Frédéric Mérand
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199533244
- eISBN:
- 9780191714474
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199533244.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, European Union
This book explains the creation of the European Union's Security and Defense Policy—to this day the most ambitious project of peacetime military integration. Whether hailed as a vital step in the ...
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This book explains the creation of the European Union's Security and Defense Policy—to this day the most ambitious project of peacetime military integration. Whether hailed as a vital step in the integration of Europe or berated as a wasteful threat to US power, European citizens are increasingly interested in the common defense policy. Today, “European Defense” is more popular than the European Union itself, even in Great Britain. This book addresses the fundamental challenge posed by military integration to the way we think about the state in the 21st century. Looking back over the past fifty years, it shows how statesmen, diplomats, and soldiers have converged towards Brussels as a “natural” solution to their concerns but also as something worth fighting over. The actors most closely associated to the formation of nation-states are now shaping a transgovernmental security and defense arena. As a result, defense policy is being denationalized. Exploring the complex relations between the state, the military, and citizenship in today's Europe, the book argues that European Defense is a symptom, but not a cause, of the transformation of the state. This book is an original contribution to the theory of European integration. Drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu, the book develops a political sociology of international relations which seeks to bridge institutionalism and constructivism. This careful study of practices, social representations, and power structures sheds new light on security and defense cooperation, but also on European cooperation more generally.Less
This book explains the creation of the European Union's Security and Defense Policy—to this day the most ambitious project of peacetime military integration. Whether hailed as a vital step in the integration of Europe or berated as a wasteful threat to US power, European citizens are increasingly interested in the common defense policy. Today, “European Defense” is more popular than the European Union itself, even in Great Britain. This book addresses the fundamental challenge posed by military integration to the way we think about the state in the 21st century. Looking back over the past fifty years, it shows how statesmen, diplomats, and soldiers have converged towards Brussels as a “natural” solution to their concerns but also as something worth fighting over. The actors most closely associated to the formation of nation-states are now shaping a transgovernmental security and defense arena. As a result, defense policy is being denationalized. Exploring the complex relations between the state, the military, and citizenship in today's Europe, the book argues that European Defense is a symptom, but not a cause, of the transformation of the state. This book is an original contribution to the theory of European integration. Drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu, the book develops a political sociology of international relations which seeks to bridge institutionalism and constructivism. This careful study of practices, social representations, and power structures sheds new light on security and defense cooperation, but also on European cooperation more generally.
Mario Luis Small
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195384352
- eISBN:
- 9780199869893
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384352.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Standard models of social capital have said little about how actors form the ties that generate social capital. This chapter proposes a model based on three assumptions: Actors may form ties either ...
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Standard models of social capital have said little about how actors form the ties that generate social capital. This chapter proposes a model based on three assumptions: Actors may form ties either purposely or non‐purposely; forming either purposely or non‐purposely depends on the context of social interaction; and the context of interaction can be shaped significantly by routine organizations. The model theorizes how organizations can affect not only the formation of ties but also the trust they exhibit, the obligations they carry, and the resources they exchange. The model discusses not merely social but also organizational ties. The chapter concludes by explaining why childcare centers are an especially strategic site to explore this model, and identifying the book’s four major data sources: a national survey of mothers of young children, a survey of childcare centers in New York City, an in‐depth interview study of about 65 mothers in New York, and in‐depth case studies of 23 centers in the city.Less
Standard models of social capital have said little about how actors form the ties that generate social capital. This chapter proposes a model based on three assumptions: Actors may form ties either purposely or non‐purposely; forming either purposely or non‐purposely depends on the context of social interaction; and the context of interaction can be shaped significantly by routine organizations. The model theorizes how organizations can affect not only the formation of ties but also the trust they exhibit, the obligations they carry, and the resources they exchange. The model discusses not merely social but also organizational ties. The chapter concludes by explaining why childcare centers are an especially strategic site to explore this model, and identifying the book’s four major data sources: a national survey of mothers of young children, a survey of childcare centers in New York City, an in‐depth interview study of about 65 mothers in New York, and in‐depth case studies of 23 centers in the city.
Michèle Lowrie
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199545674
- eISBN:
- 9780191719950
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199545674.003.0012
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This is one of two chapters to analyze actual monuments at Rome. Augustus' Res gestae was an inscription erected on pillars outside his Mausoleum on the Campus Martius but also copied and ...
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This is one of two chapters to analyze actual monuments at Rome. Augustus' Res gestae was an inscription erected on pillars outside his Mausoleum on the Campus Martius but also copied and disseminated across the empire. As such, it is a document with a strong affiliation with writing, iteration, and death. Nevertheless, Augustus describes his own power in this document as auctoritas, a word with a strong performative dimension. The performative discourse theory of Pierre Bourdieu, Jacques, Derrida, and Judith Butler helps analyze authority's need for representation and how a productive interrelation between the media helped Augustus articulate his consolidation of power. The exemplum emerges as a figure of thought that brings together ideology, representation, pragmatics, and transmission.Less
This is one of two chapters to analyze actual monuments at Rome. Augustus' Res gestae was an inscription erected on pillars outside his Mausoleum on the Campus Martius but also copied and disseminated across the empire. As such, it is a document with a strong affiliation with writing, iteration, and death. Nevertheless, Augustus describes his own power in this document as auctoritas, a word with a strong performative dimension. The performative discourse theory of Pierre Bourdieu, Jacques, Derrida, and Judith Butler helps analyze authority's need for representation and how a productive interrelation between the media helped Augustus articulate his consolidation of power. The exemplum emerges as a figure of thought that brings together ideology, representation, pragmatics, and transmission.
Mark R. Wynn
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199560387
- eISBN:
- 9780191721175
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199560387.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter reviews some of the recent literature in philosophy of place. Drawing on authors such as Gaston Bachelard, Henri Lefebvre, Pierre Bourdieu, and David Seamon, the chapter deepens the ...
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This chapter reviews some of the recent literature in philosophy of place. Drawing on authors such as Gaston Bachelard, Henri Lefebvre, Pierre Bourdieu, and David Seamon, the chapter deepens the earlier discussion of the nature of knowledge of place, by considering further the affect-infused character of knowledge of place and its connection to salient perception of a material context, and by examining the rootedness of knowledge of place in habitual bodily responses.Less
This chapter reviews some of the recent literature in philosophy of place. Drawing on authors such as Gaston Bachelard, Henri Lefebvre, Pierre Bourdieu, and David Seamon, the chapter deepens the earlier discussion of the nature of knowledge of place, by considering further the affect-infused character of knowledge of place and its connection to salient perception of a material context, and by examining the rootedness of knowledge of place in habitual bodily responses.
James Davison Hunter
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199730803
- eISBN:
- 9780199777082
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199730803.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, ...
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Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, networks, interests, and symbols. Cultures are very resistant to change, but they do change under specific conditions.Less
Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, networks, interests, and symbols. Cultures are very resistant to change, but they do change under specific conditions.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846312458
- eISBN:
- 9781846316081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846312458.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This chapter focuses on the role of André Malraux and Pierre Bourdieu on the expression and critique of cultural policy. First, it explores Malraux's founding of a cultural policy as head of the ...
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This chapter focuses on the role of André Malraux and Pierre Bourdieu on the expression and critique of cultural policy. First, it explores Malraux's founding of a cultural policy as head of the Ministry of Culture. It then considers the problems encountered by the Houses of Culture in integrating Malraux's task as a minister. Finally, the chapter discusses the formulation and development of a policy critique by Pierre Bourdieu.Less
This chapter focuses on the role of André Malraux and Pierre Bourdieu on the expression and critique of cultural policy. First, it explores Malraux's founding of a cultural policy as head of the Ministry of Culture. It then considers the problems encountered by the Houses of Culture in integrating Malraux's task as a minister. Finally, the chapter discusses the formulation and development of a policy critique by Pierre Bourdieu.
Roxanna Curto
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781781382967
- eISBN:
- 9781781384084
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781382967.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This essay examines how Bourdieu and Fanon’s views on colonialism and post-colonialism diverge and converge, focusing on their ideas about the revolutionary potential of the Algerian peasants, ...
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This essay examines how Bourdieu and Fanon’s views on colonialism and post-colonialism diverge and converge, focusing on their ideas about the revolutionary potential of the Algerian peasants, especially with regard to their preservation of traditions and adaptability to modernity. In particular, there are distinct parallels between Fanon’s psychoanalysis of race in Black Skin, White Masks, and Bourdieu’s analysis of symbolic domination in Distinction. In addition, Bourdieu’s emphasis on the role of racism and violence in colonization in “The Shock of Civilizations” and Algeria 1960 echoes Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth. Nonetheless, these two thinkers strongly disagreed about how to decolonize nations. Fanon, a member of the FLN, equated this party with progress, and believed that the fellah (the indigent peasant class) would lead the revolution. For Bourdieu, this fellah can only break out into senseless revolt, and it is the urban proletariat that holds the greatest revolutionary potential.Less
This essay examines how Bourdieu and Fanon’s views on colonialism and post-colonialism diverge and converge, focusing on their ideas about the revolutionary potential of the Algerian peasants, especially with regard to their preservation of traditions and adaptability to modernity. In particular, there are distinct parallels between Fanon’s psychoanalysis of race in Black Skin, White Masks, and Bourdieu’s analysis of symbolic domination in Distinction. In addition, Bourdieu’s emphasis on the role of racism and violence in colonization in “The Shock of Civilizations” and Algeria 1960 echoes Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth. Nonetheless, these two thinkers strongly disagreed about how to decolonize nations. Fanon, a member of the FLN, equated this party with progress, and believed that the fellah (the indigent peasant class) would lead the revolution. For Bourdieu, this fellah can only break out into senseless revolt, and it is the urban proletariat that holds the greatest revolutionary potential.
Jeremy Jennings
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203131
- eISBN:
- 9780191728587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203131.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Political History
Beginning with a discussion of the end of the “French exception” and the celebration of the bicentenary of the French Revolution, this conclusion looks at contemporary debates in France about the ...
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Beginning with a discussion of the end of the “French exception” and the celebration of the bicentenary of the French Revolution, this conclusion looks at contemporary debates in France about the meaning of citizenship, the challenges posed to it by multiculturalism, and the continuing relevance or otherwise of republicanism as an ideology capable of shaping public policy. It looks in particular at debates about the merits of neo-liberalism and economic globalisation (focusing upon the writings of Pierre Bourdieu and his critics) and about the principle of laïcité as it applies to the State educational system. The conclusion closes with reference to the controversy associated with the wearing of the hijab and burqa in French society and asks whether a republican conception of citizenship capable of responding appropriately to such a situation.Less
Beginning with a discussion of the end of the “French exception” and the celebration of the bicentenary of the French Revolution, this conclusion looks at contemporary debates in France about the meaning of citizenship, the challenges posed to it by multiculturalism, and the continuing relevance or otherwise of republicanism as an ideology capable of shaping public policy. It looks in particular at debates about the merits of neo-liberalism and economic globalisation (focusing upon the writings of Pierre Bourdieu and his critics) and about the principle of laïcité as it applies to the State educational system. The conclusion closes with reference to the controversy associated with the wearing of the hijab and burqa in French society and asks whether a republican conception of citizenship capable of responding appropriately to such a situation.
Tim Markham
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719085284
- eISBN:
- 9781781702642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085284.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter pins down what can defensibly be described as a Bourdieusian heuristic model. It presents the working definitions for some of the core concepts in Bourdieusian theory. This is followed ...
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This chapter pins down what can defensibly be described as a Bourdieusian heuristic model. It presents the working definitions for some of the core concepts in Bourdieusian theory. This is followed by locating Pierre Bourdieu in the context of a tradition in philosophy and political theory which aims to reconcile structuralism and phenomenology. Bourdieu draws on the phenomenological principles of Alfred Schutz. For Bourdieu, Martin Heidegger's rise to prominence does not amount to a philosophical revolution, but the overthrow of specific philosophical tenets, necessary to effect a generational shift of authority, and masking the enduring supremacy of a particular reading of neo-Kantian philosophy. John Simpson is very much an individual, but one whose individuation proceeded from a generative set of principles held in common by those collectively oriented by class habitus. The sociological construction of habitus is the reconstruction of the logic.Less
This chapter pins down what can defensibly be described as a Bourdieusian heuristic model. It presents the working definitions for some of the core concepts in Bourdieusian theory. This is followed by locating Pierre Bourdieu in the context of a tradition in philosophy and political theory which aims to reconcile structuralism and phenomenology. Bourdieu draws on the phenomenological principles of Alfred Schutz. For Bourdieu, Martin Heidegger's rise to prominence does not amount to a philosophical revolution, but the overthrow of specific philosophical tenets, necessary to effect a generational shift of authority, and masking the enduring supremacy of a particular reading of neo-Kantian philosophy. John Simpson is very much an individual, but one whose individuation proceeded from a generative set of principles held in common by those collectively oriented by class habitus. The sociological construction of habitus is the reconstruction of the logic.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846312458
- eISBN:
- 9781846316081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846312458.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This chapter discusses the problematics of ‘common’ and ‘general’ culture within French education policy development. It also examines the commission for setting up educational reforms and the ...
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This chapter discusses the problematics of ‘common’ and ‘general’ culture within French education policy development. It also examines the commission for setting up educational reforms and the involvement of Paul Langevin and Henri Wallon (1944–47), Pierre Bourdieu (1985 and 1989) and Edgar Morin (1998).Less
This chapter discusses the problematics of ‘common’ and ‘general’ culture within French education policy development. It also examines the commission for setting up educational reforms and the involvement of Paul Langevin and Henri Wallon (1944–47), Pierre Bourdieu (1985 and 1989) and Edgar Morin (1998).
Iris Marion Young
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195392388
- eISBN:
- 9780199866625
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195392388.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter focuses on a specific kind of moral wrong—structural injustice—which is distinct from wrongs traceable to specific individual actions or policies. The chapter is organized as follows. ...
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This chapter focuses on a specific kind of moral wrong—structural injustice—which is distinct from wrongs traceable to specific individual actions or policies. The chapter is organized as follows. Section I explains these distinctions between types of wrong and expands on the example of the lack of affordable housing to illustrate the concept of structural injustice. Section II conceptualizes social-structural processes by drawing on the ideas of several social theorists, including Anthony Giddens, Pierre Bourdieu, and Jean–Paul Sartre. Section III returns to reflection on injustice by recalling John Rawls's claim that the subject of justice is the basic structure of society. It examines critiques of this claim that argue that Rawls too starkly separates institutional justice from individual action. It is argued that in order properly to respond to these critiques, a conception of justice needs to revise an understanding of what it means to say that the subject of justice is structure.Less
This chapter focuses on a specific kind of moral wrong—structural injustice—which is distinct from wrongs traceable to specific individual actions or policies. The chapter is organized as follows. Section I explains these distinctions between types of wrong and expands on the example of the lack of affordable housing to illustrate the concept of structural injustice. Section II conceptualizes social-structural processes by drawing on the ideas of several social theorists, including Anthony Giddens, Pierre Bourdieu, and Jean–Paul Sartre. Section III returns to reflection on injustice by recalling John Rawls's claim that the subject of justice is the basic structure of society. It examines critiques of this claim that argue that Rawls too starkly separates institutional justice from individual action. It is argued that in order properly to respond to these critiques, a conception of justice needs to revise an understanding of what it means to say that the subject of justice is structure.
Michael Lucey
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781789620658
- eISBN:
- 9781789623918
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620658.003.0015
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This chapter makes the case that Proust's Recherche offers a way of perceiving how our pleasure in aesthetic objects (novels, septets) can, when viewed from the appropriate angle, reveal the ...
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This chapter makes the case that Proust's Recherche offers a way of perceiving how our pleasure in aesthetic objects (novels, septets) can, when viewed from the appropriate angle, reveal the topography of the social world through which we must all necessarily find our way. How might the experience of a particularly social level of reality be communicated in a novel? The social world can be understood in Bourdieusian terms as a space of immanent tendencies, one in which some people are more likely to follow one kind of social trajectory than another. Proust’s novel shares with Bourdieu’s sociology an interest in how a work of art, being the product of a social world, can on occasion serve as an instrument that reveals something of the immanent structures that contribute to the shape of the social topography around it. It does so by producing differential effects on its public. The Vinteuil Septet is presented in the Recherche as a work that has this kind of differential social effect: by producing different effects on different listeners it becomes a diagnostic instrument revealing the social topography around it. Less
This chapter makes the case that Proust's Recherche offers a way of perceiving how our pleasure in aesthetic objects (novels, septets) can, when viewed from the appropriate angle, reveal the topography of the social world through which we must all necessarily find our way. How might the experience of a particularly social level of reality be communicated in a novel? The social world can be understood in Bourdieusian terms as a space of immanent tendencies, one in which some people are more likely to follow one kind of social trajectory than another. Proust’s novel shares with Bourdieu’s sociology an interest in how a work of art, being the product of a social world, can on occasion serve as an instrument that reveals something of the immanent structures that contribute to the shape of the social topography around it. It does so by producing differential effects on its public. The Vinteuil Septet is presented in the Recherche as a work that has this kind of differential social effect: by producing different effects on different listeners it becomes a diagnostic instrument revealing the social topography around it.
Tim Markham
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719085284
- eISBN:
- 9781781702642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085284.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book addresses the importance of war reporting. The phenomenological premise of this book is that conscious experience of the world is not pre-given but determined by the multiple contexts in ...
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This book addresses the importance of war reporting. The phenomenological premise of this book is that conscious experience of the world is not pre-given but determined by the multiple contexts in which humans are situated—material, economic, historical, social, cultural and mediated. War reporting is traditionally conceived in terms of information retrieval and processing structured according to wider cultural values such as bearing witness, giving voice and holding power to account. Pierre Bourdieu's corpus of work is strongly interdisciplinary, combining qualitative and quantitative research methodology with a theoretical framework that draws on sociology, anthropology, philosophy, political science and the history of ideas. The key concepts of Bourdieu's work are considered. His stated views on journalism are also explained. He defends the idea of esotericism in the cultural sphere. Finally, an overview of the chapters included in this book is shown.Less
This book addresses the importance of war reporting. The phenomenological premise of this book is that conscious experience of the world is not pre-given but determined by the multiple contexts in which humans are situated—material, economic, historical, social, cultural and mediated. War reporting is traditionally conceived in terms of information retrieval and processing structured according to wider cultural values such as bearing witness, giving voice and holding power to account. Pierre Bourdieu's corpus of work is strongly interdisciplinary, combining qualitative and quantitative research methodology with a theoretical framework that draws on sociology, anthropology, philosophy, political science and the history of ideas. The key concepts of Bourdieu's work are considered. His stated views on journalism are also explained. He defends the idea of esotericism in the cultural sphere. Finally, an overview of the chapters included in this book is shown.
Tim Markham
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719085284
- eISBN:
- 9781781702642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085284.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter evaluates the relative merits of a Bourdieusian perspective on journalism and war reporting. It concentrates on the politics underlying the lived aspects of journalism that ‘just are’. ...
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This chapter evaluates the relative merits of a Bourdieusian perspective on journalism and war reporting. It concentrates on the politics underlying the lived aspects of journalism that ‘just are’. It then turns to a reflexive appraisal of Bourdieusian political phenomenology. News values, ethics and journalistic dispositions do not emerge naturally out of the stuff of journalism, but they do have reason. Job insecurity can likewise be seen in terms of strategic positioning or distinction. The Bourdieusian approach to studying journalism clearly has its uses. Pierre Bourdieu is frequently categorised as adjacent to post-structuralist theory. A distinction needs to be drawn between a putative ideology, identity and culture of journalism. The interviews did not run to detailed life histories, but they did seek to establish why entering the journalistic field made sense to a respondent, why it seemed a logical or natural step to take.Less
This chapter evaluates the relative merits of a Bourdieusian perspective on journalism and war reporting. It concentrates on the politics underlying the lived aspects of journalism that ‘just are’. It then turns to a reflexive appraisal of Bourdieusian political phenomenology. News values, ethics and journalistic dispositions do not emerge naturally out of the stuff of journalism, but they do have reason. Job insecurity can likewise be seen in terms of strategic positioning or distinction. The Bourdieusian approach to studying journalism clearly has its uses. Pierre Bourdieu is frequently categorised as adjacent to post-structuralist theory. A distinction needs to be drawn between a putative ideology, identity and culture of journalism. The interviews did not run to detailed life histories, but they did seek to establish why entering the journalistic field made sense to a respondent, why it seemed a logical or natural step to take.
Shai M. Dromi
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226680101
- eISBN:
- 9780226680385
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226680385.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Comparative and Historical Sociology
Humanitarian NGOs receive wide support from donors, policymakers, and diplomats, despite a lively scholarly debate about their effectiveness and ethical grounding. How did the humanitarian NGO sector ...
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Humanitarian NGOs receive wide support from donors, policymakers, and diplomats, despite a lively scholarly debate about their effectiveness and ethical grounding. How did the humanitarian NGO sector attain such an unusually trusted status? The introduction examines this question in light of existing work on the history and sociology of humanitarian work. It focuses on the central role religion has played in long-distance humanitarian projects, and highlights the mid-nineteenth-century as a key turning point in the development of the humanitarian NGO sector. Building on the work of Pierre Bourdieu and on the Strong Program in Cultural Sociology, the introduction argues that the humanitarian NGO sector achieved its prominent international status through a set of cultural and religious processes occurring in the second half of the nineteenth-century.Less
Humanitarian NGOs receive wide support from donors, policymakers, and diplomats, despite a lively scholarly debate about their effectiveness and ethical grounding. How did the humanitarian NGO sector attain such an unusually trusted status? The introduction examines this question in light of existing work on the history and sociology of humanitarian work. It focuses on the central role religion has played in long-distance humanitarian projects, and highlights the mid-nineteenth-century as a key turning point in the development of the humanitarian NGO sector. Building on the work of Pierre Bourdieu and on the Strong Program in Cultural Sociology, the introduction argues that the humanitarian NGO sector achieved its prominent international status through a set of cultural and religious processes occurring in the second half of the nineteenth-century.
Edward J. Hughes
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199609864
- eISBN:
- 9780191731761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609864.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
The chapter sets out to demonstrate how Pierre Bourdieu’s claim that ‘taste classifies, and it classifies the classifier’ finds a powerful literary instantiation in Proust’s Un amour de Swann. It is ...
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The chapter sets out to demonstrate how Pierre Bourdieu’s claim that ‘taste classifies, and it classifies the classifier’ finds a powerful literary instantiation in Proust’s Un amour de Swann. It is argued that in tracking the intensity of Charles Swann’s obsessive love for his social inferior Odette de Crécy, Proust’s Narrator is simultaneously drawn into a reconstruction of powerful aggressions that cluster tightly around issues to do with class, taste, and cultural production. The chapter attempts to show that the bourgeois teller is also drawn into the prescriptiveness and thereby comes, applying Bourdieu’s formulation, to classify himself. Yet the Narrator’s own judgements and those of other characters become a textually productive activity and demonstrate the workings of a form of social psychoanalysis.Less
The chapter sets out to demonstrate how Pierre Bourdieu’s claim that ‘taste classifies, and it classifies the classifier’ finds a powerful literary instantiation in Proust’s Un amour de Swann. It is argued that in tracking the intensity of Charles Swann’s obsessive love for his social inferior Odette de Crécy, Proust’s Narrator is simultaneously drawn into a reconstruction of powerful aggressions that cluster tightly around issues to do with class, taste, and cultural production. The chapter attempts to show that the bourgeois teller is also drawn into the prescriptiveness and thereby comes, applying Bourdieu’s formulation, to classify himself. Yet the Narrator’s own judgements and those of other characters become a textually productive activity and demonstrate the workings of a form of social psychoanalysis.
Sam Cherribi
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199734115
- eISBN:
- 9780199866113
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734115.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
The concluding chapter assumes that it is possible to dismantle the trifecta of coercion, and if we’re going to save the individuality that our rapidly developing world will so desperately need in ...
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The concluding chapter assumes that it is possible to dismantle the trifecta of coercion, and if we’re going to save the individuality that our rapidly developing world will so desperately need in order to escape fascism, violence, and inequality, we have to alleviate the pressures that perfect that trifecta. Only an inclusive “we” can lead to higher levels of integration without destroying the individual. Europe has to transgress the religious, philosophical, cultural, and political boundaries that are now paradoxically trapping it due to political reasons that have more to do with exclusion than inclusion. Europe can save the democratic state through a new civilizing process that gives the political and scientific means for the emergence of a modern European Islam that fits harmoniously with the grand secular design of Europe while maintaining its faith.Less
The concluding chapter assumes that it is possible to dismantle the trifecta of coercion, and if we’re going to save the individuality that our rapidly developing world will so desperately need in order to escape fascism, violence, and inequality, we have to alleviate the pressures that perfect that trifecta. Only an inclusive “we” can lead to higher levels of integration without destroying the individual. Europe has to transgress the religious, philosophical, cultural, and political boundaries that are now paradoxically trapping it due to political reasons that have more to do with exclusion than inclusion. Europe can save the democratic state through a new civilizing process that gives the political and scientific means for the emergence of a modern European Islam that fits harmoniously with the grand secular design of Europe while maintaining its faith.
Samia Mehrez
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774163746
- eISBN:
- 9781617970399
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774163746.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This work presents original research on cultural politics and battles in Egypt at the turn of the twenty-first century. It deconstructs the boundaries between “high” and “low” culture, drawing on ...
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This work presents original research on cultural politics and battles in Egypt at the turn of the twenty-first century. It deconstructs the boundaries between “high” and “low” culture, drawing on conceptual tools in cultural studies, translation studies, and gender studies to analyze debates in the fields of literature, cinema, mass media, and the plastic arts. Anchored in the Egyptian historical and social contexts and inspired by the influential work of Pierre Bourdieu, it rigorously places these debates and battles within the larger framework of a set of questions about the relationship between the cultural and political fields in Egypt.Less
This work presents original research on cultural politics and battles in Egypt at the turn of the twenty-first century. It deconstructs the boundaries between “high” and “low” culture, drawing on conceptual tools in cultural studies, translation studies, and gender studies to analyze debates in the fields of literature, cinema, mass media, and the plastic arts. Anchored in the Egyptian historical and social contexts and inspired by the influential work of Pierre Bourdieu, it rigorously places these debates and battles within the larger framework of a set of questions about the relationship between the cultural and political fields in Egypt.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226309903
- eISBN:
- 9780226309910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226309910.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, American Philosophy
What is true of Richard Rorty is true of all other intellectuals: they are persons no less impinged upon by social mechanisms and processes than any other. This chapter outlines the major theoretical ...
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What is true of Richard Rorty is true of all other intellectuals: they are persons no less impinged upon by social mechanisms and processes than any other. This chapter outlines the major theoretical frameworks currently available to sociologists of ideas—those of Pierre Bourdieu and Randall Collins. Without questioning that the theories they have developed offer explanatory purchase over a range of intellectual phenomena, the chapter suggests that both frameworks are deficient in a crucial respect—their theorization, or lack thereof, of the intellectual self. To remedy this deficiency, the chapter lays out a complementary theory of how and why individual thinkers make some of the intellectual choices they do—what it calls the theory of intellectual self-concept.Less
What is true of Richard Rorty is true of all other intellectuals: they are persons no less impinged upon by social mechanisms and processes than any other. This chapter outlines the major theoretical frameworks currently available to sociologists of ideas—those of Pierre Bourdieu and Randall Collins. Without questioning that the theories they have developed offer explanatory purchase over a range of intellectual phenomena, the chapter suggests that both frameworks are deficient in a crucial respect—their theorization, or lack thereof, of the intellectual self. To remedy this deficiency, the chapter lays out a complementary theory of how and why individual thinkers make some of the intellectual choices they do—what it calls the theory of intellectual self-concept.
Prudence L. Carter
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195168624
- eISBN:
- 9780199943968
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195168624.003.0017
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter examines how and why race, ethnicity, and culture influence students' academic behaviors. It discuss Pierre Bourdieu's cultural capital theory, which explains how the cultural codes and ...
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This chapter examines how and why race, ethnicity, and culture influence students' academic behaviors. It discuss Pierre Bourdieu's cultural capital theory, which explains how the cultural codes and symbols of high status or dominant social groups become integral in the practices and sensibilities of schools and other social organizations and consequently how these cultural practices yield advantages disproportionately to members of those particular groups. It describes how low-income African American and Latino students negotiate their usage of both dominant and non-dominant cultural capital.Less
This chapter examines how and why race, ethnicity, and culture influence students' academic behaviors. It discuss Pierre Bourdieu's cultural capital theory, which explains how the cultural codes and symbols of high status or dominant social groups become integral in the practices and sensibilities of schools and other social organizations and consequently how these cultural practices yield advantages disproportionately to members of those particular groups. It describes how low-income African American and Latino students negotiate their usage of both dominant and non-dominant cultural capital.
