David Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474430210
- eISBN:
- 9781474481151
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474430210.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Dreaming of Freedom in South Africa examines for the first time the many different texts imagining the future after the end of apartheid. Focused on well-known and obscure literary texts from the ...
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Dreaming of Freedom in South Africa examines for the first time the many different texts imagining the future after the end of apartheid. Focused on well-known and obscure literary texts from the 1880s to the 1970s, as well as the many manifestos and programmes setting out visions of the future, this book charts the dreams of freedom of five major traditions of anti-colonial and anti-apartheid resistance: the African National Congress (ANC), the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU), the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), the Non-European Unity Movement (NEUM) and the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC). The works of a number of South African literary figures are discussed, including Olive Schreiner, S. E. K. Mqhayi, Alan Paton, Karel Schoeman, Jordan Ngubane, Winnifred Holtby, Ethelreda Lewis, Dora Taylor, Livingstone Mqotsi, Peter Abrahams, Richard Rive, Lauretta Ngcobo and Bessie Head. Political thinkers analysed include Nelson Mandela, R. F. A. Hoernlé, Albert Luthuli, Clements Kadalie, A. W. G. Champion, Edward Roux, James La Guma, Alfred Nzula, I. B. Tabata, Ben Kies, Anton Lembede, A. P. Mda and Robert Sobukwe. The theoretical dimensions of the study are orientated in relation to major Marxist critics of utopianism like Marx, Friedrich Engels, Leon Trotsky and Ernst Bloch, as well as to thinkers like Hannah Arendt, Immanuel Wallerstein, James C. Scott and Jay Winter. More than an exercise in historical excavation, Dreaming of Freedom in South Africa raises challenging questions for the post-apartheid present.Less
Dreaming of Freedom in South Africa examines for the first time the many different texts imagining the future after the end of apartheid. Focused on well-known and obscure literary texts from the 1880s to the 1970s, as well as the many manifestos and programmes setting out visions of the future, this book charts the dreams of freedom of five major traditions of anti-colonial and anti-apartheid resistance: the African National Congress (ANC), the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU), the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), the Non-European Unity Movement (NEUM) and the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC). The works of a number of South African literary figures are discussed, including Olive Schreiner, S. E. K. Mqhayi, Alan Paton, Karel Schoeman, Jordan Ngubane, Winnifred Holtby, Ethelreda Lewis, Dora Taylor, Livingstone Mqotsi, Peter Abrahams, Richard Rive, Lauretta Ngcobo and Bessie Head. Political thinkers analysed include Nelson Mandela, R. F. A. Hoernlé, Albert Luthuli, Clements Kadalie, A. W. G. Champion, Edward Roux, James La Guma, Alfred Nzula, I. B. Tabata, Ben Kies, Anton Lembede, A. P. Mda and Robert Sobukwe. The theoretical dimensions of the study are orientated in relation to major Marxist critics of utopianism like Marx, Friedrich Engels, Leon Trotsky and Ernst Bloch, as well as to thinkers like Hannah Arendt, Immanuel Wallerstein, James C. Scott and Jay Winter. More than an exercise in historical excavation, Dreaming of Freedom in South Africa raises challenging questions for the post-apartheid present.
Chris Rossdale
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781474443036
- eISBN:
- 9781474465335
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474443036.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
In the past 15 years, anti-militarist activists in the UK have auctioned off a tank outside an arms fair, superglued themselves to Lockheed Martin’s central London offices and stopped a battleship ...
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In the past 15 years, anti-militarist activists in the UK have auctioned off a tank outside an arms fair, superglued themselves to Lockheed Martin’s central London offices and stopped a battleship with a canoe. They have also challenged militarism on an everyday level in many other ways. This book tells the story of their resistance. It explores why anti-militarists take part in such actions, considers the politics of different tactics and examines the tensions and debates within the movement.
Resisting Militarism draws on a range of critical theoretical traditions including anarchist, feminist, postcolonial, poststructural and queer theory. These are engaged to both animate and interrogate anti-militarist politics, with particular emphasis placed on activists’ use of prefigurative direct action.
As it explores the multifaceted, imaginative and highly subversive world of anti-militarism, the book also makes two overarching arguments. First, that anti-militarists can help us to understand militarism in novel and useful ways. And secondly, that the methods and ideas used by anti-militarists can be a potent force for radical political change.Less
In the past 15 years, anti-militarist activists in the UK have auctioned off a tank outside an arms fair, superglued themselves to Lockheed Martin’s central London offices and stopped a battleship with a canoe. They have also challenged militarism on an everyday level in many other ways. This book tells the story of their resistance. It explores why anti-militarists take part in such actions, considers the politics of different tactics and examines the tensions and debates within the movement.
Resisting Militarism draws on a range of critical theoretical traditions including anarchist, feminist, postcolonial, poststructural and queer theory. These are engaged to both animate and interrogate anti-militarist politics, with particular emphasis placed on activists’ use of prefigurative direct action.
As it explores the multifaceted, imaginative and highly subversive world of anti-militarism, the book also makes two overarching arguments. First, that anti-militarists can help us to understand militarism in novel and useful ways. And secondly, that the methods and ideas used by anti-militarists can be a potent force for radical political change.
Helena Liu
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781529200041
- eISBN:
- 9781529200096
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529200041.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
We are living in an inhospitable world. Countries like the United States, United Kingdom and Australia are hardening their borders while organisations and societies are mounting a backlash against ...
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We are living in an inhospitable world. Countries like the United States, United Kingdom and Australia are hardening their borders while organisations and societies are mounting a backlash against even the most modest advancements towards gender and racial equality. Leadership has served as a vehicle through which domination and oppression are normalised and romanticised. Despite its troubled history, leadership continues to enjoy a sacred status in our cultures and is often upheld as the solution for inclusion. Redeeming Leadership aims to identify and challenge the violences of leadership by confronting the hegemony of imperialist, white supremacist, capitalist and patriarchal ideologies within leadership theorising and practice. In doing so, the book draws on the complex and distinct traditions of anti-racist feminisms in order to offer redemptive possibilities for ‘leadership’ that may be exercised from the values of justice, solidarity and love.Less
We are living in an inhospitable world. Countries like the United States, United Kingdom and Australia are hardening their borders while organisations and societies are mounting a backlash against even the most modest advancements towards gender and racial equality. Leadership has served as a vehicle through which domination and oppression are normalised and romanticised. Despite its troubled history, leadership continues to enjoy a sacred status in our cultures and is often upheld as the solution for inclusion. Redeeming Leadership aims to identify and challenge the violences of leadership by confronting the hegemony of imperialist, white supremacist, capitalist and patriarchal ideologies within leadership theorising and practice. In doing so, the book draws on the complex and distinct traditions of anti-racist feminisms in order to offer redemptive possibilities for ‘leadership’ that may be exercised from the values of justice, solidarity and love.
Adam Branch
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199782086
- eISBN:
- 9780199919130
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199782086.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Western intervention has become a ubiquitous feature of violent conflict in Africa. Humanitarian aid agencies, community peacebuilders, microcredit promoters, children’s rights activists, the World ...
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Western intervention has become a ubiquitous feature of violent conflict in Africa. Humanitarian aid agencies, community peacebuilders, microcredit promoters, children’s rights activists, the World Bank, the International Criminal Court, the US military, and numerous others have involved themselves in African conflicts, all claiming to bring peace and human rights to situations where they are desperately needed. However, according to Adam Branch, Western intervention is not the solution to violence in Africa but, instead, can be a major part of the problem, often undermining human rights and even prolonging war and intensifying anti-civilian violence. Based on an extended case study of Western intervention into northern Uganda’s twenty-year civil war, and drawing on his own extensive research and human rights activism there, this book lays bare the reductive understandings motivating Western intervention in Africa, the inadequate tools it insists on employing, its refusal to be accountable to African citizenries, and, most important, its counterproductive consequences for peace, human rights, and justice. In short, Branch demonstrates how Western interventions undermine the efforts Africans themselves are undertaking to end violence in their own communities. The book does not end with critique, however. Motivated by a commitment to global justice, it proposes concrete changes for Western humanitarian, peacebuilding, and justice interventions as well as a new normative framework for re-orienting the Western approach to violent conflict in Africa around a practice of genuine solidarity.Less
Western intervention has become a ubiquitous feature of violent conflict in Africa. Humanitarian aid agencies, community peacebuilders, microcredit promoters, children’s rights activists, the World Bank, the International Criminal Court, the US military, and numerous others have involved themselves in African conflicts, all claiming to bring peace and human rights to situations where they are desperately needed. However, according to Adam Branch, Western intervention is not the solution to violence in Africa but, instead, can be a major part of the problem, often undermining human rights and even prolonging war and intensifying anti-civilian violence. Based on an extended case study of Western intervention into northern Uganda’s twenty-year civil war, and drawing on his own extensive research and human rights activism there, this book lays bare the reductive understandings motivating Western intervention in Africa, the inadequate tools it insists on employing, its refusal to be accountable to African citizenries, and, most important, its counterproductive consequences for peace, human rights, and justice. In short, Branch demonstrates how Western interventions undermine the efforts Africans themselves are undertaking to end violence in their own communities. The book does not end with critique, however. Motivated by a commitment to global justice, it proposes concrete changes for Western humanitarian, peacebuilding, and justice interventions as well as a new normative framework for re-orienting the Western approach to violent conflict in Africa around a practice of genuine solidarity.
Hawraa Al-Hassan
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781474441759
- eISBN:
- 9781474491341
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474441759.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
The book examines the trajectory of the state sponsored novel in Iraq and considers the ways in which explicitly political and/or ideological texts functioned as resistive counter narratives. It ...
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The book examines the trajectory of the state sponsored novel in Iraq and considers the ways in which explicitly political and/or ideological texts functioned as resistive counter narratives. It argues that both the novel and ‘progressive’ discourses on women were used as markers of Iraq’s cultural revival under the Ba‘th and were a key element in the state’s propaganda campaign within Iraq and abroad. In an effort to expand its readership and increase support for its pan-Arab project, the Iraqi Ba‘th almost completely eradicated illiteracy among women. As Iraq was metaphorically transformed into a ‘female’, through its nationalist trope, women writers simultaneously found opportunities and faced obstacles from the state, as the ‘Woman Question’ became a site of contention between those who would advocate the progressiveness of the Ba‘th and those who would stress its repressiveness and immorality. By exploring discourses on gender in both propaganda and high art fictional writings by Iraqis, this book offers an alternative narrative of the literary and cultural history of Iraq. It ultimately expands the idea of cultural resistance beyond the modern/traditional, progressive/backward paradigms that characterise discourses on Arab women and the state, and argues that resistance is embedded in the material form of texts as much as their content or ideological message.Less
The book examines the trajectory of the state sponsored novel in Iraq and considers the ways in which explicitly political and/or ideological texts functioned as resistive counter narratives. It argues that both the novel and ‘progressive’ discourses on women were used as markers of Iraq’s cultural revival under the Ba‘th and were a key element in the state’s propaganda campaign within Iraq and abroad. In an effort to expand its readership and increase support for its pan-Arab project, the Iraqi Ba‘th almost completely eradicated illiteracy among women. As Iraq was metaphorically transformed into a ‘female’, through its nationalist trope, women writers simultaneously found opportunities and faced obstacles from the state, as the ‘Woman Question’ became a site of contention between those who would advocate the progressiveness of the Ba‘th and those who would stress its repressiveness and immorality. By exploring discourses on gender in both propaganda and high art fictional writings by Iraqis, this book offers an alternative narrative of the literary and cultural history of Iraq. It ultimately expands the idea of cultural resistance beyond the modern/traditional, progressive/backward paradigms that characterise discourses on Arab women and the state, and argues that resistance is embedded in the material form of texts as much as their content or ideological message.
Klemens von Klemperer
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205517
- eISBN:
- 9780191676659
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205517.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Military History
Historians have for a long time been attempting to identify and look into the several different factors that may have aided in bringing down Hitler’s Germany. Aside from strategic planning, ...
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Historians have for a long time been attempting to identify and look into the several different factors that may have aided in bringing down Hitler’s Germany. Aside from strategic planning, diplomacy, carrying out military operations, intelligence, the Allies’ economic and industrial strength, and Hitler’s possible miscalculations, this book gives attention to one very significant factor — Germany’s internal resistance to Nazism. In line with the European Resistance movement, commonly known as Résistance, that aimed to achieve freedom among European countries from occupation while advocating human rights and national integrity, this book will attempt to examine the German Resistance of the Widerstand, and how this greatly contributed to the struggle against Nazi oppression. In providing such a history, though, it is vital for the historian to look into the various aspects of the resistance that may have manifested not only in those within Germany but also those Germans in exile.Less
Historians have for a long time been attempting to identify and look into the several different factors that may have aided in bringing down Hitler’s Germany. Aside from strategic planning, diplomacy, carrying out military operations, intelligence, the Allies’ economic and industrial strength, and Hitler’s possible miscalculations, this book gives attention to one very significant factor — Germany’s internal resistance to Nazism. In line with the European Resistance movement, commonly known as Résistance, that aimed to achieve freedom among European countries from occupation while advocating human rights and national integrity, this book will attempt to examine the German Resistance of the Widerstand, and how this greatly contributed to the struggle against Nazi oppression. In providing such a history, though, it is vital for the historian to look into the various aspects of the resistance that may have manifested not only in those within Germany but also those Germans in exile.
Jacob Shell
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029339
- eISBN:
- 9780262330404
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029339.001.0001
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Cultural and Historical Geography
What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era ...
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What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era when much transfer of information moves across a wire-tappable medium, and much transport of goods and people occurs across a mapped network of tracks and checkpoints, what social history of the specter of subversive trafficking—and of the associated political fears this specter has been able to elicit—might help us better understand the retrenchment of an older range of possibilities for human mobility? This book pursues these lines of inquiry, focusing on several modes of transportation which have been perceived, in different times and places, as especially useful for clandestine, subversive logistics, and which have also become relatively marginalized and divested from over the past century and a half. The examples treated in the book are mostly animal-based forms of transportation (carrier pigeons, mules, elephants, camels, and sled-dogs) or water-based forms of transportation (especially canal and harbor boats). The book’s overall historical-geographic discussion is mainly concerned with the period from 1850 to 1950, though some examples are from well before or well after this period. The discussion extends to many parts of the world, most of them (with exceptions) places which were at some point in their history within the confines of the British Empire.Less
What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era when much transfer of information moves across a wire-tappable medium, and much transport of goods and people occurs across a mapped network of tracks and checkpoints, what social history of the specter of subversive trafficking—and of the associated political fears this specter has been able to elicit—might help us better understand the retrenchment of an older range of possibilities for human mobility? This book pursues these lines of inquiry, focusing on several modes of transportation which have been perceived, in different times and places, as especially useful for clandestine, subversive logistics, and which have also become relatively marginalized and divested from over the past century and a half. The examples treated in the book are mostly animal-based forms of transportation (carrier pigeons, mules, elephants, camels, and sled-dogs) or water-based forms of transportation (especially canal and harbor boats). The book’s overall historical-geographic discussion is mainly concerned with the period from 1850 to 1950, though some examples are from well before or well after this period. The discussion extends to many parts of the world, most of them (with exceptions) places which were at some point in their history within the confines of the British Empire.
Françoise Meltzer
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226625638
- eISBN:
- 9780226625775
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226625775.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This book draws on literature and a never-before-seen cache of photographs taken by a member of the French Resistance (who is also the author's mother), immediately following the Allied bombing of ...
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This book draws on literature and a never-before-seen cache of photographs taken by a member of the French Resistance (who is also the author's mother), immediately following the Allied bombing of Berlin and other German cities near the end of World War II. The book explores the representation of catastrophe through the gaze of the camera's lens. It uses the medium and witnessing of photography to question the ethics of targeting civilians during war.Less
This book draws on literature and a never-before-seen cache of photographs taken by a member of the French Resistance (who is also the author's mother), immediately following the Allied bombing of Berlin and other German cities near the end of World War II. The book explores the representation of catastrophe through the gaze of the camera's lens. It uses the medium and witnessing of photography to question the ethics of targeting civilians during war.
Adam Branch
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199782086
- eISBN:
- 9780199919130
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199782086.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Chapter 2 is a historical account of the politics of the northern Uganda conflict, placing it in its local, national, and international contexts. It begins with the colonial period and follows Acholi ...
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Chapter 2 is a historical account of the politics of the northern Uganda conflict, placing it in its local, national, and international contexts. It begins with the colonial period and follows Acholi political history to the present to demonstrate how internal and national political crises of the Acholi combined to underlie the inception and continuation of the war. The chapter examines the new forms these crises have taken since the government’s mass internment of the Acholi peasantry began in 1996. It argues that a sustainable resolution to the violence will have to be predicated upon a democratic resolution of these two crises, which can only proceed through the inclusive political organization and action of Acholi themselves. The chapter also shows the detrimental impact that the international context has had on the war: Uganda has used international support to intensify the war, increase its militarization, and repress democratic domestic politics.Less
Chapter 2 is a historical account of the politics of the northern Uganda conflict, placing it in its local, national, and international contexts. It begins with the colonial period and follows Acholi political history to the present to demonstrate how internal and national political crises of the Acholi combined to underlie the inception and continuation of the war. The chapter examines the new forms these crises have taken since the government’s mass internment of the Acholi peasantry began in 1996. It argues that a sustainable resolution to the violence will have to be predicated upon a democratic resolution of these two crises, which can only proceed through the inclusive political organization and action of Acholi themselves. The chapter also shows the detrimental impact that the international context has had on the war: Uganda has used international support to intensify the war, increase its militarization, and repress democratic domestic politics.
William A. Richards and G. William Barnard
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231174060
- eISBN:
- 9780231540919
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231174060.003.0017
- Subject:
- Psychology, Psychopharmacology
Awe and Openness; how entrenched attitudes gradually change.
Awe and Openness; how entrenched attitudes gradually change.
Sara Roy
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159676
- eISBN:
- 9781400848942
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159676.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This chapter examines the Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas, which was established at the beginning of the first Palestinian uprising in December 1987. This analysis of Hamas focuses on its social ...
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This chapter examines the Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas, which was established at the beginning of the first Palestinian uprising in December 1987. This analysis of Hamas focuses on its social dimensions and on the relationship between its social and political sectors, primarily in the Gaza Strip, where the Islamist movement in Palestine is most concentrated. The chapter also explores the ways in which Islamic political institutions interact with and/or influence social institutions and vice versa, the nature of Islamic social and political mobilization in Palestine and the links between them, the changing nature of Islamically legitimized action in the public and political spheres, and the slowly emerging secularization of religious discourse as a way of adapting to existing social and political realities.Less
This chapter examines the Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas, which was established at the beginning of the first Palestinian uprising in December 1987. This analysis of Hamas focuses on its social dimensions and on the relationship between its social and political sectors, primarily in the Gaza Strip, where the Islamist movement in Palestine is most concentrated. The chapter also explores the ways in which Islamic political institutions interact with and/or influence social institutions and vice versa, the nature of Islamic social and political mobilization in Palestine and the links between them, the changing nature of Islamically legitimized action in the public and political spheres, and the slowly emerging secularization of religious discourse as a way of adapting to existing social and political realities.
Sara Roy
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159676
- eISBN:
- 9781400848942
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159676.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This chapter provides background and a general context for examining Hamas' specific role as social actor. The Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas was born with the first Palestinian uprising, or ...
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This chapter provides background and a general context for examining Hamas' specific role as social actor. The Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas was born with the first Palestinian uprising, or Intifada, in December 1987. The birth of this organization represented the Palestinian embodiment of political Islam in the Middle East. Although Hamas itself is a relatively recent phenomenon, it is rooted in a decades-old history of Islamic activism that began with the establishment of the Muslim Brotherhood in Gaza City in 1945. Hamas' evolution and influence were primarily due to the nature of Hamas' participation in that Intifada: the operations of its military wing, the work of its political leadership, and its social activities.Less
This chapter provides background and a general context for examining Hamas' specific role as social actor. The Islamic Resistance Movement or Hamas was born with the first Palestinian uprising, or Intifada, in December 1987. The birth of this organization represented the Palestinian embodiment of political Islam in the Middle East. Although Hamas itself is a relatively recent phenomenon, it is rooted in a decades-old history of Islamic activism that began with the establishment of the Muslim Brotherhood in Gaza City in 1945. Hamas' evolution and influence were primarily due to the nature of Hamas' participation in that Intifada: the operations of its military wing, the work of its political leadership, and its social activities.
Malcolm W. Klein and Cheryl L. Maxson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195163445
- eISBN:
- 9780199943340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195163445.003.0024
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter takes a close look at some of the largest and most prominent attempts at prevention, intervention, and suppression of gang activities. These include the Illinois attorney general's ...
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This chapter takes a close look at some of the largest and most prominent attempts at prevention, intervention, and suppression of gang activities. These include the Illinois attorney general's program; the L.A. Bridges program in Los Angeles; the national Gang Resistance, Education, and Training program (G.R.E.A.T.), a series of suppression projects mounted in southern California; and the application of the Spergel Model to the national Comprehensive Community-wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression program and to the Safe Futures program (both sponsored by the U.S. Department of Justice). The chapter discusses the program failures—in implementation or effectiveness—in terms of political and ideological conventional wisdoms rather than their use of basic gang knowledge.Less
This chapter takes a close look at some of the largest and most prominent attempts at prevention, intervention, and suppression of gang activities. These include the Illinois attorney general's program; the L.A. Bridges program in Los Angeles; the national Gang Resistance, Education, and Training program (G.R.E.A.T.), a series of suppression projects mounted in southern California; and the application of the Spergel Model to the national Comprehensive Community-wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression program and to the Safe Futures program (both sponsored by the U.S. Department of Justice). The chapter discusses the program failures—in implementation or effectiveness—in terms of political and ideological conventional wisdoms rather than their use of basic gang knowledge.
Shannon Winnubst
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231172950
- eISBN:
- 9780231539883
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172950.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of cool have informed the American ethos since at least the 1970s. Whether we strive for it in politics or fashion, cool is big business for those who can sell it ...
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Life, liberty, and the pursuit of cool have informed the American ethos since at least the 1970s. Whether we strive for it in politics or fashion, cool is big business for those who can sell it across a range of markets and media. Yet the concept wasn’t always a popular commodity. Cool began as a potent aesthetic of post-World War II black culture, embodying a very specific, highly charged method of resistance to white supremacy and the globalized exploitation of capital. Way Too Cool follows the hollowing-out of “coolness” in modern American culture and its reflection of a larger evasion of race, racism, and ethics now common in neoliberal society. It revisits such watershed events as the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, second-wave feminism, the emergence of identity politics, 1980s multiculturalism, 1990s rhetorics of diversity and colorblindness, 9/11, and Hurricane Katrina, as well as the contemporaneous developments of rising mass incarceration and legalized same-sex marriage. It pairs the perversion of cool with the slow erasure of racial and ethical issues from our social consciousness, which effectively quashes our desire to act ethically and resist abuses of power. The cooler we become, the more indifferent we grow to the question of values, particularly inquiry that spurs protest and conflict. This book sounds an alarm for those who care about preserving our ties to an American tradition of resistance.Less
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of cool have informed the American ethos since at least the 1970s. Whether we strive for it in politics or fashion, cool is big business for those who can sell it across a range of markets and media. Yet the concept wasn’t always a popular commodity. Cool began as a potent aesthetic of post-World War II black culture, embodying a very specific, highly charged method of resistance to white supremacy and the globalized exploitation of capital. Way Too Cool follows the hollowing-out of “coolness” in modern American culture and its reflection of a larger evasion of race, racism, and ethics now common in neoliberal society. It revisits such watershed events as the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, second-wave feminism, the emergence of identity politics, 1980s multiculturalism, 1990s rhetorics of diversity and colorblindness, 9/11, and Hurricane Katrina, as well as the contemporaneous developments of rising mass incarceration and legalized same-sex marriage. It pairs the perversion of cool with the slow erasure of racial and ethical issues from our social consciousness, which effectively quashes our desire to act ethically and resist abuses of power. The cooler we become, the more indifferent we grow to the question of values, particularly inquiry that spurs protest and conflict. This book sounds an alarm for those who care about preserving our ties to an American tradition of resistance.
Sarah Haley
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469627595
- eISBN:
- 9781469627618
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469627595.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that ...
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No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that the carceral state circulated and entrenched ideas about gender that were critical to the making of Jim Crow. This book reveals how the criminal legal system crafted, reinforced, and required black female deviance as part of the broader constitution of Jim Crow modernity premised upon the devaluation of black life broadly. A study of imprisoned black women’s historical lives, experiences of violence and labor exploitation, practices of refusal and resistance, and visions of freedom and abolition, this book makes the intersection of race, gender, sexuality, and class central to the history of convict labor and Jim Crow modernity. No Mercy Here incorporates speculative historical narrative to highlight questions about black women’s interior lives and draws upon a wide array of archival documents to uncover black women’s experiences in local and state carceral institutions including mixed gender and all-women’s convict lease camps, chain gangs, and state prison farms. This study encompasses an analysis of a broad range of carceral technologies including criminalizing discourses, surveillance, arrest and prosecution, visual culture, reform legislation, and gendered racial terror. No Mercy Here examines black women’s organizational protest against convict leasing and examines the blues as a black feminist expressive culture within a black radical tradition, prefiguring the insights of critical race theory and asserting a black feminist abolition democracy through vivid and elaborate theorizations of racial, gendered, sexual, and economic justice and a world beyond prisons.Less
No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that the carceral state circulated and entrenched ideas about gender that were critical to the making of Jim Crow. This book reveals how the criminal legal system crafted, reinforced, and required black female deviance as part of the broader constitution of Jim Crow modernity premised upon the devaluation of black life broadly. A study of imprisoned black women’s historical lives, experiences of violence and labor exploitation, practices of refusal and resistance, and visions of freedom and abolition, this book makes the intersection of race, gender, sexuality, and class central to the history of convict labor and Jim Crow modernity. No Mercy Here incorporates speculative historical narrative to highlight questions about black women’s interior lives and draws upon a wide array of archival documents to uncover black women’s experiences in local and state carceral institutions including mixed gender and all-women’s convict lease camps, chain gangs, and state prison farms. This study encompasses an analysis of a broad range of carceral technologies including criminalizing discourses, surveillance, arrest and prosecution, visual culture, reform legislation, and gendered racial terror. No Mercy Here examines black women’s organizational protest against convict leasing and examines the blues as a black feminist expressive culture within a black radical tradition, prefiguring the insights of critical race theory and asserting a black feminist abolition democracy through vivid and elaborate theorizations of racial, gendered, sexual, and economic justice and a world beyond prisons.
Lisa Brooks
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300196733
- eISBN:
- 9780300231113
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300196733.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Native American Studies
With rigorous original scholarship and creative narration, Our Beloved Kin recovers a complex picture of war, captivity, and resistance during the “First Indian War” (later named “King Philip’s War”) ...
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With rigorous original scholarship and creative narration, Our Beloved Kin recovers a complex picture of war, captivity, and resistance during the “First Indian War” (later named “King Philip’s War”) by relaying the stories of Weetamoo, a female Wampanoag leader, and James Printer, a Nipmuc scholar, whose stories converge in the captivity of Mary Rowlandson. King Philip’s War (1675-1678) is often viewed as the quintessential moment of colonial conquest and Native resistance, but these stories reveal a historical landscape much more complex than its original Puritan narrators conveyed. Our Beloved Kin also draws readers beyond the locus of most narratives of the war, southern New England, into the northern front, the vast interior of Wabanaki, where the war continued long beyond the death of “King Philip.” Beginning and ending at Caskoak, a place of diplomacy, the book explores the movement of survivors seeking refuge, captives taken in war, and Indigenous leaders pursuing diplomacy in vast Indigenous networks across the northeast. Supplemented by thirteen maps and an interactive website, Our Beloved Kin takes readers into Indigenous geographies, braiding together research in historical archives, including little-known revelatory documents, interpretive frameworks drawn from Indigenous languages, and place-based history which arises from reading “the archive of the land” to offer a compelling new interpretation of “King Philip’s War.”Less
With rigorous original scholarship and creative narration, Our Beloved Kin recovers a complex picture of war, captivity, and resistance during the “First Indian War” (later named “King Philip’s War”) by relaying the stories of Weetamoo, a female Wampanoag leader, and James Printer, a Nipmuc scholar, whose stories converge in the captivity of Mary Rowlandson. King Philip’s War (1675-1678) is often viewed as the quintessential moment of colonial conquest and Native resistance, but these stories reveal a historical landscape much more complex than its original Puritan narrators conveyed. Our Beloved Kin also draws readers beyond the locus of most narratives of the war, southern New England, into the northern front, the vast interior of Wabanaki, where the war continued long beyond the death of “King Philip.” Beginning and ending at Caskoak, a place of diplomacy, the book explores the movement of survivors seeking refuge, captives taken in war, and Indigenous leaders pursuing diplomacy in vast Indigenous networks across the northeast. Supplemented by thirteen maps and an interactive website, Our Beloved Kin takes readers into Indigenous geographies, braiding together research in historical archives, including little-known revelatory documents, interpretive frameworks drawn from Indigenous languages, and place-based history which arises from reading “the archive of the land” to offer a compelling new interpretation of “King Philip’s War.”
John Kyle Day
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781628460315
- eISBN:
- 9781626740471
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628460315.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The Southern Manifesto: Massive Resistance and the Fight to Preserve Segregation is the first complete study of the Declaration of Constitutional Principles, popularly known as the Southern ...
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The Southern Manifesto: Massive Resistance and the Fight to Preserve Segregation is the first complete study of the Declaration of Constitutional Principles, popularly known as the Southern Manifesto. On March 13, 1956, ninety-nine members of the Eighty-Fourth United States Congress promulgated the Southern Manifesto, formally stating opposition to Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and the emerging Civil Rights Movement. This book explores a crucial aspect of post-war American history in general and the Civil Rights Movement in particular, most notably that of efforts by southern segregationists to construct a quasi-legal and political defense against the desegregation decisions of the Federal judiciary. This promulgation was also a response to the increasing support by American public opinion to advocates of desegregation, as well as the increasing isolation of the South and its traditional social structures.
The Southern Manifesto was seminally important in creating the concerted and ultimately successful effort by white southerners to oppose the implementation of the Brown decision, a movement that came to be known as massive resistance. This study treats the Southern Manifesto as a document in and of itself, analyzing its text, its authors, its supporters and opponents. The Southern Manifesto, therefore, explains where the formation of the segregationist majority came from and how it became the standard for the South during this period, and thus creates a useful window through which to view the racial dynamics of postwar America.Less
The Southern Manifesto: Massive Resistance and the Fight to Preserve Segregation is the first complete study of the Declaration of Constitutional Principles, popularly known as the Southern Manifesto. On March 13, 1956, ninety-nine members of the Eighty-Fourth United States Congress promulgated the Southern Manifesto, formally stating opposition to Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and the emerging Civil Rights Movement. This book explores a crucial aspect of post-war American history in general and the Civil Rights Movement in particular, most notably that of efforts by southern segregationists to construct a quasi-legal and political defense against the desegregation decisions of the Federal judiciary. This promulgation was also a response to the increasing support by American public opinion to advocates of desegregation, as well as the increasing isolation of the South and its traditional social structures.
The Southern Manifesto was seminally important in creating the concerted and ultimately successful effort by white southerners to oppose the implementation of the Brown decision, a movement that came to be known as massive resistance. This study treats the Southern Manifesto as a document in and of itself, analyzing its text, its authors, its supporters and opponents. The Southern Manifesto, therefore, explains where the formation of the segregationist majority came from and how it became the standard for the South during this period, and thus creates a useful window through which to view the racial dynamics of postwar America.
H. R. Kedward
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205784
- eISBN:
- 9780191676796
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205784.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Military History
This book is a study of the Maquis in southern France, the Resisters who took to the woods and hills in the struggle against the German Occupation in the Second World War. This detailed and ...
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This book is a study of the Maquis in southern France, the Resisters who took to the woods and hills in the struggle against the German Occupation in the Second World War. This detailed and perceptive account explores what participation in the Maquis meant for those involved, both at the time and subsequently. The book examines the motivations of the maquisards and how the circumstances of occupation and resistance affected the ways of life of rural communities in the south of France. This is a rich and original book that achieves a fruitful integration of extensive archival research and oral history. Its scholarly and readable history allows the voices of individuals to be heard, and offers us important insights into the nature of community and regional tradition. From the many fascinating and moving individual stories emerge a sense of place, a clearer understanding of the maquisard, and an unsentimental assessment of the role of the Maquis in French history.Less
This book is a study of the Maquis in southern France, the Resisters who took to the woods and hills in the struggle against the German Occupation in the Second World War. This detailed and perceptive account explores what participation in the Maquis meant for those involved, both at the time and subsequently. The book examines the motivations of the maquisards and how the circumstances of occupation and resistance affected the ways of life of rural communities in the south of France. This is a rich and original book that achieves a fruitful integration of extensive archival research and oral history. Its scholarly and readable history allows the voices of individuals to be heard, and offers us important insights into the nature of community and regional tradition. From the many fascinating and moving individual stories emerge a sense of place, a clearer understanding of the maquisard, and an unsentimental assessment of the role of the Maquis in French history.
Marcel Ophuls
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198715153
- eISBN:
- 9780191694929
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198715153.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The chapter discusses that the instincts that led a feminist group to stage a demonstration at the tomb of the Unknown Warrior were very sound ones and that the groups could have hardly chosen a ...
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The chapter discusses that the instincts that led a feminist group to stage a demonstration at the tomb of the Unknown Warrior were very sound ones and that the groups could have hardly chosen a better site to signal the new cultural politics and the challenge to established discourses of gender, particularly as it had featured prominently in May’s ideological battles. The chapter states that Malraux, Michel Debre, Francois Muriac, and the Gaullist hierarchy paid homage to the Unknown Warrior and had reclaimed the site from an earlier student demonstration and stated that ‘This is their eternal France, the France of Resistance, of patriotism, of defence of the nation. It is a people’s France too’, even though they were a different group from the ones in the earlier demonstrations. It is also discussed in the chapter that May was a month saturated in history, yet at the same time, history was also being spontaneously rediscovered and relived for the first time, by a new generation.Less
The chapter discusses that the instincts that led a feminist group to stage a demonstration at the tomb of the Unknown Warrior were very sound ones and that the groups could have hardly chosen a better site to signal the new cultural politics and the challenge to established discourses of gender, particularly as it had featured prominently in May’s ideological battles. The chapter states that Malraux, Michel Debre, Francois Muriac, and the Gaullist hierarchy paid homage to the Unknown Warrior and had reclaimed the site from an earlier student demonstration and stated that ‘This is their eternal France, the France of Resistance, of patriotism, of defence of the nation. It is a people’s France too’, even though they were a different group from the ones in the earlier demonstrations. It is also discussed in the chapter that May was a month saturated in history, yet at the same time, history was also being spontaneously rediscovered and relived for the first time, by a new generation.
Klemens von Klemperer
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205517
- eISBN:
- 9780191676659
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205517.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Military History
This study uncovers the beliefs and activities of numerous individuals who fought against Nazism within Germany, and traces their many efforts to forge alliances with Hitler’s opponents outside the ...
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This study uncovers the beliefs and activities of numerous individuals who fought against Nazism within Germany, and traces their many efforts to forge alliances with Hitler’s opponents outside the Third Reich. Measured by conventional standards of diplomacy, the foreign ventures of the German Resistance ended in failure. The Allied agencies, notably the British Foreign Office and the US State Department, were ill prepared to deal with the unorthodox approaches of the Widerstand. Ultimately, the Allies’ policy of ‘absolute silence’, the Grand Alliance with the Soviet Union, and the demand for ‘unconditional surrender’ pushed the war to its final denouement, disregarding the German Resistance.Less
This study uncovers the beliefs and activities of numerous individuals who fought against Nazism within Germany, and traces their many efforts to forge alliances with Hitler’s opponents outside the Third Reich. Measured by conventional standards of diplomacy, the foreign ventures of the German Resistance ended in failure. The Allied agencies, notably the British Foreign Office and the US State Department, were ill prepared to deal with the unorthodox approaches of the Widerstand. Ultimately, the Allies’ policy of ‘absolute silence’, the Grand Alliance with the Soviet Union, and the demand for ‘unconditional surrender’ pushed the war to its final denouement, disregarding the German Resistance.
