BRUCE M. METZGER
- Published in print:
- 1977
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198261704
- eISBN:
- 9780191682209
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198261704.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Early Christian Studies
This chapter discusses the introduction of Christianity into Ethiopia and the early manuscripts of the Ethiopic version of the New Testament. Many modern scholars date the origin of the Ethiopic ...
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This chapter discusses the introduction of Christianity into Ethiopia and the early manuscripts of the Ethiopic version of the New Testament. Many modern scholars date the origin of the Ethiopic version to a time during the 5th century and/or 6th century, in connection with the missionary activity of the Nine Saints. Of the several thousand Ethiopic manuscripts in European and American collections, about three hundred contain the text of one of more books of the New Testament. This chapter also discusses the Ethiopic textual analyses of the Gospels such as the Acts of the Apostles, Pauline Epistles, Catholic Epistles and the Book of Revelations, and the limitations of Ethiopic in representing the Greek New Testament.Less
This chapter discusses the introduction of Christianity into Ethiopia and the early manuscripts of the Ethiopic version of the New Testament. Many modern scholars date the origin of the Ethiopic version to a time during the 5th century and/or 6th century, in connection with the missionary activity of the Nine Saints. Of the several thousand Ethiopic manuscripts in European and American collections, about three hundred contain the text of one of more books of the New Testament. This chapter also discusses the Ethiopic textual analyses of the Gospels such as the Acts of the Apostles, Pauline Epistles, Catholic Epistles and the Book of Revelations, and the limitations of Ethiopic in representing the Greek New Testament.
Geoffrey S. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199386789
- eISBN:
- 9780199386802
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199386789.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
Chapter 1 takes up the question of the origins of the early Christian heresy catalogue. If the earliest followers of Jesus did not make use of this polemical genre, where then did it come from? ...
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Chapter 1 takes up the question of the origins of the early Christian heresy catalogue. If the earliest followers of Jesus did not make use of this polemical genre, where then did it come from? Scholars often point to the Greek doxographic or “tenet writing” tradition as the literary forerunner of the Christian heresy catalogue. Yet although heresy catalogues resemble lists of philosophers and philosophical views in form, they function quite differently. Therefore, this chapter directs attention away from doxographies, to an earlier group of Christian writings composed in the name of the apostle Paul. The anonymous authors who produced texts like the Pastoral Epistles, the Epistle to the Laodiceans, and the Apocryphal Correspondence between Paul and the Corinthians initiated important shifts in the ways that Christians conceived of their opponents and thus paved the way for the introduction of the heresy catalogue a generation later.Less
Chapter 1 takes up the question of the origins of the early Christian heresy catalogue. If the earliest followers of Jesus did not make use of this polemical genre, where then did it come from? Scholars often point to the Greek doxographic or “tenet writing” tradition as the literary forerunner of the Christian heresy catalogue. Yet although heresy catalogues resemble lists of philosophers and philosophical views in form, they function quite differently. Therefore, this chapter directs attention away from doxographies, to an earlier group of Christian writings composed in the name of the apostle Paul. The anonymous authors who produced texts like the Pastoral Epistles, the Epistle to the Laodiceans, and the Apocryphal Correspondence between Paul and the Corinthians initiated important shifts in the ways that Christians conceived of their opponents and thus paved the way for the introduction of the heresy catalogue a generation later.
Edward A. Siecienski
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195372045
- eISBN:
- 9780199777297
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195372045.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Although the New Testament does not contain an explicit theology of the Spirit’s procession (as later theology would understand it), the Bible does contain several important pneumatological ...
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Although the New Testament does not contain an explicit theology of the Spirit’s procession (as later theology would understand it), the Bible does contain several important pneumatological principles that would later guide East and West in their respective claims vis-à-vis the filioque. This chapter examines those principles and the proof texts that both sides used to support their thinking on the procession. If East and West came to read these texts differently, it is perhaps understandable given the fact that very often the authors of the New Testament did not always express themselves with a great deal of precision, and that the various “movements” of trinitarian revelation contained in Scripture, read in isolation, easily lend themselves to diverse, and even incompatible, understandings of relationships within the Trinity.Less
Although the New Testament does not contain an explicit theology of the Spirit’s procession (as later theology would understand it), the Bible does contain several important pneumatological principles that would later guide East and West in their respective claims vis-à-vis the filioque. This chapter examines those principles and the proof texts that both sides used to support their thinking on the procession. If East and West came to read these texts differently, it is perhaps understandable given the fact that very often the authors of the New Testament did not always express themselves with a great deal of precision, and that the various “movements” of trinitarian revelation contained in Scripture, read in isolation, easily lend themselves to diverse, and even incompatible, understandings of relationships within the Trinity.
Felice Lifshitz
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823256877
- eISBN:
- 9780823261420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256877.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter discusses the famous full page crucifixion miniature in Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.f. 69 in relation to the text it was intended to introduce, namely, the letters of St. ...
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This chapter discusses the famous full page crucifixion miniature in Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.f. 69 in relation to the text it was intended to introduce, namely, the letters of St. Paul. The chapter argues that the key figures in the image (the large central figure amid a group in a boat, and the figure on the large central cross) represent both Paul and Jesus. The chapter identifies the many sources of inspiration used by the Kitzingen theologian-artist, including the Dittochaeon of Prudentius, Origen’s Homilies on Numbers, and a version of the Visio Pauli (Vision of St. Paul) very likely written at Kitzingen and certainly present in its library collection. A gendered analysis of this image shows how the theologian-artist generally emphasized the universal and thus gender-egalitarian nature of the message of Pauline Christianity, but also expressed views designed to support professed women’s central and active role in the ecclesiastical life of the Main Valley.Less
This chapter discusses the famous full page crucifixion miniature in Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.f. 69 in relation to the text it was intended to introduce, namely, the letters of St. Paul. The chapter argues that the key figures in the image (the large central figure amid a group in a boat, and the figure on the large central cross) represent both Paul and Jesus. The chapter identifies the many sources of inspiration used by the Kitzingen theologian-artist, including the Dittochaeon of Prudentius, Origen’s Homilies on Numbers, and a version of the Visio Pauli (Vision of St. Paul) very likely written at Kitzingen and certainly present in its library collection. A gendered analysis of this image shows how the theologian-artist generally emphasized the universal and thus gender-egalitarian nature of the message of Pauline Christianity, but also expressed views designed to support professed women’s central and active role in the ecclesiastical life of the Main Valley.
Peter C. Hodgson (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198754176
- eISBN:
- 9780191815904
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198754176.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Biblical Studies
Ferdinand Christian Baur (1792–1860), one of the great innovators in the study of the New Testament, argued that each of the books in the canon reflects the interests and tendencies of its author in ...
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Ferdinand Christian Baur (1792–1860), one of the great innovators in the study of the New Testament, argued that each of the books in the canon reflects the interests and tendencies of its author in a particular religio-historical milieu. A critique of the writings must precede any judgments about the historical validity of individual stories about Jesus in the Gospels. Thus Baur could move beyond the impasse created by Strauss’s Life of Jesus. Baur demonstrated that the Gospel of John is not a historical document comparable to the Synoptic Gospels and cannot be used to reconstruct the teaching of Jesus, and that the Synoptic Gospels must be read critically and selectively. He applied the same principles to the Epistles, arguing that only four are genuinely Pauline (Galatians, 1 and 2 Corinthians, and Romans). Baur’s Lectures on New Testament Theology, delivered in Tübingen during the 1850s, summarized thirty years of his research. The lectures begin with an Introduction on the concept, history, and organization of New Testament theology. Part One is devoted to the teaching of Jesus, which Baur finds most reliably in Matthew. Part Two presents the New Testament authors arranged chronologically in three periods. This book has been translated by Robert F. Brown, with an editorial introduction by Peter C. Hodgson.Less
Ferdinand Christian Baur (1792–1860), one of the great innovators in the study of the New Testament, argued that each of the books in the canon reflects the interests and tendencies of its author in a particular religio-historical milieu. A critique of the writings must precede any judgments about the historical validity of individual stories about Jesus in the Gospels. Thus Baur could move beyond the impasse created by Strauss’s Life of Jesus. Baur demonstrated that the Gospel of John is not a historical document comparable to the Synoptic Gospels and cannot be used to reconstruct the teaching of Jesus, and that the Synoptic Gospels must be read critically and selectively. He applied the same principles to the Epistles, arguing that only four are genuinely Pauline (Galatians, 1 and 2 Corinthians, and Romans). Baur’s Lectures on New Testament Theology, delivered in Tübingen during the 1850s, summarized thirty years of his research. The lectures begin with an Introduction on the concept, history, and organization of New Testament theology. Part One is devoted to the teaching of Jesus, which Baur finds most reliably in Matthew. Part Two presents the New Testament authors arranged chronologically in three periods. This book has been translated by Robert F. Brown, with an editorial introduction by Peter C. Hodgson.
Paul C. Gutjahr
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199740420
- eISBN:
- 9780199894703
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740420.003.0039
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
Chapter thirty-nine explores the Hodge family has it finally breaks up from its central Princeton location. With the marriages of A. A. and Mary, Hodge’s family began to disperse. Archie left with ...
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Chapter thirty-nine explores the Hodge family has it finally breaks up from its central Princeton location. With the marriages of A. A. and Mary, Hodge’s family began to disperse. Archie left with his wife for missionary work in India and Mary left with her husband as he took a seminary teaching position in Kentucky. When Mary got pregnant, Sarah Hodge made the long trip to Kentucky to help with the baby’s arrival. She did this against Hodge’s wishes, and in so doing illustrated the tension between Hodge’s biblical views on the role of women and the realities of having powerful women in his life.Less
Chapter thirty-nine explores the Hodge family has it finally breaks up from its central Princeton location. With the marriages of A. A. and Mary, Hodge’s family began to disperse. Archie left with his wife for missionary work in India and Mary left with her husband as he took a seminary teaching position in Kentucky. When Mary got pregnant, Sarah Hodge made the long trip to Kentucky to help with the baby’s arrival. She did this against Hodge’s wishes, and in so doing illustrated the tension between Hodge’s biblical views on the role of women and the realities of having powerful women in his life.
Felice Lifshitz
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823256877
- eISBN:
- 9780823261420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256877.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter gathers together the earliest evidence for book ownership and production in the Main Valley, demonstrating the association of these activities with women. The chapter also shows that we ...
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This chapter gathers together the earliest evidence for book ownership and production in the Main Valley, demonstrating the association of these activities with women. The chapter also shows that we possess (in Basel, Öffentliche Universitätsbibiliothek F III 15a) a copy of the library catalogue of the women’s community of Kitzingen, compiled around 800; this booklist had been attributed to the men’s house of Fulda. The chapter then describes in detail nine of the manuscripts on the Kitzingen booklist, some originally produced at Karlburg (the Guntza group), others originally produced at Kitzingen (the Abirhilt group). These nine books form the core of the study. They are Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.f. 69 (Letters of Paul), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f. 17 (Augustine’s Commentary on the Gradual Psalms), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f.45 (Gregory I’s Homilies on the Gospels), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f. 78 (Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28b part 1 (the booklet Deus per Angelum, a collection of texts primarily concerning the Virgin Mary and female martyrs), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28b part 3 and Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28a (both copies of Isidore of Seville’s Synonyma), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f.13 (the Liber Scintillarum), and Würzburg, UB M.p.th q.28b part 2 (a collection of homilies).Less
This chapter gathers together the earliest evidence for book ownership and production in the Main Valley, demonstrating the association of these activities with women. The chapter also shows that we possess (in Basel, Öffentliche Universitätsbibiliothek F III 15a) a copy of the library catalogue of the women’s community of Kitzingen, compiled around 800; this booklist had been attributed to the men’s house of Fulda. The chapter then describes in detail nine of the manuscripts on the Kitzingen booklist, some originally produced at Karlburg (the Guntza group), others originally produced at Kitzingen (the Abirhilt group). These nine books form the core of the study. They are Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.f. 69 (Letters of Paul), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f. 17 (Augustine’s Commentary on the Gradual Psalms), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f.45 (Gregory I’s Homilies on the Gospels), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f. 78 (Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28b part 1 (the booklet Deus per Angelum, a collection of texts primarily concerning the Virgin Mary and female martyrs), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28b part 3 and Würzburg, UB M.p.th.q.28a (both copies of Isidore of Seville’s Synonyma), Würzburg, UB M.p.th.f.13 (the Liber Scintillarum), and Würzburg, UB M.p.th q.28b part 2 (a collection of homilies).