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Jupiter the best of the planets, Fortuna Major, and Lewis's favourite. ‘Who does not need to be reminded of Jove?’ The planet of festal kingship, oaks, red faces, thrones, jocundity, blood, merriment, mighty waves, Christmas and the passing of winter. Present in Lewis's scholarship, poetry, and Ransom Trilogy, and present in a new and ingenious way in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, secretly helping to make the heart and imagination Royalist. ‘Donegality’ the term for this implicit, governing, enjoyable, literary quality.

The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were a complicated mixture of civil wars, religious wars, wars of conquest, and wars of national liberation. The wars in Ireland and Scotland also demonstrated how the affairs of the Three Kingdoms were inextricably linked together. The civil wars in Ireland were complicated by the presence of four armies: a Royalist army, an army of Scots Covenanters, the Catholic Confederate army, and the ultimately victorious Parliamentary forces, which imposed a harsh peace settlement. In Scotland, the Covenanting Army compelled Charles I to recognize the Presbyterian religious settlement before being defeated by the New Model Army. The Cromwellian conquest of Scotland led to a more generous peace settlement than was the case in Ireland, because the Parliamentarians did not regard the mostly Protestant Lowlanders as being alien like the Catholic Irish and the Highlanders from the Isles, and also because the peace settlement was administered by the more moderate General George Monck. The Cromwellian conquest failed to bring complete peace to the two Celtic kingdoms, and guerilla warfare continued for some years afterwards.

This chapter deals with the two self-conscious writers who were engaged with a variety of literary genres — Katherine Philips and Aphra Behn. It explains that Philips' work shares Cavendish's Royalist politics, and that they have a glancing association with the same Royalist artistic circle that gathered around Henry Lawes. Philips created a very different literary image and career to that of Cavendish, combining the carefully controlled circulation of her poetry in manuscript with the late publicity and fame related with the performance of her translation of Corneille's Pompey in Dublin in 1663. In contrast, Aphra Behn is a Royalist writer who established herself on the professional stage from 1670. Behn's and Philips' engagement with politics was very different and must be assessed in some detail as part of any evaluation of reception of their writing and later attitudes toward them.

Literary analysis of Robert Herrick's two Charon dialogues, published in John Playford's Select Musicall Ayres and Dialogues (1652), contextualizes them in the wider European Charon dialogue tradition that draws on a rich set of classical references, including Virgil and Lucian. Appreciation of the parodic ‘Charon and Eucosmia’, an elegy for the prominent royalist, Henry, Lord Hastings, with music by Henry Lawes, depends on familiarity with this otherwise comic genre, epitomized by its partner piece, ‘Charon and Philomel’ (music by William Lawes). Playford's volume anthologizes songs of the pre-Civil-War court, memorializing its particular social ambience and shared frames of literary reference, and may have played a role in post-regicide sustenance of royalist solidarity through social performances, or ‘musickings’.

After the end of the French and Indian War, Sarah and Abraham Whipple, along with their two daughters, were able to settle into their Providence community. The wartime efforts of Abraham Whipple had earned him esteem in the colony, and Abraham and several other trusted sea captains were granted more assignments by Nicholas Brown and Company. By the end of the decade, the seaport base of the company was already established within and outside Rhode Island. Although the Rhode Island Assembly was able to meet with both Newport and Providence, public opinion concentrated more on the leadership of Stephen Hopkins and other individuals. The “Newport Junto,” the Royalist faction, was able to lessen the influence of the seaport town particularly during the period of imperial tensions.

Despite their enclosure and their lack of geographical mobility, Benedictine nuns were an integral part of the Catholic missionary effort which was in full flow in seventeenth-century England. This chapter shows that the Benedictines demonstrated a keen interest in everything concerning the affairs of the English mission. They kept each other informed of the conditions of their co-religionists in their homeland, they wrote letters of spiritual guidance and ministered to their families, they offered their prayers to the cause of the faith, and were aware of all current controversies and disputes, partly thanks to their close connections with missionaries. As staunch royalists, some of them even played an active political role in support of the Stuart dynasty.

This chapter examines Sir Davenant's Poem to the Kings Most Sacred Majesty published in 1663. It suggests that this work is the culmination of Davenant's Royalist program and one of the century's most striking meditations on the processes of trade and the meaning of empire. It compares the achievement of this work with John Milton's Readie and Easie Way to Establish a Free Commonwealth.

Fuller faced an uncertain future on his return to London in the wake of the royalist collapse. Friends assisted him, and he found convenient lodging at Sion College. In 1648 he was appointed minister of Waltham Abbey by James Hay, earl of Carlisle, the church’s patron. Fuller published a major work on the history and geography of the Holy Land, a collection of biographies of Protestant divines, and an edition of the debates in Parliament in 1628-9. He lamented the trial and execution of King Charles in a published sermon. He also defended in print practices of the Church that had been abolished or were being undermined by the ecclesiastical changes of the late 1640s and 1650s, especially under Oliver Cromwell. In this environment he published his major work, The Church-History of Britain (1655), in part to stimulate the nation’s memory of its religious heritage.