Chapter twelve charts the social and cultural changes of the 1970s, ‘80s and ‘90s. In particular, it considers the shifts in gender, age and race relations towards increased attitudes of tolerance, the ongoing attractions of consumerism and the impact of technological advances. It argues that although women became more economically active there were significant limits to the gains they made during this period and even many women's attitudes towards gender roles remained remarkably stable. It also charts the emergence of a post-industrial society where communities were being redefined in the wake of the closure of the traditional industries that had made them in the first place. It argues that the social and cultural changes of this period were more profound than anything experienced in the supposed revolution of the sixties but also questions whether these changes made Welsh people anymore content.
Jonathan Hearn
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780719087998
- eISBN:
- 9781526128492
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719087998.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global ...
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This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global banking and financial crisis that emerged around 2008 with devastating effects on several banks, including this one. It focuses on the year in which Bank of Scotland merged with Halifax to form HBOS, scrutinising an encounter between two very different organisational cultures, embedded in Scottish and English national identities that are often symbolically opposed. Through this ethnographic setting it explores how bank staff coped with and made sense of rapid organisational change, and how those changes prefigured the crisis that was to come. That change was part of wider social and economic changes often associated with neoliberalism, heightened competition, and embattled social solidarity. Thus the study in a sense salvages a record of a disappearing banking culture, which is symptomatic of wider social change. The book contributes to our understanding of the stereotypes and mutual perceptions that shape Scottish and English national identities, while using the interpenetrating national and organisational contexts to critically examine the concept of culture. It also engages in an innovative way with the perennial problem of relating small-scale ethnographic data to large-scale historical change. Written clearly and concisely, with narrative momentum, it will appeal to students and scholars interested in the banking and economic crisis, national identity in Scotland and the UK, the nature of culture, and the challenges of ethnographic research.Less
This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global banking and financial crisis that emerged around 2008 with devastating effects on several banks, including this one. It focuses on the year in which Bank of Scotland merged with Halifax to form HBOS, scrutinising an encounter between two very different organisational cultures, embedded in Scottish and English national identities that are often symbolically opposed. Through this ethnographic setting it explores how bank staff coped with and made sense of rapid organisational change, and how those changes prefigured the crisis that was to come. That change was part of wider social and economic changes often associated with neoliberalism, heightened competition, and embattled social solidarity. Thus the study in a sense salvages a record of a disappearing banking culture, which is symptomatic of wider social change. The book contributes to our understanding of the stereotypes and mutual perceptions that shape Scottish and English national identities, while using the interpenetrating national and organisational contexts to critically examine the concept of culture. It also engages in an innovative way with the perennial problem of relating small-scale ethnographic data to large-scale historical change. Written clearly and concisely, with narrative momentum, it will appeal to students and scholars interested in the banking and economic crisis, national identity in Scotland and the UK, the nature of culture, and the challenges of ethnographic research.
Patrick Stevenson and Jenny Carl
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748635986
- eISBN:
- 9780748671472
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748635986.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This book explores the dynamics of language and social change in central Europe. One of the outcomes of the profound social transformations that this region has witnessed since the Second World War ...
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This book explores the dynamics of language and social change in central Europe. One of the outcomes of the profound social transformations that this region has witnessed since the Second World War has been the reshaping of the relationship between particular languages and linguistic varieties, especially between ‘national’ languages and regional or ethnic minority languages. Previous studies have investigated these changed relationships from the macro perspective of language policies, while others have taken an ethnographic approach to individual experiences with language. This book brings together these two perspectives for the first time, with a focus on the German language, which has a uniquely complex and problematic history in this region. By drawing on a range of theoretical, conceptual and analytical approaches – language ideologies, language policy, positioning theory, discourse analysis, narrative analysis and linguistic ethnography – and a wide range of data sources (from European and national language policies to individual language biographies) the authors show how the relationship between German and other languages has played a crucial role in the politics of language and processes of identity formation in the recent history of central Europe.Less
This book explores the dynamics of language and social change in central Europe. One of the outcomes of the profound social transformations that this region has witnessed since the Second World War has been the reshaping of the relationship between particular languages and linguistic varieties, especially between ‘national’ languages and regional or ethnic minority languages. Previous studies have investigated these changed relationships from the macro perspective of language policies, while others have taken an ethnographic approach to individual experiences with language. This book brings together these two perspectives for the first time, with a focus on the German language, which has a uniquely complex and problematic history in this region. By drawing on a range of theoretical, conceptual and analytical approaches – language ideologies, language policy, positioning theory, discourse analysis, narrative analysis and linguistic ethnography – and a wide range of data sources (from European and national language policies to individual language biographies) the authors show how the relationship between German and other languages has played a crucial role in the politics of language and processes of identity formation in the recent history of central Europe.
Helen F. Siu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9789888083732
- eISBN:
- 9789888313396
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888083732.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
Tracing China’s journey began from exploring rural revolution and reconstitutions of community in South China. Spanning decades of rural-urban divide, it finally uncovers China’s global reach and ...
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Tracing China’s journey began from exploring rural revolution and reconstitutions of community in South China. Spanning decades of rural-urban divide, it finally uncovers China’s global reach and Hong Kong’s cross-border dynamics. Helen Siu traverses physical and cultural landscapes to examine political tumults transforming into everyday lives, and fathom the depths of human drama amid China’s frenetic momentum toward modernity. Highlighting complicity, Siu portrays how villagers, urbanites, cadres, entrepreneurs, and intellectuals—laden with historical baggage—venture forward. But have they victimized themselves in the process?
This essay collection, informed by critical social theories and shaped by careful scrutiny of fieldwork and archival texts, is woven by key historical/anthropological themes—culture, history, power, place-making, and identity formation. Siu stresses process and contingency and argues that culture and society are constructed through human actions with nuanced meanings, moral imagination, and contested interests. Challenging the notion that social/political changes are mere linear historical progressions, she traces layers of the past in present realities.Less
Tracing China’s journey began from exploring rural revolution and reconstitutions of community in South China. Spanning decades of rural-urban divide, it finally uncovers China’s global reach and Hong Kong’s cross-border dynamics. Helen Siu traverses physical and cultural landscapes to examine political tumults transforming into everyday lives, and fathom the depths of human drama amid China’s frenetic momentum toward modernity. Highlighting complicity, Siu portrays how villagers, urbanites, cadres, entrepreneurs, and intellectuals—laden with historical baggage—venture forward. But have they victimized themselves in the process?
This essay collection, informed by critical social theories and shaped by careful scrutiny of fieldwork and archival texts, is woven by key historical/anthropological themes—culture, history, power, place-making, and identity formation. Siu stresses process and contingency and argues that culture and society are constructed through human actions with nuanced meanings, moral imagination, and contested interests. Challenging the notion that social/political changes are mere linear historical progressions, she traces layers of the past in present realities.
Ann Hagell
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301042
- eISBN:
- 9781447307242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301042.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter outlines the underlying question which was the starting point of the authors, namely is there any evidence that social change was responsible for the rise in emotional and behavioural ...
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This chapter outlines the underlying question which was the starting point of the authors, namely is there any evidence that social change was responsible for the rise in emotional and behavioural problems experienced by adolescents in the last 30 years? It introduces the changing context for adolescence in the UK between 1975 and 2005 and sets out the key changes in adolescent experience explored in more detail in later chapters: the expansion of further and higher education; changes in living arrangements; the extension of adolescence; changes to family structure; changes in sexual behaviour and relationships; globalisation and demographic shifts. The background to the research reviews in the context of the Nuffield Foundation's Changing Adolescence Programme is also explained.Less
This chapter outlines the underlying question which was the starting point of the authors, namely is there any evidence that social change was responsible for the rise in emotional and behavioural problems experienced by adolescents in the last 30 years? It introduces the changing context for adolescence in the UK between 1975 and 2005 and sets out the key changes in adolescent experience explored in more detail in later chapters: the expansion of further and higher education; changes in living arrangements; the extension of adolescence; changes to family structure; changes in sexual behaviour and relationships; globalisation and demographic shifts. The background to the research reviews in the context of the Nuffield Foundation's Changing Adolescence Programme is also explained.
Leonard A. Jason
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199841851
- eISBN:
- 9780199315901
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841851.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Principles of Social Change offers a comprehensive guide to the development of community interventions and provides the tools and resources to initiate and sustain progress. I examine ...
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Principles of Social Change offers a comprehensive guide to the development of community interventions and provides the tools and resources to initiate and sustain progress. I examine various strategies developed by community activists, coalitions, and social scientists to break down what motivates people. What worked and why? What can be applied to other scenarios? I also discuss practical solutions to complicated issues, such as protecting children’s well-being, combating abuses of power, providing affordable housing, and cleaning up the environment. These ideas are designed to bring about enduring systemic changes at all levels of community life. Although activists such as Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Teresa, Saul Alinsky, Jane Addams, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King Jr. have effected transformational change, everyday citizens and social entrepreneurs have also made tremendously important and sustainable contributions. The five principles reviewed in this book can be used by anyone who wants to bring comprehensive, structural solutions to some of our most vexing social issues. These principles and strategies demonstrate that there is, in fact, a tangible way to achieve change—ordinary people throughout history have done it. This guide is intended for anyone with a desire to improve his or her community. It is expressly for activists with a wide range of causes, from changing environmental regulations to helping disadvantaged children, or other complicated social problems. The five principles described in this book are essential to solving these problems, and they carry the potential to influence new generations of engaged citizens, community activists, and students of psychology and related social sciences. By understanding these principles, community leaders and activists will be poised to bring about a more just and humane society.Less
Principles of Social Change offers a comprehensive guide to the development of community interventions and provides the tools and resources to initiate and sustain progress. I examine various strategies developed by community activists, coalitions, and social scientists to break down what motivates people. What worked and why? What can be applied to other scenarios? I also discuss practical solutions to complicated issues, such as protecting children’s well-being, combating abuses of power, providing affordable housing, and cleaning up the environment. These ideas are designed to bring about enduring systemic changes at all levels of community life. Although activists such as Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Teresa, Saul Alinsky, Jane Addams, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King Jr. have effected transformational change, everyday citizens and social entrepreneurs have also made tremendously important and sustainable contributions. The five principles reviewed in this book can be used by anyone who wants to bring comprehensive, structural solutions to some of our most vexing social issues. These principles and strategies demonstrate that there is, in fact, a tangible way to achieve change—ordinary people throughout history have done it. This guide is intended for anyone with a desire to improve his or her community. It is expressly for activists with a wide range of causes, from changing environmental regulations to helping disadvantaged children, or other complicated social problems. The five principles described in this book are essential to solving these problems, and they carry the potential to influence new generations of engaged citizens, community activists, and students of psychology and related social sciences. By understanding these principles, community leaders and activists will be poised to bring about a more just and humane society.
Elisabetta Ruspini
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781447300939
- eISBN:
- 9781447310877
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447300939.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
As new forms of family and ‘non-traditional’ families grow in number, there is a need for understanding of these “new” arrangements and models of parenthood. This ground-breaking book discusses, ...
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As new forms of family and ‘non-traditional’ families grow in number, there is a need for understanding of these “new” arrangements and models of parenthood. This ground-breaking book discusses, using a comparative and a sociological perspective, examples of the relationship between changing gender identities and processes of family formation in the Western experience: including asexual couples; childfree women and men; living apart together (LAT) couples; lone mothers and fathers; homosexual and trans parents. The book shows that, in the 21st century, it is possible to live, love, form a family without sex, without children, without a shared home, without a partner, without a working husband, without a heterosexual orientation or without a “biological” sexual body. This unique book also discusses the political implications—in terms of social movements characteristics and demands—of these emerging dimensions of family life. Such changes are likely to be of interest for a wide range of educational and policy areas which impact on families, women, men, and children and the book will therefore be of interest to a wide readership.Less
As new forms of family and ‘non-traditional’ families grow in number, there is a need for understanding of these “new” arrangements and models of parenthood. This ground-breaking book discusses, using a comparative and a sociological perspective, examples of the relationship between changing gender identities and processes of family formation in the Western experience: including asexual couples; childfree women and men; living apart together (LAT) couples; lone mothers and fathers; homosexual and trans parents. The book shows that, in the 21st century, it is possible to live, love, form a family without sex, without children, without a shared home, without a partner, without a working husband, without a heterosexual orientation or without a “biological” sexual body. This unique book also discusses the political implications—in terms of social movements characteristics and demands—of these emerging dimensions of family life. Such changes are likely to be of interest for a wide range of educational and policy areas which impact on families, women, men, and children and the book will therefore be of interest to a wide readership.
Leonard A. Jason
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199841851
- eISBN:
- 9780199315901
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841851.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Our country, through slavery and its disastrous policies toward Native Americans, carries a legacy of oppression and injustice that still has consequences today. For that reason, the final chapter ...
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Our country, through slavery and its disastrous policies toward Native Americans, carries a legacy of oppression and injustice that still has consequences today. For that reason, the final chapter takes a long view to try to determine how our values, beliefs, and social-change efforts and societal problems have evolved. This historical perspective allows us address these problems on a deeper level. When societal and community norms—such as culture, rituals, and customs—weaken, we lose our sense of cohesion and desire to participate in vital decisions. Therefore, our change efforts must recapture the sense of justice and concern for our neighbors that has been lost—leaving too many in today’s society feeling isolated and abandoned. Finally, we will review what effective interventions require promote responsibility, mission, and commitment to our community. By doing this, we can develop more sustainable, permanent, and effective ways of working with those in need, and ultimately create a better, more equitable world.Less
Our country, through slavery and its disastrous policies toward Native Americans, carries a legacy of oppression and injustice that still has consequences today. For that reason, the final chapter takes a long view to try to determine how our values, beliefs, and social-change efforts and societal problems have evolved. This historical perspective allows us address these problems on a deeper level. When societal and community norms—such as culture, rituals, and customs—weaken, we lose our sense of cohesion and desire to participate in vital decisions. Therefore, our change efforts must recapture the sense of justice and concern for our neighbors that has been lost—leaving too many in today’s society feeling isolated and abandoned. Finally, we will review what effective interventions require promote responsibility, mission, and commitment to our community. By doing this, we can develop more sustainable, permanent, and effective ways of working with those in need, and ultimately create a better, more equitable world.
Jeremiah J. Garretson
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781479822133
- eISBN:
- 9781479824236
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479822133.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
In this concluding chapter, the general conclusions that can be draw from this study are stated. After a brief recap of the historical narrative that has formed the core of this book, what these ...
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In this concluding chapter, the general conclusions that can be draw from this study are stated. After a brief recap of the historical narrative that has formed the core of this book, what these findings mean for the future trajectory of LGBTQ rights support in the United States are discussed. The chapter then discusses what the findings means for LGBTQ rights activists in the U.S. and other Western nations and provides some potential guidance for sexual minority activists outside of Liberal Democracies. Lastly, given that the process of Affective Liberalization results from (mostly) subconscious processes, rather than an active, deliberative re-evaluation of prior beliefs, what the findings of this study mean for democracy more generally are discussed.Less
In this concluding chapter, the general conclusions that can be draw from this study are stated. After a brief recap of the historical narrative that has formed the core of this book, what these findings mean for the future trajectory of LGBTQ rights support in the United States are discussed. The chapter then discusses what the findings means for LGBTQ rights activists in the U.S. and other Western nations and provides some potential guidance for sexual minority activists outside of Liberal Democracies. Lastly, given that the process of Affective Liberalization results from (mostly) subconscious processes, rather than an active, deliberative re-evaluation of prior beliefs, what the findings of this study mean for democracy more generally are discussed.
Ann Hagell and Sharon Witherspoon
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301042
- eISBN:
- 9781447307242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301042.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
There is suggestive evidence that several domains of social change may 'matter' in regard to increases in emotional and behavioural symptoms of adolescents between the mid 1970s and the mid 2000s. ...
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There is suggestive evidence that several domains of social change may 'matter' in regard to increases in emotional and behavioural symptoms of adolescents between the mid 1970s and the mid 2000s. However, our review of the evidence base revealed far fewer 'change' data than we might have expected from the level of discussion around these topics, and some of the change goes in a different direction to what might be expected. In this chapter we discuss some of the wider implications of the work, both for our understanding and also for development of a subsequent research agenda in this area. The study of social history and the way in which social institutions shape adolescent experiences both need to be more fundamental to social science in this area, if we are to understand how changing times lead to changing adolescence.Less
There is suggestive evidence that several domains of social change may 'matter' in regard to increases in emotional and behavioural symptoms of adolescents between the mid 1970s and the mid 2000s. However, our review of the evidence base revealed far fewer 'change' data than we might have expected from the level of discussion around these topics, and some of the change goes in a different direction to what might be expected. In this chapter we discuss some of the wider implications of the work, both for our understanding and also for development of a subsequent research agenda in this area. The study of social history and the way in which social institutions shape adolescent experiences both need to be more fundamental to social science in this area, if we are to understand how changing times lead to changing adolescence.
Neal Curtis
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719085048
- eISBN:
- 9781526104434
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085048.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Contrary to the usual connection of Superman to Nietzsche’s Übermensch, this chapter offers a reading of Superman in relation to Plato’s conception of the Good. The connection is made via Superman’s ...
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Contrary to the usual connection of Superman to Nietzsche’s Übermensch, this chapter offers a reading of Superman in relation to Plato’s conception of the Good. The connection is made via Superman’s association with the sun, which Plato describes as the ‘child of goodness’. This is done with a view to addressing the first problem in the theory of sovereignty, namely the legitimacy that seems to appear, as Schmitt argued, out of ‘nothingness’. Sovereign legitimacy has traditionally been attributed to the divine and hence miraculous, a source that persists even in the immanence of democratic rule. In this chapter I link this transcendent moment to Plato’s analysis of the Good to show who Superman is a character that always pushes us towards something better, and in this he is an avatar of social change and an alternative future.Less
Contrary to the usual connection of Superman to Nietzsche’s Übermensch, this chapter offers a reading of Superman in relation to Plato’s conception of the Good. The connection is made via Superman’s association with the sun, which Plato describes as the ‘child of goodness’. This is done with a view to addressing the first problem in the theory of sovereignty, namely the legitimacy that seems to appear, as Schmitt argued, out of ‘nothingness’. Sovereign legitimacy has traditionally been attributed to the divine and hence miraculous, a source that persists even in the immanence of democratic rule. In this chapter I link this transcendent moment to Plato’s analysis of the Good to show who Superman is a character that always pushes us towards something better, and in this he is an avatar of social change and an alternative future.
Helen F. Siu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9789888083732
- eISBN:
- 9789888313396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888083732.003.0015
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter takes a slice from the census records to examine policies, assumptions, and procedures related to a recent period of in-flow from China and to assess their impact on Hong Kong’s present ...
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This chapter takes a slice from the census records to examine policies, assumptions, and procedures related to a recent period of in-flow from China and to assess their impact on Hong Kong’s present and future human landscape. I focus on two waves. First, those who crossed the border to Hong Kong, often illegally, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, were labeled “new immigrants” and treated with scorn by some Hong Kong residents. They found work and were absorbed into the Hong Kong society. Many returned to their native places for marriage. In the 1990s, they started to bring to Hong Kong their mainland spouses and young children, who formed the second wave of newcomers. This wave is also known in popular parlance as “new immigrants” and, since the mid-1990s in official categories, as “new arrivals.” The meaning of the label changed somewhat, from one marking difference in the 1980s, to one hardened against those seen as society’s burden. These two waves of immigrants have posed complicated human resource and social issues for Hong Kong.Less
This chapter takes a slice from the census records to examine policies, assumptions, and procedures related to a recent period of in-flow from China and to assess their impact on Hong Kong’s present and future human landscape. I focus on two waves. First, those who crossed the border to Hong Kong, often illegally, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, were labeled “new immigrants” and treated with scorn by some Hong Kong residents. They found work and were absorbed into the Hong Kong society. Many returned to their native places for marriage. In the 1990s, they started to bring to Hong Kong their mainland spouses and young children, who formed the second wave of newcomers. This wave is also known in popular parlance as “new immigrants” and, since the mid-1990s in official categories, as “new arrivals.” The meaning of the label changed somewhat, from one marking difference in the 1980s, to one hardened against those seen as society’s burden. These two waves of immigrants have posed complicated human resource and social issues for Hong Kong.
Mark O'Brien
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719096136
- eISBN:
- 9781526121004
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719096136.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book examines the history of journalists and journalism in twentieth century Ireland. While many media institutions have been subjected to historical scrutiny, the professional and ...
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This book examines the history of journalists and journalism in twentieth century Ireland. While many media institutions have been subjected to historical scrutiny, the professional and organisational development of journalists, the changing practices of journalism, and the contribution of journalists and journalism to the evolution of modern Ireland have not. This book rectifies this deficit by mapping the development of journalism in Ireland from the late 1880s to today. Beginning with the premise that the position of journalists and the power of journalism are products of their time and are shaped by ever-shifting political, economic, technological, and cultural forces it examines the background and values of those who worked as journalists, how they viewed and understood their role over the decades, how they organised and what they stood for as a professional body, how the prevailing political and social atmosphere facilitated or constrained their work, and, crucially, how their work impacted on social change and contributed to the development of modern Ireland. Placing the experiences of journalists and the practice of journalism at the heart of its analysis it examines, for the first time, the work of journalists within the ever-changing context of Irish society. Based on strong primary research – including the previously un-consulted journals and records produced by the many journalistic representative organisations that came and went over the decades – and written in an accessible and engaging style, this book will appeal to anyone interested in journalism, history, the media, and the development of Ireland as a modern nation.Less
This book examines the history of journalists and journalism in twentieth century Ireland. While many media institutions have been subjected to historical scrutiny, the professional and organisational development of journalists, the changing practices of journalism, and the contribution of journalists and journalism to the evolution of modern Ireland have not. This book rectifies this deficit by mapping the development of journalism in Ireland from the late 1880s to today. Beginning with the premise that the position of journalists and the power of journalism are products of their time and are shaped by ever-shifting political, economic, technological, and cultural forces it examines the background and values of those who worked as journalists, how they viewed and understood their role over the decades, how they organised and what they stood for as a professional body, how the prevailing political and social atmosphere facilitated or constrained their work, and, crucially, how their work impacted on social change and contributed to the development of modern Ireland. Placing the experiences of journalists and the practice of journalism at the heart of its analysis it examines, for the first time, the work of journalists within the ever-changing context of Irish society. Based on strong primary research – including the previously un-consulted journals and records produced by the many journalistic representative organisations that came and went over the decades – and written in an accessible and engaging style, this book will appeal to anyone interested in journalism, history, the media, and the development of Ireland as a modern nation.
Clare Virginia Eby
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226085661
- eISBN:
- 9780226085975
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226085975.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Here I show marriage to be a dynamic institution that can impede but also promote social change. The idea that marriage can affect reform has fallen between the cracks of two bodies of historical ...
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Here I show marriage to be a dynamic institution that can impede but also promote social change. The idea that marriage can affect reform has fallen between the cracks of two bodies of historical scholarship, on family and on progressivism. An abundance of literary readings of the marriage plot as conformist and static have also blocked this idea from view. Histories of family, marriage, and sexuality gloss over the Progressive era or concentrate on its restrictive tendencies. I redefine progressivism in terms of gender and reform, but in a new way. The new marriage ideal acts as both test case and real-life laboratory for reform. Seeing themselves as above all educators, reformers sought private solutions to social problems. They believed change could happen on an intimate scale, couple by couple. This conception illustrates the role emotion can play in precipitating social change. Taking marriage reform seriously allows for additional revisionist interpretation of the function of marriage in the novel. I challenge the critical consensus that the marriage plot is static and conformist. Imagining marriage as a laboratory, experiment, and creative process unhinges its assumed relationship to social conservatism. In their portrayals of evolving and experimental relationships, Progressive era novelists infuse marriage with dynamism.Less
Here I show marriage to be a dynamic institution that can impede but also promote social change. The idea that marriage can affect reform has fallen between the cracks of two bodies of historical scholarship, on family and on progressivism. An abundance of literary readings of the marriage plot as conformist and static have also blocked this idea from view. Histories of family, marriage, and sexuality gloss over the Progressive era or concentrate on its restrictive tendencies. I redefine progressivism in terms of gender and reform, but in a new way. The new marriage ideal acts as both test case and real-life laboratory for reform. Seeing themselves as above all educators, reformers sought private solutions to social problems. They believed change could happen on an intimate scale, couple by couple. This conception illustrates the role emotion can play in precipitating social change. Taking marriage reform seriously allows for additional revisionist interpretation of the function of marriage in the novel. I challenge the critical consensus that the marriage plot is static and conformist. Imagining marriage as a laboratory, experiment, and creative process unhinges its assumed relationship to social conservatism. In their portrayals of evolving and experimental relationships, Progressive era novelists infuse marriage with dynamism.
Montgomery McFate
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190680176
- eISBN:
- 9780190943059
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190680176.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
Under the fluorescent lights of the Pentagon and in the villages of Vietnam, Donald S. Marshall brought an anthropological perspective to bear on the most pressing national security issue of his day ...
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Under the fluorescent lights of the Pentagon and in the villages of Vietnam, Donald S. Marshall brought an anthropological perspective to bear on the most pressing national security issue of his day – determination of the ‘kind of war’ upon which the US had embarked, and the most expedient way to fight it. In the PROVN report and later in the Long Range Planning Task Group, Marshall outlined a ‘whole society’ approach to warfare, with a focus on directed social change as an element of strategy. Marshall’s most significant contribution as a military anthropologist was his approach to Vietnam: viewing local culture and social structure not as an externality of war, but as a crucial factor. Marshall’s concern in this regard was uncommon; very infrequently does the military actually consider the wellbeing of the host nation society as the ‘object beyond war.’ One might ask, why not? This chapter begins by making the case that though war always involves social change, the post-war condition of the host nation society is generally omitted from the end state envisioned by policy makers, and is thus omitted at the military planning level.Less
Under the fluorescent lights of the Pentagon and in the villages of Vietnam, Donald S. Marshall brought an anthropological perspective to bear on the most pressing national security issue of his day – determination of the ‘kind of war’ upon which the US had embarked, and the most expedient way to fight it. In the PROVN report and later in the Long Range Planning Task Group, Marshall outlined a ‘whole society’ approach to warfare, with a focus on directed social change as an element of strategy. Marshall’s most significant contribution as a military anthropologist was his approach to Vietnam: viewing local culture and social structure not as an externality of war, but as a crucial factor. Marshall’s concern in this regard was uncommon; very infrequently does the military actually consider the wellbeing of the host nation society as the ‘object beyond war.’ One might ask, why not? This chapter begins by making the case that though war always involves social change, the post-war condition of the host nation society is generally omitted from the end state envisioned by policy makers, and is thus omitted at the military planning level.
Jonathan Hearn
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780719087998
- eISBN:
- 9781526128492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719087998.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter examines how HBOS staff were coping with and making sense of rapid organisational change during the early days of merger. But more specifically, using material from staff training ...
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This chapter examines how HBOS staff were coping with and making sense of rapid organisational change during the early days of merger. But more specifically, using material from staff training courses, it looks at how the Bank, like other modern organisations, develops its own internal discourse of the necessity and value of change, as a kind of moral imperative imposed on staff. Moreover, it looks at how the discourse of change within HBOS tended to construct Bank of Scotland as older and backward, and Halifax as younger and progressive, and the ideological work this was doing. The concept of ‘social change’ is scrutinised in the middle section, along with corollary concepts of competition, social structure and agency.Less
This chapter examines how HBOS staff were coping with and making sense of rapid organisational change during the early days of merger. But more specifically, using material from staff training courses, it looks at how the Bank, like other modern organisations, develops its own internal discourse of the necessity and value of change, as a kind of moral imperative imposed on staff. Moreover, it looks at how the discourse of change within HBOS tended to construct Bank of Scotland as older and backward, and Halifax as younger and progressive, and the ideological work this was doing. The concept of ‘social change’ is scrutinised in the middle section, along with corollary concepts of competition, social structure and agency.
Markus Eberl
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813056555
- eISBN:
- 9780813053486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056555.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter questions how innovation can help us to understand social change. Current models of society emphasize structures and agency. Societies have structural properties in the form of virtual ...
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This chapter questions how innovation can help us to understand social change. Current models of society emphasize structures and agency. Societies have structural properties in the form of virtual schemas and actual resources. Individuals are knowledgeable and self-reflexive about society. They internalize these properties and apply their tacit knowledge in their daily behaviors to recreate society. Habits explain how societies and their structural properties are maintained, yet they make it difficult to account for change. While innovation explains change in industrial Western societies, it remains underutilized for ancient societies, and, even then, it is often restricted to evolutionary approaches that privilege modern technology. Here, innovation is embedded in specific cultural and historical contexts, specifically ancient Maya culture.Less
This chapter questions how innovation can help us to understand social change. Current models of society emphasize structures and agency. Societies have structural properties in the form of virtual schemas and actual resources. Individuals are knowledgeable and self-reflexive about society. They internalize these properties and apply their tacit knowledge in their daily behaviors to recreate society. Habits explain how societies and their structural properties are maintained, yet they make it difficult to account for change. While innovation explains change in industrial Western societies, it remains underutilized for ancient societies, and, even then, it is often restricted to evolutionary approaches that privilege modern technology. Here, innovation is embedded in specific cultural and historical contexts, specifically ancient Maya culture.
Angela Davis
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719084553
- eISBN:
- 9781781702109
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719084553.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter introduces the debates surrounding the history of motherhood and how this book adds to our understanding of the subject. It explains why the period after 1945 is of particular importance ...
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This chapter introduces the debates surrounding the history of motherhood and how this book adds to our understanding of the subject. It explains why the period after 1945 is of particular importance and interest due to changing conceptions of the role of women that were occurring at this time. It demonstrates how women in the post-war decades were making their choices in respect to motherhood in a new context, with post-war welfare reforms, the introduction of the NHS, falling maternal and infant mortality rates, and rising numbers of married women in the workforce. Further changes then occurred in the latter decades of the century, such as rising rates of cohabitation and divorce. The chapter also discusses the book’s use of oral history as a methodology and Oxfordshire as a case study.Less
This chapter introduces the debates surrounding the history of motherhood and how this book adds to our understanding of the subject. It explains why the period after 1945 is of particular importance and interest due to changing conceptions of the role of women that were occurring at this time. It demonstrates how women in the post-war decades were making their choices in respect to motherhood in a new context, with post-war welfare reforms, the introduction of the NHS, falling maternal and infant mortality rates, and rising numbers of married women in the workforce. Further changes then occurred in the latter decades of the century, such as rising rates of cohabitation and divorce. The chapter also discusses the book’s use of oral history as a methodology and Oxfordshire as a case study.
