Christine Scodari
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496817785
- eISBN:
- 9781496817822
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496817785.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
For over two decades, the media have chronicled escalating participation in family history prompted by, among other things, the aging of Baby Boomers and Generation Xers, the growing availability of ...
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For over two decades, the media have chronicled escalating participation in family history prompted by, among other things, the aging of Baby Boomers and Generation Xers, the growing availability of digital genealogy sites and archives, and a burgeoning interest in racial and ethnic history and culture of the sort inspired by the airing of the historical drama miniseries Roots forty years ago.
Alternate Roots is the first book to critically address a wide array of media-related institutions, texts, technologies, and practices of family history readily encountered in the new millennium, including genealogy-themed television series, books, documentaries, websites, family photos and civil records, social media interactions, genealogical institutions, “roots” tourism, and genetic ancestry testing services capitalizing on the 2003 mapping of the human genome. These objects of inquiry present unique and pressing issues for critical investigation in terms of economic and privacy concerns as well as ethnicity, race, and hybrid identities.
Judiciously interweaving her own genealogical journey involving ethnic, racial, classed, and gendered identities pertinent to her southern Italian and Italian American family history throughout the multifaceted examination of critical objects, Christine Scodari unearths pivot points of thought and action in the performance and representation of family history that can be adapted by others and facilitated by digital media. This alternate roots strategy, an expansive approach to family history, enables practitioners to venture beyond genetic definitions of kinship, their own ancestral history, and the struggles of those sharing their affiliations, and to interrogate genealogical media and related commodities and activities accordingly.Less
For over two decades, the media have chronicled escalating participation in family history prompted by, among other things, the aging of Baby Boomers and Generation Xers, the growing availability of digital genealogy sites and archives, and a burgeoning interest in racial and ethnic history and culture of the sort inspired by the airing of the historical drama miniseries Roots forty years ago.
Alternate Roots is the first book to critically address a wide array of media-related institutions, texts, technologies, and practices of family history readily encountered in the new millennium, including genealogy-themed television series, books, documentaries, websites, family photos and civil records, social media interactions, genealogical institutions, “roots” tourism, and genetic ancestry testing services capitalizing on the 2003 mapping of the human genome. These objects of inquiry present unique and pressing issues for critical investigation in terms of economic and privacy concerns as well as ethnicity, race, and hybrid identities.
Judiciously interweaving her own genealogical journey involving ethnic, racial, classed, and gendered identities pertinent to her southern Italian and Italian American family history throughout the multifaceted examination of critical objects, Christine Scodari unearths pivot points of thought and action in the performance and representation of family history that can be adapted by others and facilitated by digital media. This alternate roots strategy, an expansive approach to family history, enables practitioners to venture beyond genetic definitions of kinship, their own ancestral history, and the struggles of those sharing their affiliations, and to interrogate genealogical media and related commodities and activities accordingly.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
The Epilogue brings the topic up to the present.
The Epilogue brings the topic up to the present.
Christine Scodari
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496817785
- eISBN:
- 9781496817822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496817785.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The third chapter interprets discourses of post-identity, race/ethnicity, and intersections with gender and class in terms of salient issues and historical contexts such as slavery, Jim Crow, ...
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The third chapter interprets discourses of post-identity, race/ethnicity, and intersections with gender and class in terms of salient issues and historical contexts such as slavery, Jim Crow, internment, and similar circumstances represented in 21st century family history TV and its reception. Reception is analyzed via ethnographic (including virtual-ethnographic) investigation. The chapter incorporates auto-ethnographic experiences and insights with regard to the processes, tools, and outcomes of genealogical practices, considering their bearing on the investigation’s critical trajectory, as well as the implications of racial, ethnic, and intersected modalities of identity as inferred from genealogical documents.Less
The third chapter interprets discourses of post-identity, race/ethnicity, and intersections with gender and class in terms of salient issues and historical contexts such as slavery, Jim Crow, internment, and similar circumstances represented in 21st century family history TV and its reception. Reception is analyzed via ethnographic (including virtual-ethnographic) investigation. The chapter incorporates auto-ethnographic experiences and insights with regard to the processes, tools, and outcomes of genealogical practices, considering their bearing on the investigation’s critical trajectory, as well as the implications of racial, ethnic, and intersected modalities of identity as inferred from genealogical documents.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
The spirometer is used routinely to diagnose respiratory disease in specialist and primary care settings, although most patients probably do not recognize the name of the device. An important feature ...
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The spirometer is used routinely to diagnose respiratory disease in specialist and primary care settings, although most patients probably do not recognize the name of the device. An important feature of spirometry is that numerical values produced with the device are routinely “corrected” for race and sometimes ethnicity. The “correction” factors for race and/or ethnicity are embedded seamlessly in the software and hardware of the spirometer, such that operators are generally unaware of the details of the correction process activated when they use the machine. The basis of this practice dates to Civil War anthropometrists and plantation physicians who reported lower lung capacity in blacks as compared to whites. This book explores the production of scientific ideas about the “vital capacity” of the lungs and social ideas about racial and ethnic difference from the mid-nineteenth century to the present through the mediating mechanisms of the spirometer. For reasons that this book examines, a century and a half of research investigations have converged on the idea that people labeled black – and most other groups worldwide – differ in the capacity of their lungs from people historically labeled white/European/Caucasian. Explanations for difference varies but notions of innate/genetic difference continue to shape the biomedical literature on lung capacity. If anything, the advent of genomics has brought a reinvigoration of ideas of innate difference in current research. Race correction continues to the present day.Less
The spirometer is used routinely to diagnose respiratory disease in specialist and primary care settings, although most patients probably do not recognize the name of the device. An important feature of spirometry is that numerical values produced with the device are routinely “corrected” for race and sometimes ethnicity. The “correction” factors for race and/or ethnicity are embedded seamlessly in the software and hardware of the spirometer, such that operators are generally unaware of the details of the correction process activated when they use the machine. The basis of this practice dates to Civil War anthropometrists and plantation physicians who reported lower lung capacity in blacks as compared to whites. This book explores the production of scientific ideas about the “vital capacity” of the lungs and social ideas about racial and ethnic difference from the mid-nineteenth century to the present through the mediating mechanisms of the spirometer. For reasons that this book examines, a century and a half of research investigations have converged on the idea that people labeled black – and most other groups worldwide – differ in the capacity of their lungs from people historically labeled white/European/Caucasian. Explanations for difference varies but notions of innate/genetic difference continue to shape the biomedical literature on lung capacity. If anything, the advent of genomics has brought a reinvigoration of ideas of innate difference in current research. Race correction continues to the present day.
Paul Julian Smith
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781781383247
- eISBN:
- 9781786944054
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781383247.003.0008
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Television
Chapter 7 enlarges the focus on gender and sexual politics to embrace race and ethnicity. Beginning with a historical account of the complex representation of race in Mexican visual culture ...
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Chapter 7 enlarges the focus on gender and sexual politics to embrace race and ethnicity. Beginning with a historical account of the complex representation of race in Mexican visual culture (painting, film, and TV), it goes on treat a unique example of a series focusing on that repressed subject. Shot and set in a working class barrio of Mexico City, this series charts the troubled consequences of ethnic mixing in Mexico, presenting little seen (and heard) indigenous characters of different kinds and enlarging its focus to embrace local Jews, Basques, and working-class transvestites. Race, gender, religion, and social class are thus cut and shuffled in this invaluable drama.Less
Chapter 7 enlarges the focus on gender and sexual politics to embrace race and ethnicity. Beginning with a historical account of the complex representation of race in Mexican visual culture (painting, film, and TV), it goes on treat a unique example of a series focusing on that repressed subject. Shot and set in a working class barrio of Mexico City, this series charts the troubled consequences of ethnic mixing in Mexico, presenting little seen (and heard) indigenous characters of different kinds and enlarging its focus to embrace local Jews, Basques, and working-class transvestites. Race, gender, religion, and social class are thus cut and shuffled in this invaluable drama.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 2 explores the uptake of the spirometer in the U.S. where it was used to study racial difference in a large anthropometric study at the end of the Civil War. While Frederick Hoffman drew on ...
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Chapter 2 explores the uptake of the spirometer in the U.S. where it was used to study racial difference in a large anthropometric study at the end of the Civil War. While Frederick Hoffman drew on this study to argue that blacks were not fit for freedom, black intellectuals vociferously contested the interpretation of the data.Less
Chapter 2 explores the uptake of the spirometer in the U.S. where it was used to study racial difference in a large anthropometric study at the end of the Civil War. While Frederick Hoffman drew on this study to argue that blacks were not fit for freedom, black intellectuals vociferously contested the interpretation of the data.
Christine Scodari
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496817785
- eISBN:
- 9781496817822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496817785.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The introduction narrates the author’s experiences with and practices of family history that led to her decision to critically investigate genealogy media and culture from the perspective of race, ...
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The introduction narrates the author’s experiences with and practices of family history that led to her decision to critically investigate genealogy media and culture from the perspective of race, ethnicity, and intersected identities. It details the relevant research questions and critical objects, supplies theories and concepts appropriate to the task, outlines the methods used to examine associated institutions, media texts, and audiences/participatory cultures of genealogy, and previews upcoming chapters.Less
The introduction narrates the author’s experiences with and practices of family history that led to her decision to critically investigate genealogy media and culture from the perspective of race, ethnicity, and intersected identities. It details the relevant research questions and critical objects, supplies theories and concepts appropriate to the task, outlines the methods used to examine associated institutions, media texts, and audiences/participatory cultures of genealogy, and previews upcoming chapters.
Kelly Erby
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816691302
- eISBN:
- 9781452955353
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816691302.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Restaurant Republic examines the nascent restaurant landscape in Boston in its entirety, from the most plebian of eateries to the extremely elite and refined. Focusing on the rise of commercial ...
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Restaurant Republic examines the nascent restaurant landscape in Boston in its entirety, from the most plebian of eateries to the extremely elite and refined. Focusing on the rise of commercial dining in one specific city provides the opportunity to systematically explore the varied networks of public dining venues that catered to distinct groups of Americans. The story of why Americans embraced dining out and the wide variety of ways in which they began to do so is an important one. Restaurants were a major part of a growing trend in urban public venues dedicated to consumer leisure in the nineteenth century. Along with theatres, department stores, and hotels, restaurants provided a public stage at a time when, still fresh from their revolution, Americans were eager to enter into the public sphere and define themselves as a people. But perhaps more than these other public commercial spaces, restaurants were also sharply differentiated. Thus, the study of restaurant dining in this period provides an opportunity to cast new light on how Americans attempted to balance the revolutionary ideal of egalitarianism against a growing capitalist consumer culture that both reflected and contributed to social hierarchy.Less
Restaurant Republic examines the nascent restaurant landscape in Boston in its entirety, from the most plebian of eateries to the extremely elite and refined. Focusing on the rise of commercial dining in one specific city provides the opportunity to systematically explore the varied networks of public dining venues that catered to distinct groups of Americans. The story of why Americans embraced dining out and the wide variety of ways in which they began to do so is an important one. Restaurants were a major part of a growing trend in urban public venues dedicated to consumer leisure in the nineteenth century. Along with theatres, department stores, and hotels, restaurants provided a public stage at a time when, still fresh from their revolution, Americans were eager to enter into the public sphere and define themselves as a people. But perhaps more than these other public commercial spaces, restaurants were also sharply differentiated. Thus, the study of restaurant dining in this period provides an opportunity to cast new light on how Americans attempted to balance the revolutionary ideal of egalitarianism against a growing capitalist consumer culture that both reflected and contributed to social hierarchy.
Jeff Strickland
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813060798
- eISBN:
- 9780813050867
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813060798.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Charleston was a coastal port city on the Atlantic Ocean, and, along with its physical geography, that led to heightened social interaction between slaves, free blacks, and European immigrants. ...
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Charleston was a coastal port city on the Atlantic Ocean, and, along with its physical geography, that led to heightened social interaction between slaves, free blacks, and European immigrants. Charleston’s slave population increased between 1820 and 1861, reaching more than seventeen thousand. Slaves lived in residences throughout the city and often in separate living quarters. The free black population also experienced significant population increases during the first half of the nineteenth century. German and Irish immigration also had implications for the social relations of Charleston during the mid-to-late nineteenth century. German and Irish immigrants arrived in large numbers during the 1850s, and they encountered a thriving free black population in Charleston, slightly larger than their own, and thousands of slaves. Moreover, some Germans and Irish who had arrived in the 1830 and early 1840s had socialized to certain white southern norms, including slaveholding. Many immigrants experienced death by migration, because their immune systems did not protect them as well from specific diseases. Health conditions in Charleston endangered immigrants who lived in low-lying, unsanitary places throughout the city. Yellow fever proved particularly deadly to German and Irish immigrants, and more than one thousand died during epidemics between 1849 and 1858.Less
Charleston was a coastal port city on the Atlantic Ocean, and, along with its physical geography, that led to heightened social interaction between slaves, free blacks, and European immigrants. Charleston’s slave population increased between 1820 and 1861, reaching more than seventeen thousand. Slaves lived in residences throughout the city and often in separate living quarters. The free black population also experienced significant population increases during the first half of the nineteenth century. German and Irish immigration also had implications for the social relations of Charleston during the mid-to-late nineteenth century. German and Irish immigrants arrived in large numbers during the 1850s, and they encountered a thriving free black population in Charleston, slightly larger than their own, and thousands of slaves. Moreover, some Germans and Irish who had arrived in the 1830 and early 1840s had socialized to certain white southern norms, including slaveholding. Many immigrants experienced death by migration, because their immune systems did not protect them as well from specific diseases. Health conditions in Charleston endangered immigrants who lived in low-lying, unsanitary places throughout the city. Yellow fever proved particularly deadly to German and Irish immigrants, and more than one thousand died during epidemics between 1849 and 1858.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 5 tracks the spirometer as it moved among the U.S., Britain, and South Africa at a moment when users recognized the pressing need to distinguish between “normal” and “abnormal” lung capacity.
Chapter 5 tracks the spirometer as it moved among the U.S., Britain, and South Africa at a moment when users recognized the pressing need to distinguish between “normal” and “abnormal” lung capacity.
Julio Capó Jr.
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469635200
- eISBN:
- 9781469635217
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635200.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
While urban boosters crafted Miami’s fairyland for a white and moneyed clientele, the city’s working-class, transient gender and sexual renegades similarly asserted their own spaces in the developing ...
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While urban boosters crafted Miami’s fairyland for a white and moneyed clientele, the city’s working-class, transient gender and sexual renegades similarly asserted their own spaces in the developing landscape. This chapter uncovers how queers, primarily those listed in the historical record as men, traversed Miami’s public and semipublic spaces. It focuses on the ways mostly working-class, transient men transgressed gender and sexual norms in Miami. In addition to noting how the city’s queer archetypes challenged the very categories that differentiated “women” from “men,” this chapter also notes some of the institutions that surveilled, regulated, and criminalized the bodies of women whose sexual appetites were read as “unnatural.” In tracing arrest, medical, and commitment records, along with other contemporary sources—such as newspapers, state and local laws, and judicial testimonies and hearings—this chapter reconstructs the urban presence of gender and sexual transgression outside the theatrical stage. It demonstrates how state and local laws criminalized gender transgression and homosexual acts, as well as the uneven prosecution of such activities based on judicial interpretations of class, race, ethnicity, age, and (dis)ability.Less
While urban boosters crafted Miami’s fairyland for a white and moneyed clientele, the city’s working-class, transient gender and sexual renegades similarly asserted their own spaces in the developing landscape. This chapter uncovers how queers, primarily those listed in the historical record as men, traversed Miami’s public and semipublic spaces. It focuses on the ways mostly working-class, transient men transgressed gender and sexual norms in Miami. In addition to noting how the city’s queer archetypes challenged the very categories that differentiated “women” from “men,” this chapter also notes some of the institutions that surveilled, regulated, and criminalized the bodies of women whose sexual appetites were read as “unnatural.” In tracing arrest, medical, and commitment records, along with other contemporary sources—such as newspapers, state and local laws, and judicial testimonies and hearings—this chapter reconstructs the urban presence of gender and sexual transgression outside the theatrical stage. It demonstrates how state and local laws criminalized gender transgression and homosexual acts, as well as the uneven prosecution of such activities based on judicial interpretations of class, race, ethnicity, age, and (dis)ability.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 6 focuses on a particular site of technological innovation in Britain after the Second World War. The Pneumoconiosis Research Unit was established to investigate disease among coal miners. ...
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Chapter 6 focuses on a particular site of technological innovation in Britain after the Second World War. The Pneumoconiosis Research Unit was established to investigate disease among coal miners. Unit staff deployed the spirometer to assess the seemingly intractable problem of disability.Less
Chapter 6 focuses on a particular site of technological innovation in Britain after the Second World War. The Pneumoconiosis Research Unit was established to investigate disease among coal miners. Unit staff deployed the spirometer to assess the seemingly intractable problem of disability.
Kelly Erby
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816691302
- eISBN:
- 9781452955353
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816691302.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
In the epilogue of Restaurant Republic, the author traces the story of commercial dining in Boston into the early twentieth century and reviews the major points of the previous chapters. The findings ...
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In the epilogue of Restaurant Republic, the author traces the story of commercial dining in Boston into the early twentieth century and reviews the major points of the previous chapters. The findings will be useful to those interested in exploring relationships between food, culture, and identity in other cities, as well as in our own time.Less
In the epilogue of Restaurant Republic, the author traces the story of commercial dining in Boston into the early twentieth century and reviews the major points of the previous chapters. The findings will be useful to those interested in exploring relationships between food, culture, and identity in other cities, as well as in our own time.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 7 centers on the use of the spirometer in South Africa to adjudicate disability claims among gold miners, but only in whites. Black miners at the time were largely excluded from monitoring ...
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Chapter 7 centers on the use of the spirometer in South Africa to adjudicate disability claims among gold miners, but only in whites. Black miners at the time were largely excluded from monitoring for disease and compensation for silicosis.Less
Chapter 7 centers on the use of the spirometer in South Africa to adjudicate disability claims among gold miners, but only in whites. Black miners at the time were largely excluded from monitoring for disease and compensation for silicosis.
Christine Scodari
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496817785
- eISBN:
- 9781496817822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496817785.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
Chapter Two gauges hegemonic and/or resistive meanings, readings, or outcomes in or related to traditional and digital institutions, tools, texts, practices, participatory cultures, and identities ...
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Chapter Two gauges hegemonic and/or resistive meanings, readings, or outcomes in or related to traditional and digital institutions, tools, texts, practices, participatory cultures, and identities associated with taking up and/or performing genealogy. It scrutinizes issues of privacy, race, ethnicity, class, gender, age, and intersected identities in such terms. The chapter highlights genealogical tourism and family reunions in light of the racial/ethnic dimensions of the author’s auto-ethnographic sojourns. It also elaborates existing theory and research on social and digital media and situates these insights in terms of day-to-day practices of genealogy.Less
Chapter Two gauges hegemonic and/or resistive meanings, readings, or outcomes in or related to traditional and digital institutions, tools, texts, practices, participatory cultures, and identities associated with taking up and/or performing genealogy. It scrutinizes issues of privacy, race, ethnicity, class, gender, age, and intersected identities in such terms. The chapter highlights genealogical tourism and family reunions in light of the racial/ethnic dimensions of the author’s auto-ethnographic sojourns. It also elaborates existing theory and research on social and digital media and situates these insights in terms of day-to-day practices of genealogy.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 3 examines the use of spirometer in physical education at U.S. college and universities and its role in monitoring and marking Anglo-Saxon manhood and womanhood.
Chapter 3 examines the use of spirometer in physical education at U.S. college and universities and its role in monitoring and marking Anglo-Saxon manhood and womanhood.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 4 examines the spirometer in physical education in mid-nineteenth century Britain and its later use by Francis Galton as part of a test for “bodily efficiency” that he considered useful in ...
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Chapter 4 examines the spirometer in physical education in mid-nineteenth century Britain and its later use by Francis Galton as part of a test for “bodily efficiency” that he considered useful in civil service examinations when there was anxiety over “race deterioration.”Less
Chapter 4 examines the spirometer in physical education in mid-nineteenth century Britain and its later use by Francis Galton as part of a test for “bodily efficiency” that he considered useful in civil service examinations when there was anxiety over “race deterioration.”
Jonathon Shears (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780719099120
- eISBN:
- 9781526128270
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099120.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Chapter 3 considers the multiple ways in which the Exhibition can be viewed as a site for exploring issues of national identity in the Victorian period. It showcases documents that speak to the ...
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Chapter 3 considers the multiple ways in which the Exhibition can be viewed as a site for exploring issues of national identity in the Victorian period. It showcases documents that speak to the anxieties that British manufacturers had about foreign competition and free trade, to public fears about racial and cultural difference, and to the patriotism that the event instilled in many quarters. The material in this chapter is taken from the British press – who were preoccupied with what became known as ‘The Foreign Question’ – but also from international sources, revealing the ways in which the Exhibition was seen from outside the United Kingdom.Less
Chapter 3 considers the multiple ways in which the Exhibition can be viewed as a site for exploring issues of national identity in the Victorian period. It showcases documents that speak to the anxieties that British manufacturers had about foreign competition and free trade, to public fears about racial and cultural difference, and to the patriotism that the event instilled in many quarters. The material in this chapter is taken from the British press – who were preoccupied with what became known as ‘The Foreign Question’ – but also from international sources, revealing the ways in which the Exhibition was seen from outside the United Kingdom.
Lundy Braun
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816683574
- eISBN:
- 9781452949185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816683574.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Chapter 1 focuses on mid-nineteenth century Britain when John Hutchinson published his studies on the spirometer and exhibited the instrument and his data to elite London societies. Hutchinson was ...
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Chapter 1 focuses on mid-nineteenth century Britain when John Hutchinson published his studies on the spirometer and exhibited the instrument and his data to elite London societies. Hutchinson was the first to name the spirometer and the entity it purported to measure and to classify spirometric data according to occupational categories.Less
Chapter 1 focuses on mid-nineteenth century Britain when John Hutchinson published his studies on the spirometer and exhibited the instrument and his data to elite London societies. Hutchinson was the first to name the spirometer and the entity it purported to measure and to classify spirometric data according to occupational categories.
Mary Barr
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226156323
- eISBN:
- 9780226156637
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226156637.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Growing up in a progressive and affluent suburb certainly has its advantages, but not everyone reaps the benefits of their privileged surroundings. This book examines the differences that race, ...
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Growing up in a progressive and affluent suburb certainly has its advantages, but not everyone reaps the benefits of their privileged surroundings. This book examines the differences that race, class, and gender can make, by focusing on the life stories of thirteen individuals, all of whom call Evanston their hometown. It also documents the rise and fall of the Civil Rights Movement in Evanston, an affluent suburb north of Chicago. Evanston’s black community dates back to the mid-nineteenth century when southerner’s migrated north to work as servants in mansions that lined Lake Michigan’s shore. Originally a respite from urban life for the elite, by the 1960s Evanston was drawing white liberals seeking racial and economic diversity. An African American community firmly established, blacks and whites worked together during the sixties to integrate public schools and adapt a strong open-housing ordinance. I uncover a deep gulf between dominant discourses about the success of civil rights policies and lived experiences of racial discrimination since the 1970s. Themes of institutional failure, entrenched inequality, and moral ambiguity run through Evanston’s history.Less
Growing up in a progressive and affluent suburb certainly has its advantages, but not everyone reaps the benefits of their privileged surroundings. This book examines the differences that race, class, and gender can make, by focusing on the life stories of thirteen individuals, all of whom call Evanston their hometown. It also documents the rise and fall of the Civil Rights Movement in Evanston, an affluent suburb north of Chicago. Evanston’s black community dates back to the mid-nineteenth century when southerner’s migrated north to work as servants in mansions that lined Lake Michigan’s shore. Originally a respite from urban life for the elite, by the 1960s Evanston was drawing white liberals seeking racial and economic diversity. An African American community firmly established, blacks and whites worked together during the sixties to integrate public schools and adapt a strong open-housing ordinance. I uncover a deep gulf between dominant discourses about the success of civil rights policies and lived experiences of racial discrimination since the 1970s. Themes of institutional failure, entrenched inequality, and moral ambiguity run through Evanston’s history.
