Thomas N. Corns
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198128830
- eISBN:
- 9780191671715
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198128830.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This book studies the relationship between literature and the political crises of the English Civil War. It explores the ways in which the literary culture of the period changed and survived in ...
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This book studies the relationship between literature and the political crises of the English Civil War. It explores the ways in which the literary culture of the period changed and survived in radically shifting circumstances and conditions of extreme adversity, and examines the ways in which old forms developed and new forms emerged to articulate new ideologies and to respond to triumphs and disasters. Included in the book's discussion of a wide range of authors and texts are examinations of the Cavalier love poetry of Herrick and Lovelace, Herrick's religious verse, the polemical strategies of Eikon Basilike, and the complexities of Cowley's political verse. The book also provides an important new account of Marvell's political instability, while the prose of Lilburne, Winstanley, and the Ranters is the subject of a long and sustained account which focuses on their sometimes exhilarating attempts to find an idiom for ideologies which previously had been unexpressed in English political life. Through the whole study runs a detailed engagement with Milton's political prose, and the book ends with a consideration of the impact of the Civil War and related events on the English literary tradition, specifically on Rochester, Bunyan, and the later writing of Milton.Less
This book studies the relationship between literature and the political crises of the English Civil War. It explores the ways in which the literary culture of the period changed and survived in radically shifting circumstances and conditions of extreme adversity, and examines the ways in which old forms developed and new forms emerged to articulate new ideologies and to respond to triumphs and disasters. Included in the book's discussion of a wide range of authors and texts are examinations of the Cavalier love poetry of Herrick and Lovelace, Herrick's religious verse, the polemical strategies of Eikon Basilike, and the complexities of Cowley's political verse. The book also provides an important new account of Marvell's political instability, while the prose of Lilburne, Winstanley, and the Ranters is the subject of a long and sustained account which focuses on their sometimes exhilarating attempts to find an idiom for ideologies which previously had been unexpressed in English political life. Through the whole study runs a detailed engagement with Milton's political prose, and the book ends with a consideration of the impact of the Civil War and related events on the English literary tradition, specifically on Rochester, Bunyan, and the later writing of Milton.
John Batchelor (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198182894
- eISBN:
- 9780191673917
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198182894.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Is literary biography so widely read for popular, ‘prurient’ reasons, or for ‘reputable’ intellectual reasons? Is it of interest only in so far as it illuminates a writer's work? How much can we know ...
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Is literary biography so widely read for popular, ‘prurient’ reasons, or for ‘reputable’ intellectual reasons? Is it of interest only in so far as it illuminates a writer's work? How much can we know about a life, such as Shakespeare's, where the documentation is so scanty? In this revealing new work seventeen leading critics and professional biographers discuss a broad range of issues, including the relationships between biography and autobiography, the problems genre poses, and the literary biographer at work, together with authors, such as Woolf, D. H. Lawrence, Huxley, Conrad, and Rochester.Less
Is literary biography so widely read for popular, ‘prurient’ reasons, or for ‘reputable’ intellectual reasons? Is it of interest only in so far as it illuminates a writer's work? How much can we know about a life, such as Shakespeare's, where the documentation is so scanty? In this revealing new work seventeen leading critics and professional biographers discuss a broad range of issues, including the relationships between biography and autobiography, the problems genre poses, and the literary biographer at work, together with authors, such as Woolf, D. H. Lawrence, Huxley, Conrad, and Rochester.
Simon Yarrow
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199283637
- eISBN:
- 9780191712685
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283637.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History, History of Religion
The cult of St Ithamar of Rochester bears traces of controversy in the circumstances surrounding its propagation by hagiography. Historians have harboured reservations about the purported origin and ...
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The cult of St Ithamar of Rochester bears traces of controversy in the circumstances surrounding its propagation by hagiography. Historians have harboured reservations about the purported origin and development of the cult. This chapter examines the significance of the cult of St Ithamar in the history of the cathedral priory of Rochester. Through an investigation of the hagiography's place in the broader schedule of textual production at the Rochester scriptorium, and through a detailed study of its content, the chapter offers a positive interpretation of the cult's significance.Less
The cult of St Ithamar of Rochester bears traces of controversy in the circumstances surrounding its propagation by hagiography. Historians have harboured reservations about the purported origin and development of the cult. This chapter examines the significance of the cult of St Ithamar in the history of the cathedral priory of Rochester. Through an investigation of the hagiography's place in the broader schedule of textual production at the Rochester scriptorium, and through a detailed study of its content, the chapter offers a positive interpretation of the cult's significance.
Cecilia A. Hatt (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198270119
- eISBN:
- 9780191600609
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198270119.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Literature
This chapter provides a short overview of the main events in Fisher's life, notably his association with Henry VII's mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, which led to the development of various ...
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This chapter provides a short overview of the main events in Fisher's life, notably his association with Henry VII's mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, which led to the development of various foundations within Cambridge University, including St John's College. As a theologian as well as bishop of Rochester, John Fisher engaged in anti‐Lutheran controversy in Latin and English. His opposition to Henry VIII's divorce made him unpopular at court and he was implicated in the Nun of Kent affair. He refused to swear to the Act of Supremacy and his trial and execution for treason followed in June 1535.Less
This chapter provides a short overview of the main events in Fisher's life, notably his association with Henry VII's mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, which led to the development of various foundations within Cambridge University, including St John's College. As a theologian as well as bishop of Rochester, John Fisher engaged in anti‐Lutheran controversy in Latin and English. His opposition to Henry VIII's divorce made him unpopular at court and he was implicated in the Nun of Kent affair. He refused to swear to the Act of Supremacy and his trial and execution for treason followed in June 1535.
Christopher Tilmouth
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199212378
- eISBN:
- 9780191707254
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212378.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This book surveys ideas of passion, reason, appetite, and self-control in English literature and moral thought from 1580 to 1680. Drawing on tragedy, poetry, moral philosophy, and sermons, the book ...
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This book surveys ideas of passion, reason, appetite, and self-control in English literature and moral thought from 1580 to 1680. Drawing on tragedy, poetry, moral philosophy, and sermons, the book explores how Renaissance writers transformed their understanding of the passions, re-evaluating emotion so as to make it an important constituent of ethical life rather than the enemy within which allegory had traditionally cast it as being. Part One of the book describes various ethical positions available to early modern readers, including those of Erasmus, the Stoics, and Calvin. It then explores the role of psychomachia and a hostility to the passions in Spenser's Faerie Queene, before turning to plays by Shakespeare and Chapman (Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Troilus and Cressida, Bussy D'Ambois) which challenge the moral assumptions, and particularly the antipathy towards the emotions, prevalent in late Elizabethan England. It also examines the impact which Augustinianism and Aristotelianism had on the poetry of Herbert, Crashaw, and Milton. These latter traditions are shown to promote a positive evaluation of emotion when that emotion is inflected either by God's grace or by a principle of rational moderation. Part Two of the book traces the rise and fall of Restoration libertinism, particularly under the influence of Hobbes's philosophy and French libertinism. This tradition, which celebrated passion and appetite as natural, and accorded them free expression, is traced in works by Etherege, Dryden, and the Earl of Rochester. It is argued that such libertinism ultimately proved dissatisfying even on its own terms.Less
This book surveys ideas of passion, reason, appetite, and self-control in English literature and moral thought from 1580 to 1680. Drawing on tragedy, poetry, moral philosophy, and sermons, the book explores how Renaissance writers transformed their understanding of the passions, re-evaluating emotion so as to make it an important constituent of ethical life rather than the enemy within which allegory had traditionally cast it as being. Part One of the book describes various ethical positions available to early modern readers, including those of Erasmus, the Stoics, and Calvin. It then explores the role of psychomachia and a hostility to the passions in Spenser's Faerie Queene, before turning to plays by Shakespeare and Chapman (Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Troilus and Cressida, Bussy D'Ambois) which challenge the moral assumptions, and particularly the antipathy towards the emotions, prevalent in late Elizabethan England. It also examines the impact which Augustinianism and Aristotelianism had on the poetry of Herbert, Crashaw, and Milton. These latter traditions are shown to promote a positive evaluation of emotion when that emotion is inflected either by God's grace or by a principle of rational moderation. Part Two of the book traces the rise and fall of Restoration libertinism, particularly under the influence of Hobbes's philosophy and French libertinism. This tradition, which celebrated passion and appetite as natural, and accorded them free expression, is traced in works by Etherege, Dryden, and the Earl of Rochester. It is argued that such libertinism ultimately proved dissatisfying even on its own terms.
Brean S. Hammond
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198112990
- eISBN:
- 9780191670909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198112990.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter focuses on dramatic writing in the 1670s and 1680s, wherein the problematic nature of borrowing from earlier works was already under heated negotiation. In this milieu, clear financial ...
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This chapter focuses on dramatic writing in the 1670s and 1680s, wherein the problematic nature of borrowing from earlier works was already under heated negotiation. In this milieu, clear financial interests were wrapped up in the issue of allusion. Competing for the production of potentially lucrative playscripts, professional writers saw the theatrical stock of the pre-Civil War era as a rich ground for looting. It was much less prodigal of valuable professional time to annex plots, characters, and dialogue of already proven worth than to create from scratch. Writers could justify this on an aesthetic that required them to make acts of obeisance to eminent literary predecessors. Opponents would seek to deprive them of any honorific status thus collected by making the charge of plagiarism. Examining dramatic practice and the rhetoric of plagiarism as it operates in the literary quarrels between Rochester, Dryden, and Shadwell offers a valuable observation-point on the nature of the first phase of professional writing in England.Less
This chapter focuses on dramatic writing in the 1670s and 1680s, wherein the problematic nature of borrowing from earlier works was already under heated negotiation. In this milieu, clear financial interests were wrapped up in the issue of allusion. Competing for the production of potentially lucrative playscripts, professional writers saw the theatrical stock of the pre-Civil War era as a rich ground for looting. It was much less prodigal of valuable professional time to annex plots, characters, and dialogue of already proven worth than to create from scratch. Writers could justify this on an aesthetic that required them to make acts of obeisance to eminent literary predecessors. Opponents would seek to deprive them of any honorific status thus collected by making the charge of plagiarism. Examining dramatic practice and the rhetoric of plagiarism as it operates in the literary quarrels between Rochester, Dryden, and Shadwell offers a valuable observation-point on the nature of the first phase of professional writing in England.
Paul Hammond
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198186922
- eISBN:
- 9780191674617
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186922.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This book explores how sexual relationships between men were represented in English literature during the 17th century. The book is built around two principal themes: firstly the literary strategies ...
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This book explores how sexual relationships between men were represented in English literature during the 17th century. The book is built around two principal themes: firstly the literary strategies through which writers created imagined spaces for the expression of homosexual desire; and secondly the ways in which such texts were subsequently edited and adapted to remove these references to sex between men. The book begins with a wide-ranging analysis of the forms in which both homosexual desire and homophobic hatred were expressed in the period, focusing on the problems of defining male relationships, the erotic dimension to male friendships, and the uses of classical settings. Subsequent chapters offer four case studies. The first focuses on how Shakespeare adapted his sources to introduce the possibility of sexual relations between male characters, with special attention to Twelfth Night, The Merchant of Venice, and the Sonnets, and shows how these elements were removed in later adaptations of his plays and poems. Subsequent chapters chart the often satirical representation of homosexual rulers from James I to William III; the ambiguous sexuality figured in the poetry of Andrew Marvell; and the libertine homoeroticism of the poetry of the Earl of Rochester. The book draws on a wide range of poems, plays, letters, and pamphlets, and discusses a substantial amount of previously unknown material from both printed and manuscript sources.Less
This book explores how sexual relationships between men were represented in English literature during the 17th century. The book is built around two principal themes: firstly the literary strategies through which writers created imagined spaces for the expression of homosexual desire; and secondly the ways in which such texts were subsequently edited and adapted to remove these references to sex between men. The book begins with a wide-ranging analysis of the forms in which both homosexual desire and homophobic hatred were expressed in the period, focusing on the problems of defining male relationships, the erotic dimension to male friendships, and the uses of classical settings. Subsequent chapters offer four case studies. The first focuses on how Shakespeare adapted his sources to introduce the possibility of sexual relations between male characters, with special attention to Twelfth Night, The Merchant of Venice, and the Sonnets, and shows how these elements were removed in later adaptations of his plays and poems. Subsequent chapters chart the often satirical representation of homosexual rulers from James I to William III; the ambiguous sexuality figured in the poetry of Andrew Marvell; and the libertine homoeroticism of the poetry of the Earl of Rochester. The book draws on a wide range of poems, plays, letters, and pamphlets, and discusses a substantial amount of previously unknown material from both printed and manuscript sources.
Christopher Tilmouth
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199212378
- eISBN:
- 9780191707254
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212378.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter examines the complete works of the Earl of Rochester. It begins by noting Rochester's anxious preoccupation with images of boundlessness and dissolution. It then presents a threefold ...
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This chapter examines the complete works of the Earl of Rochester. It begins by noting Rochester's anxious preoccupation with images of boundlessness and dissolution. It then presents a threefold analysis of Rochester's writings. First, the chapter outlines some lyrics which celebrate libertinism and the serial pursuit of appetites and social power. Second, the focus shifts to satires (especially the ‘Satyre Against Reason and Mankind’) which criticize libertinism, this because the boundless dissolution of self and the culture of mutual antagonism to which libertinism give rise, ultimately fail to satisfy. A third section examines Rochester's political writings, and the moral and political critique of libertinism implicit in those. A conclusion emphasizes Rochester's interest in generosity as the epitome of an alternative ideal of conduct.Less
This chapter examines the complete works of the Earl of Rochester. It begins by noting Rochester's anxious preoccupation with images of boundlessness and dissolution. It then presents a threefold analysis of Rochester's writings. First, the chapter outlines some lyrics which celebrate libertinism and the serial pursuit of appetites and social power. Second, the focus shifts to satires (especially the ‘Satyre Against Reason and Mankind’) which criticize libertinism, this because the boundless dissolution of self and the culture of mutual antagonism to which libertinism give rise, ultimately fail to satisfy. A third section examines Rochester's political writings, and the moral and political critique of libertinism implicit in those. A conclusion emphasizes Rochester's interest in generosity as the epitome of an alternative ideal of conduct.
KEN ROBINSON
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198182894
- eISBN:
- 9780191673917
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198182894.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter stresses that biographies cannot be definitive because John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester (1647–80) throws up particular problems which face biographers at every turn with their prejudices. ...
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This chapter stresses that biographies cannot be definitive because John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester (1647–80) throws up particular problems which face biographers at every turn with their prejudices. The chronicle of Rochester's life is relatively sparse and his oeuvre is relatively small. Much of both are sensational, but both also present remarkable uncertainties. The uncertainties of the life and the canon are not mere accidents of history: they are evoked by, constitute a response to, and mirror something of Rochester the man, something which one can find reflected too in the difficulties critics have experienced with his poetry. The uncertainties surrounding Rochester's life start literally ab ovo.Less
This chapter stresses that biographies cannot be definitive because John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester (1647–80) throws up particular problems which face biographers at every turn with their prejudices. The chronicle of Rochester's life is relatively sparse and his oeuvre is relatively small. Much of both are sensational, but both also present remarkable uncertainties. The uncertainties of the life and the canon are not mere accidents of history: they are evoked by, constitute a response to, and mirror something of Rochester the man, something which one can find reflected too in the difficulties critics have experienced with his poetry. The uncertainties surrounding Rochester's life start literally ab ovo.
Alan Coates
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207566
- eISBN:
- 9780191677724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207566.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, ...
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Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, patristic works, theological treatises, history and chronicles, and service books. There is also some hagiography and one volume of poetry, but none of the classical or grammatical works from the book list has survived. The Reading Abbey's list seems to be particularly strong in patristics: this impression is no doubt partly because the entries frequently contain references to more than one text in a given volume. This chapter compares the contents of the Fingall Cartulary list and the lists from Durham and Rochester. Two late twelfth-century book lists from Benedictine houses, Burton-on-Trent and Whitby, are also compared. The Durham and Rochester lists are strong in both classics and medicine. Reading and Durham both have copies of the lives of saints such as Cuthbert, Brendan, and Brigid.Less
Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, patristic works, theological treatises, history and chronicles, and service books. There is also some hagiography and one volume of poetry, but none of the classical or grammatical works from the book list has survived. The Reading Abbey's list seems to be particularly strong in patristics: this impression is no doubt partly because the entries frequently contain references to more than one text in a given volume. This chapter compares the contents of the Fingall Cartulary list and the lists from Durham and Rochester. Two late twelfth-century book lists from Benedictine houses, Burton-on-Trent and Whitby, are also compared. The Durham and Rochester lists are strong in both classics and medicine. Reading and Durham both have copies of the lives of saints such as Cuthbert, Brendan, and Brigid.
J. C. Holt
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203094
- eISBN:
- 9780191675713
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203094.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
The first civil war in 1215 had begun with the baronial muster at Stamford, the formal defiance of the King, and the march on London. The second civil war into which the country slid in the autumn ...
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The first civil war in 1215 had begun with the baronial muster at Stamford, the formal defiance of the King, and the march on London. The second civil war into which the country slid in the autumn had no such dramatic opening. Indeed, the first move, the siege of Rochester, was the King's. At London there was some attempt to maintain the organization created by the security clause of the Charter, but the baronial effort was now much dispersed. The geography of the land, the decentralization of the King's treasure, the delegation of administrative authority to almost independent royal agents, the distribution of mercenary troops throughout the royal castles, all tended to produce, not one civil war, but many, of which the setting, strategic forces, tactical problems, and personnel varied from one region to another.Less
The first civil war in 1215 had begun with the baronial muster at Stamford, the formal defiance of the King, and the march on London. The second civil war into which the country slid in the autumn had no such dramatic opening. Indeed, the first move, the siege of Rochester, was the King's. At London there was some attempt to maintain the organization created by the security clause of the Charter, but the baronial effort was now much dispersed. The geography of the land, the decentralization of the King's treasure, the delegation of administrative authority to almost independent royal agents, the distribution of mercenary troops throughout the royal castles, all tended to produce, not one civil war, but many, of which the setting, strategic forces, tactical problems, and personnel varied from one region to another.
Martha S. Jones
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807831526
- eISBN:
- 9781469605012
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807888902_jones.10
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book concludes by discussing the Memorial African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church in Rochester, New York, which is considered black Rochester's grandest edifice. Among its outstanding features ...
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This book concludes by discussing the Memorial African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church in Rochester, New York, which is considered black Rochester's grandest edifice. Among its outstanding features were four stained-glass windows, illustrating the causes to which Zionites had devoted themselves during the denomination's 120-year history. It was, however, the face of a white woman in the fourth window—that of Susan B. Anthony—that might have caused the casual visitor to Memorial Church to pause. Anthony was well known as a longtime Rochester resident and a zealous advocate of women's rights. This tribute to Anthony's life and work was made possible through the efforts of Rochester resident Hester Jeffrey and her associates in the Susan B. Anthony Club, one of the hundreds of African American women's clubs of the early twentieth century.Less
This book concludes by discussing the Memorial African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church in Rochester, New York, which is considered black Rochester's grandest edifice. Among its outstanding features were four stained-glass windows, illustrating the causes to which Zionites had devoted themselves during the denomination's 120-year history. It was, however, the face of a white woman in the fourth window—that of Susan B. Anthony—that might have caused the casual visitor to Memorial Church to pause. Anthony was well known as a longtime Rochester resident and a zealous advocate of women's rights. This tribute to Anthony's life and work was made possible through the efforts of Rochester resident Hester Jeffrey and her associates in the Susan B. Anthony Club, one of the hundreds of African American women's clubs of the early twentieth century.
Edward Burns (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853230380
- eISBN:
- 9781846317644
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/UPO9781846317644
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
This book is a collection of essays exploring all aspects of one of the most controversial English poets, the 17th-century libertine The Earl of Rochester. Different sections focus on sexual ...
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This book is a collection of essays exploring all aspects of one of the most controversial English poets, the 17th-century libertine The Earl of Rochester. Different sections focus on sexual politics, gender, misogyny, profaneness, the poetry of intellect, and Rochester and his contemporaries.Less
This book is a collection of essays exploring all aspects of one of the most controversial English poets, the 17th-century libertine The Earl of Rochester. Different sections focus on sexual politics, gender, misogyny, profaneness, the poetry of intellect, and Rochester and his contemporaries.
HAROLD LOVE
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199255610
- eISBN:
- 9780191719622
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199255610.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter shows that the lampoon in its lighter manifestations is written gossip; gossip was all too often a spoken lampoon. The good lampooner was probably also a good gossip; moreover, a lampoon ...
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This chapter shows that the lampoon in its lighter manifestations is written gossip; gossip was all too often a spoken lampoon. The good lampooner was probably also a good gossip; moreover, a lampoon was a prompt for further gossip by becoming a subject of conversation in its own right. The circulation of a lampoon was likely to be enlarged by the freshness and piquancy of its gossip, something for which diligent research of the kind carried out by Rochester with his paid sentinel, Lumley with his nocturnal stalking, and Howe with his briefings from his sisters was required. This is not to say that accusations so assembled had to be truthful—much, as the account given earlier of Howe’s method indicates, was likely to be invented. The lampoon was similar in its function to the present-day newspaper gossip column, and, like that, needs to be viewed as a written derivative of oral culture. Nor was this similarity restricted to the court and Town lampoons, since the state lampoon insistently set out to reduce politics to personalities and personalities to scandal.Less
This chapter shows that the lampoon in its lighter manifestations is written gossip; gossip was all too often a spoken lampoon. The good lampooner was probably also a good gossip; moreover, a lampoon was a prompt for further gossip by becoming a subject of conversation in its own right. The circulation of a lampoon was likely to be enlarged by the freshness and piquancy of its gossip, something for which diligent research of the kind carried out by Rochester with his paid sentinel, Lumley with his nocturnal stalking, and Howe with his briefings from his sisters was required. This is not to say that accusations so assembled had to be truthful—much, as the account given earlier of Howe’s method indicates, was likely to be invented. The lampoon was similar in its function to the present-day newspaper gossip column, and, like that, needs to be viewed as a written derivative of oral culture. Nor was this similarity restricted to the court and Town lampoons, since the state lampoon insistently set out to reduce politics to personalities and personalities to scandal.
Edward Burns
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853230380
- eISBN:
- 9781846317644
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/UPO9781846317644.001
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
This introduction describes Rochester as the most irrepressibly destructive of all the English poets. The very idea of the anarchic libertine poet, as created in the gossip of his contemporaries and ...
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This introduction describes Rochester as the most irrepressibly destructive of all the English poets. The very idea of the anarchic libertine poet, as created in the gossip of his contemporaries and in the notoriety of unpublishably obscene texts, disrupts any attempt to account for his writings from within the institutions and procedures of the Academy. The essays that follow are introduced, but it concludes with Rochester perceived not as a challenging outsider, but as a figure central to his age, active in the articulation of a sceptical and committed language that offers us, as readers, a point of entry into late seventeenth-century culture as a whole.Less
This introduction describes Rochester as the most irrepressibly destructive of all the English poets. The very idea of the anarchic libertine poet, as created in the gossip of his contemporaries and in the notoriety of unpublishably obscene texts, disrupts any attempt to account for his writings from within the institutions and procedures of the Academy. The essays that follow are introduced, but it concludes with Rochester perceived not as a challenging outsider, but as a figure central to his age, active in the articulation of a sceptical and committed language that offers us, as readers, a point of entry into late seventeenth-century culture as a whole.
Brad Asher
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813134147
- eISBN:
- 9780813135922
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813134147.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
This chapter discusses Cecelia's move from Toronto to Rochester, New York, soon after her first husband's death and the outbreak of the Civil War in the United States. It analyzes the appeal of ...
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This chapter discusses Cecelia's move from Toronto to Rochester, New York, soon after her first husband's death and the outbreak of the Civil War in the United States. It analyzes the appeal of Rochester to African Americans, and reviews the region's history of religious revival and social reform. It describes Cecelia's marriage to her second husband, William Larrison, and her life in Rochester during the Civil War. William enlisted in the Army in late 1863, and the chapter also explores the history of African Americans' Civil War military service.Less
This chapter discusses Cecelia's move from Toronto to Rochester, New York, soon after her first husband's death and the outbreak of the Civil War in the United States. It analyzes the appeal of Rochester to African Americans, and reviews the region's history of religious revival and social reform. It describes Cecelia's marriage to her second husband, William Larrison, and her life in Rochester during the Civil War. William enlisted in the Army in late 1863, and the chapter also explores the history of African Americans' Civil War military service.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804758772
- eISBN:
- 9780804769792
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804758772.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter argues not only that Rochester's religious stance deserves an attention it has not yet received, but also that his condemnation of religion, evident also in his conversations with ...
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This chapter argues not only that Rochester's religious stance deserves an attention it has not yet received, but also that his condemnation of religion, evident also in his conversations with Burnet, is less starkly iconoclastic than it initially seems. Examining the “Addition” to the “Satyre,” this chapter reveals that Rochester's religious doubt is closer to the conservative skepticism of Swift than previously recognized It examines the variable content of Rochester's infidelity and asks how it changes the sense of Rochester's attitude toward religion and the character of English freethinking more generally. It also looks at the writings of Charles Blount, focusing on his Anima Mundi which was considered a heretical text.Less
This chapter argues not only that Rochester's religious stance deserves an attention it has not yet received, but also that his condemnation of religion, evident also in his conversations with Burnet, is less starkly iconoclastic than it initially seems. Examining the “Addition” to the “Satyre,” this chapter reveals that Rochester's religious doubt is closer to the conservative skepticism of Swift than previously recognized It examines the variable content of Rochester's infidelity and asks how it changes the sense of Rochester's attitude toward religion and the character of English freethinking more generally. It also looks at the writings of Charles Blount, focusing on his Anima Mundi which was considered a heretical text.
Richard S. Newman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780195374834
- eISBN:
- 9780197562673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780195374834.003.0010
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Pollution and Threats to the Environment
Model’s City’s demise did little to slow industrial growth in Niagara Falls. During the early 1900s, the region’s economy expanded at a tremendous rate. ...
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Model’s City’s demise did little to slow industrial growth in Niagara Falls. During the early 1900s, the region’s economy expanded at a tremendous rate. Niagara’s next big thing came in the form of chemicals. When William Love departed the area, the Falls claimed no major chemical maker. By the 1920s, Niagara Falls was home to a dynamic and thriving chemical sector that produced huge amounts of industrial-grade chemicals via hydroelectric power. By World War II, dozens of companies called Niagara Falls home, making it a global leader in the production of chlorines, degreasers, explosives, pesticides, plastics, and myriad other chemical agents. The chief architect of Niagara’s chemical expansion was Elon Huntington Hooker, an engineer turned industrial titan who settled in the Falls soon after William Love left. [ Fig. 6 ] Hailing from famous families, Hooker was destined for great things. On one side, Hooker could trace a lineage back to Puritan divines who had literally built cities on a hill; on the other, there were railroad titans who had traversed the American West. In both cases, Elon Hooker’s family background inspired him to think big. The guiding spirit of a brash new chemical company that bore his surname, Hooker harnessed Niagara’s power to become the nation’s leading producer of two key chemicals: chloride of lime (bleaching powder) and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Over the next fifty years, Hooker Chemical became a mainstay of American industry. Its products helped win wars, explore space, and fuel American consumerism. These developments would not surprise Elon Huntington Hooker. Indeed, he thought of himself as an American Adam: a technological originator who reshaped nature and society in equal measure. His vision of chemical superiority would come to fruition a few miles from Love’s abandoned canal—at first glance, perhaps nothing more than a coincidence of history. But Hooker’s success would soon collide with Love’s failure at the big ditch in Lasalle, once again illuminating the Love Canal landscape’s importance to the American environmental past—and future.
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Model’s City’s demise did little to slow industrial growth in Niagara Falls. During the early 1900s, the region’s economy expanded at a tremendous rate. Niagara’s next big thing came in the form of chemicals. When William Love departed the area, the Falls claimed no major chemical maker. By the 1920s, Niagara Falls was home to a dynamic and thriving chemical sector that produced huge amounts of industrial-grade chemicals via hydroelectric power. By World War II, dozens of companies called Niagara Falls home, making it a global leader in the production of chlorines, degreasers, explosives, pesticides, plastics, and myriad other chemical agents. The chief architect of Niagara’s chemical expansion was Elon Huntington Hooker, an engineer turned industrial titan who settled in the Falls soon after William Love left. [ Fig. 6 ] Hailing from famous families, Hooker was destined for great things. On one side, Hooker could trace a lineage back to Puritan divines who had literally built cities on a hill; on the other, there were railroad titans who had traversed the American West. In both cases, Elon Hooker’s family background inspired him to think big. The guiding spirit of a brash new chemical company that bore his surname, Hooker harnessed Niagara’s power to become the nation’s leading producer of two key chemicals: chloride of lime (bleaching powder) and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Over the next fifty years, Hooker Chemical became a mainstay of American industry. Its products helped win wars, explore space, and fuel American consumerism. These developments would not surprise Elon Huntington Hooker. Indeed, he thought of himself as an American Adam: a technological originator who reshaped nature and society in equal measure. His vision of chemical superiority would come to fruition a few miles from Love’s abandoned canal—at first glance, perhaps nothing more than a coincidence of history. But Hooker’s success would soon collide with Love’s failure at the big ditch in Lasalle, once again illuminating the Love Canal landscape’s importance to the American environmental past—and future.
Angela N. H. Creager
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226017808
- eISBN:
- 9780226017945
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226017945.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter addresses the use of radioisotopes in medical research, where the use of human subjects raised new ethical problems. It features examples from physiology and endocrinology, where ...
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This chapter addresses the use of radioisotopes in medical research, where the use of human subjects raised new ethical problems. It features examples from physiology and endocrinology, where radioisotopes were used to investigate the absorption and movement of micronutrients and the regulation of hormones. The first case concerns the use of iron-59 in studies of mammalian metabolism of this element. An outgrowth of this line of research included controversial studies of iron metabolism in pregnant women that took place at Vanderbilt in the 1950s. The second case examines the development of radioimmunoassays, in which research on the clinical use of radioiodine in a Veterans Administration Hospital led Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson to develop a diagnostic method with wide applicability, including in basic research.Less
This chapter addresses the use of radioisotopes in medical research, where the use of human subjects raised new ethical problems. It features examples from physiology and endocrinology, where radioisotopes were used to investigate the absorption and movement of micronutrients and the regulation of hormones. The first case concerns the use of iron-59 in studies of mammalian metabolism of this element. An outgrowth of this line of research included controversial studies of iron metabolism in pregnant women that took place at Vanderbilt in the 1950s. The second case examines the development of radioimmunoassays, in which research on the clinical use of radioiodine in a Veterans Administration Hospital led Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson to develop a diagnostic method with wide applicability, including in basic research.
Nancy A. Hewitt
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300115932
- eISBN:
- 9780300137866
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300115932.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter examines critical interracial efforts among men and women whose labors embraced campaigns against racial, gender, and economic injustice at home and abroad. Focusing on the extraordinary ...
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This chapter examines critical interracial efforts among men and women whose labors embraced campaigns against racial, gender, and economic injustice at home and abroad. Focusing on the extraordinary community of reformers living in the city of Rochester, New York, and its immediate environs during the 1840s, it looks at how they sustained both collective and personal ties to other advocates of abolitionism, feminism, and woman's rights, as well as revolutionaries, in France, Great Britain, and Germany. These American women and men were represented by Quaker activists from central and western New York, including James and Lucretia Mott, Frederick Douglass, Amy Post, Catherine Fish Stebbins, Sarah Hallowell, and Mary Hallowell. Interracial relationships, kinship ties to Quakers, and free black communities were central to the organization of this circle of antebellum reformers.Less
This chapter examines critical interracial efforts among men and women whose labors embraced campaigns against racial, gender, and economic injustice at home and abroad. Focusing on the extraordinary community of reformers living in the city of Rochester, New York, and its immediate environs during the 1840s, it looks at how they sustained both collective and personal ties to other advocates of abolitionism, feminism, and woman's rights, as well as revolutionaries, in France, Great Britain, and Germany. These American women and men were represented by Quaker activists from central and western New York, including James and Lucretia Mott, Frederick Douglass, Amy Post, Catherine Fish Stebbins, Sarah Hallowell, and Mary Hallowell. Interracial relationships, kinship ties to Quakers, and free black communities were central to the organization of this circle of antebellum reformers.
