Mark Neocleous
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780748692361
- eISBN:
- 9780748697205
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748692361.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book is a critical exploration of the ways in which the war power and the police power are intertwined in the form of state violence and exercised in the fabrication of order. It is not a book ...
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This book is a critical exploration of the ways in which the war power and the police power are intertwined in the form of state violence and exercised in the fabrication of order. It is not a book about an institution called ‘the military’ and how it connects to an institution called ‘the police’ but is, rather, an attempt to think critically about how powers of war and powers of police coincide for the purposes of social ordering. In tracing this argument the book generates a provocative set of claims about state power and capital accumulation, the role of violence in the making of liberal order, the police wars at the heart of this violence, and the ways in which these processes come to be called ‘peace and security’. In the process, the book explores the liberal ‘war on waste’, debates about effeminacy, the proliferation of resilience and trauma-talk, civilization as a process of violence, drones as the culmination of colonial bombing campaigns, and no-fly zones as the perfect accompaniment for drones.Less
This book is a critical exploration of the ways in which the war power and the police power are intertwined in the form of state violence and exercised in the fabrication of order. It is not a book about an institution called ‘the military’ and how it connects to an institution called ‘the police’ but is, rather, an attempt to think critically about how powers of war and powers of police coincide for the purposes of social ordering. In tracing this argument the book generates a provocative set of claims about state power and capital accumulation, the role of violence in the making of liberal order, the police wars at the heart of this violence, and the ways in which these processes come to be called ‘peace and security’. In the process, the book explores the liberal ‘war on waste’, debates about effeminacy, the proliferation of resilience and trauma-talk, civilization as a process of violence, drones as the culmination of colonial bombing campaigns, and no-fly zones as the perfect accompaniment for drones.
Jane Gray, Ruth Geraghty, and David Ralph
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719091513
- eISBN:
- 9781526109972
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719091513.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
Family Rhythms is a comprehensive, user-friendly text that opens a new window on family change in Ireland. The authors draw on major new qualitative longitudinal datasets to develop a rich account of ...
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Family Rhythms is a comprehensive, user-friendly text that opens a new window on family change in Ireland. The authors draw on major new qualitative longitudinal datasets to develop a rich account of continuity and change in the textures, meanings and rhythms of family life in Ireland since the early years of the state. Consistent with the recent turn to more inductive approaches in family studies, the book focuses on changing everyday practices in different family life stages: childhood, early adulthood, the middle years and grandparenthood. Readers acquire insights on the diverse experiences of family life from different historical and generational points of view and on the associated challenges for social policy. Throughout, qualitative findings are placed in the context of societal shifts in demography, value systems, household economies, and patterns of kinship, community and public life. For each life stage, the Irish experience is also placed in a comparative European context. The book includes a state-of-the-art introduction to contemporary sociological perspectives on family life and introduces readers to the wealth of historical and contemporary research on family life in Ireland. Highlighted panels invite readers to look in more detail at selected landmark Irish studies and to explore extracts from the qualitative data for themselves.Less
Family Rhythms is a comprehensive, user-friendly text that opens a new window on family change in Ireland. The authors draw on major new qualitative longitudinal datasets to develop a rich account of continuity and change in the textures, meanings and rhythms of family life in Ireland since the early years of the state. Consistent with the recent turn to more inductive approaches in family studies, the book focuses on changing everyday practices in different family life stages: childhood, early adulthood, the middle years and grandparenthood. Readers acquire insights on the diverse experiences of family life from different historical and generational points of view and on the associated challenges for social policy. Throughout, qualitative findings are placed in the context of societal shifts in demography, value systems, household economies, and patterns of kinship, community and public life. For each life stage, the Irish experience is also placed in a comparative European context. The book includes a state-of-the-art introduction to contemporary sociological perspectives on family life and introduces readers to the wealth of historical and contemporary research on family life in Ireland. Highlighted panels invite readers to look in more detail at selected landmark Irish studies and to explore extracts from the qualitative data for themselves.
Yossi Sheffi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029797
- eISBN:
- 9780262330626
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029797.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
This book focuses on deep-tier risks, corporate social responsibility risks, cybersecurity risks, global raw material risks, long-term disruptions, business continuity planning, risk and disruption ...
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This book focuses on deep-tier risks, corporate social responsibility risks, cybersecurity risks, global raw material risks, long-term disruptions, business continuity planning, risk and disruption detection, and the potential for systemic disruptions. The interconnectedness of the global economy today means that unexpected events in one corner of the globe can ripple through the world’s supply chain and affect customers everywhere. For example, an earthquake and tsunami in Japan brought manufacturing around the globe to a standstill. State-of-the-art passenger jets are grounded because of a malfunctioning part. A strike halts shipments through a major port. A new digital device decimates the sales of other brands and sends established firms to the brink of bankruptcy. This book shows why modern vulnerabilities call for innovative processes and tools for creating and embedding corporate resilience and risk management. Through case studies, the book illustrates how companies have prepared for, coped with, and come out stronger following disruption—from the actions of Intel after the 2011 Japanese tsunami to the disruption in the “money supply chain” caused by the 2008 financial crisis. Supply chain risk management, the book reveals, is a balancing act between taking on the risks involved in new products, new markets, and new processes—all crucial for growth—and the resilience created by advanced risk management.Less
This book focuses on deep-tier risks, corporate social responsibility risks, cybersecurity risks, global raw material risks, long-term disruptions, business continuity planning, risk and disruption detection, and the potential for systemic disruptions. The interconnectedness of the global economy today means that unexpected events in one corner of the globe can ripple through the world’s supply chain and affect customers everywhere. For example, an earthquake and tsunami in Japan brought manufacturing around the globe to a standstill. State-of-the-art passenger jets are grounded because of a malfunctioning part. A strike halts shipments through a major port. A new digital device decimates the sales of other brands and sends established firms to the brink of bankruptcy. This book shows why modern vulnerabilities call for innovative processes and tools for creating and embedding corporate resilience and risk management. Through case studies, the book illustrates how companies have prepared for, coped with, and come out stronger following disruption—from the actions of Intel after the 2011 Japanese tsunami to the disruption in the “money supply chain” caused by the 2008 financial crisis. Supply chain risk management, the book reveals, is a balancing act between taking on the risks involved in new products, new markets, and new processes—all crucial for growth—and the resilience created by advanced risk management.
Katherine Irwin and Karen Umemoto
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520283022
- eISBN:
- 9780520958883
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520283022.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in ...
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Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in Hawai‘i who face racism, sexism, poverty, and political neglect in the context of two hundred years of American colonial control in the Pacific. The authors highlight how legacies injustice endure as challenges in the present, prompting teens to fight for dignity and the chance to thrive in America – a nation that the youth described as inherently “jacked up” and “unjust.” While the story begins with the youth battling multiple contingencies, it ends on a hopeful note, as we see many of the teens overcome numerous hardships, often with the help of steadfast, caring adults.Less
Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in Hawai‘i who face racism, sexism, poverty, and political neglect in the context of two hundred years of American colonial control in the Pacific. The authors highlight how legacies injustice endure as challenges in the present, prompting teens to fight for dignity and the chance to thrive in America – a nation that the youth described as inherently “jacked up” and “unjust.” While the story begins with the youth battling multiple contingencies, it ends on a hopeful note, as we see many of the teens overcome numerous hardships, often with the help of steadfast, caring adults.
David Bolton
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780719090998
- eISBN:
- 9781526128546
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090998.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The book concludes with the Postscript - a more personal reflection by the author on the impact of loss and trauma on individuals and the community affected by war, conflict and disaster. Beyond ...
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The book concludes with the Postscript - a more personal reflection by the author on the impact of loss and trauma on individuals and the community affected by war, conflict and disaster. Beyond research and research findings, the author draws attention to the importance of empathy, to relationships, to the need for healing, to taking responsibility, to letting go, to social justice and fairness, to the need to invest in future generations after conflicts end, to the importance of hope, and the place of growth and resilience. He concludes with a plea for the human impact of war and conflict to be a key and early consideration, when peace is being made after conflicts end.Less
The book concludes with the Postscript - a more personal reflection by the author on the impact of loss and trauma on individuals and the community affected by war, conflict and disaster. Beyond research and research findings, the author draws attention to the importance of empathy, to relationships, to the need for healing, to taking responsibility, to letting go, to social justice and fairness, to the need to invest in future generations after conflicts end, to the importance of hope, and the place of growth and resilience. He concludes with a plea for the human impact of war and conflict to be a key and early consideration, when peace is being made after conflicts end.
Carol Acton and Jane Potter
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719090363
- eISBN:
- 9781781708965
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090363.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Working in a World of Hurt uncovers and analyses the range of responses to psychological trauma by male and female medical personnel in wartime in the 20th and early 21st centuries. Until now, ...
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Working in a World of Hurt uncovers and analyses the range of responses to psychological trauma by male and female medical personnel in wartime in the 20th and early 21st centuries. Until now, academic and popular studies have focused on the trauma experienced by soldiers and civilians, saying very little about the mental strain endured by their healers. Acton & Potter seek to understand the subjective experiences of British, American and Canadian doctors, nurses, and other medical workers by studying personal accounts contained in letters, diaries and memoirs, both published and unpublished, and in weblogs. Offering an interdisciplinary understanding across a large chronological sweep of both the medical experience and the literary history of war, Working a World of Hurt demonstrates that while these narratives are testaments to the suffering of combatants, they also bear witness to the trauma of the healers themselves whose responses range from psychological and physical breakdown to stoical resilience and pride in their efforts to assuage the wounds of war.Less
Working in a World of Hurt uncovers and analyses the range of responses to psychological trauma by male and female medical personnel in wartime in the 20th and early 21st centuries. Until now, academic and popular studies have focused on the trauma experienced by soldiers and civilians, saying very little about the mental strain endured by their healers. Acton & Potter seek to understand the subjective experiences of British, American and Canadian doctors, nurses, and other medical workers by studying personal accounts contained in letters, diaries and memoirs, both published and unpublished, and in weblogs. Offering an interdisciplinary understanding across a large chronological sweep of both the medical experience and the literary history of war, Working a World of Hurt demonstrates that while these narratives are testaments to the suffering of combatants, they also bear witness to the trauma of the healers themselves whose responses range from psychological and physical breakdown to stoical resilience and pride in their efforts to assuage the wounds of war.
Yossi Sheffi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029797
- eISBN:
- 9780262330626
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029797.003.0013
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
One of the major themes of the book, explored in Chapter 13, is the growing dependency of companies on deep-tier suppliers as well as on concentrations of supply sources that create fragile ...
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One of the major themes of the book, explored in Chapter 13, is the growing dependency of companies on deep-tier suppliers as well as on concentrations of supply sources that create fragile chokepoints in the global economy. Although the world has yet to see a true systemic collapse of any supply chain for a major product category, these chokepoints and other trends signal potential near-misses that presage a more serious event. Supply chain risk management is in a race between the fragility of complex global supply chains and the resilience created by better risk management.Less
One of the major themes of the book, explored in Chapter 13, is the growing dependency of companies on deep-tier suppliers as well as on concentrations of supply sources that create fragile chokepoints in the global economy. Although the world has yet to see a true systemic collapse of any supply chain for a major product category, these chokepoints and other trends signal potential near-misses that presage a more serious event. Supply chain risk management is in a race between the fragility of complex global supply chains and the resilience created by better risk management.
Yossi Sheffi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029797
- eISBN:
- 9780262330626
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029797.003.0014
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
This chapter takes a step back from specific risk management and response tactics to the problem bedeviling every risk, resilience, and business continuity manager. How can one justify investments in ...
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This chapter takes a step back from specific risk management and response tactics to the problem bedeviling every risk, resilience, and business continuity manager. How can one justify investments in these initiatives when they seem like a waste of resources when nothing happens? The chapter argues that unlike insurance, which pays off only in a crisis, resilience drives everyday improvements in costs, operations, revenues, reputation, and agility. A company’s ability to confidently manage its risks implies that it can take strategic risks to create growth. That, in turn, implies that a resilient company can avoid the most insidious risk of all: the risk of stagnation and irrelevance in the dynamic global economy of the future.Less
This chapter takes a step back from specific risk management and response tactics to the problem bedeviling every risk, resilience, and business continuity manager. How can one justify investments in these initiatives when they seem like a waste of resources when nothing happens? The chapter argues that unlike insurance, which pays off only in a crisis, resilience drives everyday improvements in costs, operations, revenues, reputation, and agility. A company’s ability to confidently manage its risks implies that it can take strategic risks to create growth. That, in turn, implies that a resilient company can avoid the most insidious risk of all: the risk of stagnation and irrelevance in the dynamic global economy of the future.
Laurel Borisenko
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447337683
- eISBN:
- 9781447337737
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447337683.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Research and Statistics
This vignette begins with a scene from a reader’s theatre play, written by the author about her research experience. The author’s creative reflection through her own storytelling provides a poignant ...
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This vignette begins with a scene from a reader’s theatre play, written by the author about her research experience. The author’s creative reflection through her own storytelling provides a poignant description of the tensions and complex questions that arise from conducting research that can put both researcher and respondents in a place of insecurity and even violence. The play and following reflection poses questions about vicarious traumatization, resilience, whose voices are heard or suppressed, and what level of insecurity is acceptable to community participants and to researchers.Less
This vignette begins with a scene from a reader’s theatre play, written by the author about her research experience. The author’s creative reflection through her own storytelling provides a poignant description of the tensions and complex questions that arise from conducting research that can put both researcher and respondents in a place of insecurity and even violence. The play and following reflection poses questions about vicarious traumatization, resilience, whose voices are heard or suppressed, and what level of insecurity is acceptable to community participants and to researchers.
Josef W. Konvitz
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781784992903
- eISBN:
- 9781526103970
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784992903.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
The ultimate test of how well prepared a society is to cope with and recover from a crisis is another crisis.The lessons of the economic crisis of 2008 show how long it takes to bring about reforms, ...
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The ultimate test of how well prepared a society is to cope with and recover from a crisis is another crisis.The lessons of the economic crisis of 2008 show how long it takes to bring about reforms, and how difficult international co-operation to achieve greater coherence can be. Looking to the future, disasters – global and local – are likely to exceed past trends, challenging the capacity of individual countries to absorb their impact. Cross-border, cross-sectoral, place-based strategies will be difficult for governments to introduce and implement, as illustrated by examples from the past two decades, and by the risks associated with flooding. Earlier in the 20th century, modern networked infrastructure utilities were seen as a point of vulnerability, but bombing in war did not bring about an expected collapse of urban societies and economies. Instead, this experience highlighted the factors of resilience. Strengthening resilience makes sense but it is not a cost-free strategy. The greatest risk to resilience comes from the fragmentation of society and a loss of social capital.Less
The ultimate test of how well prepared a society is to cope with and recover from a crisis is another crisis.The lessons of the economic crisis of 2008 show how long it takes to bring about reforms, and how difficult international co-operation to achieve greater coherence can be. Looking to the future, disasters – global and local – are likely to exceed past trends, challenging the capacity of individual countries to absorb their impact. Cross-border, cross-sectoral, place-based strategies will be difficult for governments to introduce and implement, as illustrated by examples from the past two decades, and by the risks associated with flooding. Earlier in the 20th century, modern networked infrastructure utilities were seen as a point of vulnerability, but bombing in war did not bring about an expected collapse of urban societies and economies. Instead, this experience highlighted the factors of resilience. Strengthening resilience makes sense but it is not a cost-free strategy. The greatest risk to resilience comes from the fragmentation of society and a loss of social capital.
Larissa A. Naylor, Ellie Murtagh, and Hugh Kippen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447349778
- eISBN:
- 9781447349792
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447349778.003.0014
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter examines how Glasgow City Council (hereafter, GCC) has chosen to meet its environmental challenges and how these efforts are increasingly linked to other aspects of city governance (from ...
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This chapter examines how Glasgow City Council (hereafter, GCC) has chosen to meet its environmental challenges and how these efforts are increasingly linked to other aspects of city governance (from the resilience agenda to regional partnerships). With a focus on natural habitats, green space and climate change related risks this chapter outlines and critiques the city’s environmental achievements since 2010 and its current environment-related policies, projects and partnerships. It explores the development and progression of local sustainability and greening agendas such as how they evolved during the city-wide Sustainability Strategy (PMG, 2019) and through Glasgow’s participation in the Rockefeller Foundation’s 100 Resilient Cities programme (100RC). Glasgow’s initiatives are contextualised within wider regional initiatives (e.g. Clyde region) and devolved national (e.g. Scottish Government) policy. We critically evaluate the range of multi-level governance actors that are helping shape environmental sustainability and resilience initiatives within Glasgow and conclude by reflecting on where Glasgow’s sustainability efforts are bearing fruit and what may help the city achieve its sustainability and resilience goals more fully.Less
This chapter examines how Glasgow City Council (hereafter, GCC) has chosen to meet its environmental challenges and how these efforts are increasingly linked to other aspects of city governance (from the resilience agenda to regional partnerships). With a focus on natural habitats, green space and climate change related risks this chapter outlines and critiques the city’s environmental achievements since 2010 and its current environment-related policies, projects and partnerships. It explores the development and progression of local sustainability and greening agendas such as how they evolved during the city-wide Sustainability Strategy (PMG, 2019) and through Glasgow’s participation in the Rockefeller Foundation’s 100 Resilient Cities programme (100RC). Glasgow’s initiatives are contextualised within wider regional initiatives (e.g. Clyde region) and devolved national (e.g. Scottish Government) policy. We critically evaluate the range of multi-level governance actors that are helping shape environmental sustainability and resilience initiatives within Glasgow and conclude by reflecting on where Glasgow’s sustainability efforts are bearing fruit and what may help the city achieve its sustainability and resilience goals more fully.
Stephen Katz
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447340850
- eISBN:
- 9781447340904
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447340850.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
This chapter explores the critical intersections between ageing, human development, and the life course as precarious forms of life. The first part reviews the literature on global precarity and the ...
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This chapter explores the critical intersections between ageing, human development, and the life course as precarious forms of life. The first part reviews the literature on global precarity and the endangerment of liveability in relation to ageing populations, with a focus on neoliberal strategies that naturalise and individualise risky life-course trajectories and health crises. The second part examines selected figures of the obese child, unstable adolescent, despairing mid-lifer, and cognitively impaired older adult as examples of crisis-laden personifications of social problems. Data are drawn from historical texts, popular images and professional knowledges. Conclusions revisit the work of Butler and Foucault to raise questions about current models of resilience and the possibilities of resistance and living differently.Less
This chapter explores the critical intersections between ageing, human development, and the life course as precarious forms of life. The first part reviews the literature on global precarity and the endangerment of liveability in relation to ageing populations, with a focus on neoliberal strategies that naturalise and individualise risky life-course trajectories and health crises. The second part examines selected figures of the obese child, unstable adolescent, despairing mid-lifer, and cognitively impaired older adult as examples of crisis-laden personifications of social problems. Data are drawn from historical texts, popular images and professional knowledges. Conclusions revisit the work of Butler and Foucault to raise questions about current models of resilience and the possibilities of resistance and living differently.
Perry N. Halkitis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199944972
- eISBN:
- 9780199352470
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199944972.003.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter provides a historical and epidemiological background of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as it has manifested itself over the last three decades and continues to disproportionately affect gay men ...
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This chapter provides a historical and epidemiological background of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as it has manifested itself over the last three decades and continues to disproportionately affect gay men in the United States. As such, there is a stark disparity in the experience of HIV/AIDS among gay men in the US. The AIDS Generation is defined as those gay men who came of age at the onset of the epidemic, prior to any effective treatments. The reader is introduced to the main thesis of the book, strategies for survival as a form of resilience, which is demonstrated through the words and the life experiences of fifteen gay men who have been living with HIV/AIDS since young adulthood. It is proposed that the resilience of these men informs effective means for managing HIV/AIDS in all individuals and may be applicable to those living with other chronic conditions. An overview of the research program that informs the volume is also provided.Less
This chapter provides a historical and epidemiological background of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as it has manifested itself over the last three decades and continues to disproportionately affect gay men in the United States. As such, there is a stark disparity in the experience of HIV/AIDS among gay men in the US. The AIDS Generation is defined as those gay men who came of age at the onset of the epidemic, prior to any effective treatments. The reader is introduced to the main thesis of the book, strategies for survival as a form of resilience, which is demonstrated through the words and the life experiences of fifteen gay men who have been living with HIV/AIDS since young adulthood. It is proposed that the resilience of these men informs effective means for managing HIV/AIDS in all individuals and may be applicable to those living with other chronic conditions. An overview of the research program that informs the volume is also provided.
Ann Hagell, Seija Sandberg, and Robert Macdonald
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301042
- eISBN:
- 9781447307242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301042.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and ...
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This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and depression as evidence that stress has risen, but this confuses mental health and stress and creates a tautology. This chapter unpicks some of the conceptual and research challenges in this area, and concludes that stress is a particularly salient construct in adolescence that is clearly related to mental health outcomes. However, despite widespread assumptions, there are no good, repeated surveys of adolescent stressors in the UK over the last three decades, and much of the material on stress simply buys into the zeitgeist rather than challenging it. Implications for further research are provided.Less
This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and depression as evidence that stress has risen, but this confuses mental health and stress and creates a tautology. This chapter unpicks some of the conceptual and research challenges in this area, and concludes that stress is a particularly salient construct in adolescence that is clearly related to mental health outcomes. However, despite widespread assumptions, there are no good, repeated surveys of adolescent stressors in the UK over the last three decades, and much of the material on stress simply buys into the zeitgeist rather than challenging it. Implications for further research are provided.
David Dawson and Greg Marsden
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447329558
- eISBN:
- 9781447329602
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447329558.003.0013
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
This chapter reviews the implications of growing travel demand and the increased risk of climatic events damaging infrastructure on transport policy. Whilst the policy narrative remains one of ...
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This chapter reviews the implications of growing travel demand and the increased risk of climatic events damaging infrastructure on transport policy. Whilst the policy narrative remains one of tackling congestion and removing pinch points, growing travel demand will outstrip investments, placing greater day-to-day pressure on networks and increasing susceptibility to breakdowns and minor demand variations. Less frequent and higher impact climate related events will become more commonplace but will struggle to command resources for anticipatory action relative to the day-to-day pressures, particularly in areas with lower congestion and fewer alternatives. By necessity travellers and businesses will develop their own adaptive strategies to both reduce exposure and create alternatives to disruptive events. Policies which promote greater localism, multi-modalism, flexibility in activity locations (both physically and virtually) should become more highly valued as antidotes to both the regular and irregular patterns of disruption we should anticipate.Less
This chapter reviews the implications of growing travel demand and the increased risk of climatic events damaging infrastructure on transport policy. Whilst the policy narrative remains one of tackling congestion and removing pinch points, growing travel demand will outstrip investments, placing greater day-to-day pressure on networks and increasing susceptibility to breakdowns and minor demand variations. Less frequent and higher impact climate related events will become more commonplace but will struggle to command resources for anticipatory action relative to the day-to-day pressures, particularly in areas with lower congestion and fewer alternatives. By necessity travellers and businesses will develop their own adaptive strategies to both reduce exposure and create alternatives to disruptive events. Policies which promote greater localism, multi-modalism, flexibility in activity locations (both physically and virtually) should become more highly valued as antidotes to both the regular and irregular patterns of disruption we should anticipate.
Carl Death
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300215830
- eISBN:
- 9780300224894
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300215830.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African History
This chapter examines the rise of discourses of the ‘green economy’ in Africa, and the construction of new markets in environmental goods and services. It begins by explaining how markets and ...
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This chapter examines the rise of discourses of the ‘green economy’ in Africa, and the construction of new markets in environmental goods and services. It begins by explaining how markets and economies are always political creations and are intimately connected to the production of state effects, drawing on theorists like Timothy Mitchell and Bob Jessop. The evolution of global green economy discourses is then charted, showing how the climate and financial crises in the 2000s gave new impetus to older discourses. The concept of a green economy has gained considerable traction across Africa, with prominent national strategies in Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Africa and elsewhere. This chapter identifies four main discourses of the green economy: green resilience, green growth, green transformation, and green revolution. Whilst green growth is currently dominant, each discourse can be identified somewhere in Africa, particularly in governmental interventions to reshape land use practices, invest in renewable energy, and expand big infrastructure projects related to natural resources like mining and hydropower. In many cases, green economy discourses are being employed to legitimate extractive and unjust forms of development which create consider popular resistance.Less
This chapter examines the rise of discourses of the ‘green economy’ in Africa, and the construction of new markets in environmental goods and services. It begins by explaining how markets and economies are always political creations and are intimately connected to the production of state effects, drawing on theorists like Timothy Mitchell and Bob Jessop. The evolution of global green economy discourses is then charted, showing how the climate and financial crises in the 2000s gave new impetus to older discourses. The concept of a green economy has gained considerable traction across Africa, with prominent national strategies in Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Africa and elsewhere. This chapter identifies four main discourses of the green economy: green resilience, green growth, green transformation, and green revolution. Whilst green growth is currently dominant, each discourse can be identified somewhere in Africa, particularly in governmental interventions to reshape land use practices, invest in renewable energy, and expand big infrastructure projects related to natural resources like mining and hydropower. In many cases, green economy discourses are being employed to legitimate extractive and unjust forms of development which create consider popular resistance.
Marianne E. Krasny and Keith G. Tidball
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262028653
- eISBN:
- 9780262327169
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262028653.003.0001
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
Marvin Gaye Park in Washington DC wasn’t always a nice pathway along Watts Branch Creek. Not long ago, it was a “broken place” – strewn with litter and frequented by drug addicts. Still today, trash ...
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Marvin Gaye Park in Washington DC wasn’t always a nice pathway along Watts Branch Creek. Not long ago, it was a “broken place” – strewn with litter and frequented by drug addicts. Still today, trash abounds in the creek, and young people from nearby neighborhoods wade into the water to extract the trash from a weir called a Bandalong trap. The transformation of the Watts Branch to a park and the ongoing stewardship of the creek, illustrate the ten principles of civic ecology The ten principles of civic ecology address four questions. Why do people turn to community environmental stewardship in cities, after disasters, and in other harsh environments? • What are the parts—the communities, the memories, the places, the people, and the ecosystem, health, and learning outcomes—that pieced together become civic ecology practices? • How do civic ecology practices interact with the systems surrounding them, including governance and larger-scale social-ecological systems? • How might policymakers benefit from and support civic ecology practices?Less
Marvin Gaye Park in Washington DC wasn’t always a nice pathway along Watts Branch Creek. Not long ago, it was a “broken place” – strewn with litter and frequented by drug addicts. Still today, trash abounds in the creek, and young people from nearby neighborhoods wade into the water to extract the trash from a weir called a Bandalong trap. The transformation of the Watts Branch to a park and the ongoing stewardship of the creek, illustrate the ten principles of civic ecology The ten principles of civic ecology address four questions. Why do people turn to community environmental stewardship in cities, after disasters, and in other harsh environments? • What are the parts—the communities, the memories, the places, the people, and the ecosystem, health, and learning outcomes—that pieced together become civic ecology practices? • How do civic ecology practices interact with the systems surrounding them, including governance and larger-scale social-ecological systems? • How might policymakers benefit from and support civic ecology practices?
Ajay Chhibber and Rachid Laajaj
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199841936
- eISBN:
- 9780199950157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841936.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter provides an analysis of the interaction between natural disasters and human development. It provides a decomposition of the channels through which “human made disasters with a natural ...
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This chapter provides an analysis of the interaction between natural disasters and human development. It provides a decomposition of the channels through which “human made disasters with a natural trigger” affect long term growth. It categorizes countries by level of exposure and investigates the approaches which can prevent a vicious cycle between natural disasters and low development. Among highly exposed countries, sustainable development needs to go hand in hand with an increase in resilience through both preparedness and mitigation. The chapter highlights the potential of an adaptive capacity at the institutional level, economic diversification, flexibility in aid disbursement, the use of index micro-insurances, and sustainable agriculture.Less
This chapter provides an analysis of the interaction between natural disasters and human development. It provides a decomposition of the channels through which “human made disasters with a natural trigger” affect long term growth. It categorizes countries by level of exposure and investigates the approaches which can prevent a vicious cycle between natural disasters and low development. Among highly exposed countries, sustainable development needs to go hand in hand with an increase in resilience through both preparedness and mitigation. The chapter highlights the potential of an adaptive capacity at the institutional level, economic diversification, flexibility in aid disbursement, the use of index micro-insurances, and sustainable agriculture.
Bryan G. Norton
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780195093971
- eISBN:
- 9780197560723
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780195093971.003.0008
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmentalist Thought and Ideology
Aldo Leopold led two lives. He was, in the best tradition of Gifford Pinchot, a forester and a coldly analytic scientific resource manager, devoted to ...
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Aldo Leopold led two lives. He was, in the best tradition of Gifford Pinchot, a forester and a coldly analytic scientific resource manager, devoted to maximizing resource productivity. But Leopold was also a romantic, who joined the Forest Service because of his love for the outdoors, a love he never lost or fully subjugated to the economic “ciphers” that so constrain public conservation work. During the last decade of his life, Leopold the romantic fashioned a little book of essays. He chose from the best of his stacks of field journals and his voluminous publications a few short essays, supplemented these with new pieces, polished them, and strung and restrung them like pearls. The manuscript, representing the essence of his long career, was given final acceptance by Oxford University Press only seven days before Leopold’s death, and the essays were published as A Sand County Almanac. The final essay in that book is “The Land Ethic,” which, Leopold said, “sets forth, in more logical terms, some ideas whereby we dissenters rationalize our dissent.” Although he was not primarily an abstract thinker, Leopold, I will assert, has been the most important figure in the history of both environmental management and environmental ethics. This evaluation is based on one reason: Having faced the environmentalists’ dilemma and, having to formulate goals and actions, he articulated a workable, practical philosophy that transcends the dilemma. The story of how he did so is a sketch of his life. Leopold was a forester in the Southwest for fifteen years. He saw the range deteriorate. He saw the main street of Carson City erode into a deep chasm, and he knew, by the early 1920s, that his agency and its Pinchotist philosophy was significantly responsible. But he was as befuddled as anyone else, and grasped at philosophical straws, or any other straws, to articulate in general terms what was going wrong. Leopold had entered the Forest Service at the height of the Hetch Hetchy controversy. He recognized, of course, that there were critics of the service, and he surely had some respect for Muir’s viewpoint.
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Aldo Leopold led two lives. He was, in the best tradition of Gifford Pinchot, a forester and a coldly analytic scientific resource manager, devoted to maximizing resource productivity. But Leopold was also a romantic, who joined the Forest Service because of his love for the outdoors, a love he never lost or fully subjugated to the economic “ciphers” that so constrain public conservation work. During the last decade of his life, Leopold the romantic fashioned a little book of essays. He chose from the best of his stacks of field journals and his voluminous publications a few short essays, supplemented these with new pieces, polished them, and strung and restrung them like pearls. The manuscript, representing the essence of his long career, was given final acceptance by Oxford University Press only seven days before Leopold’s death, and the essays were published as A Sand County Almanac. The final essay in that book is “The Land Ethic,” which, Leopold said, “sets forth, in more logical terms, some ideas whereby we dissenters rationalize our dissent.” Although he was not primarily an abstract thinker, Leopold, I will assert, has been the most important figure in the history of both environmental management and environmental ethics. This evaluation is based on one reason: Having faced the environmentalists’ dilemma and, having to formulate goals and actions, he articulated a workable, practical philosophy that transcends the dilemma. The story of how he did so is a sketch of his life. Leopold was a forester in the Southwest for fifteen years. He saw the range deteriorate. He saw the main street of Carson City erode into a deep chasm, and he knew, by the early 1920s, that his agency and its Pinchotist philosophy was significantly responsible. But he was as befuddled as anyone else, and grasped at philosophical straws, or any other straws, to articulate in general terms what was going wrong. Leopold had entered the Forest Service at the height of the Hetch Hetchy controversy. He recognized, of course, that there were critics of the service, and he surely had some respect for Muir’s viewpoint.
Richard Caplan
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198810360
- eISBN:
- 9780191847356
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198810360.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
How can we know if the peace that has been established following a civil war is a stable peace? More than half of all countries that experienced civil war since World War II have suffered a relapse ...
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How can we know if the peace that has been established following a civil war is a stable peace? More than half of all countries that experienced civil war since World War II have suffered a relapse into violent conflict—in some cases more than once. Meanwhile the international community expends billions of dollars and deploys tens of thousands of personnel each year in support of efforts to build peace in countries emerging from violent conflict. This book argues that efforts to build peace are hampered by the lack of effective means of assessing progress towards the achievement of a consolidated peace. Rarely, if ever, do peacebuilding organizations and governments seek to ascertain the quality of the peace that they are helping to build and the contribution that their engagement is making (or not) to the consolidation of peace. More rigorous assessments of the robustness of peace are needed. These assessments require clarity about the characteristics of, and the requirements for, a stable peace. This in turn requires knowledge of the local culture, local history, and the specific conflict dynamics at work in a given conflict situation. Better assessment can inform peacebuilding actors in the reconfiguration and reprioritization of their operations in cases where conditions on the ground have deteriorated or improved. To build a stable peace, it is argued here, it is important to take the measure of peace.Less
How can we know if the peace that has been established following a civil war is a stable peace? More than half of all countries that experienced civil war since World War II have suffered a relapse into violent conflict—in some cases more than once. Meanwhile the international community expends billions of dollars and deploys tens of thousands of personnel each year in support of efforts to build peace in countries emerging from violent conflict. This book argues that efforts to build peace are hampered by the lack of effective means of assessing progress towards the achievement of a consolidated peace. Rarely, if ever, do peacebuilding organizations and governments seek to ascertain the quality of the peace that they are helping to build and the contribution that their engagement is making (or not) to the consolidation of peace. More rigorous assessments of the robustness of peace are needed. These assessments require clarity about the characteristics of, and the requirements for, a stable peace. This in turn requires knowledge of the local culture, local history, and the specific conflict dynamics at work in a given conflict situation. Better assessment can inform peacebuilding actors in the reconfiguration and reprioritization of their operations in cases where conditions on the ground have deteriorated or improved. To build a stable peace, it is argued here, it is important to take the measure of peace.
