Charlotte A. Quinn and Frederick Quinn
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195063868
- eISBN:
- 9780199834587
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195063864.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Islam is spreading rapidly in sub‐Saharan Africa, home of more than 150 million Muslims. African Islam is local Islam, responsive to local histories in cultures as diverse as the countries considered ...
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Islam is spreading rapidly in sub‐Saharan Africa, home of more than 150 million Muslims. African Islam is local Islam, responsive to local histories in cultures as diverse as the countries considered in this study – Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Kenya, and South Africa. Islam provides a source of communal identity to those experiencing rapid change, populations affected by secularization, unemployment, corrupt and ineffectual governments, and the intrusions of global media. The spread of Islam ascends as respect for the state declines. Ironically, the same Muslim believers who rail against Western materialism are keen on adopting the most modern technologies to communicate with members, and to find access to employment and economic opportunities in the West. As for Islamic fundamentalists (Islamists) the danger is that given Africa's porous borders and weak state structures, such groups can move about easily, feeding on popular discontent. Often more political than theological in aspirations, there is no certainty that the Islamist position will advance in Africa. Opposition includes central governments, many of them with Muslims in key positions, and numerous traditional Islamic rulers and brotherhoods, more moderate in outlook. The extent to which imposition of Sharia, traditional Islamic law, is introduced in a country can be a barometer of the extent of Islamic influence. This timely study is based on extensive field research, including oral interviews, the study of contemporary local sources, and historical research by two scholars with long familiarity with the subject.Less
Islam is spreading rapidly in sub‐Saharan Africa, home of more than 150 million Muslims. African Islam is local Islam, responsive to local histories in cultures as diverse as the countries considered in this study – Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Kenya, and South Africa. Islam provides a source of communal identity to those experiencing rapid change, populations affected by secularization, unemployment, corrupt and ineffectual governments, and the intrusions of global media. The spread of Islam ascends as respect for the state declines. Ironically, the same Muslim believers who rail against Western materialism are keen on adopting the most modern technologies to communicate with members, and to find access to employment and economic opportunities in the West. As for Islamic fundamentalists (Islamists) the danger is that given Africa's porous borders and weak state structures, such groups can move about easily, feeding on popular discontent. Often more political than theological in aspirations, there is no certainty that the Islamist position will advance in Africa. Opposition includes central governments, many of them with Muslims in key positions, and numerous traditional Islamic rulers and brotherhoods, more moderate in outlook. The extent to which imposition of Sharia, traditional Islamic law, is introduced in a country can be a barometer of the extent of Islamic influence. This timely study is based on extensive field research, including oral interviews, the study of contemporary local sources, and historical research by two scholars with long familiarity with the subject.
Petra Bendel
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198296454
- eISBN:
- 9780191600036
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296452.003.0042
- Subject:
- Political Science, Reference
This chapter on elections and electoral systems in Senegal follows the same format as all the other country chapters in the book. The first section is introductory and contains a historical overview, ...
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This chapter on elections and electoral systems in Senegal follows the same format as all the other country chapters in the book. The first section is introductory and contains a historical overview, discussion of the evolution of electoral provisions, an account of the current electoral provisions, and a comment on the electoral statistics. The second section consists of ten tables. These are: 2.1 Dates of National Elections, Referendums, and Coups d’Etat (there have been no coups d’état); 2.2 Electoral Body 1958–1998 (data on population size, registered voters, and votes cast); 2.3 Abbreviations (abbreviations and full names of political parties and alliances used in tables 2.6, 2.7, and 2.9); 2.4 Electoral Participation of Parties and Alliances 1959–1998 (participation of political parties and alliances in chronological order and including the years and number of contested elections); 2.5 Referendums 1958–1970 (details of registered voters and votes cast); 2.6 Elections for Constitutional Assembly (none held); 2.7 Parliamentary Elections 1959–1998 (details of registered voters and votes cast, nationally and regionally); 2.8 Composition of Parliament 1963–1998; 2.9 Presidential Elections 1963–1993 (details of registered voters and votes cast, nationally and regionally); and 2.10 List of Power Holders 1960–1998.Less
This chapter on elections and electoral systems in Senegal follows the same format as all the other country chapters in the book. The first section is introductory and contains a historical overview, discussion of the evolution of electoral provisions, an account of the current electoral provisions, and a comment on the electoral statistics. The second section consists of ten tables. These are: 2.1 Dates of National Elections, Referendums, and Coups d’Etat (there have been no coups d’état); 2.2 Electoral Body 1958–1998 (data on population size, registered voters, and votes cast); 2.3 Abbreviations (abbreviations and full names of political parties and alliances used in tables 2.6, 2.7, and 2.9); 2.4 Electoral Participation of Parties and Alliances 1959–1998 (participation of political parties and alliances in chronological order and including the years and number of contested elections); 2.5 Referendums 1958–1970 (details of registered voters and votes cast); 2.6 Elections for Constitutional Assembly (none held); 2.7 Parliamentary Elections 1959–1998 (details of registered voters and votes cast, nationally and regionally); 2.8 Composition of Parliament 1963–1998; 2.9 Presidential Elections 1963–1993 (details of registered voters and votes cast, nationally and regionally); and 2.10 List of Power Holders 1960–1998.
Duana Fullwiley
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691123165
- eISBN:
- 9781400840410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691123165.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter explores prevailing attitudes in Senegal about sickle cell anemia and its biomedical and political stewards. It also looks at how the Senegalese have had to perform the discursive double ...
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This chapter explores prevailing attitudes in Senegal about sickle cell anemia and its biomedical and political stewards. It also looks at how the Senegalese have had to perform the discursive double duty of protesting public neglect and political apathy with regard to the disease, while promoting a self-based conception of vitality for those who have the capacity to “live well” with it. Their frustration that Senegal's health ministry, and larger government, has long ignored sickle cell as a public health problem, is articulated alongside their own strength and will to live “normally.” This chapter takes a closer look at this configuration of crisis and subsequent contrary affirmation of an intuited, lived (but not yet officially sanctioned) description of the nature of things.Less
This chapter explores prevailing attitudes in Senegal about sickle cell anemia and its biomedical and political stewards. It also looks at how the Senegalese have had to perform the discursive double duty of protesting public neglect and political apathy with regard to the disease, while promoting a self-based conception of vitality for those who have the capacity to “live well” with it. Their frustration that Senegal's health ministry, and larger government, has long ignored sickle cell as a public health problem, is articulated alongside their own strength and will to live “normally.” This chapter takes a closer look at this configuration of crisis and subsequent contrary affirmation of an intuited, lived (but not yet officially sanctioned) description of the nature of things.
Duana Fullwiley
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691123165
- eISBN:
- 9781400840410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691123165.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This concluding chapter chronicles further developments in Senegal as well as on sickle cell anemia awareness in particular. It first discusses the shortcomings and successes of the sickle cell ...
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This concluding chapter chronicles further developments in Senegal as well as on sickle cell anemia awareness in particular. It first discusses the shortcomings and successes of the sickle cell movement before pondering on the narrative “associations” families affected by sickle cell anemia make on the recent past. The chapter then explores some insights on Africa's place in the context of global interdependence and inequality, bringing to the fore the realities the Senegalese face from a political and economic standpoint. Finally, the chapter looks at the scope of African genetics and anthropology in the world today, particularly in the announcement of a new project for The Human Heredity and Health in Africa Project, designated as “H³ Africa.”Less
This concluding chapter chronicles further developments in Senegal as well as on sickle cell anemia awareness in particular. It first discusses the shortcomings and successes of the sickle cell movement before pondering on the narrative “associations” families affected by sickle cell anemia make on the recent past. The chapter then explores some insights on Africa's place in the context of global interdependence and inequality, bringing to the fore the realities the Senegalese face from a political and economic standpoint. Finally, the chapter looks at the scope of African genetics and anthropology in the world today, particularly in the announcement of a new project for The Human Heredity and Health in Africa Project, designated as “H³ Africa.”
Adams Adrian and So Jaabe
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201915
- eISBN:
- 9780191675072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201915.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost ...
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In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost half its revenue from customs duties on imports, the government sought to maintain exports, rather than reduce imports. The Dakar International Fair was created to attract capital investment. Investment in tourism was welcomed. The U.S.-based corporation which set up BUD-Senegal, a large export-oriented market-gardening scheme, received major tax concessions; as did the French corporation which set up the Compagnie Sucrière Sénégalaise at Richard-Toll in the lower Senegal River Valley. After 1968, farmers left the delta in increasing numbers, and plans for bringing further surfaces under cultivation were suspended. The drought intensified, and ever greater numbers of men left to seek work in France, even though conditions for African workers in France were steadily worsening. In 1972, the River Valley suffered total crop failure.Less
In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost half its revenue from customs duties on imports, the government sought to maintain exports, rather than reduce imports. The Dakar International Fair was created to attract capital investment. Investment in tourism was welcomed. The U.S.-based corporation which set up BUD-Senegal, a large export-oriented market-gardening scheme, received major tax concessions; as did the French corporation which set up the Compagnie Sucrière Sénégalaise at Richard-Toll in the lower Senegal River Valley. After 1968, farmers left the delta in increasing numbers, and plans for bringing further surfaces under cultivation were suspended. The drought intensified, and ever greater numbers of men left to seek work in France, even though conditions for African workers in France were steadily worsening. In 1972, the River Valley suffered total crop failure.
Thomas T. Struhsaker
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198529583
- eISBN:
- 9780191712746
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198529583.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
Based on field studies spanning nearly 40 years, this reference book summarizes and integrates past research with new and previously unpublished information on the behavioral ecology of Africa's red ...
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Based on field studies spanning nearly 40 years, this reference book summarizes and integrates past research with new and previously unpublished information on the behavioral ecology of Africa's red colobus monkeys from study sites as diverse as Senegal, Uganda, and Zanzibar. It provides an unparalleled compilation of information on taxonomy, genetics, vocalizations, demography, social organization, dispersal, social behavior, reproduction, mortality factors, diet, ranging patterns, interspecific relations, and conservation. Social relationships in red colobus are less rigidly structured than in other African monkeys, resulting in considerable variation in social organization and group composition, both within and between taxa. This provides a unique opportunity to examine the extent to which social variables correlate with differences in habitat quality, demography, and predation by chimpanzees, and humans. Unfortunately, at least half of the 18 taxa of red colobus are now threatened with extinction. Conservation problems are described, causal factors identified, and solutions proposed. This volume is intended not only to serve as a reference book, but to stimulate and guide future long-term research and to encourage effective conservation action.Less
Based on field studies spanning nearly 40 years, this reference book summarizes and integrates past research with new and previously unpublished information on the behavioral ecology of Africa's red colobus monkeys from study sites as diverse as Senegal, Uganda, and Zanzibar. It provides an unparalleled compilation of information on taxonomy, genetics, vocalizations, demography, social organization, dispersal, social behavior, reproduction, mortality factors, diet, ranging patterns, interspecific relations, and conservation. Social relationships in red colobus are less rigidly structured than in other African monkeys, resulting in considerable variation in social organization and group composition, both within and between taxa. This provides a unique opportunity to examine the extent to which social variables correlate with differences in habitat quality, demography, and predation by chimpanzees, and humans. Unfortunately, at least half of the 18 taxa of red colobus are now threatened with extinction. Conservation problems are described, causal factors identified, and solutions proposed. This volume is intended not only to serve as a reference book, but to stimulate and guide future long-term research and to encourage effective conservation action.
Adrian Adams and Jaabe So
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201915
- eISBN:
- 9780191675072
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201915.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
In the early part of the 18th century, Jaabe So's ancestors founded a farm on the left bank of the Senegal river. Twenty years ago, So set up an independent farmers' association based among a group ...
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In the early part of the 18th century, Jaabe So's ancestors founded a farm on the left bank of the Senegal river. Twenty years ago, So set up an independent farmers' association based among a group of towns along that river. Since then, he and Adrian Adams have spent much of their lives struggling to defend the existence of that association against a state development corporation funded by development aid. This is a narrative of that struggle, placed in the context of three centuries of Senegalese history.Less
In the early part of the 18th century, Jaabe So's ancestors founded a farm on the left bank of the Senegal river. Twenty years ago, So set up an independent farmers' association based among a group of towns along that river. Since then, he and Adrian Adams have spent much of their lives struggling to defend the existence of that association against a state development corporation funded by development aid. This is a narrative of that struggle, placed in the context of three centuries of Senegalese history.
Charlotte A. Quinn and Frederick Quinn
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195063868
- eISBN:
- 9780199834587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195063864.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Islam in Senegal is at the threshold of political change, as a shift in power takes place among the Sufi brotherhoods (tariqa). Within the next decade, the growing Mouridiya brotherhood, founded by ...
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Islam in Senegal is at the threshold of political change, as a shift in power takes place among the Sufi brotherhoods (tariqa). Within the next decade, the growing Mouridiya brotherhood, founded by Amadou Bamba (1850–1927), is likely to overwhelm its rivals, such as the Tijaniya, an outgrowth of a Sufi mystical movement led by El Hajj Umar Tall, and later led by the Wolof cleric, Malik Sy (c.1855–1922). In the near term, the traditional symbiotic relationship between mosque and secular state is likely to continue as leaders on both sides act together and contain extremist Islamist tendencies and urban unrest. President Abdulaye Wade has adopted this balancing act policy in a country that is 94 % Muslim. Support of the Muslim community with its multiple interests is critical to Senegal's continued presence as a moderate, stable West African state. Issues facing the brotherhoods include unresolved succession questions affecting aging leaders, urbanization and growing population pressures, destructive agricultural practices, and social tensions, such as caste and class tensions.Less
Islam in Senegal is at the threshold of political change, as a shift in power takes place among the Sufi brotherhoods (tariqa). Within the next decade, the growing Mouridiya brotherhood, founded by Amadou Bamba (1850–1927), is likely to overwhelm its rivals, such as the Tijaniya, an outgrowth of a Sufi mystical movement led by El Hajj Umar Tall, and later led by the Wolof cleric, Malik Sy (c.1855–1922). In the near term, the traditional symbiotic relationship between mosque and secular state is likely to continue as leaders on both sides act together and contain extremist Islamist tendencies and urban unrest. President Abdulaye Wade has adopted this balancing act policy in a country that is 94 % Muslim. Support of the Muslim community with its multiple interests is critical to Senegal's continued presence as a moderate, stable West African state. Issues facing the brotherhoods include unresolved succession questions affecting aging leaders, urbanization and growing population pressures, destructive agricultural practices, and social tensions, such as caste and class tensions.
François G. Richard
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226252407
- eISBN:
- 9780226252681
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226252681.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
Reluctant Landscapes analyzes the political history of rural communities in the Siin province (Senegal) over the last 400 years. Much of Africa’s global history has been told from the standpoint of ...
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Reluctant Landscapes analyzes the political history of rural communities in the Siin province (Senegal) over the last 400 years. Much of Africa’s global history has been told from the standpoint of states, but less is known about peasants, whose past has often been written as a tale of political rupture or cultural persistence. Drawing on archaeology, history, and anthropology, this book charts how Siin villagers variably accommodated, resisted, or evaded the incursions of indigenous states, the Atlantic economy, colonialism, and postcolonial government. It pays particular attention to the role of material world – both the landscapes crafted by farmers over generations, and the systems of objects with which they interfaced through trade – in mediating between villagers and broader historical forces, and in shaping their political experiences. Over time, these material worlds incorporated the coordinates of a changing political economy, yet they also conserved certain principles of political life, whose expressions continue to orient collective expectations about politics today. Grounded in Siin’s history and cultural geography, the book not only intends to sharpen historical understanding of peasant communities in Senegal, but it also essays wider critical reflections about capitalism, international slavery, colonial governance, and post-independence statecraft in rural West Africa.Less
Reluctant Landscapes analyzes the political history of rural communities in the Siin province (Senegal) over the last 400 years. Much of Africa’s global history has been told from the standpoint of states, but less is known about peasants, whose past has often been written as a tale of political rupture or cultural persistence. Drawing on archaeology, history, and anthropology, this book charts how Siin villagers variably accommodated, resisted, or evaded the incursions of indigenous states, the Atlantic economy, colonialism, and postcolonial government. It pays particular attention to the role of material world – both the landscapes crafted by farmers over generations, and the systems of objects with which they interfaced through trade – in mediating between villagers and broader historical forces, and in shaping their political experiences. Over time, these material worlds incorporated the coordinates of a changing political economy, yet they also conserved certain principles of political life, whose expressions continue to orient collective expectations about politics today. Grounded in Siin’s history and cultural geography, the book not only intends to sharpen historical understanding of peasant communities in Senegal, but it also essays wider critical reflections about capitalism, international slavery, colonial governance, and post-independence statecraft in rural West Africa.
Robert Elgie
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199585984
- eISBN:
- 9780191729003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199585984.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter examines two natural-like experiments. It examines the case of Senegal from 2000 to 2010, where a democracy with a premier-presidential form of semi-presidentialism switched to a ...
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This chapter examines two natural-like experiments. It examines the case of Senegal from 2000 to 2010, where a democracy with a premier-presidential form of semi-presidentialism switched to a president-parliamentary form, and Portugal from 1976 to 1986 where a democracy with a president-parliamentary form switched to a premier-presidential form. The two cases are examined separately. The chapter demonstrates that the political process in Senegal became more unstable following the switch from premier-presidentialism to president-parliamentarism and that it became more stable following the switch from president-parliamentarism to premier-presidentialism.Less
This chapter examines two natural-like experiments. It examines the case of Senegal from 2000 to 2010, where a democracy with a premier-presidential form of semi-presidentialism switched to a president-parliamentary form, and Portugal from 1976 to 1986 where a democracy with a president-parliamentary form switched to a premier-presidential form. The two cases are examined separately. The chapter demonstrates that the political process in Senegal became more unstable following the switch from premier-presidentialism to president-parliamentarism and that it became more stable following the switch from president-parliamentarism to premier-presidentialism.
Kathryn C. Lavelle
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195174090
- eISBN:
- 9780199835287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195174097.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The examples in this chapter are chosen from the African region and diverge among countries as the Asian examples did. Firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange have responded to the opportunities ...
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The examples in this chapter are chosen from the African region and diverge among countries as the Asian examples did. Firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange have responded to the opportunities presented by the international system to switch their listings to London; however, given the shareholding patterns of these firms, what little external pressure on management has occurred, has developed from the listing requirements of the London, and not Johannesburg exchange. The Cairo exchange in Egypt boomed in the 1990s along with other emerging markets, yet it boomed by selling minority shares of family-controlled firms. Finally, the two West African exchanges of Ghana and Senegal are examples of extremely small, thin markets dominated by issues of one or two privatized firms. The chapter examines the shareholder arrangements of Anglo-American, Olympic Group, Ashanti Goldfields, and Sonatel.Less
The examples in this chapter are chosen from the African region and diverge among countries as the Asian examples did. Firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange have responded to the opportunities presented by the international system to switch their listings to London; however, given the shareholding patterns of these firms, what little external pressure on management has occurred, has developed from the listing requirements of the London, and not Johannesburg exchange. The Cairo exchange in Egypt boomed in the 1990s along with other emerging markets, yet it boomed by selling minority shares of family-controlled firms. Finally, the two West African exchanges of Ghana and Senegal are examples of extremely small, thin markets dominated by issues of one or two privatized firms. The chapter examines the shareholder arrangements of Anglo-American, Olympic Group, Ashanti Goldfields, and Sonatel.
Sarah A. Curtis
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195394184
- eISBN:
- 9780199866595
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195394184.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, History of Religion
This chapter traces the origins of the Soeurs de St‐Joseph de Cluny (SSJC), a religious order founded by Anne‐Marie Javouhey in 1808. Javouhey intended the order to serve the poor in France but ...
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This chapter traces the origins of the Soeurs de St‐Joseph de Cluny (SSJC), a religious order founded by Anne‐Marie Javouhey in 1808. Javouhey intended the order to serve the poor in France but became involved in missionary work when she was invited to send nuns to the Ile de Bourbon (now Réunion), where France had a colony. During a stay in Senegal, she decided her calling was to evangelize among Africans and established missions in the French towns of St‐Louis and Gorée. She also participated in a short‐lived attempt to establish plantations along the Senegal River and traveled south to the British colony of Sierra Leone. This chapter argues that all these experiences were formative in Javouhey's later missions in France's slave colonies and her developing interest in the abolition of slavery. She also brought a group of African children back to France for religious training, which resulted in the first three ordained African priests in the Catholic church.Less
This chapter traces the origins of the Soeurs de St‐Joseph de Cluny (SSJC), a religious order founded by Anne‐Marie Javouhey in 1808. Javouhey intended the order to serve the poor in France but became involved in missionary work when she was invited to send nuns to the Ile de Bourbon (now Réunion), where France had a colony. During a stay in Senegal, she decided her calling was to evangelize among Africans and established missions in the French towns of St‐Louis and Gorée. She also participated in a short‐lived attempt to establish plantations along the Senegal River and traveled south to the British colony of Sierra Leone. This chapter argues that all these experiences were formative in Javouhey's later missions in France's slave colonies and her developing interest in the abolition of slavery. She also brought a group of African children back to France for religious training, which resulted in the first three ordained African priests in the Catholic church.
Elizabeth A. Foster
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195396447
- eISBN:
- 9780199979318
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195396447.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion, World Modern History
This essay uses the experiences of Joseph Faye, the first prefect of the apostolic prefecture of the Casamance and the first African elevated to a position of authority in the Catholic Church in ...
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This essay uses the experiences of Joseph Faye, the first prefect of the apostolic prefecture of the Casamance and the first African elevated to a position of authority in the Catholic Church in Senegal, as a window into how French missionaries confronted the “decolonization” of the church in the empire. It also reveals how institutions with their own particular histories and identities, such as missions, schools, or the military, confronted the end of empire in theory and in practice. The example of the Spiritans in Senegal demonstrates how such institutions had cultures and priorities that seemed more immediate and more important to their members than the broader goals of the Catholic Church hierarchy and the possibility that French rule in Africa might eventually come to an end.Less
This essay uses the experiences of Joseph Faye, the first prefect of the apostolic prefecture of the Casamance and the first African elevated to a position of authority in the Catholic Church in Senegal, as a window into how French missionaries confronted the “decolonization” of the church in the empire. It also reveals how institutions with their own particular histories and identities, such as missions, schools, or the military, confronted the end of empire in theory and in practice. The example of the Spiritans in Senegal demonstrates how such institutions had cultures and priorities that seemed more immediate and more important to their members than the broader goals of the Catholic Church hierarchy and the possibility that French rule in Africa might eventually come to an end.
Caroline Plançon
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199580910
- eISBN:
- 9780191723025
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580910.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Comparative Law
This chapter examines property law in Senegal. It begins by presenting some of the conceptual specificities used in the study. It then analyzes different concrete examples in both rural and urban ...
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This chapter examines property law in Senegal. It begins by presenting some of the conceptual specificities used in the study. It then analyzes different concrete examples in both rural and urban settings in order to arrive at a better understanding of the situation in Senegal. The cases study on the process of land registration and soil management by independent State authorities provides a better understanding of how legal practices that were initially foreign to the Senegalese inhabitants became steadily incorporated, after some modification, into local practices. The registration process is especially revelatory because it is a vehicle for a representation of land use that differs from the native traditional conception, and yet this process has been re-appropriated by inhabitants who see in it a means by which a more secure law can be obtained. The dominant attitude of acculturation and the blending together of legal practices are also apparent in the spatial organization of urban areas.Less
This chapter examines property law in Senegal. It begins by presenting some of the conceptual specificities used in the study. It then analyzes different concrete examples in both rural and urban settings in order to arrive at a better understanding of the situation in Senegal. The cases study on the process of land registration and soil management by independent State authorities provides a better understanding of how legal practices that were initially foreign to the Senegalese inhabitants became steadily incorporated, after some modification, into local practices. The registration process is especially revelatory because it is a vehicle for a representation of land use that differs from the native traditional conception, and yet this process has been re-appropriated by inhabitants who see in it a means by which a more secure law can be obtained. The dominant attitude of acculturation and the blending together of legal practices are also apparent in the spatial organization of urban areas.
Rudiger Seesemann
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195384321
- eISBN:
- 9780199897421
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384321.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This study revolves around the emergence and spread of the “Community of the Divine Flood,” established in 1929 by Ibrahim Niasse, a leader of the Tijaniyya Sufi order from Senegal. Based on a wide ...
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This study revolves around the emergence and spread of the “Community of the Divine Flood,” established in 1929 by Ibrahim Niasse, a leader of the Tijaniyya Sufi order from Senegal. Based on a wide variety of written sources, mostly in Arabic, and encounters with leaders and ordinary members of the movement, the book analyzes the teachings and practices of this community, most notably those concerned with mystical knowledge of God. It presents an intimate portrait of the community's formation in Senegal and its subsequent transformation into a transnational movement in West Africa and beyond. The book exposes the intellectual roots of Niasse's Sufi revival by examining the religious ideas and writings of scholars associated with the Tijaniyya. Tracing Niasse's ascension as the widely acclaimed “Supreme Saint of His Era,” the study shows how the stages of his career intersect with the development of his mystical teachings, as well as with the historical context of late colonial West Africa. Against the widely held view that Sufism is not compatible with modernity, the book demonstrates how Sufis have managed to adapt to changing environments. Through a combination of textual analysis with empirical research, the book bridges the divide between the anthropological study of popular religion at the expense of the intellectual side, on the one hand, and the philological focus on the intellectual and contempt of the popular, on the other, thus making a compelling case for studying Sufis and their literary production in their social and historical contexts.Less
This study revolves around the emergence and spread of the “Community of the Divine Flood,” established in 1929 by Ibrahim Niasse, a leader of the Tijaniyya Sufi order from Senegal. Based on a wide variety of written sources, mostly in Arabic, and encounters with leaders and ordinary members of the movement, the book analyzes the teachings and practices of this community, most notably those concerned with mystical knowledge of God. It presents an intimate portrait of the community's formation in Senegal and its subsequent transformation into a transnational movement in West Africa and beyond. The book exposes the intellectual roots of Niasse's Sufi revival by examining the religious ideas and writings of scholars associated with the Tijaniyya. Tracing Niasse's ascension as the widely acclaimed “Supreme Saint of His Era,” the study shows how the stages of his career intersect with the development of his mystical teachings, as well as with the historical context of late colonial West Africa. Against the widely held view that Sufism is not compatible with modernity, the book demonstrates how Sufis have managed to adapt to changing environments. Through a combination of textual analysis with empirical research, the book bridges the divide between the anthropological study of popular religion at the expense of the intellectual side, on the one hand, and the philological focus on the intellectual and contempt of the popular, on the other, thus making a compelling case for studying Sufis and their literary production in their social and historical contexts.
Caroline Melly
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226488875
- eISBN:
- 9780226489063
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226489063.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, this book examines the emergence of mobility as an enduring and elusive collective value in contemporary Dakar, Senegal. It takes the concept of ...
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Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, this book examines the emergence of mobility as an enduring and elusive collective value in contemporary Dakar, Senegal. It takes the concept of embouteillage (bottleneck)—a term used primarily to describe the city’s proliferating traffic jams, but also frustrated migration itineraries, tedious bureaucratic lags, overcrowded residential neighborhoods, overburdened infrastructures, the trickle of investment funds, and the scarcity of foreign visas—as both a concrete point of departure and as a theoretical lens for making sense of everyday life and policy in urban Africa and beyond. This book argues that it was in navigating through and engaging with bottlenecks of all sorts that residents grappled most urgently and intimately with the changing nature of citizenship and governance in the capital city. Moreover, the book asserts that the bottleneck, broadly construed, is not peculiar to Dakar but is instead the defining feature of citizen-state relations throughout the Global South. In this way, the book contributes to scholarly literatures on economic policy and practice after structural adjustment; citizenship and governance in a transnational era; urban space and infrastructure in the Global South; and migration and mobility.Less
Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, this book examines the emergence of mobility as an enduring and elusive collective value in contemporary Dakar, Senegal. It takes the concept of embouteillage (bottleneck)—a term used primarily to describe the city’s proliferating traffic jams, but also frustrated migration itineraries, tedious bureaucratic lags, overcrowded residential neighborhoods, overburdened infrastructures, the trickle of investment funds, and the scarcity of foreign visas—as both a concrete point of departure and as a theoretical lens for making sense of everyday life and policy in urban Africa and beyond. This book argues that it was in navigating through and engaging with bottlenecks of all sorts that residents grappled most urgently and intimately with the changing nature of citizenship and governance in the capital city. Moreover, the book asserts that the bottleneck, broadly construed, is not peculiar to Dakar but is instead the defining feature of citizen-state relations throughout the Global South. In this way, the book contributes to scholarly literatures on economic policy and practice after structural adjustment; citizenship and governance in a transnational era; urban space and infrastructure in the Global South; and migration and mobility.
David T. Buckley
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231180061
- eISBN:
- 9780231542449
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231180061.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Religion and democracy can make tense bedfellows. Secular elites may view religious movements as conflict-prone and incapable of compromise, while religious actors may fear that anticlericalism will ...
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Religion and democracy can make tense bedfellows. Secular elites may view religious movements as conflict-prone and incapable of compromise, while religious actors may fear that anticlericalism will drive religion from public life. Yet such tensions are not inevitable: from Asia to Latin America, religious actors coexist with, and even help to preserve, democracy. In Faithful to Secularism, David T. Buckley argues that political institutions that encourage an active role for public religion are a key part in explaining this variation. He develops the concept of "benevolent secularism" to describe institutions that combine a basic division of religion and state with extensive room for participation of religious actors in public life. He traces the impact of benevolent secularism on religious and secular elites, both at critical junctures in state formation and as politics evolves over time. Buckley shows how religious and secular actors build credibility and shared norms over time, and explains how such coalitions can endure challenges from both religious revivals and periods of anticlericalism. Faithful to Secularism tests this institutional theory in Ireland, Senegal, and the Philippines, using a blend of archival, interview, and public opinion data. These case studies illustrate how even countries with an active religious majority can become and remain faithful to secularism.Less
Religion and democracy can make tense bedfellows. Secular elites may view religious movements as conflict-prone and incapable of compromise, while religious actors may fear that anticlericalism will drive religion from public life. Yet such tensions are not inevitable: from Asia to Latin America, religious actors coexist with, and even help to preserve, democracy. In Faithful to Secularism, David T. Buckley argues that political institutions that encourage an active role for public religion are a key part in explaining this variation. He develops the concept of "benevolent secularism" to describe institutions that combine a basic division of religion and state with extensive room for participation of religious actors in public life. He traces the impact of benevolent secularism on religious and secular elites, both at critical junctures in state formation and as politics evolves over time. Buckley shows how religious and secular actors build credibility and shared norms over time, and explains how such coalitions can endure challenges from both religious revivals and periods of anticlericalism. Faithful to Secularism tests this institutional theory in Ireland, Senegal, and the Philippines, using a blend of archival, interview, and public opinion data. These case studies illustrate how even countries with an active religious majority can become and remain faithful to secularism.
Ousmane Kane
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199732302
- eISBN:
- 9780199894611
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732302.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Islam
As Senegal prepares to celebrate fifty years of independence from French colonial rule, academic and policy circles are engaged in a vigorous debate about its experience in nation building. An ...
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As Senegal prepares to celebrate fifty years of independence from French colonial rule, academic and policy circles are engaged in a vigorous debate about its experience in nation building. An important aspect of this debate is the impact of globalization on Senegal, particularly the massive labor migration that began directly after independence. From Tokyo to Melbourne, from Turin to Buenos Aires, from to Paris to New York, 300,000 Senegalese immigrants are simultaneously negotiating their integration into their host society and seriously impacting the development of their homeland. This book addresses the modes of organization of transnational societies in the globalized context, and specifically the role of religion in the experience of migrant communities in Western societies. Abundant literature is available on immigrants from Latin America and Asia, but very little on Africans, especially those from French speaking countries in the United States. The book offers a case study of the growing Senegalese community in New York City. By pulling together numerous aspects (religious, ethnic, occupational, gender, generational, socio-economic, and political) of the experience of the Senegalese migrant community into an integrated analysis, linking discussion of both the homeland and host community, this book contributes to the debate about postcolonial Senegal, Muslim globalization and diaspora studies in the United States.Less
As Senegal prepares to celebrate fifty years of independence from French colonial rule, academic and policy circles are engaged in a vigorous debate about its experience in nation building. An important aspect of this debate is the impact of globalization on Senegal, particularly the massive labor migration that began directly after independence. From Tokyo to Melbourne, from Turin to Buenos Aires, from to Paris to New York, 300,000 Senegalese immigrants are simultaneously negotiating their integration into their host society and seriously impacting the development of their homeland. This book addresses the modes of organization of transnational societies in the globalized context, and specifically the role of religion in the experience of migrant communities in Western societies. Abundant literature is available on immigrants from Latin America and Asia, but very little on Africans, especially those from French speaking countries in the United States. The book offers a case study of the growing Senegalese community in New York City. By pulling together numerous aspects (religious, ethnic, occupational, gender, generational, socio-economic, and political) of the experience of the Senegalese migrant community into an integrated analysis, linking discussion of both the homeland and host community, this book contributes to the debate about postcolonial Senegal, Muslim globalization and diaspora studies in the United States.
Philip E. Muehlenbeck
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195396096
- eISBN:
- 9780199932672
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195396096.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century, World Modern History
Much of the history of US-French competition overlooks the intense rivalry between Kennedy and Charles de Gaulle in Africa. Chapter eight sheds light on this rivalry. Africa was an essential ...
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Much of the history of US-French competition overlooks the intense rivalry between Kennedy and Charles de Gaulle in Africa. Chapter eight sheds light on this rivalry. Africa was an essential component of de Gaulle’s plan to restore French grandeur. Although Washington had little to lose from such competition, which had the possibility of weakening France’s global power, Kennedy hoped to block de Gaulle’s plan as revenge for the frustration he was causing Kennedy in Europe.Less
Much of the history of US-French competition overlooks the intense rivalry between Kennedy and Charles de Gaulle in Africa. Chapter eight sheds light on this rivalry. Africa was an essential component of de Gaulle’s plan to restore French grandeur. Although Washington had little to lose from such competition, which had the possibility of weakening France’s global power, Kennedy hoped to block de Gaulle’s plan as revenge for the frustration he was causing Kennedy in Europe.
Tobias Warner
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780823284634
- eISBN:
- 9780823286300
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823284634.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Should a writer work in former colonial language, or in a vernacular? The language question was once one of the great, intractable problems that haunted postcolonial literatures in the twentieth ...
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Should a writer work in former colonial language, or in a vernacular? The language question was once one of the great, intractable problems that haunted postcolonial literatures in the twentieth century, but it has since acquired a reputation for being a dead end of narrow nationalism. Instead of asking whether language matters, The Tongue-Tied Imagination explores how the language question itself came to matter. Focusing on the case of Senegal, this book studies the intersection of French and Wolof. Drawing on extensive archival research and an under-studied corpus of novels, poetry, and films in both languages, the chapters follow the emergence of a politics of language from colonization into the early independence decades and through to the era of neoliberal development. Chapters explore the works of well-known francophone authors such as Léopold Senghor, Ousmane Sembène, Mariama Bâ, and Boubacar Boris Diop alongside the more overlooked vernacular artists with whom they are in dialogue. Pushing back against a prevailing view of postcolonial language debates as a terrain of nativism, this book argues for the language question as a struggle over the nature and limits of literature itself. Language debates tend to pull in two directions: first, they produce literary commensurability by suturing vernacular traditions into the normative patterns of world literature; but second, they create space to imagine how literary culture might be configured otherwise. Drawing on these insights, this book models both a new understanding of translation and a different approach to literary comparison.Less
Should a writer work in former colonial language, or in a vernacular? The language question was once one of the great, intractable problems that haunted postcolonial literatures in the twentieth century, but it has since acquired a reputation for being a dead end of narrow nationalism. Instead of asking whether language matters, The Tongue-Tied Imagination explores how the language question itself came to matter. Focusing on the case of Senegal, this book studies the intersection of French and Wolof. Drawing on extensive archival research and an under-studied corpus of novels, poetry, and films in both languages, the chapters follow the emergence of a politics of language from colonization into the early independence decades and through to the era of neoliberal development. Chapters explore the works of well-known francophone authors such as Léopold Senghor, Ousmane Sembène, Mariama Bâ, and Boubacar Boris Diop alongside the more overlooked vernacular artists with whom they are in dialogue. Pushing back against a prevailing view of postcolonial language debates as a terrain of nativism, this book argues for the language question as a struggle over the nature and limits of literature itself. Language debates tend to pull in two directions: first, they produce literary commensurability by suturing vernacular traditions into the normative patterns of world literature; but second, they create space to imagine how literary culture might be configured otherwise. Drawing on these insights, this book models both a new understanding of translation and a different approach to literary comparison.
