Arie Morgenstern
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195305784
- eISBN:
- 9780199784820
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195305787.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
Beginning in the 1820s, a symbiotic relationship prevailed between the Perushim and the Protestant missionaries active in the Land of Israel such as Joseph Wolf and the London Society for the ...
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Beginning in the 1820s, a symbiotic relationship prevailed between the Perushim and the Protestant missionaries active in the Land of Israel such as Joseph Wolf and the London Society for the Promotion of Christianity Amongst the Jews. The missionaries saw the return of the Jews to the Promised Land as essential to the messianic process; the Perushim were happy to accept economic, medical, and other forms of material aid from the missionaries, and saw gentile involvement in the rebuilding of the land as part of the messianic process as they envisioned it. At the same time, there were tensions related to the missionaries’ efforts to convert the Jews. Matters grew more complex in the 1830s when the Perushim saw the enlightened, European (read: Christian)-style reign of Muhammad Ali as displacing to a degree the role of the Christian missionaries, and Jews and Christians throughout the world began to anticipate more intensely the fateful year of 1840. The atmosphere is vividly portrayed in Lehren’s correspondence. Ties between the Perushim’s leadership and the Christian missionaries were strengthened in the wake of the terrifying Damascus blood libel in March 1840, when the missionaries turned out to be the Jews’ only allies. At the same time, the missionaries increased their efforts to proselytize, taking steps as radical as the appointment of a Jewish convert as Anglican bishop in Jerusalem. The passing of 1840 without the Messiah’s appearance produced a crisis of faith, making many Jews more vulnerable to the missionaries’ efforts. Jewish writers (such as Aviezer of Ticktin) sought to play down the crisis, offering reasons for the Messiah’s delay.Less
Beginning in the 1820s, a symbiotic relationship prevailed between the Perushim and the Protestant missionaries active in the Land of Israel such as Joseph Wolf and the London Society for the Promotion of Christianity Amongst the Jews. The missionaries saw the return of the Jews to the Promised Land as essential to the messianic process; the Perushim were happy to accept economic, medical, and other forms of material aid from the missionaries, and saw gentile involvement in the rebuilding of the land as part of the messianic process as they envisioned it. At the same time, there were tensions related to the missionaries’ efforts to convert the Jews. Matters grew more complex in the 1830s when the Perushim saw the enlightened, European (read: Christian)-style reign of Muhammad Ali as displacing to a degree the role of the Christian missionaries, and Jews and Christians throughout the world began to anticipate more intensely the fateful year of 1840. The atmosphere is vividly portrayed in Lehren’s correspondence. Ties between the Perushim’s leadership and the Christian missionaries were strengthened in the wake of the terrifying Damascus blood libel in March 1840, when the missionaries turned out to be the Jews’ only allies. At the same time, the missionaries increased their efforts to proselytize, taking steps as radical as the appointment of a Jewish convert as Anglican bishop in Jerusalem. The passing of 1840 without the Messiah’s appearance produced a crisis of faith, making many Jews more vulnerable to the missionaries’ efforts. Jewish writers (such as Aviezer of Ticktin) sought to play down the crisis, offering reasons for the Messiah’s delay.
Lincoln Geraghty
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628462340
- eISBN:
- 9781626746787
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628462340.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
Following Russell T. Davies’ successful 2005 reboot of the once dead franchise, Doctor Who is now the BBC’s chief television export to the world and a global brand. The Doctor has become a ...
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Following Russell T. Davies’ successful 2005 reboot of the once dead franchise, Doctor Who is now the BBC’s chief television export to the world and a global brand. The Doctor has become a quintessential British superhero: his knowledge knows no bounds; he has the power to travel through time and space; his companions bring their own spirit, personality and abilities to his time travelling missions; and, most of all, he is driven to protect the innocent and save those in need. One sign of the Doctor’s international success comes at the annual San Diego Comic Con where BBC America has made a concerted effort to attract and build a loyal American audience - with the latest series of Doctor Who achieving a Comic Con first for the BBC by having its panel held in the famous Hall H (a 7,000 seat auditorium usually reserved for big Hollywood premieres, attracting star names and very long queues). This chapter investigates the importance of the San Diego Comic Con in the global circulation of popular media texts, but then builds on this by discussing the increasing significance and popularity of international superhero and science fiction franchises in the American media industry.Less
Following Russell T. Davies’ successful 2005 reboot of the once dead franchise, Doctor Who is now the BBC’s chief television export to the world and a global brand. The Doctor has become a quintessential British superhero: his knowledge knows no bounds; he has the power to travel through time and space; his companions bring their own spirit, personality and abilities to his time travelling missions; and, most of all, he is driven to protect the innocent and save those in need. One sign of the Doctor’s international success comes at the annual San Diego Comic Con where BBC America has made a concerted effort to attract and build a loyal American audience - with the latest series of Doctor Who achieving a Comic Con first for the BBC by having its panel held in the famous Hall H (a 7,000 seat auditorium usually reserved for big Hollywood premieres, attracting star names and very long queues). This chapter investigates the importance of the San Diego Comic Con in the global circulation of popular media texts, but then builds on this by discussing the increasing significance and popularity of international superhero and science fiction franchises in the American media industry.
Patrick J. W. Egan
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262037358
- eISBN:
- 9780262344265
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262037358.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This book considers patterns of inward foreign investment in emerging economies. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has long been recognized as a potential source of developmental benefits for host ...
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This book considers patterns of inward foreign investment in emerging economies. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has long been recognized as a potential source of developmental benefits for host countries, but existing studies have not always considered the heterogeneity of FDI or the types of activities pursued by multinationals in peripheral markets. This book examines the uneven spread of innovation-intensive investment to emerging economies, and asks questions about its determinants. Through use of large scale firm surveys, firm and country level data, and case studies, this book demonstrates that host country institutions and policies have a strong impact on the likelihood and intensity of local innovation by multinationals. This book unpacks the multifaceted concept of innovation, and proposes multiple measures including R&D spending, patents, and other indicators. The analysis also considers sectoral differences in innovation patterns, and how innovative foreign firms do or do not become embedded in host economies. This book modifies comparative institutional analysis for an era of multinational production, and has important implications for industrial policy and investment promotion practices. Host country institutions, which serve as intermediaries between foreign forms and domestic markets, have an important role to play in reducing the risk inherent in decentralized innovation. This book therefore contributes to diverse literatures on the political economy of FDI, development, and international business studies.Less
This book considers patterns of inward foreign investment in emerging economies. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has long been recognized as a potential source of developmental benefits for host countries, but existing studies have not always considered the heterogeneity of FDI or the types of activities pursued by multinationals in peripheral markets. This book examines the uneven spread of innovation-intensive investment to emerging economies, and asks questions about its determinants. Through use of large scale firm surveys, firm and country level data, and case studies, this book demonstrates that host country institutions and policies have a strong impact on the likelihood and intensity of local innovation by multinationals. This book unpacks the multifaceted concept of innovation, and proposes multiple measures including R&D spending, patents, and other indicators. The analysis also considers sectoral differences in innovation patterns, and how innovative foreign firms do or do not become embedded in host economies. This book modifies comparative institutional analysis for an era of multinational production, and has important implications for industrial policy and investment promotion practices. Host country institutions, which serve as intermediaries between foreign forms and domestic markets, have an important role to play in reducing the risk inherent in decentralized innovation. This book therefore contributes to diverse literatures on the political economy of FDI, development, and international business studies.
Peter Triantafillou and Naja Vucina
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781526100528
- eISBN:
- 9781526138972
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526100528.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This book examines the politics of health promotion in Denmark and England. Based on two areas of health interventions, namely obesity control and mental recovery, the book analyses how public health ...
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This book examines the politics of health promotion in Denmark and England. Based on two areas of health interventions, namely obesity control and mental recovery, the book analyses how public health policies have shifted since the 1980s from a dual strategy of prevention – by modifying the physical environment – and curation to a strategy of health promotion. This involves a new kind of power exercised over and through the subjectivity not only of the ill and sick, but, in principle, all citizens. Thus, the aim of health promotion is not only to prevent or cure illness, but to improve health, a political ambition that has no immanent limits. While health promotion is endorsing a soft mode of power that works through the subjectivity and freedom of those over whom it is exercised, its drive to indefinitely improve the health of each and all calls for concern. Inspired by Michel Foucault, the book employs the conceptual terms constructivist neoliberalism and optimistic vitalism to grasp this phenomenon. Whereas the former denotes a general mode of power working through the mobilization of the self-steering capacities of individuals and groups, the latter term points to the specific mode of biopower by which public authorities constantly seek to augment the health and productive capacities of its citizens.Less
This book examines the politics of health promotion in Denmark and England. Based on two areas of health interventions, namely obesity control and mental recovery, the book analyses how public health policies have shifted since the 1980s from a dual strategy of prevention – by modifying the physical environment – and curation to a strategy of health promotion. This involves a new kind of power exercised over and through the subjectivity not only of the ill and sick, but, in principle, all citizens. Thus, the aim of health promotion is not only to prevent or cure illness, but to improve health, a political ambition that has no immanent limits. While health promotion is endorsing a soft mode of power that works through the subjectivity and freedom of those over whom it is exercised, its drive to indefinitely improve the health of each and all calls for concern. Inspired by Michel Foucault, the book employs the conceptual terms constructivist neoliberalism and optimistic vitalism to grasp this phenomenon. Whereas the former denotes a general mode of power working through the mobilization of the self-steering capacities of individuals and groups, the latter term points to the specific mode of biopower by which public authorities constantly seek to augment the health and productive capacities of its citizens.
Colin Palfrey
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447341239
- eISBN:
- 9781447341277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447341239.003.0007
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter considers international perspectives in the area of health promotion. It begins with an overview of health promotion as a global enterprise, citing major developments such as the ...
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This chapter considers international perspectives in the area of health promotion. It begins with an overview of health promotion as a global enterprise, citing major developments such as the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Alma Ata Declaration, and the introduction of the notion of the social determinants of health by Thomas McKeown. It then examines the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986) and the five health promotion areas that it identified for achieving better health: building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services. The chapter goes on to discuss other international health promotion initiatives, including the Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World (2005) and the Helsinki Global Conference on Health Promotion (2013). Finally, it analyses the role of the WHO in health promotion, along with the issues of health inequalities and health inequities.Less
This chapter considers international perspectives in the area of health promotion. It begins with an overview of health promotion as a global enterprise, citing major developments such as the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Alma Ata Declaration, and the introduction of the notion of the social determinants of health by Thomas McKeown. It then examines the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986) and the five health promotion areas that it identified for achieving better health: building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services. The chapter goes on to discuss other international health promotion initiatives, including the Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World (2005) and the Helsinki Global Conference on Health Promotion (2013). Finally, it analyses the role of the WHO in health promotion, along with the issues of health inequalities and health inequities.
Katy Layton-Jones
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099694
- eISBN:
- 9781526104038
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099694.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Drawing on a vast range of promotional ephemera, chapter four reveals the wide-ranging impact that commercial advertisements had upon the developing identities of British provincial towns. It ...
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Drawing on a vast range of promotional ephemera, chapter four reveals the wide-ranging impact that commercial advertisements had upon the developing identities of British provincial towns. It demonstrates the process by which the priorities of private companies and speculators came to dominate and dictate the image of commercial and manufacturing centres throughout Great Britain. Incorporating evidence ranging from promotional porcelain to bills of trade and letterheads, this chapter interrogates and explains the process that led to the emergence of a collective and exclusively industrial identity for provincial urban Britain in the second half of the nineteenth century. In so doing it accounts for the extent to which the changing iconography of industrial and commercial Britain in the form of chimneys, bottle furnaces, warehouses and workshops were transcribed as visual motifs, creating a lexicon that artists and observers used to recognize, articulate and interpret the townscape. It concludes with a persuasive explanation for the eventual abandonment of pictorial conventions inherited from the eighteenth century and their replacement with a new formula defined by melodrama, expansive scale and discord.Less
Drawing on a vast range of promotional ephemera, chapter four reveals the wide-ranging impact that commercial advertisements had upon the developing identities of British provincial towns. It demonstrates the process by which the priorities of private companies and speculators came to dominate and dictate the image of commercial and manufacturing centres throughout Great Britain. Incorporating evidence ranging from promotional porcelain to bills of trade and letterheads, this chapter interrogates and explains the process that led to the emergence of a collective and exclusively industrial identity for provincial urban Britain in the second half of the nineteenth century. In so doing it accounts for the extent to which the changing iconography of industrial and commercial Britain in the form of chimneys, bottle furnaces, warehouses and workshops were transcribed as visual motifs, creating a lexicon that artists and observers used to recognize, articulate and interpret the townscape. It concludes with a persuasive explanation for the eventual abandonment of pictorial conventions inherited from the eighteenth century and their replacement with a new formula defined by melodrama, expansive scale and discord.
Fernando Guirao
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- February 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780198861232
- eISBN:
- 9780191893315
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198861232.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Political History
This book explores how the governments of the founding members of the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community, acting collectively via the European Communities, assisted ...
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This book explores how the governments of the founding members of the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community, acting collectively via the European Communities, assisted in the consolidation of the Franco regime. The Six (the Nine after 1973) provided the Spanish economy with a stable supply of raw materials and capital goods and with outlet markets for Spain’s main export commodities. Through both mechanisms, the European Communities assisted Spain’s development and supported the stabilization of its non-democratic régime. From 1950 to the mid-1960s, the Six avoided every sign of discrimination against Spain. By the mid-1960s, they became conscious of the need to promote Spanish exports in order to expand their own exports on the Spanish market. By 1970, Madrid obtained an arrangement with the EEC that, free of any political conditionality, provided ample access to the Common Market while keeping the Spanish market essentially closed. After 1972, the Nine negotiated Franco Spain’s integration into a pan-European industrial free-trade area, in exchange for access to the Spanish market. It was the Spanish cabinet, at the last minute, for protection reasons, who decided to derail the offer. The Franco regime was never threatened by European integration and the Six/Nine managed to isolate negotiations with Spain from mounting political disturbance. In sum, without unremitting material assistance from Western Europe, it would have been considerably more challenging for the Franco regime to attain the stability that enabled the dictator to maintain his rule until dying peacefully at 82 years old.Less
This book explores how the governments of the founding members of the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community, acting collectively via the European Communities, assisted in the consolidation of the Franco regime. The Six (the Nine after 1973) provided the Spanish economy with a stable supply of raw materials and capital goods and with outlet markets for Spain’s main export commodities. Through both mechanisms, the European Communities assisted Spain’s development and supported the stabilization of its non-democratic régime. From 1950 to the mid-1960s, the Six avoided every sign of discrimination against Spain. By the mid-1960s, they became conscious of the need to promote Spanish exports in order to expand their own exports on the Spanish market. By 1970, Madrid obtained an arrangement with the EEC that, free of any political conditionality, provided ample access to the Common Market while keeping the Spanish market essentially closed. After 1972, the Nine negotiated Franco Spain’s integration into a pan-European industrial free-trade area, in exchange for access to the Spanish market. It was the Spanish cabinet, at the last minute, for protection reasons, who decided to derail the offer. The Franco regime was never threatened by European integration and the Six/Nine managed to isolate negotiations with Spain from mounting political disturbance. In sum, without unremitting material assistance from Western Europe, it would have been considerably more challenging for the Franco regime to attain the stability that enabled the dictator to maintain his rule until dying peacefully at 82 years old.
Beverly Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452123
- eISBN:
- 9780801468322
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452123.003.0021
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
In this chapter, the author reflects on health care in Haiti in the post-earthquake period. Public health and medical care are two arenas in which the earthquake amplified preexisting social ...
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In this chapter, the author reflects on health care in Haiti in the post-earthquake period. Public health and medical care are two arenas in which the earthquake amplified preexisting social catastrophes. The state of Haiti's Ministry of Public Health reflected the country's health care after the earthquake. The quake also destroyed eight major hospitals and seriously damaged twenty-two more, in addition to medical and nursing schools. Before disaster struck, the country had about twenty-five physicians and eleven nurses for every 100,000 people. The quake killed hundreds of doctors and nurses, along with other health care workers. The author first provides an overview of health care in post-earthquake Haiti before discussing the links between politics and health. She then considers issues regarding health care access and goes on to describe the work of two organizations, Partners in Health and the Association for the Promotion of Integrated Family Health.Less
In this chapter, the author reflects on health care in Haiti in the post-earthquake period. Public health and medical care are two arenas in which the earthquake amplified preexisting social catastrophes. The state of Haiti's Ministry of Public Health reflected the country's health care after the earthquake. The quake also destroyed eight major hospitals and seriously damaged twenty-two more, in addition to medical and nursing schools. Before disaster struck, the country had about twenty-five physicians and eleven nurses for every 100,000 people. The quake killed hundreds of doctors and nurses, along with other health care workers. The author first provides an overview of health care in post-earthquake Haiti before discussing the links between politics and health. She then considers issues regarding health care access and goes on to describe the work of two organizations, Partners in Health and the Association for the Promotion of Integrated Family Health.
Brent S. Sirota
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199988532
- eISBN:
- 9780199369997
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199988532.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, World Early Modern History, History of Ideas
Religious outreach to the maritime world in the later seventeenth and eighteenth centuries constituted a movement to overcome the moral hazard of the ocean and to inscribe the sea and seafaring ...
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Religious outreach to the maritime world in the later seventeenth and eighteenth centuries constituted a movement to overcome the moral hazard of the ocean and to inscribe the sea and seafaring peoples within the Protestant moral order that was increasingly becoming constitutive of English national identity in this period. An analysis of the networks of largely Anglican religious and charitable associations engaged in Christianization efforts throughout the maritime empire opens up the analysis of mercantilism to a plurality of actors that constituted civil society and political authority in the early modern world; as such, it offers a new narrative by which one can understand the multiple processes by which the oceanic space of the Atlantic came to be controlled, patrolled, and nationalized in the eighteenth century.Less
Religious outreach to the maritime world in the later seventeenth and eighteenth centuries constituted a movement to overcome the moral hazard of the ocean and to inscribe the sea and seafaring peoples within the Protestant moral order that was increasingly becoming constitutive of English national identity in this period. An analysis of the networks of largely Anglican religious and charitable associations engaged in Christianization efforts throughout the maritime empire opens up the analysis of mercantilism to a plurality of actors that constituted civil society and political authority in the early modern world; as such, it offers a new narrative by which one can understand the multiple processes by which the oceanic space of the Atlantic came to be controlled, patrolled, and nationalized in the eighteenth century.
Julee T. Flood and Terry L. Leap
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781501728952
- eISBN:
- 9781501728969
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501728952.003.0002
- Subject:
- Education, Higher and Further Education
The recruitment, selection, and evaluation of faculty are covered in this chapter. An examination of the research on interviewing, background checks, and other selection criteria is set forth based ...
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The recruitment, selection, and evaluation of faculty are covered in this chapter. An examination of the research on interviewing, background checks, and other selection criteria is set forth based on the perspectives of industrial and organizational psychologists. The structure of academic ranks and the way in which faculty move through these ranks and achieve (or do not achieve) promotion and tenure.Less
The recruitment, selection, and evaluation of faculty are covered in this chapter. An examination of the research on interviewing, background checks, and other selection criteria is set forth based on the perspectives of industrial and organizational psychologists. The structure of academic ranks and the way in which faculty move through these ranks and achieve (or do not achieve) promotion and tenure.
Ana Teresa Tavares-Lehmann
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231172981
- eISBN:
- 9780231541640
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172981.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
The Chapter explores the various types and sub-types of investment incentives, including not only the usually considered financial, fiscal and regulatory incentives, but also the less studied but ...
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The Chapter explores the various types and sub-types of investment incentives, including not only the usually considered financial, fiscal and regulatory incentives, but also the less studied but very often used information and technical services, that can be particularly relevant in determining the final location of investment. The chapter also discusses other stimuli to investment location, specifically focusing on the role of investment promotion institutions/agencies (IPAs).Less
The Chapter explores the various types and sub-types of investment incentives, including not only the usually considered financial, fiscal and regulatory incentives, but also the less studied but very often used information and technical services, that can be particularly relevant in determining the final location of investment. The chapter also discusses other stimuli to investment location, specifically focusing on the role of investment promotion institutions/agencies (IPAs).
Henry Knight
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813044811
- eISBN:
- 9780813046396
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813044811.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Tropic of Hopes: California, Florida, and the Selling of American Paradise, 1869-1929, shows how ideas of tropicality were central to the selling of California and Florida in the period of ...
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Tropic of Hopes: California, Florida, and the Selling of American Paradise, 1869-1929, shows how ideas of tropicality were central to the selling of California and Florida in the period of transformative development from 1869 to 1929. Promotional visions of Southern California and peninsular Florida as “semi-tropical” lands cast the two states as attractive, redemptive alternatives to an increasingly industrialized and urbanized “older” America: the semi-tropical states, in particular, offered formation narratives of evolved living for incoming Americans. California possessed advantages and strengths over Florida in their rivalry which caused the latter to look to the West Coast for inspiration. But in both states healthful tourism, independent agriculture, rewarding labor, and distinctive cities became the areas of focus in the promotional literature, which, in differing ways, promised happier existences and republican renewal for tourists and settlers coming to California and Florida. The promotional visions were deeply ethnocentric, however, focusing on the tropical benefits to be had for Anglo-Americans while romanticizing and marginalizing ethnic and racial minorities in both states. In the process, the semi-tropical imagery reinforced interlinked programs of capitalist development and racial hierarchy that contributed to social stratifications in California and Florida. Ultimately the two states benefitted from a rivalry which legitimized them both as once-exotic lands being domesticated into republican homelands by and for white Americans.Less
Tropic of Hopes: California, Florida, and the Selling of American Paradise, 1869-1929, shows how ideas of tropicality were central to the selling of California and Florida in the period of transformative development from 1869 to 1929. Promotional visions of Southern California and peninsular Florida as “semi-tropical” lands cast the two states as attractive, redemptive alternatives to an increasingly industrialized and urbanized “older” America: the semi-tropical states, in particular, offered formation narratives of evolved living for incoming Americans. California possessed advantages and strengths over Florida in their rivalry which caused the latter to look to the West Coast for inspiration. But in both states healthful tourism, independent agriculture, rewarding labor, and distinctive cities became the areas of focus in the promotional literature, which, in differing ways, promised happier existences and republican renewal for tourists and settlers coming to California and Florida. The promotional visions were deeply ethnocentric, however, focusing on the tropical benefits to be had for Anglo-Americans while romanticizing and marginalizing ethnic and racial minorities in both states. In the process, the semi-tropical imagery reinforced interlinked programs of capitalist development and racial hierarchy that contributed to social stratifications in California and Florida. Ultimately the two states benefitted from a rivalry which legitimized them both as once-exotic lands being domesticated into republican homelands by and for white Americans.
Arvind Panagariya
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780197531556
- eISBN:
- 9780197531587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197531556.003.0010
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, South and East Asia
Thanks to the rapid expansion of private colleges and universities, India has been able to raise gross enrollment ratios in higher education at a satisfactory pace during the last twenty years. There ...
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Thanks to the rapid expansion of private colleges and universities, India has been able to raise gross enrollment ratios in higher education at a satisfactory pace during the last twenty years. There has not been similar success in raising the quality of higher education, however. India has no universities in the top one hundred in any international rankings, particularly lagging behind in social sciences and humanities. This chapter argues that the key bottleneck is the highly centralized governance system flowing from the archaic University Grants Commission (UGC) Act of 1956. Drawing on the experiences of the United States, United Kingdom, and China, this chapter suggests a complete overhaul of the system, giving autonomy to colleges and universities in all matters and establishing an accreditation system that would evaluate all institutions, with better-performing institutions receiving a larger volume of government funds. Institutions will also be freed to raise their own resources.Less
Thanks to the rapid expansion of private colleges and universities, India has been able to raise gross enrollment ratios in higher education at a satisfactory pace during the last twenty years. There has not been similar success in raising the quality of higher education, however. India has no universities in the top one hundred in any international rankings, particularly lagging behind in social sciences and humanities. This chapter argues that the key bottleneck is the highly centralized governance system flowing from the archaic University Grants Commission (UGC) Act of 1956. Drawing on the experiences of the United States, United Kingdom, and China, this chapter suggests a complete overhaul of the system, giving autonomy to colleges and universities in all matters and establishing an accreditation system that would evaluate all institutions, with better-performing institutions receiving a larger volume of government funds. Institutions will also be freed to raise their own resources.
Colin Palfrey
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447341239
- eISBN:
- 9781447341277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447341239.003.0006
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter examines health promotion campaigns and policies designed to raise the profile of mental health, and more specifically to help those suffering from mental illness. It begins with an ...
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This chapter examines health promotion campaigns and policies designed to raise the profile of mental health, and more specifically to help those suffering from mental illness. It begins with an overview of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. It then considers the NHS policy on mental health; the mental health promotion strategies in the UK, including the Scottish Health Survey of 2016, the All Wales Mental Health Promotion Network, and the Mental Health Foundation report in Northern Ireland; the implications of the coexistence of physical and mental illness for policy makers and practitioners; and mental health charities such as Anxiety UK, Centre for Mental Health, Rethink Mental Illness, SANE and Time to Change. The chapter also discusses various mental health promotion strategies throughout the UK, locations for mental health promotion, and economic evaluations of mental health promotion.Less
This chapter examines health promotion campaigns and policies designed to raise the profile of mental health, and more specifically to help those suffering from mental illness. It begins with an overview of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. It then considers the NHS policy on mental health; the mental health promotion strategies in the UK, including the Scottish Health Survey of 2016, the All Wales Mental Health Promotion Network, and the Mental Health Foundation report in Northern Ireland; the implications of the coexistence of physical and mental illness for policy makers and practitioners; and mental health charities such as Anxiety UK, Centre for Mental Health, Rethink Mental Illness, SANE and Time to Change. The chapter also discusses various mental health promotion strategies throughout the UK, locations for mental health promotion, and economic evaluations of mental health promotion.
Patrick J. W. Egan
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262037358
- eISBN:
- 9780262344265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262037358.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This chapter provides the theoretic background and working hypotheses for the empirical tests that follow in subsequent chapters. The book is informed by substantial literature in several academic ...
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This chapter provides the theoretic background and working hypotheses for the empirical tests that follow in subsequent chapters. The book is informed by substantial literature in several academic subfields, including but not limited to international political economy, international business studies, development economics, and global value chain research. This chapter builds a cumulative theoretic framework for interpreting multinational innovation and comparative institutionalist perspectives. Prior literature and debate inform the hypotheses presented in this chapter, which involve both country and firm level attributes and resulting investment patterns. The chapter considers ideas from international development studies regarding the role of multinational firms in processes of country growth and technological upgrading, theories of the firm and contemporary pressures for polycentric innovation models, and institutionalist perspectives from political science and political economy. This chapter also provides working definitions for key concepts and how institutions might be analytically separated from host country policies. The chapter emphasizes the theoretic support for the causal mechanisms supposed in the various hypotheses.Less
This chapter provides the theoretic background and working hypotheses for the empirical tests that follow in subsequent chapters. The book is informed by substantial literature in several academic subfields, including but not limited to international political economy, international business studies, development economics, and global value chain research. This chapter builds a cumulative theoretic framework for interpreting multinational innovation and comparative institutionalist perspectives. Prior literature and debate inform the hypotheses presented in this chapter, which involve both country and firm level attributes and resulting investment patterns. The chapter considers ideas from international development studies regarding the role of multinational firms in processes of country growth and technological upgrading, theories of the firm and contemporary pressures for polycentric innovation models, and institutionalist perspectives from political science and political economy. This chapter also provides working definitions for key concepts and how institutions might be analytically separated from host country policies. The chapter emphasizes the theoretic support for the causal mechanisms supposed in the various hypotheses.
Patrick J. W. Egan
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262037358
- eISBN:
- 9780262344265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262037358.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This chapter adds a case study of Ireland’s experience with FDI, as a complement to the cross-national investigations of preceding chapters. By considering a single country and its policies and ...
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This chapter adds a case study of Ireland’s experience with FDI, as a complement to the cross-national investigations of preceding chapters. By considering a single country and its policies and institutions through time, this chapter adds context and policy relevance to the larger claims of the book. Ireland’s potential example for developing countries is considered, as well as its limitations. While Ireland has attracted a large amount of FDI since the 1990s, the country has not consistently exhibited innovation-intensive investment patterns. This chapter empirically examines the investment models adopted by firms in Ireland, and connects these strategies to the history of investment promotion and institutional development. This chapter demonstrates that institutions in Ireland did not until recently prioritize multinational embeddedness in the local economy, and that policymakers missed opportunities for innovation-intensive forms of investment. This chapter utilizes firm surveys, and also considers government support for innovation and domestic linkages. The chapter also contains a discussion of the possible implications of the Irish case.Less
This chapter adds a case study of Ireland’s experience with FDI, as a complement to the cross-national investigations of preceding chapters. By considering a single country and its policies and institutions through time, this chapter adds context and policy relevance to the larger claims of the book. Ireland’s potential example for developing countries is considered, as well as its limitations. While Ireland has attracted a large amount of FDI since the 1990s, the country has not consistently exhibited innovation-intensive investment patterns. This chapter empirically examines the investment models adopted by firms in Ireland, and connects these strategies to the history of investment promotion and institutional development. This chapter demonstrates that institutions in Ireland did not until recently prioritize multinational embeddedness in the local economy, and that policymakers missed opportunities for innovation-intensive forms of investment. This chapter utilizes firm surveys, and also considers government support for innovation and domestic linkages. The chapter also contains a discussion of the possible implications of the Irish case.
Patrick J. W. Egan
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262037358
- eISBN:
- 9780262344265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262037358.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This chapter summarizes the main arguments of the book and repeats the central empirical findings. Following a brief discussion of the data sources used to support the varied arguments, this chapter ...
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This chapter summarizes the main arguments of the book and repeats the central empirical findings. Following a brief discussion of the data sources used to support the varied arguments, this chapter considers the lessons for theory and its strong comparative institutionalist perspective. Policy implications of the book are also considered in this chapter, and the link between institutional and policy reform and innovation outcomes is again emphasized. This chapter considers also the limitations of the book, and the ways the book’s arguments and analysis might be constructively challenged/amended in the future. There are a number of issues not explicitly addressed in the book because of its domestic institutionalist focus, including international treaties on intellectual property rights. The chapter concludes with some suggestions on how these future research agendas might be integrated with existing literature.Less
This chapter summarizes the main arguments of the book and repeats the central empirical findings. Following a brief discussion of the data sources used to support the varied arguments, this chapter considers the lessons for theory and its strong comparative institutionalist perspective. Policy implications of the book are also considered in this chapter, and the link between institutional and policy reform and innovation outcomes is again emphasized. This chapter considers also the limitations of the book, and the ways the book’s arguments and analysis might be constructively challenged/amended in the future. There are a number of issues not explicitly addressed in the book because of its domestic institutionalist focus, including international treaties on intellectual property rights. The chapter concludes with some suggestions on how these future research agendas might be integrated with existing literature.
Jerry T. Watkins III
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813056913
- eISBN:
- 9780813053684
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056913.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
In order to capitalize on local particularities, there was no single blueprint for selling Florida. “The Sunshine State” was both a descriptor of the weather and a hint at the imagined possibilities; ...
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In order to capitalize on local particularities, there was no single blueprint for selling Florida. “The Sunshine State” was both a descriptor of the weather and a hint at the imagined possibilities; but there was also a set of enforcement mechanisms that sought to maintain this hologram of paradise. This chapter lays bare the careful construction of Florida as a product to be sold on the increasingly competitive tourism market. This chapter examines both the image and the support/enforcement structure to show how “The Sunshine State” was deliberately crafted through promotion to outsiders, advice on good citizenship to residents, and selective enforcement of morality through agencies such as the John's Committee. “The Sunshine State” was a product, it was a destination, and it was a dream, but queer men and women were not welcome.Less
In order to capitalize on local particularities, there was no single blueprint for selling Florida. “The Sunshine State” was both a descriptor of the weather and a hint at the imagined possibilities; but there was also a set of enforcement mechanisms that sought to maintain this hologram of paradise. This chapter lays bare the careful construction of Florida as a product to be sold on the increasingly competitive tourism market. This chapter examines both the image and the support/enforcement structure to show how “The Sunshine State” was deliberately crafted through promotion to outsiders, advice on good citizenship to residents, and selective enforcement of morality through agencies such as the John's Committee. “The Sunshine State” was a product, it was a destination, and it was a dream, but queer men and women were not welcome.
Ofer Bergman and Steve Whittaker
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035170
- eISBN:
- 9780262336291
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035170.003.0012
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
The subjective importance principle states that importance should determine the visual salience and accessibility of information. It is divided into two sub-principles: The Promotion Principle ...
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The subjective importance principle states that importance should determine the visual salience and accessibility of information. It is divided into two sub-principles: The Promotion Principle proposes that very important items should be highly visible and accessible as they are more likely to be retrieved. The Demotion Principle proposes that items of lower importance should be made less visible so as not to distract the user, but kept in their original context. This chapter describes the demotion principle. The chapter presents three designs which were developed and positively evaluated: GrayArea in which users can manually demote unimportant information items to a gray area at the bottom of the folder; DMTR which automatically demotes infrequently used mobile phone contacts; and Old'nGray that automatically demotes old versions of documents, so that users can spot the newest version at a glance.Less
The subjective importance principle states that importance should determine the visual salience and accessibility of information. It is divided into two sub-principles: The Promotion Principle proposes that very important items should be highly visible and accessible as they are more likely to be retrieved. The Demotion Principle proposes that items of lower importance should be made less visible so as not to distract the user, but kept in their original context. This chapter describes the demotion principle. The chapter presents three designs which were developed and positively evaluated: GrayArea in which users can manually demote unimportant information items to a gray area at the bottom of the folder; DMTR which automatically demotes infrequently used mobile phone contacts; and Old'nGray that automatically demotes old versions of documents, so that users can spot the newest version at a glance.
Pamela Walker Laird
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813056524
- eISBN:
- 9780813053455
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056524.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Chapter 8 compares the appointment of women in presidential cabinets to top executive positions in corporations. The author argues that the record of promoting women to CEO posts in corporate America ...
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Chapter 8 compares the appointment of women in presidential cabinets to top executive positions in corporations. The author argues that the record of promoting women to CEO posts in corporate America has been inferior to their elevation in cabinet posts. Overall, in both civic and business arenas, glass ceilings continue to inhibit upward movement for women despite meritocratic rhetoric to the contrary.Less
Chapter 8 compares the appointment of women in presidential cabinets to top executive positions in corporations. The author argues that the record of promoting women to CEO posts in corporate America has been inferior to their elevation in cabinet posts. Overall, in both civic and business arenas, glass ceilings continue to inhibit upward movement for women despite meritocratic rhetoric to the contrary.
