Ken Lodge
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748625659
- eISBN:
- 9780748671410
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625659.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
An investigation of the criteria needed to determine sameness and difference in the classification of items of phonological relevance. Reliance on phonetic substance and meaningful contrast as the ...
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An investigation of the criteria needed to determine sameness and difference in the classification of items of phonological relevance. Reliance on phonetic substance and meaningful contrast as the criteria for phonological analysis is insufficient; an appeal to the function of the items to be classified is also necessary in many cases. A declarative account of phonology is proposed which is nonsegmental and polysystemic; derivation is excluded from the grammar. What counts as the same phonological item is investigated in a number of phenomena in different languages. Separate chapters are devoted to the issues of biuniqueness and monosystemicity, segmentation, and phonetic implementation and abstractness; a final chapter deals with panlectal grammars.Less
An investigation of the criteria needed to determine sameness and difference in the classification of items of phonological relevance. Reliance on phonetic substance and meaningful contrast as the criteria for phonological analysis is insufficient; an appeal to the function of the items to be classified is also necessary in many cases. A declarative account of phonology is proposed which is nonsegmental and polysystemic; derivation is excluded from the grammar. What counts as the same phonological item is investigated in a number of phenomena in different languages. Separate chapters are devoted to the issues of biuniqueness and monosystemicity, segmentation, and phonetic implementation and abstractness; a final chapter deals with panlectal grammars.
Karen Corrigan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748634286
- eISBN:
- 9780748671441
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748634286.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This book focuses on the sociolinguistic consequences of historical contact between indigenous Irish peoples and newer English and Scottish settlers in what is now the territory of Northern Ireland ...
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This book focuses on the sociolinguistic consequences of historical contact between indigenous Irish peoples and newer English and Scottish settlers in what is now the territory of Northern Ireland (NI). The contact varieties that resulted represent the oldest L2 ‘Englishes’ globally. Moreover, the degree of admixture from English, Irish and Scots in the contemporary dialects of NI reflects various external forces. Naturally, these varieties share certain structural features with sister Celtic Englishes and indeed with other vernacular Englishes globally (partly because of extensive emigration from NI post-1700 and partly due to universal tendencies of various types). However, there are other linguistic traits that seem to be unique and therefore essentially local. Irish English, Volume 1: Northern Ireland aims to provide insights into the evolution of language in 21st century NI and to promote an understanding of linguistic diversity in this region in the context of World Englishes.Less
This book focuses on the sociolinguistic consequences of historical contact between indigenous Irish peoples and newer English and Scottish settlers in what is now the territory of Northern Ireland (NI). The contact varieties that resulted represent the oldest L2 ‘Englishes’ globally. Moreover, the degree of admixture from English, Irish and Scots in the contemporary dialects of NI reflects various external forces. Naturally, these varieties share certain structural features with sister Celtic Englishes and indeed with other vernacular Englishes globally (partly because of extensive emigration from NI post-1700 and partly due to universal tendencies of various types). However, there are other linguistic traits that seem to be unique and therefore essentially local. Irish English, Volume 1: Northern Ireland aims to provide insights into the evolution of language in 21st century NI and to promote an understanding of linguistic diversity in this region in the context of World Englishes.
Jeff MacSwan and Sonia Colina
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262027892
- eISBN:
- 9780262320351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027892.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
As an empirical evaluation of the MacSwan’s (1999) PF Disjunction Theorem, reformulated here in Optimality Theoretic terms as the PF Interface Condition, this paper investigates the question of ...
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As an empirical evaluation of the MacSwan’s (1999) PF Disjunction Theorem, reformulated here in Optimality Theoretic terms as the PF Interface Condition, this paper investigates the question of whether bilinguals mix phonologies in codeswitching contexts under two conditions: (a) when relevant phonological constraint rankings introduce a ranking paradox crosslinguistically; and (b) when they do not. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 tested whether Spanish intervocalic approximant (traditionally fricative) allophones of /b, d, g/ would occur in codeswitching contexts when situated between an English vowel and a Spanish vowel at word boundaries (e.g., Hablamos de mi ghost yesterday). Experiment 2 evaluated whether a word-initial English segment may serve as a trigger for Spanish /s/-voicing (e.g., mis ghosts) which shares its internal ranking with English. In Experiment 1 the Spanish process was not triggered on English words. In Experiment 2, a word-initial English voiced consonant was found to trigger voicing assimi-lation in Spanish. Results indicate that phonological processes accept triggers from another language at word boundaries, but do not modify structure crosslinguistically: Spanish phonological processes cannot be triggered to modify English segments. This generalization is true regardless of whether the specific process involves a ranking paradox (as in Experiment 1) or not (as in Experiment 2). Results support the conclusion that phonological rankings are contained within discretely represented phonological systems, and crosslinguistic differences among constraint rankings relevant to specific phonological processes are sufficient to constitute a ranking paradox for the purpose of the PF Interface Condition when the same constraints are ranked differentlyLess
As an empirical evaluation of the MacSwan’s (1999) PF Disjunction Theorem, reformulated here in Optimality Theoretic terms as the PF Interface Condition, this paper investigates the question of whether bilinguals mix phonologies in codeswitching contexts under two conditions: (a) when relevant phonological constraint rankings introduce a ranking paradox crosslinguistically; and (b) when they do not. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 tested whether Spanish intervocalic approximant (traditionally fricative) allophones of /b, d, g/ would occur in codeswitching contexts when situated between an English vowel and a Spanish vowel at word boundaries (e.g., Hablamos de mi ghost yesterday). Experiment 2 evaluated whether a word-initial English segment may serve as a trigger for Spanish /s/-voicing (e.g., mis ghosts) which shares its internal ranking with English. In Experiment 1 the Spanish process was not triggered on English words. In Experiment 2, a word-initial English voiced consonant was found to trigger voicing assimi-lation in Spanish. Results indicate that phonological processes accept triggers from another language at word boundaries, but do not modify structure crosslinguistically: Spanish phonological processes cannot be triggered to modify English segments. This generalization is true regardless of whether the specific process involves a ranking paradox (as in Experiment 1) or not (as in Experiment 2). Results support the conclusion that phonological rankings are contained within discretely represented phonological systems, and crosslinguistic differences among constraint rankings relevant to specific phonological processes are sufficient to constitute a ranking paradox for the purpose of the PF Interface Condition when the same constraints are ranked differently
Harry van der Hulst
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- August 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198813576
- eISBN:
- 9780191851407
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198813576.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back ...
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This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.Less
This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.
Bridget D. Samuels
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199694358
- eISBN:
- 9780191731891
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694358.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology, Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics / Cognitive Linguistics
‘A Minimalist Program for Phonology’ defines the computational system commonly known as phonology, and establishes methodology. It provides an introduction to linguistic minimalism and discusses the ...
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‘A Minimalist Program for Phonology’ defines the computational system commonly known as phonology, and establishes methodology. It provides an introduction to linguistic minimalism and discusses the implications for phonology that stem from the Minimalist Program and the Galilean approach to phonology, as well as a discussion of markedness and the relationship between diachronic and synchronic phonological explanation.Less
‘A Minimalist Program for Phonology’ defines the computational system commonly known as phonology, and establishes methodology. It provides an introduction to linguistic minimalism and discusses the implications for phonology that stem from the Minimalist Program and the Galilean approach to phonology, as well as a discussion of markedness and the relationship between diachronic and synchronic phonological explanation.
Bridget D. Samuels
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199694358
- eISBN:
- 9780191731891
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694358.003.0004
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology, Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics / Cognitive Linguistics
‘The Syntax-Phonology Interface’ presents a theory of how syntax, phonology, and morphology interact in a cyclic manner, based on the Lexical Phonology, Derivation by Phase and Distributed Morphology ...
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‘The Syntax-Phonology Interface’ presents a theory of how syntax, phonology, and morphology interact in a cyclic manner, based on the Lexical Phonology, Derivation by Phase and Distributed Morphology frameworks. Phenomena discussed include cyclic spell-out and the Phase Impenetrability Condition, locality restrictions in morphology and phonology, lexical and post-lexical rules, and the prosodic hierarchy.Less
‘The Syntax-Phonology Interface’ presents a theory of how syntax, phonology, and morphology interact in a cyclic manner, based on the Lexical Phonology, Derivation by Phase and Distributed Morphology frameworks. Phenomena discussed include cyclic spell-out and the Phase Impenetrability Condition, locality restrictions in morphology and phonology, lexical and post-lexical rules, and the prosodic hierarchy.
Mark Gibson and Juana Gil (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198739401
- eISBN:
- 9780191802423
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198739401.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology, Language Families
The research in this volume addresses several recurring topics in Romance Phonetics and Phonology with a special focus on the segment, syllable, word, and phrase levels of analysis. The original ...
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The research in this volume addresses several recurring topics in Romance Phonetics and Phonology with a special focus on the segment, syllable, word, and phrase levels of analysis. The original research presented in this volume ranges from the low-level mechanical processes involved in speech production and perception to high-level representation and computation. The interaction between these two dimensions of speech and their effects on first- and second-language acquisition are methodically treated in later chapters. Individual chapters address rhotics in various languages (Spanish, Italian, and Brazilian Portuguese), both taps and trills, singleton and geminate; vowel nasalization and associated changes; sibilants and fricatives, the ways in which vowels are affected by their position; there are explorations of diphthongs and consonant clusters in Romanian; variant consonant production in three Catalan dialects; voice quality discrimination in Italian by native speakers of Spanish; mutual language perception by French and Spanish native speakers of each other’s language; poetry recitation (vis-à-vis rhotics in particular); French prosodic structure; glide modifications and pre-voicing in onsets in Spanish and Catalan; vowel reduction in Galician; and detailed investigations of bilinguals’ language acquisition. A number of experimental methods are employed to address the topics under study including both acoustic and articulatory data; electropalatography (EPG), ultrasound, electromagnetic articulography (EMA).Less
The research in this volume addresses several recurring topics in Romance Phonetics and Phonology with a special focus on the segment, syllable, word, and phrase levels of analysis. The original research presented in this volume ranges from the low-level mechanical processes involved in speech production and perception to high-level representation and computation. The interaction between these two dimensions of speech and their effects on first- and second-language acquisition are methodically treated in later chapters. Individual chapters address rhotics in various languages (Spanish, Italian, and Brazilian Portuguese), both taps and trills, singleton and geminate; vowel nasalization and associated changes; sibilants and fricatives, the ways in which vowels are affected by their position; there are explorations of diphthongs and consonant clusters in Romanian; variant consonant production in three Catalan dialects; voice quality discrimination in Italian by native speakers of Spanish; mutual language perception by French and Spanish native speakers of each other’s language; poetry recitation (vis-à-vis rhotics in particular); French prosodic structure; glide modifications and pre-voicing in onsets in Spanish and Catalan; vowel reduction in Galician; and detailed investigations of bilinguals’ language acquisition. A number of experimental methods are employed to address the topics under study including both acoustic and articulatory data; electropalatography (EPG), ultrasound, electromagnetic articulography (EMA).
Karen P. Corrigan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748634286
- eISBN:
- 9780748671441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748634286.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter focuses on the distinctive phonological systems of accent types found in Northern Ireland and outlines the characteristics of Mid Ulster English, South Ulster English and Ulster Scots. ...
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This chapter focuses on the distinctive phonological systems of accent types found in Northern Ireland and outlines the characteristics of Mid Ulster English, South Ulster English and Ulster Scots. The analysis is based on recent recordings of word list, reading passage and interview data from a range of informants representing different regional and social backgrounds. There is a considerable body of scholarship on the phonetics/phonology/prosody of these varieties and we are fortunate that several large-scale phonological surveys have been conducted on them (often using sophisticated sociolinguistic/dialectological methodologies and frameworks of interpretation). However, these largely reflect urban Belfast and other urban/rural varieties of the 1970s and 1980s. The new materials presented here extend our knowledge of innovations that have happened subsequently and change in progress.Less
This chapter focuses on the distinctive phonological systems of accent types found in Northern Ireland and outlines the characteristics of Mid Ulster English, South Ulster English and Ulster Scots. The analysis is based on recent recordings of word list, reading passage and interview data from a range of informants representing different regional and social backgrounds. There is a considerable body of scholarship on the phonetics/phonology/prosody of these varieties and we are fortunate that several large-scale phonological surveys have been conducted on them (often using sophisticated sociolinguistic/dialectological methodologies and frameworks of interpretation). However, these largely reflect urban Belfast and other urban/rural varieties of the 1970s and 1980s. The new materials presented here extend our knowledge of innovations that have happened subsequently and change in progress.
Karen P. Corrigan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748634286
- eISBN:
- 9780748671441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748634286.003.0006
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter provides two bibliographical resources: (i) an annotated bibliography of works on Northern Irish English and (ii) a general bibliography of works cited passim. The annotated bibliography ...
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This chapter provides two bibliographical resources: (i) an annotated bibliography of works on Northern Irish English and (ii) a general bibliography of works cited passim. The annotated bibliography is an important research tool in that it offers a critical overview of research on different aspects of this field of study highlighting gaps, points of congruence amongst authors and important debates in the scholarship.Less
This chapter provides two bibliographical resources: (i) an annotated bibliography of works on Northern Irish English and (ii) a general bibliography of works cited passim. The annotated bibliography is an important research tool in that it offers a critical overview of research on different aspects of this field of study highlighting gaps, points of congruence amongst authors and important debates in the scholarship.
Jennifer Bann and John Corbett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748643059
- eISBN:
- 9781474416085
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643059.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
This chapter begins a more detailed description of the developments outlined in brief in the introduction. In particular, it details the development of the consonant graphemes that were used in the ...
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This chapter begins a more detailed description of the developments outlined in brief in the introduction. In particular, it details the development of the consonant graphemes that were used in the Older Scots period (1375–1700). The discussion in this chapter considers Older Scots phonology insofar as it impacts on spelling; a much more detailed discussion of the phonological system of Older Scots can be found in Johnston (1997a).Less
This chapter begins a more detailed description of the developments outlined in brief in the introduction. In particular, it details the development of the consonant graphemes that were used in the Older Scots period (1375–1700). The discussion in this chapter considers Older Scots phonology insofar as it impacts on spelling; a much more detailed discussion of the phonological system of Older Scots can be found in Johnston (1997a).
Ellen M. Kaisse
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262083799
- eISBN:
- 9780262274890
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262083799.003.0009
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Lexicography
Phonological processes are generally opaque, a well-known problem for two-level, nonderivational theories such as standard Optimality Theory (OT). A variety of solutions have been proposed to address ...
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Phonological processes are generally opaque, a well-known problem for two-level, nonderivational theories such as standard Optimality Theory (OT). A variety of solutions have been proposed to address this problem, including one by John McCarthy (1999a), who provided the first comprehensive attempt to treat opacity with the same single enrichment to standard OT: “Sympathy.” McCarthy predicts that natural languages contain distinct, rather than similar, processes which respectively do and do not opacify a third process, a view which this chapter examines using data from Rio Negro Argentinian Spanish involving a sometimes-opaque interaction between a coda-based process and resyllabification into onset. It first considers opacity in a multistratal derivational framework (Lexical Phonology) and then shows that it meets the description of two processes violating the same faithfulness constraint, but does not comply with McCarthy's prediction. The chapter argues that sympathy cannot handle all cases of opacity in OT, and also looks at the derivational account based on Lexical Phonology's division between lexical and postlexical strata.Less
Phonological processes are generally opaque, a well-known problem for two-level, nonderivational theories such as standard Optimality Theory (OT). A variety of solutions have been proposed to address this problem, including one by John McCarthy (1999a), who provided the first comprehensive attempt to treat opacity with the same single enrichment to standard OT: “Sympathy.” McCarthy predicts that natural languages contain distinct, rather than similar, processes which respectively do and do not opacify a third process, a view which this chapter examines using data from Rio Negro Argentinian Spanish involving a sometimes-opaque interaction between a coda-based process and resyllabification into onset. It first considers opacity in a multistratal derivational framework (Lexical Phonology) and then shows that it meets the description of two processes violating the same faithfulness constraint, but does not comply with McCarthy's prediction. The chapter argues that sympathy cannot handle all cases of opacity in OT, and also looks at the derivational account based on Lexical Phonology's division between lexical and postlexical strata.
Eric Raimy
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262182706
- eISBN:
- 9780262255325
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262182706.003.0019
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter examines reduplicative templates and how they can be straightforwardly derived from general principles regarding the modular organization of grammar, computations in phonology, and ...
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This chapter examines reduplicative templates and how they can be straightforwardly derived from general principles regarding the modular organization of grammar, computations in phonology, and language acquisition. It outlines the Precedence-Based Phonology (PBP) model of reduplication in comparison with Prosodic Morphology and discusses how the formal representation of reduplication accounts for reduplicative templates. It also demonstrates how a modular approach to morphology and phonology immediately derives the surface appearance of prosodic templates, considers language acquisition in relation to common versus uncommon reduplication patterns, and describes the minimalist theoretical machinery in PBP.Less
This chapter examines reduplicative templates and how they can be straightforwardly derived from general principles regarding the modular organization of grammar, computations in phonology, and language acquisition. It outlines the Precedence-Based Phonology (PBP) model of reduplication in comparison with Prosodic Morphology and discusses how the formal representation of reduplication accounts for reduplicative templates. It also demonstrates how a modular approach to morphology and phonology immediately derives the surface appearance of prosodic templates, considers language acquisition in relation to common versus uncommon reduplication patterns, and describes the minimalist theoretical machinery in PBP.
Ray Jackendoff
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199328741
- eISBN:
- 9780199369355
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199328741.003.0009
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics / Cognitive Linguistics
This chapter examines the question of which aspects of language are uniquely human and uniquely linguistic in light of suggestions by Hauser, Chomsky, and Fitch that the only such aspect is syntactic ...
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This chapter examines the question of which aspects of language are uniquely human and uniquely linguistic in light of suggestions by Hauser, Chomsky, and Fitch that the only such aspect is syntactic recursion. The hypothesis is problematic. It ignores the many aspects of grammar that are not recursive, such as phonology, morphology, case, agreement, and many properties of words. It is inconsistent with the anatomy and neural control of the human vocal tract. The recursion-only claim appears to be motivated by Chomsky’s approach to syntax, the Minimalist Program, which de-emphasizes the same aspects of language. The approach, however, is sufficiently problematic that it cannot be used to support claims about evolution. This chapter contests related arguments that language is not an adaptation, namely that it is “perfect,” non-redundant, unusable in any partial form, and badly designed for communication. The hypothesis that language is a complex adaptation for communication which evolved piecemeal avoids these problems.Less
This chapter examines the question of which aspects of language are uniquely human and uniquely linguistic in light of suggestions by Hauser, Chomsky, and Fitch that the only such aspect is syntactic recursion. The hypothesis is problematic. It ignores the many aspects of grammar that are not recursive, such as phonology, morphology, case, agreement, and many properties of words. It is inconsistent with the anatomy and neural control of the human vocal tract. The recursion-only claim appears to be motivated by Chomsky’s approach to syntax, the Minimalist Program, which de-emphasizes the same aspects of language. The approach, however, is sufficiently problematic that it cannot be used to support claims about evolution. This chapter contests related arguments that language is not an adaptation, namely that it is “perfect,” non-redundant, unusable in any partial form, and badly designed for communication. The hypothesis that language is a complex adaptation for communication which evolved piecemeal avoids these problems.
Stephen R. Anderson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199678860
- eISBN:
- 9780191758089
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199678860.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Syntax and Morphology
This chapter continues the defence of the analysis of stem alternations in Swiss Rumantsch, especially in the Surmiran of Savognin and environs, as an instance of suppletion conditioned ...
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This chapter continues the defence of the analysis of stem alternations in Swiss Rumantsch, especially in the Surmiran of Savognin and environs, as an instance of suppletion conditioned phonologically (by predictable stress) rather than morphomically. The Surmiran evidence for this account is reviewed and formulated explicitly. Evidence from parallel alternations outside the verbal system is adduced, and arguments apparently favouring the morphomic analysis over the phonological one are rejected. Similar phenomena across the full range of Swiss Rumantsch are presented and shown to fall under the phonological account presented for Savognin Surmiran, and it is concluded that the languages of this group provide robust exemplification of the notion of phonologically conditioned allomorphy, rather than evidence for the significance of morphomes.Less
This chapter continues the defence of the analysis of stem alternations in Swiss Rumantsch, especially in the Surmiran of Savognin and environs, as an instance of suppletion conditioned phonologically (by predictable stress) rather than morphomically. The Surmiran evidence for this account is reviewed and formulated explicitly. Evidence from parallel alternations outside the verbal system is adduced, and arguments apparently favouring the morphomic analysis over the phonological one are rejected. Similar phenomena across the full range of Swiss Rumantsch are presented and shown to fall under the phonological account presented for Savognin Surmiran, and it is concluded that the languages of this group provide robust exemplification of the notion of phonologically conditioned allomorphy, rather than evidence for the significance of morphomes.
Peter Barber
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199680504
- eISBN:
- 9780191760525
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680504.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book is an investigation of how semivowels were realised in Indo-European and in early Greek. More specifically, it examines the extent to which Indo-European *i and *y were independent ...
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This book is an investigation of how semivowels were realised in Indo-European and in early Greek. More specifically, it examines the extent to which Indo-European *i and *y were independent phonemes, in what respects their alternation was predictable, and how this situation changed as Indo-European developed into Greek. Evidence from Greek, Germanic and Vedic are crucial for understanding the Indo-European situation; this book undertakes a re-examination of the evidence provided by Gothic and Vedic, and offers the first comprehensive survey of the Greek evidence. The impact of this evidence on the theories of Sievers, Edgerton, Lindeman, Schindler and Seebold is assessed. This inquiry has significant morphological as well as phonological components; a proper understanding of the early behaviour of semivowels depends on disentangling considerable morphological innovation in the comparative adjectives in *-yos-/-iyos-, the nominals in *-ye/o-, *-iye/o-, *-y-e/o-, *-i-(y)e/o-, and *-tye/o-, the feminine suffix *-ya, and verbal formations in *-ye/o- (and to a limited extent *-i-(y)e/o). The evidence provided by optatives in *-yeH 1- and morphological categories showing the effects of assibilation is also assessed. The comprehensive nature of this study, its sensitivity to questions of relative chronology, and careful assessment of what is inherited and what is innovative, enable substantive conclusions to be drawn regarding the behaviour of semivowels at various stages in the history of Greek and in Indo-European itself. In turn these conclusions bear on such questions as the interaction of semivowel syllabicity with syllable and foot structure, sandhi phenomena, and the moraic properties of obstruents (including laryngeals).Less
This book is an investigation of how semivowels were realised in Indo-European and in early Greek. More specifically, it examines the extent to which Indo-European *i and *y were independent phonemes, in what respects their alternation was predictable, and how this situation changed as Indo-European developed into Greek. Evidence from Greek, Germanic and Vedic are crucial for understanding the Indo-European situation; this book undertakes a re-examination of the evidence provided by Gothic and Vedic, and offers the first comprehensive survey of the Greek evidence. The impact of this evidence on the theories of Sievers, Edgerton, Lindeman, Schindler and Seebold is assessed. This inquiry has significant morphological as well as phonological components; a proper understanding of the early behaviour of semivowels depends on disentangling considerable morphological innovation in the comparative adjectives in *-yos-/-iyos-, the nominals in *-ye/o-, *-iye/o-, *-y-e/o-, *-i-(y)e/o-, and *-tye/o-, the feminine suffix *-ya, and verbal formations in *-ye/o- (and to a limited extent *-i-(y)e/o). The evidence provided by optatives in *-yeH 1- and morphological categories showing the effects of assibilation is also assessed. The comprehensive nature of this study, its sensitivity to questions of relative chronology, and careful assessment of what is inherited and what is innovative, enable substantive conclusions to be drawn regarding the behaviour of semivowels at various stages in the history of Greek and in Indo-European itself. In turn these conclusions bear on such questions as the interaction of semivowel syllabicity with syllable and foot structure, sandhi phenomena, and the moraic properties of obstruents (including laryngeals).
Sharon Inkelas
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190210304
- eISBN:
- 9780190210328
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210304.003.0011
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter explores the conditioning of allomorphy in Optimal Construction Morphology (OCM; Caballero & Inkelas 2013), a highly lexicalist theory of morphology. OCM differs from other lexicalist ...
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This chapter explores the conditioning of allomorphy in Optimal Construction Morphology (OCM; Caballero & Inkelas 2013), a highly lexicalist theory of morphology. OCM differs from other lexicalist theories (e.g. Lexical Morphology and Phonology; Kiparsky 1982) in having both top-down and bottom-up design features. OCM’s unique architecture generates novel predictions regarding the directionality and locality of conditioning of morphological operations. OCM predicts that allomorphy which is conditioned by arbitrary lexical properties of other morphs in the same word will exhibit an inside-out and potentially local character, whereas allomorphy which is conditioned by properties of the meaning of the word is subject to neither directionality nor locality considerations. This asymmetry arises from the fundamental claim in OCM that word formation is driven by an abstract meaning target, and is illustrated with case studies from Nanti, Nimboran, and Totonac.Less
This chapter explores the conditioning of allomorphy in Optimal Construction Morphology (OCM; Caballero & Inkelas 2013), a highly lexicalist theory of morphology. OCM differs from other lexicalist theories (e.g. Lexical Morphology and Phonology; Kiparsky 1982) in having both top-down and bottom-up design features. OCM’s unique architecture generates novel predictions regarding the directionality and locality of conditioning of morphological operations. OCM predicts that allomorphy which is conditioned by arbitrary lexical properties of other morphs in the same word will exhibit an inside-out and potentially local character, whereas allomorphy which is conditioned by properties of the meaning of the word is subject to neither directionality nor locality considerations. This asymmetry arises from the fundamental claim in OCM that word formation is driven by an abstract meaning target, and is illustrated with case studies from Nanti, Nimboran, and Totonac.
