Miranda Fricker
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198237907
- eISBN:
- 9780191706844
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198237907.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter traces the genealogy of the virtue of testimonial justice back to the State of Nature. Building on Bernard Williams' account of two basic ‘virtues of truth’, namely Accuracy and ...
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This chapter traces the genealogy of the virtue of testimonial justice back to the State of Nature. Building on Bernard Williams' account of two basic ‘virtues of truth’, namely Accuracy and Sincerity, it is argued that an original virtue of Testimonial Justice is similarly a fundamental virtue of truth. The question of the virtue's status as either an intellectual or ethical virtue is addressed. It is argued that testimonial justice is a genuine hybrid — both ethical and intellectual — for it aims at once at truth and justice.Less
This chapter traces the genealogy of the virtue of testimonial justice back to the State of Nature. Building on Bernard Williams' account of two basic ‘virtues of truth’, namely Accuracy and Sincerity, it is argued that an original virtue of Testimonial Justice is similarly a fundamental virtue of truth. The question of the virtue's status as either an intellectual or ethical virtue is addressed. It is argued that testimonial justice is a genuine hybrid — both ethical and intellectual — for it aims at once at truth and justice.
Wendie E Schneider
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300125665
- eISBN:
- 9780300216554
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300125665.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Engines of Truth explores the history of nineteenth-century British trial procedure from the novel viewpoint of efforts to control perjury. Perjury emerged as an acute problem in the Victorian era: ...
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Engines of Truth explores the history of nineteenth-century British trial procedure from the novel viewpoint of efforts to control perjury. Perjury emerged as an acute problem in the Victorian era: new rules allowed many more witnesses to testify, increasing the opportunities for deceit; a broader cultural emphasis on sincerity and truth-telling made the threat seem even greater. Engines of Truth traces the experiments pursued to control witnesses’ truthfulness, from criminal prosecutions and increased reliance on cross-examination, to shame sanctions in British India and inquisitorial investigation in the new Divorce Court. Blending legal, social and colonial history, it employs a broad array of sources, including colonial archival material, provincial newspaper coverage, home office records, literary sources, and legislative records. Engines of Truth concludes with a new look at the pivotal 1898 Criminal Evidence Act in Britain, which allowed criminal defendants to testify on oath, placing that Act within the context of a history of sexual scandals that played out in Victorian courtrooms. While many of the experiments it describes failed, the process of innovation this book charts shaped modern trial procedure. Both the United States and the United Kingdom rely heavily on cross-examination as the main test of witness truthfulness, a by-product of this experimentation. In American law, cross-examination is still described as the “greatest legal engine ever invented for the discovery of truth;” this book provides a new understanding of the complex process that led to its ascendency.Less
Engines of Truth explores the history of nineteenth-century British trial procedure from the novel viewpoint of efforts to control perjury. Perjury emerged as an acute problem in the Victorian era: new rules allowed many more witnesses to testify, increasing the opportunities for deceit; a broader cultural emphasis on sincerity and truth-telling made the threat seem even greater. Engines of Truth traces the experiments pursued to control witnesses’ truthfulness, from criminal prosecutions and increased reliance on cross-examination, to shame sanctions in British India and inquisitorial investigation in the new Divorce Court. Blending legal, social and colonial history, it employs a broad array of sources, including colonial archival material, provincial newspaper coverage, home office records, literary sources, and legislative records. Engines of Truth concludes with a new look at the pivotal 1898 Criminal Evidence Act in Britain, which allowed criminal defendants to testify on oath, placing that Act within the context of a history of sexual scandals that played out in Victorian courtrooms. While many of the experiments it describes failed, the process of innovation this book charts shaped modern trial procedure. Both the United States and the United Kingdom rely heavily on cross-examination as the main test of witness truthfulness, a by-product of this experimentation. In American law, cross-examination is still described as the “greatest legal engine ever invented for the discovery of truth;” this book provides a new understanding of the complex process that led to its ascendency.
Andrew Dean
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- April 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780198871408
- eISBN:
- 9780191914300
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198871408.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter briefly examines the endurance of debates about ‘irony’ today. It argues that contemporary claims about the politics of irony in fact reflect unresolved debates from the reception of ...
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This chapter briefly examines the endurance of debates about ‘irony’ today. It argues that contemporary claims about the politics of irony in fact reflect unresolved debates from the reception of ‘postmodern metafiction’ more generally. This is especially the case following the emergence of a ‘new sincerity’. The chapter suggests that the contemporary public reception of ‘postmodernism’—its aesthetics and politics—generally misrecognizes the object of critique. This reception does not recognize what career metafictionists such as J. M. Coetzee, Janet Frame, and Philip Roth were actually doing. The chapter concludes by suggesting the history of postwar fiction, freed from the encumbrances of various critical enterprises, should now proceed by paying closer attention to the careers and archives of the writers we are examining.Less
This chapter briefly examines the endurance of debates about ‘irony’ today. It argues that contemporary claims about the politics of irony in fact reflect unresolved debates from the reception of ‘postmodern metafiction’ more generally. This is especially the case following the emergence of a ‘new sincerity’. The chapter suggests that the contemporary public reception of ‘postmodernism’—its aesthetics and politics—generally misrecognizes the object of critique. This reception does not recognize what career metafictionists such as J. M. Coetzee, Janet Frame, and Philip Roth were actually doing. The chapter concludes by suggesting the history of postwar fiction, freed from the encumbrances of various critical enterprises, should now proceed by paying closer attention to the careers and archives of the writers we are examining.
Michael Cunningham
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719089268
- eISBN:
- 9781781707654
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089268.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This chapter examines the four most significant issues that are raised in a consideration of the political apology. These are responsibility over generations, the question of the impact of time, ...
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This chapter examines the four most significant issues that are raised in a consideration of the political apology. These are responsibility over generations, the question of the impact of time, identifying to whom the apology is due and the question of how sincerity can be measured.Less
This chapter examines the four most significant issues that are raised in a consideration of the political apology. These are responsibility over generations, the question of the impact of time, identifying to whom the apology is due and the question of how sincerity can be measured.
Katherine Davies
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823262373
- eISBN:
- 9780823266425
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823262373.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Katherine Davies explores the role of sincerity in the life and though of the literary critic and Catholic convert, Charles Du Bos. The notion and practice of sincerity, manifest in Du Bos’s ...
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Katherine Davies explores the role of sincerity in the life and though of the literary critic and Catholic convert, Charles Du Bos. The notion and practice of sincerity, manifest in Du Bos’s spiritual life and literary work, and arguably his touchstone for pluralist engagement, brought into focus the difficult relationship between the temporal and the spiritual self, between ecclesiastical orthodoxy and the autonomy of the individual and writer. The experiential, aesthetic-ethical nature of Du Bos’s faith and his lifelong concern for the inner life of the soul often placed him at odds with the intellectualist system of interwar neo-Thomism. Du Bos’s sincerity was indicative of a broader phenomenon in the 1930s, namely, the quest for authenticity championed by humanist writers and the new so-called “philosophy of the concrete.” Situated between a respect for neo-Thomism and his natural kinship with the concrete historicity of the human being, Du Bos’s sincerity is tentatively suggestive of the first steps towards Nouvelle théologie.Less
Katherine Davies explores the role of sincerity in the life and though of the literary critic and Catholic convert, Charles Du Bos. The notion and practice of sincerity, manifest in Du Bos’s spiritual life and literary work, and arguably his touchstone for pluralist engagement, brought into focus the difficult relationship between the temporal and the spiritual self, between ecclesiastical orthodoxy and the autonomy of the individual and writer. The experiential, aesthetic-ethical nature of Du Bos’s faith and his lifelong concern for the inner life of the soul often placed him at odds with the intellectualist system of interwar neo-Thomism. Du Bos’s sincerity was indicative of a broader phenomenon in the 1930s, namely, the quest for authenticity championed by humanist writers and the new so-called “philosophy of the concrete.” Situated between a respect for neo-Thomism and his natural kinship with the concrete historicity of the human being, Du Bos’s sincerity is tentatively suggestive of the first steps towards Nouvelle théologie.
Simon Coleman
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520288423
- eISBN:
- 9780520963368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520288423.003.0021
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Religion
‘We’re all Protestants now,’ has been claimed by some religious commentators in the light of Vatican II reforms, and these words have still wider resonances as a way of referring to ‘a ...
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‘We’re all Protestants now,’ has been claimed by some religious commentators in the light of Vatican II reforms, and these words have still wider resonances as a way of referring to ‘a world-historical configuration’ that has far exceeded its particular doctrinal affiliations. The anthropology of Christianity has tended to privilege Protestantism in providing diagnoses of ‘modern’ consciousness, not least through developing particular interpretations of the fate of sincerity, materiality and selfhood in much of the contemporary world. Such an argument has resonance, but what are its limits? And what are the potential ingredients of an alternative claim, that ‘We’re all Catholics now’? This chapter explores an alternative genealogy of modernity, invoking different notions of the self and of materiality, ones that can be traced not only in Roman Catholic populations, but also among believers conventionally assumed to be Protestant as well as in more secular discourses. Such a conception includes flexible and adaptive ritual forms such as pilgrimage that have sometimes been dismissed as mere tradition, but which contain powerful means of addressing current political, economic and cultural conjunctures, as well as indicating possible future modalities of relating to religion in a much wider sense.Less
‘We’re all Protestants now,’ has been claimed by some religious commentators in the light of Vatican II reforms, and these words have still wider resonances as a way of referring to ‘a world-historical configuration’ that has far exceeded its particular doctrinal affiliations. The anthropology of Christianity has tended to privilege Protestantism in providing diagnoses of ‘modern’ consciousness, not least through developing particular interpretations of the fate of sincerity, materiality and selfhood in much of the contemporary world. Such an argument has resonance, but what are its limits? And what are the potential ingredients of an alternative claim, that ‘We’re all Catholics now’? This chapter explores an alternative genealogy of modernity, invoking different notions of the self and of materiality, ones that can be traced not only in Roman Catholic populations, but also among believers conventionally assumed to be Protestant as well as in more secular discourses. Such a conception includes flexible and adaptive ritual forms such as pilgrimage that have sometimes been dismissed as mere tradition, but which contain powerful means of addressing current political, economic and cultural conjunctures, as well as indicating possible future modalities of relating to religion in a much wider sense.
Charles Burnetts
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748698196
- eISBN:
- 9781474434881
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748698196.003.0006
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Chapter Five’s examines two ‘post-classical’ examples of Hollywood’s war/combat genre, examining their problematic negotiation of sentimentality as fundamentally melodramatic films. The ‘camp’ ...
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Chapter Five’s examines two ‘post-classical’ examples of Hollywood’s war/combat genre, examining their problematic negotiation of sentimentality as fundamentally melodramatic films. The ‘camp’ appropriation of violence and identity of Quentin Tarantino’s Inglourious Basterds (2009) is conceived in such respects as an apparent rhetorical antidote to the ‘New Sincerity’ of Steven Spielberg’sSaving Private Ryan (1998), a negotiation that is problematised by its own reliance on gendered discourses of action and resistance as adequate responses to trauma and memory. The chapter draws on ideas examined in previous chapters regarding the functions of irony and violence as countrapuntal registers to sentimentality, contextualising the two films as tonally different responses to US militarism in the post-Vietnam era.Less
Chapter Five’s examines two ‘post-classical’ examples of Hollywood’s war/combat genre, examining their problematic negotiation of sentimentality as fundamentally melodramatic films. The ‘camp’ appropriation of violence and identity of Quentin Tarantino’s Inglourious Basterds (2009) is conceived in such respects as an apparent rhetorical antidote to the ‘New Sincerity’ of Steven Spielberg’sSaving Private Ryan (1998), a negotiation that is problematised by its own reliance on gendered discourses of action and resistance as adequate responses to trauma and memory. The chapter draws on ideas examined in previous chapters regarding the functions of irony and violence as countrapuntal registers to sentimentality, contextualising the two films as tonally different responses to US militarism in the post-Vietnam era.
Mark Evan Bonds
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190068479
- eISBN:
- 9780190068509
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190068479.003.0005
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
After 1830 the idea of subjective expression in music became the new norm. The framework of rhetoric gave way to the framework of hermeneutics: audiences began to think about what they were hearing ...
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After 1830 the idea of subjective expression in music became the new norm. The framework of rhetoric gave way to the framework of hermeneutics: audiences began to think about what they were hearing from the perspective of the composer, seeking to understand what each was trying to “say” in every new work. Composers, for their part, both encouraged and profited from the new premise of expressive subjectivity. They embraced the role of oracle. Liberated, as it were, from the obligations of comprehensibility, they were now in a position to cultivate increasingly idiosyncratic styles, which in turn were heard as reflecting their distinctive individualities. By the middle of the nineteenth century, listeners assumed that any composer with pretensions to seriousness of purpose would possess a unique “voice” that projected a deeper, inner self.Less
After 1830 the idea of subjective expression in music became the new norm. The framework of rhetoric gave way to the framework of hermeneutics: audiences began to think about what they were hearing from the perspective of the composer, seeking to understand what each was trying to “say” in every new work. Composers, for their part, both encouraged and profited from the new premise of expressive subjectivity. They embraced the role of oracle. Liberated, as it were, from the obligations of comprehensibility, they were now in a position to cultivate increasingly idiosyncratic styles, which in turn were heard as reflecting their distinctive individualities. By the middle of the nineteenth century, listeners assumed that any composer with pretensions to seriousness of purpose would possess a unique “voice” that projected a deeper, inner self.
Kent Greenawalt
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199756162
- eISBN:
- 9780190608897
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199756162.003.0021
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
“Five Questions About Religion Judges Are Afraid to Ask” explores various matters that judges often avoid, partly because their involvement would constitute an inappropriate connection between state ...
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“Five Questions About Religion Judges Are Afraid to Ask” explores various matters that judges often avoid, partly because their involvement would constitute an inappropriate connection between state and religion. Judges cannot determine whether a claim is accurate, or whether it conforms to the doctrines of a religious organization. They hesitate to inquire deeply into sincerity and to judge the substantiality of a burden. Although they must often treat a claim as “religious” or not, judges hesitate to define religion. The essay defends the position that “religion” is not susceptible to a clear definition, but depends on multiple factors. Many of the subjects in this essay also arise under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. The recent Hobby Lobby case interpreting that statute reveals how difficult it can be to discern genuine a “substantial burden” and how, with extended exemptions, sincerity can also often become a problem in some settings.Less
“Five Questions About Religion Judges Are Afraid to Ask” explores various matters that judges often avoid, partly because their involvement would constitute an inappropriate connection between state and religion. Judges cannot determine whether a claim is accurate, or whether it conforms to the doctrines of a religious organization. They hesitate to inquire deeply into sincerity and to judge the substantiality of a burden. Although they must often treat a claim as “religious” or not, judges hesitate to define religion. The essay defends the position that “religion” is not susceptible to a clear definition, but depends on multiple factors. Many of the subjects in this essay also arise under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. The recent Hobby Lobby case interpreting that statute reveals how difficult it can be to discern genuine a “substantial burden” and how, with extended exemptions, sincerity can also often become a problem in some settings.
