Maximillian E. Novak
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199261543
- eISBN:
- 9780191698743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261543.003.0052
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
For all the writing that Daniel Defoe had done before the composition of Robinson Crusoe, indeed for all the prose fiction that he had written, Robinson Crusoe must have come to him as almost as ...
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For all the writing that Daniel Defoe had done before the composition of Robinson Crusoe, indeed for all the prose fiction that he had written, Robinson Crusoe must have come to him as almost as wonderful a surprise as it was to his readers. To modern critics, Robinson Crusoe has appeared as an economic parable, a spiritual autobiography, an adventure story, and a fable illustrating human development and education. The problem of interpretation arose almost immediately with Charles Gildon’s forceful critical assault on the work, The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of D[aniel] De F[oe]. The shaping of Robinson Crusoe was, of course, anything but pure inspiration. The most obvious source for the island episode is to be found in well-publicised accounts of a sailor named Alexander Selkirk. Jay Fliegelman has pointed out that Robinson Crusoe was one of the texts revised better to suit readers in a nation that was in the process of throwing off all ties to the parent state.Less
For all the writing that Daniel Defoe had done before the composition of Robinson Crusoe, indeed for all the prose fiction that he had written, Robinson Crusoe must have come to him as almost as wonderful a surprise as it was to his readers. To modern critics, Robinson Crusoe has appeared as an economic parable, a spiritual autobiography, an adventure story, and a fable illustrating human development and education. The problem of interpretation arose almost immediately with Charles Gildon’s forceful critical assault on the work, The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of D[aniel] De F[oe]. The shaping of Robinson Crusoe was, of course, anything but pure inspiration. The most obvious source for the island episode is to be found in well-publicised accounts of a sailor named Alexander Selkirk. Jay Fliegelman has pointed out that Robinson Crusoe was one of the texts revised better to suit readers in a nation that was in the process of throwing off all ties to the parent state.
Patrick Parrinder
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199264858
- eISBN:
- 9780191698989
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199264858.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
One of the most notable novelists who wrote about nationality was Daniel Defoe. His most popular work was Robinson Crusoe. This story portrays an archetypal Englishman. His life is discussed in ...
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One of the most notable novelists who wrote about nationality was Daniel Defoe. His most popular work was Robinson Crusoe. This story portrays an archetypal Englishman. His life is discussed in passing in this chapter in order to show how it influenced the way Defoe wrote. From 1704–12, he became a commentator and a government agent. Several of his works are analysed in the chapter in order to spot inconsistencies of thought that defined him as an Englishman.Less
One of the most notable novelists who wrote about nationality was Daniel Defoe. His most popular work was Robinson Crusoe. This story portrays an archetypal Englishman. His life is discussed in passing in this chapter in order to show how it influenced the way Defoe wrote. From 1704–12, he became a commentator and a government agent. Several of his works are analysed in the chapter in order to spot inconsistencies of thought that defined him as an Englishman.
Adam Lifshey
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823232383
- eISBN:
- 9780823241187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823232383.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American Colonial Literature
Daniel Defoe published Robinson Crusoe in 1719, not long after Francisco Ximénez saw, copied, and translated the Popol Vuh in Guatemala. There is no direct connection between the two narratives, yet ...
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Daniel Defoe published Robinson Crusoe in 1719, not long after Francisco Ximénez saw, copied, and translated the Popol Vuh in Guatemala. There is no direct connection between the two narratives, yet both manifest absence as a contestatory transatlantic phenomenon. With respect to Columbus's diary of his first voyage, Defoe's novel is further removed in time from it than from the Ximénez manuscript but closer in orientation due to its accounting of another European sailor who encounters unfamiliar land in the Caribbean. On the island in Robinson Crusoe there are no indigenes available immediately to conquer and it is the European who begins in a position of relative weakness, so it takes Crusoe longer than Columbus to incorporate subjects into empire.Less
Daniel Defoe published Robinson Crusoe in 1719, not long after Francisco Ximénez saw, copied, and translated the Popol Vuh in Guatemala. There is no direct connection between the two narratives, yet both manifest absence as a contestatory transatlantic phenomenon. With respect to Columbus's diary of his first voyage, Defoe's novel is further removed in time from it than from the Ximénez manuscript but closer in orientation due to its accounting of another European sailor who encounters unfamiliar land in the Caribbean. On the island in Robinson Crusoe there are no indigenes available immediately to conquer and it is the European who begins in a position of relative weakness, so it takes Crusoe longer than Columbus to incorporate subjects into empire.
Fiona J. Stafford
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198112228
- eISBN:
- 9780191670718
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198112228.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature, Mythology and Folklore
Daniel Defoe's explorations of individualism in Robinson Crusoe, the narrative of a single man who lives alone for years on a remote island off the South American coast, has made the narration ...
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Daniel Defoe's explorations of individualism in Robinson Crusoe, the narrative of a single man who lives alone for years on a remote island off the South American coast, has made the narration obvious material for twentieth-century readers interested in seventeeth-century individualism, both in the economic and spiritual aspects. With the emerging emphasis on colonialism, familial patterns, and national consciousness, focus has been shifting more to the influence of the lost race, with which the solitary hero must not be defined. Defoe also explores the relationships between the lonely narrator, his family, and his native culture. Crusoe is an important forerunner of the last of the race owing to his prolonged experience of total isolation.Less
Daniel Defoe's explorations of individualism in Robinson Crusoe, the narrative of a single man who lives alone for years on a remote island off the South American coast, has made the narration obvious material for twentieth-century readers interested in seventeeth-century individualism, both in the economic and spiritual aspects. With the emerging emphasis on colonialism, familial patterns, and national consciousness, focus has been shifting more to the influence of the lost race, with which the solitary hero must not be defined. Defoe also explores the relationships between the lonely narrator, his family, and his native culture. Crusoe is an important forerunner of the last of the race owing to his prolonged experience of total isolation.
Ian Kinane
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781789620047
- eISBN:
- 9781789629613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620047.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter reconsiders literary didacticism by demonstrating the ways in which the Robinsonade novel for young readers has evolved from the anxious moralizing of earlier examples into a more ...
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This chapter reconsiders literary didacticism by demonstrating the ways in which the Robinsonade novel for young readers has evolved from the anxious moralizing of earlier examples into a more socially instructive vehicle for engaging young readers with contemporary socio-political and cultural issues, such as gender politics and global post-colonial concerns. Unlike much scholarly material on the Robinsonade genre, which tends to concentrate on texts produced during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the focus of this chapter is on post-1900 works of Robinsonade fiction. The chapter also embraces a much wider definition of what has historically been understood within the Robinsonade as an ‘island’ or ‘islanded’ location.Less
This chapter reconsiders literary didacticism by demonstrating the ways in which the Robinsonade novel for young readers has evolved from the anxious moralizing of earlier examples into a more socially instructive vehicle for engaging young readers with contemporary socio-political and cultural issues, such as gender politics and global post-colonial concerns. Unlike much scholarly material on the Robinsonade genre, which tends to concentrate on texts produced during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the focus of this chapter is on post-1900 works of Robinsonade fiction. The chapter also embraces a much wider definition of what has historically been understood within the Robinsonade as an ‘island’ or ‘islanded’ location.
Diana de Armas Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198160052
- eISBN:
- 9780191673764
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198160052.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This chapter examines the idea that Cervantes's Persiles provided the ‘germ’ of Robinson Crusoe. Aiming for coevolutionary histories of the novel as alternatives to evolutionary ones, it focuses less ...
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This chapter examines the idea that Cervantes's Persiles provided the ‘germ’ of Robinson Crusoe. Aiming for coevolutionary histories of the novel as alternatives to evolutionary ones, it focuses less on historical origins than on geographical entities; specifically, places and people in the New Wolrd that challenged old forms of thought. It examines Defoe's continued interest in the Spanish Indies for both his colonial propaganda and his novelizing. It also suggests here, the debt of both writers to the Caribbean cannibals.Less
This chapter examines the idea that Cervantes's Persiles provided the ‘germ’ of Robinson Crusoe. Aiming for coevolutionary histories of the novel as alternatives to evolutionary ones, it focuses less on historical origins than on geographical entities; specifically, places and people in the New Wolrd that challenged old forms of thought. It examines Defoe's continued interest in the Spanish Indies for both his colonial propaganda and his novelizing. It also suggests here, the debt of both writers to the Caribbean cannibals.
Maximillian E. Novak
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199261543
- eISBN:
- 9780191698743
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261543.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his ...
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Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his times. Through his pamphlets, newspapers, books of travel, and works of fiction he commented on anything and everything, from birth control to the price of coal, from flying machines to academies for women, from security for the aged to the dangers of the plague. In his fiction he created a type of vivid realism that powerfully influenced the development of the novel. The publication of works such as Robinson Crusoe are major events because they shape the ways in which we see our world, so that ever afterwards thoughts of desolation and desert islands immediately evoke Defoe's masterpiece. From his earliest collection of brief stories, which he presented to his future wife under the sobriquet Bellmour, to his Compleat English Gentleman, left unpublished at his death, Defoe was pre-eminently a creator of fictions. This life gives us a full understanding of the thought and personal experience that went into Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, and Roxana.Less
Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his times. Through his pamphlets, newspapers, books of travel, and works of fiction he commented on anything and everything, from birth control to the price of coal, from flying machines to academies for women, from security for the aged to the dangers of the plague. In his fiction he created a type of vivid realism that powerfully influenced the development of the novel. The publication of works such as Robinson Crusoe are major events because they shape the ways in which we see our world, so that ever afterwards thoughts of desolation and desert islands immediately evoke Defoe's masterpiece. From his earliest collection of brief stories, which he presented to his future wife under the sobriquet Bellmour, to his Compleat English Gentleman, left unpublished at his death, Defoe was pre-eminently a creator of fictions. This life gives us a full understanding of the thought and personal experience that went into Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, and Roxana.
Oren Izenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691144832
- eISBN:
- 9781400836529
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691144832.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines the long silence at the center of George Oppen's poetic career, arguing that it was driven in part by his early choice of left-political activism over art. After the 1934 ...
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This chapter examines the long silence at the center of George Oppen's poetic career, arguing that it was driven in part by his early choice of left-political activism over art. After the 1934 publication of his Discrete Series, Oppen stopped writing poems and lived, starting in 1950, as a “known subversive” in Mexico. He would resurface in 1962 with the publication of The Materials. Focusing on the figure of Robinson Crusoe, this chapter offers an account of Oppen's poetic knowledge in relation to aesthetics and to the idea of a poetic politics. It also considers Oppen's reconceptualization of what it means “to know” and its relevance to the question of social recognition. It suggests that Oppen's return to poetry was contingent upon his conceptualization of the rigorous charity of his silence and his discovery of a way to make such silence audible.Less
This chapter examines the long silence at the center of George Oppen's poetic career, arguing that it was driven in part by his early choice of left-political activism over art. After the 1934 publication of his Discrete Series, Oppen stopped writing poems and lived, starting in 1950, as a “known subversive” in Mexico. He would resurface in 1962 with the publication of The Materials. Focusing on the figure of Robinson Crusoe, this chapter offers an account of Oppen's poetic knowledge in relation to aesthetics and to the idea of a poetic politics. It also considers Oppen's reconceptualization of what it means “to know” and its relevance to the question of social recognition. It suggests that Oppen's return to poetry was contingent upon his conceptualization of the rigorous charity of his silence and his discovery of a way to make such silence audible.
Maurice S. Lee
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691192925
- eISBN:
- 9780691194219
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691192925.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This chapter reviews some roots of modern literary criticism by showing how some romantics respond to textual excess by variously resisting and adopting informational strategies of skimming and ...
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This chapter reviews some roots of modern literary criticism by showing how some romantics respond to textual excess by variously resisting and adopting informational strategies of skimming and excerpting. A main concept of the chapter is “deserted island reading,” an ideal of immersive literary experience formed in opposition to mass print. The fantasy of losing oneself in a book unfolds across the legacy of Robinson Crusoe, which projects an account of intensive hermeneutics from the eighteenth through the nineteenth centuries. Deserted island reading was especially attractive to romantics such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge, a founding figure of modern close reading whose aesthetics and interpretive practices were formed under the pressures of information. But whereas Coleridge offers an agonistic example of the relationship between information and literature, Ralph Waldo Emerson presents a more modulated case in which the prophet of subjectivity, intuition, and motility that proves surprisingly open to informational modes of reading.Less
This chapter reviews some roots of modern literary criticism by showing how some romantics respond to textual excess by variously resisting and adopting informational strategies of skimming and excerpting. A main concept of the chapter is “deserted island reading,” an ideal of immersive literary experience formed in opposition to mass print. The fantasy of losing oneself in a book unfolds across the legacy of Robinson Crusoe, which projects an account of intensive hermeneutics from the eighteenth through the nineteenth centuries. Deserted island reading was especially attractive to romantics such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge, a founding figure of modern close reading whose aesthetics and interpretive practices were formed under the pressures of information. But whereas Coleridge offers an agonistic example of the relationship between information and literature, Ralph Waldo Emerson presents a more modulated case in which the prophet of subjectivity, intuition, and motility that proves surprisingly open to informational modes of reading.
Maximillian E. Novak
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199261543
- eISBN:
- 9780191698743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261543.003.0053
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
The success of Robinson Crusoe did not appear to change Daniel Defoe’s reputation very much with his fellow authors. Prose fiction was not yet a respectable genre, and Charles Gildon had already ...
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The success of Robinson Crusoe did not appear to change Daniel Defoe’s reputation very much with his fellow authors. Prose fiction was not yet a respectable genre, and Charles Gildon had already expressed his contempt for Robinson Crusoe. Defoe’s eventual shift toward fiction and toward works focused on voyages to distant lands, on economic geography, and on the occult certainly reflected his interests, but he was surely responding to what he thought to be the tastes of the reading public. The Anatomy of Exchange Alley, Defoe’s first substantial attack upon the South Sea Company, was published on July 1, 1719. The South Sea Company had been approved by Queen Anne on June 12, 1711, and was part of Robert Harley’s plan to diminish the power of the Bank of England and the Whigs who supported it. Another work, Memoirs of a Cavalier, looked back to the military memoirs that Defoe partly wrote and partly edited during the previous five years.Less
The success of Robinson Crusoe did not appear to change Daniel Defoe’s reputation very much with his fellow authors. Prose fiction was not yet a respectable genre, and Charles Gildon had already expressed his contempt for Robinson Crusoe. Defoe’s eventual shift toward fiction and toward works focused on voyages to distant lands, on economic geography, and on the occult certainly reflected his interests, but he was surely responding to what he thought to be the tastes of the reading public. The Anatomy of Exchange Alley, Defoe’s first substantial attack upon the South Sea Company, was published on July 1, 1719. The South Sea Company had been approved by Queen Anne on June 12, 1711, and was part of Robert Harley’s plan to diminish the power of the Bank of England and the Whigs who supported it. Another work, Memoirs of a Cavalier, looked back to the military memoirs that Defoe partly wrote and partly edited during the previous five years.
Christopher R. Miller
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801453694
- eISBN:
- 9780801455780
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801453694.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter examines the poetics of surprise in Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. It considers surprise in relation to bourgeois individualism and the rise of industrial capitalism, Puritan traditions ...
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This chapter examines the poetics of surprise in Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. It considers surprise in relation to bourgeois individualism and the rise of industrial capitalism, Puritan traditions of introspection and allegory, and European imperialism and its forms of exploitation and violence. It also discusses several emblematic and interrelated species of surprise: the gunshot or detonation of gunpowder; natural phenomena both dangerous (lightning, earthquakes) and benign (the growth and generation of plants and animal life); a single footprint in the sand and the subsequent arrival of a friendly stranger. Finally, it highlights the flaw in Crusoe's attempt at risk management as well as the perennial surprise of Crusoe's own strange—and self-estranging—thoughts.Less
This chapter examines the poetics of surprise in Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. It considers surprise in relation to bourgeois individualism and the rise of industrial capitalism, Puritan traditions of introspection and allegory, and European imperialism and its forms of exploitation and violence. It also discusses several emblematic and interrelated species of surprise: the gunshot or detonation of gunpowder; natural phenomena both dangerous (lightning, earthquakes) and benign (the growth and generation of plants and animal life); a single footprint in the sand and the subsequent arrival of a friendly stranger. Finally, it highlights the flaw in Crusoe's attempt at risk management as well as the perennial surprise of Crusoe's own strange—and self-estranging—thoughts.
Monika Baár
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199581184
- eISBN:
- 9780191722806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581184.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Chapter 5, ‘Language as Medium, Language as Message’, is dedicated to the role of language in the scholars' life‐work. It discusses their contribution to the renewal of the national language. It ...
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Chapter 5, ‘Language as Medium, Language as Message’, is dedicated to the role of language in the scholars' life‐work. It discusses their contribution to the renewal of the national language. It demonstrates the possibilities which language provided for arguments about the antiquity, continuity, unity and uniqueness of national history. It then goes on to address problems of intellectual transfer, originality and imitation. On the basis of textual analysis an attempt is made to illustrate how translations and adaptations were exploited as shortcuts in the process of creating national culture. These include the Lithuanian version of Robinson Crusoe, translations of historiographical texts from German into Hungarian and the use of translations for the creation of modern political language in Romania.Less
Chapter 5, ‘Language as Medium, Language as Message’, is dedicated to the role of language in the scholars' life‐work. It discusses their contribution to the renewal of the national language. It demonstrates the possibilities which language provided for arguments about the antiquity, continuity, unity and uniqueness of national history. It then goes on to address problems of intellectual transfer, originality and imitation. On the basis of textual analysis an attempt is made to illustrate how translations and adaptations were exploited as shortcuts in the process of creating national culture. These include the Lithuanian version of Robinson Crusoe, translations of historiographical texts from German into Hungarian and the use of translations for the creation of modern political language in Romania.
Jayne Elizabeth Lewis
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226476698
- eISBN:
- 9780226476711
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226476711.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
Daniel Defoe’s turbulent prose gives away his personal interest toward what he termed “the History and Reality of Apparitions,” not to mention his apparent interest in weather—both of which can be ...
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Daniel Defoe’s turbulent prose gives away his personal interest toward what he termed “the History and Reality of Apparitions,” not to mention his apparent interest in weather—both of which can be gleaned from his influential Robinson Crusoe. This and another of Defoe’s works, A Journal of the Plague Year (1722), both contain an expanse of environment and atmosphere that ushered British literary fiction into a new wave. Robinson Crusoe’s eponymous protagonist is shown to have a keen obsession with the bewildering atmospheric events occurring about him. In him is such a need to master the cycle of the seasons and decipher what it is that God is trying to tell him that he begins writing a journal to chronicle the weather. In this chapter, then, the author takes a deeper look at the atmospheric dimension of Robinson Crusoe in light of contemporary English weather writing.Less
Daniel Defoe’s turbulent prose gives away his personal interest toward what he termed “the History and Reality of Apparitions,” not to mention his apparent interest in weather—both of which can be gleaned from his influential Robinson Crusoe. This and another of Defoe’s works, A Journal of the Plague Year (1722), both contain an expanse of environment and atmosphere that ushered British literary fiction into a new wave. Robinson Crusoe’s eponymous protagonist is shown to have a keen obsession with the bewildering atmospheric events occurring about him. In him is such a need to master the cycle of the seasons and decipher what it is that God is trying to tell him that he begins writing a journal to chronicle the weather. In this chapter, then, the author takes a deeper look at the atmospheric dimension of Robinson Crusoe in light of contemporary English weather writing.
Ning Ma
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190606565
- eISBN:
- 9780190606589
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190606565.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter argues that the novels of Daniel Defoe represent not so much an “origin” as a belated response to global early modernities, and examines in this context the neglected second half of ...
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This chapter argues that the novels of Daniel Defoe represent not so much an “origin” as a belated response to global early modernities, and examines in this context the neglected second half of Robinson Crusoe, in which the protagonist travels to the East as a trader. The sequel’s pronounced anxiety toward Asian economic and technological advancements implicitly structures the trope of island survival and self-sufficiency in the book’s famous first part. Whereas Crusoe’s individuality combines capitalism and colonial elements in a fashion atypical of global narrative realisms during the Age of Silver, Defoe’s later works Moll Flanders and Roxana return to the social setting and present more complex treatments of the socioeconomic transitions of the period through the transgressive figure of the “fallen woman.” Overall, Defoe’s novels constitute one local variation of global literary shifts, rather than the unique embodiment of novelistic modernity.Less
This chapter argues that the novels of Daniel Defoe represent not so much an “origin” as a belated response to global early modernities, and examines in this context the neglected second half of Robinson Crusoe, in which the protagonist travels to the East as a trader. The sequel’s pronounced anxiety toward Asian economic and technological advancements implicitly structures the trope of island survival and self-sufficiency in the book’s famous first part. Whereas Crusoe’s individuality combines capitalism and colonial elements in a fashion atypical of global narrative realisms during the Age of Silver, Defoe’s later works Moll Flanders and Roxana return to the social setting and present more complex treatments of the socioeconomic transitions of the period through the transgressive figure of the “fallen woman.” Overall, Defoe’s novels constitute one local variation of global literary shifts, rather than the unique embodiment of novelistic modernity.
Thomas Nail
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- July 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780197526477
- eISBN:
- 9780197526514
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197526477.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General, Political Philosophy
This chapter posits that the secret of commodity fetishism is nothing other than “The Secret of Primitive Accumulation” of chapter twenty-six of Capital. It is no coincidence that the titles of ...
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This chapter posits that the secret of commodity fetishism is nothing other than “The Secret of Primitive Accumulation” of chapter twenty-six of Capital. It is no coincidence that the titles of chapter one, section four and chapter twenty-six are the only two in all of Capital to reference “the secret.” They are two sides of the same twofold kinetic theory of value laid out in this book. Fetishism and primitive accumulation are entangled with each other in a way rendered explicit in the history of colonialism and in the founding mythology of capitalism itself: the story of Robinson Crusoe.Less
This chapter posits that the secret of commodity fetishism is nothing other than “The Secret of Primitive Accumulation” of chapter twenty-six of Capital. It is no coincidence that the titles of chapter one, section four and chapter twenty-six are the only two in all of Capital to reference “the secret.” They are two sides of the same twofold kinetic theory of value laid out in this book. Fetishism and primitive accumulation are entangled with each other in a way rendered explicit in the history of colonialism and in the founding mythology of capitalism itself: the story of Robinson Crusoe.
John T. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780226689142
- eISBN:
- 9780226689289
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226689289.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
In Chapter 6 I explore two examples of characters in Emile reading other books as part of my own examination of how Rousseau educates his own reader: Emile’s reading of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and ...
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In Chapter 6 I explore two examples of characters in Emile reading other books as part of my own examination of how Rousseau educates his own reader: Emile’s reading of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and the role of reading of Fénelon’s Adventures of Telemachus within the story of Emile and Sophie. After alluding to the problem of writing posed by Plato’s Phaedrus, Rousseau gives Emile the sole book he will read to this point: Robinson Crusoe. Explaining that the work must be edited to make it appropriate for his pupil, Rousseau nonetheless does not identify what exactly that should be excised: another test of the reader. I argue that what must be cut from Defoe’s novel is its religious theme. As for Telemachus, I analyze the roles the work plays in the romance of Emile and Sophie in Book V, including in the second separate section of Emile, “Sophie, or the Woman.” I show how the actions and reactions of all the characters—and the reader of Emile-- are conditioned by whether or how they have read the novel.Less
In Chapter 6 I explore two examples of characters in Emile reading other books as part of my own examination of how Rousseau educates his own reader: Emile’s reading of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and the role of reading of Fénelon’s Adventures of Telemachus within the story of Emile and Sophie. After alluding to the problem of writing posed by Plato’s Phaedrus, Rousseau gives Emile the sole book he will read to this point: Robinson Crusoe. Explaining that the work must be edited to make it appropriate for his pupil, Rousseau nonetheless does not identify what exactly that should be excised: another test of the reader. I argue that what must be cut from Defoe’s novel is its religious theme. As for Telemachus, I analyze the roles the work plays in the romance of Emile and Sophie in Book V, including in the second separate section of Emile, “Sophie, or the Woman.” I show how the actions and reactions of all the characters—and the reader of Emile-- are conditioned by whether or how they have read the novel.
Joseph R. Slaughter
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823228171
- eISBN:
- 9780823241033
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823228171.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
The United Nations delegates' encryption of Robinson Crusoe within the text of Article 29 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, illustrates something of the historical cooperation between the ...
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The United Nations delegates' encryption of Robinson Crusoe within the text of Article 29 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, illustrates something of the historical cooperation between the novel and human rights between what is typically regarded as the sociocultural work of literature and the civil and political work of law. This chapter focuses on the formal, historical, rhetorical, and institutional conditions of international human rights law that make it especially dependent upon cultural forms to give its precepts moral force. It begins by analyzing the image of the human person, and the development of its personality, that the law both takes for granted and articulates, situating this figure at the intersection of natural and positive law approaches to personhood. Abstract rhetorical structures of the law in the chapter become most technically refined and commonly legible in the literary conventions of the Bildungsroman.Less
The United Nations delegates' encryption of Robinson Crusoe within the text of Article 29 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, illustrates something of the historical cooperation between the novel and human rights between what is typically regarded as the sociocultural work of literature and the civil and political work of law. This chapter focuses on the formal, historical, rhetorical, and institutional conditions of international human rights law that make it especially dependent upon cultural forms to give its precepts moral force. It begins by analyzing the image of the human person, and the development of its personality, that the law both takes for granted and articulates, situating this figure at the intersection of natural and positive law approaches to personhood. Abstract rhetorical structures of the law in the chapter become most technically refined and commonly legible in the literary conventions of the Bildungsroman.
Peter Redfield
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520219847
- eISBN:
- 9780520923423
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520219847.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter illustrates Kourou's first development in the 1960s and the basic structure of the contemporary space center, laying the terminological and disciplinary groundwork on Robinson Crusoe. It ...
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This chapter illustrates Kourou's first development in the 1960s and the basic structure of the contemporary space center, laying the terminological and disciplinary groundwork on Robinson Crusoe. It discusses everyday problems of Crusoe's condition and his numerous adventures before arriving on the island, and discusses more after leaving; he was taken slave before he took his own, and found a plantation in Brazil before his fateful voyage. Crusoe marooned was a man painfully displaced. Yet he has, in some senses, always been so, a point worth underscoring. Crusoe, despite his taste for adventure, did not remain an explorer; he became, however unwillingly, a colonist. This condition separates his account from many earlier travel tales of adventurers and merchants, Odysseus to Sinbad. The explorer has come to rest, and in proving himself cosmopolitan, he reworked his body and soul: the island inspires Crusoe to his closest encounter with both spiritual anguish and the material conditions of life.Less
This chapter illustrates Kourou's first development in the 1960s and the basic structure of the contemporary space center, laying the terminological and disciplinary groundwork on Robinson Crusoe. It discusses everyday problems of Crusoe's condition and his numerous adventures before arriving on the island, and discusses more after leaving; he was taken slave before he took his own, and found a plantation in Brazil before his fateful voyage. Crusoe marooned was a man painfully displaced. Yet he has, in some senses, always been so, a point worth underscoring. Crusoe, despite his taste for adventure, did not remain an explorer; he became, however unwillingly, a colonist. This condition separates his account from many earlier travel tales of adventurers and merchants, Odysseus to Sinbad. The explorer has come to rest, and in proving himself cosmopolitan, he reworked his body and soul: the island inspires Crusoe to his closest encounter with both spiritual anguish and the material conditions of life.
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853238430
- eISBN:
- 9781846313561
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780853238430.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This chapter, which analyses the use of metaphor in Michael Tournier's first novel Vendredi ou Les limbes du Pacifique, suggests that this novel investigates the possibilities inherent in a ...
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This chapter, which analyses the use of metaphor in Michael Tournier's first novel Vendredi ou Les limbes du Pacifique, suggests that this novel investigates the possibilities inherent in a philosophy of language and contains the initial parameters of Tournier's figurative discourse. It highlights the significant influence of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe and mentions that Tournier admitted consulting with Alexander Selkirk, the original Robinson Crusoe and real-life inspiration to Defoe.Less
This chapter, which analyses the use of metaphor in Michael Tournier's first novel Vendredi ou Les limbes du Pacifique, suggests that this novel investigates the possibilities inherent in a philosophy of language and contains the initial parameters of Tournier's figurative discourse. It highlights the significant influence of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe and mentions that Tournier admitted consulting with Alexander Selkirk, the original Robinson Crusoe and real-life inspiration to Defoe.
Judith Still
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780748680979
- eISBN:
- 9781474412469
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748680979.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter takes off from Derrida’s examination of the relationship between the sovereign and the people in Early Modern political philosophy, notably Rousseau’s Social Contract and Rousseau’s ...
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This chapter takes off from Derrida’s examination of the relationship between the sovereign and the people in Early Modern political philosophy, notably Rousseau’s Social Contract and Rousseau’s interlocutors (Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes); and from Derrida’s analysis of servitude or slavery in Robinson Crusoe. It sets this in the context of other Enlightenment writings on slavery and abolition (e.g. returning to the Encyclopédie), and to representations of slavery in the Americas more generally, including the English and French versions of the Letters from an American Farmer by the founding father of American identity, Crèvecoeur. Like the savage, the slave exists on the borderline between what is set up as the human and what is set up as the animal. Supporters of slavery put forward the hypothesis of natural slaves who are (like) animals; abolitionists, including former slaves, focus on the bestialisation of human beings who are forced to be property as domestic animals are. Debates over the precise definition of a slave, and over the distinction between figural and literal slaves, also have a purchase on modern slavery and the difficulty of drafting legislation.Less
This chapter takes off from Derrida’s examination of the relationship between the sovereign and the people in Early Modern political philosophy, notably Rousseau’s Social Contract and Rousseau’s interlocutors (Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes); and from Derrida’s analysis of servitude or slavery in Robinson Crusoe. It sets this in the context of other Enlightenment writings on slavery and abolition (e.g. returning to the Encyclopédie), and to representations of slavery in the Americas more generally, including the English and French versions of the Letters from an American Farmer by the founding father of American identity, Crèvecoeur. Like the savage, the slave exists on the borderline between what is set up as the human and what is set up as the animal. Supporters of slavery put forward the hypothesis of natural slaves who are (like) animals; abolitionists, including former slaves, focus on the bestialisation of human beings who are forced to be property as domestic animals are. Debates over the precise definition of a slave, and over the distinction between figural and literal slaves, also have a purchase on modern slavery and the difficulty of drafting legislation.