David M. Williams and Andrew P. White
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780969588504
- eISBN:
- 9781786944931
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780969588504.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning the Technology of Shipping throughout history, with ship types categorised as either Ancient and Medieval or Modern.
A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning the Technology of Shipping throughout history, with ship types categorised as either Ancient and Medieval or Modern.
Lewis R. Fischer and Even Lange (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780973893472
- eISBN:
- 9781786944573
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973893472.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This book compiles seven essays concerning changes to merchant shipping over the hundred and fifty years between 1850 and 2000, and spanning a range of countries, with particular focus on Norway, ...
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This book compiles seven essays concerning changes to merchant shipping over the hundred and fifty years between 1850 and 2000, and spanning a range of countries, with particular focus on Norway, Greece, Japan, and England. The essays are linked by the theme of change: from traditional to modern shipping; in fluctuating cargo demands; from sail to steam; wood to iron; in improvements in communication technologies; in political natures and affiliations; in seafaring skillsets; in the advent of containerisation and advent of globalisation. The overall aim is to construct a solid international context for the merchant shipping industry in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries - primarily to aid a major Norwegian deep-sea merchant marine project. The book contains an introduction that sets out these aims, and seven essays by maritime historians which form part of the international contextual whole, though all can be approached individually.Less
This book compiles seven essays concerning changes to merchant shipping over the hundred and fifty years between 1850 and 2000, and spanning a range of countries, with particular focus on Norway, Greece, Japan, and England. The essays are linked by the theme of change: from traditional to modern shipping; in fluctuating cargo demands; from sail to steam; wood to iron; in improvements in communication technologies; in political natures and affiliations; in seafaring skillsets; in the advent of containerisation and advent of globalisation. The overall aim is to construct a solid international context for the merchant shipping industry in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries - primarily to aid a major Norwegian deep-sea merchant marine project. The book contains an introduction that sets out these aims, and seven essays by maritime historians which form part of the international contextual whole, though all can be approached individually.
Malcolm Tull
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780968128824
- eISBN:
- 9781786944825
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780968128824.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter discusses the development of port activity to suit the movement of ships. Over the course of the twentieth century the average vessel size grew from 5200 to 19,000 gross registered tons. ...
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This chapter discusses the development of port activity to suit the movement of ships. Over the course of the twentieth century the average vessel size grew from 5200 to 19,000 gross registered tons. The development in ship technology changed the nature, shape and weight of cargo and passenger ships significantly enough to require a vast restructuring of the port to include deep-water channels and berths - a costly endeavour.Less
This chapter discusses the development of port activity to suit the movement of ships. Over the course of the twentieth century the average vessel size grew from 5200 to 19,000 gross registered tons. The development in ship technology changed the nature, shape and weight of cargo and passenger ships significantly enough to require a vast restructuring of the port to include deep-water channels and berths - a costly endeavour.
John Armstrong and David M. Williams
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780986497377
- eISBN:
- 9781786944474
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780986497377.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This book presents an in-depth study of the impact of the steamship on Britain during its first forty years, roughly between 1810 and 1850. It relates the early steamship to several industrial themes ...
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This book presents an in-depth study of the impact of the steamship on Britain during its first forty years, roughly between 1810 and 1850. It relates the early steamship to several industrial themes including diffusion; construction; modernisation; the role of government - particularly the difficult attempt to align laissez-faire politics with the greater need for public safety measures due to technological advance; business and finance; plus public reaction and tourism. The aim is to establish the significance of the steamship as a conduit of modernisation and societal change. It consists of a foreword, introduction, and fourteen chapters devoted to specific themes, structured to ensure each chapters build on the preceding chapter’s progress. Collectively, they demonstrate that the development of both experience and enterprise with steam power both gained and refined during this period made the mid-century expansion of steamship technology across Britain possible. Ultimately, it establishes that steamship services began to adapt to oceanic routes, steam began to integrate into the world economy, and the age of sail began to draw to a close.Less
This book presents an in-depth study of the impact of the steamship on Britain during its first forty years, roughly between 1810 and 1850. It relates the early steamship to several industrial themes including diffusion; construction; modernisation; the role of government - particularly the difficult attempt to align laissez-faire politics with the greater need for public safety measures due to technological advance; business and finance; plus public reaction and tourism. The aim is to establish the significance of the steamship as a conduit of modernisation and societal change. It consists of a foreword, introduction, and fourteen chapters devoted to specific themes, structured to ensure each chapters build on the preceding chapter’s progress. Collectively, they demonstrate that the development of both experience and enterprise with steam power both gained and refined during this period made the mid-century expansion of steamship technology across Britain possible. Ultimately, it establishes that steamship services began to adapt to oceanic routes, steam began to integrate into the world economy, and the age of sail began to draw to a close.
S.G. Sturmey
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780986497322
- eISBN:
- 9781786944528
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780986497322.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter examines British shipping in the interwar period, with the intent of understanding why tonnage levels had dropped to 5.1 million tons below the pre-war growth rate by 1939. It examines ...
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This chapter examines British shipping in the interwar period, with the intent of understanding why tonnage levels had dropped to 5.1 million tons below the pre-war growth rate by 1939. It examines trend projections; trade, freights, and tonnage data; fuel trades; and the advent of motor ship technology to make an economic analysis, before comparing and contrasting Britain with contemporary Norwegian and German shipping to provide an international context. The conclusion states that the interwar period was difficult for British shipowners due to factors outside of their control, such as the decline of the British coal trade, the protection of British labour, and an over-tonnaged world market.Less
This chapter examines British shipping in the interwar period, with the intent of understanding why tonnage levels had dropped to 5.1 million tons below the pre-war growth rate by 1939. It examines trend projections; trade, freights, and tonnage data; fuel trades; and the advent of motor ship technology to make an economic analysis, before comparing and contrasting Britain with contemporary Norwegian and German shipping to provide an international context. The conclusion states that the interwar period was difficult for British shipowners due to factors outside of their control, such as the decline of the British coal trade, the protection of British labour, and an over-tonnaged world market.
Adrian Jarvis
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780973007367
- eISBN:
- 9781786944689
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973007367.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This study provides a history of the Port of Liverpool between 1905 and 1938, during its decline. It is particularly interested in the history of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, Liverpool’s ...
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This study provides a history of the Port of Liverpool between 1905 and 1938, during its decline. It is particularly interested in the history of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, Liverpool’s enormous and sole port authority. Adrian Jarvis contrasts the decision-making process of the Board with the financial history of the docks, in attempt to evaluate the Board successes and failures. The study accounts for and explores the factors which contributed to the decline of Liverpool’s shipping industry, with topics ranging from the growth of railways, the advances in shipping technology, the success of commercial liners, to the Great Depression and Great War. The study is complemented with an appendix exploring the efficiency of ports; a bibliography; a note on the sources; an index; and a conclusion that asserts the overall merit of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board when considering the tremendous and often unpredictable challenges the Board faced, such as wartime disruption.Less
This study provides a history of the Port of Liverpool between 1905 and 1938, during its decline. It is particularly interested in the history of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, Liverpool’s enormous and sole port authority. Adrian Jarvis contrasts the decision-making process of the Board with the financial history of the docks, in attempt to evaluate the Board successes and failures. The study accounts for and explores the factors which contributed to the decline of Liverpool’s shipping industry, with topics ranging from the growth of railways, the advances in shipping technology, the success of commercial liners, to the Great Depression and Great War. The study is complemented with an appendix exploring the efficiency of ports; a bibliography; a note on the sources; an index; and a conclusion that asserts the overall merit of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board when considering the tremendous and often unpredictable challenges the Board faced, such as wartime disruption.
S.G. Sturmey
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780986497322
- eISBN:
- 9781786944528
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780986497322.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter explores the economics of British shipping enterprises in relation to the necessary factors for economic expansion. It examines the economics of different ship types - cargo liners, ...
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This chapter explores the economics of British shipping enterprises in relation to the necessary factors for economic expansion. It examines the economics of different ship types - cargo liners, passenger liners, tramps, and tankers - their cost structures; profitability; vessel technology; and ability to attract and retain both capital and labour. It concludes with predictions for post-1960 shipping economics, and suggests that smaller companies would be more likely to suffer from stunted fleet growth than larger, established companies.Less
This chapter explores the economics of British shipping enterprises in relation to the necessary factors for economic expansion. It examines the economics of different ship types - cargo liners, passenger liners, tramps, and tankers - their cost structures; profitability; vessel technology; and ability to attract and retain both capital and labour. It concludes with predictions for post-1960 shipping economics, and suggests that smaller companies would be more likely to suffer from stunted fleet growth than larger, established companies.
Adrian Jarvis
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780968128848
- eISBN:
- 9781786944801
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780968128848.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter examines the significance of technological developments within the shipping industry, and how they enabled the internationalisation of the industry. Topics covered include refrigerated ...
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This chapter examines the significance of technological developments within the shipping industry, and how they enabled the internationalisation of the industry. Topics covered include refrigerated shipping, telegraphs, wireless communication, grain-handling facilities, and port-related developments (with particular focus on the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board of Liverpool.) The author concludes by asserting the cumulative nature of technological development pushed the industry forward and enabled economic growth.Less
This chapter examines the significance of technological developments within the shipping industry, and how they enabled the internationalisation of the industry. Topics covered include refrigerated shipping, telegraphs, wireless communication, grain-handling facilities, and port-related developments (with particular focus on the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board of Liverpool.) The author concludes by asserting the cumulative nature of technological development pushed the industry forward and enabled economic growth.
Yrjö Kaukiainen
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780968128848
- eISBN:
- 9781786944801
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780968128848.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter challenges the assumption that international freight markets were not possible until the advent of steam shipping and telegraph communication, instead arguing that much of the framework ...
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This chapter challenges the assumption that international freight markets were not possible until the advent of steam shipping and telegraph communication, instead arguing that much of the framework was developed during the age of sail. It accomplishes this by examining the everyday business practices of freight markers during the 1830s and 1840s, particularly the source material from the life and records of Finnish shipowner, Peter Malm Jr. The analysis of his records shows that shipping efficiency did improve during the period, through an increased speed of communication, integration of freight and commodity markets, and a decrease in time spent in docks (demonstrating an improvement in cargo handling). However, the author notes that Malm’s successes were typical or atypical, and may not be fully representative of the industry.Less
This chapter challenges the assumption that international freight markets were not possible until the advent of steam shipping and telegraph communication, instead arguing that much of the framework was developed during the age of sail. It accomplishes this by examining the everyday business practices of freight markers during the 1830s and 1840s, particularly the source material from the life and records of Finnish shipowner, Peter Malm Jr. The analysis of his records shows that shipping efficiency did improve during the period, through an increased speed of communication, integration of freight and commodity markets, and a decrease in time spent in docks (demonstrating an improvement in cargo handling). However, the author notes that Malm’s successes were typical or atypical, and may not be fully representative of the industry.
Frank Broeze
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973007336
- eISBN:
- 9781786944719
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973007336.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This chapter serves as a conceptual introduction to containerism. It follows a concise, linear route through the development of the industry, and discusses the relevant factors and technologies that ...
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This chapter serves as a conceptual introduction to containerism. It follows a concise, linear route through the development of the industry, and discusses the relevant factors and technologies that enabled its rise to prominence within the shipping industry. It summarises the industry’s growth by claiming the rapid improvement of technologies and the global demand for the service created a tremendous momentum brought the industry into prominenceLess
This chapter serves as a conceptual introduction to containerism. It follows a concise, linear route through the development of the industry, and discusses the relevant factors and technologies that enabled its rise to prominence within the shipping industry. It summarises the industry’s growth by claiming the rapid improvement of technologies and the global demand for the service created a tremendous momentum brought the industry into prominence
