A.C.L. Davies
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199287390
- eISBN:
- 9780191713484
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199287390.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
Contract plays a vitally important role in the delivery of public services today. Both central and local government make extensive use of private firms to provide facilities, goods, and services. ...
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Contract plays a vitally important role in the delivery of public services today. Both central and local government make extensive use of private firms to provide facilities, goods, and services. Government contracts vary considerably from the relatively straightforward competitive procurement of office supplies to complex, long-term Private Finance Initiative or Public/Private Partnership arrangements in which the contractor researches and develops a new piece of military equipment, or builds and provides a fully serviced hospital over a thirty-year period. English law's traditional approach to government contracts has been to regard them as ordinary private law arrangements. As a result, they have understandably been neglected by public lawyers in both teaching and research. This book argues that, on closer inspection, constitutional law and administrative law (in the form of statute, common law, and government guidance) have been playing an increasingly important role in the regulation of certain key aspects of government contracting. The book analyses these public law elements in detail and suggests ways in which they might appropriately be developed more fully, in tandem with the underlying private law regime. The book's aim is to raise the profile of government contracts as a proper subject for public law scholarship, whilst at the same time contributing to important contemporary debates on issues such as the public/private divide, the scope of the judicial review jurisdiction, and the reach of the Human Rights Act 1998.Less
Contract plays a vitally important role in the delivery of public services today. Both central and local government make extensive use of private firms to provide facilities, goods, and services. Government contracts vary considerably from the relatively straightforward competitive procurement of office supplies to complex, long-term Private Finance Initiative or Public/Private Partnership arrangements in which the contractor researches and develops a new piece of military equipment, or builds and provides a fully serviced hospital over a thirty-year period. English law's traditional approach to government contracts has been to regard them as ordinary private law arrangements. As a result, they have understandably been neglected by public lawyers in both teaching and research. This book argues that, on closer inspection, constitutional law and administrative law (in the form of statute, common law, and government guidance) have been playing an increasingly important role in the regulation of certain key aspects of government contracting. The book analyses these public law elements in detail and suggests ways in which they might appropriately be developed more fully, in tandem with the underlying private law regime. The book's aim is to raise the profile of government contracts as a proper subject for public law scholarship, whilst at the same time contributing to important contemporary debates on issues such as the public/private divide, the scope of the judicial review jurisdiction, and the reach of the Human Rights Act 1998.
Georgia Levenson Keohane
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231178020
- eISBN:
- 9780231541664
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231178020.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility
Despite social and economic advances around the world, poverty and disease persist, exacerbated by the mounting challenges of climate change, natural disasters, political conflict, mass migration, ...
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Despite social and economic advances around the world, poverty and disease persist, exacerbated by the mounting challenges of climate change, natural disasters, political conflict, mass migration, and economic inequality. While governments commit to addressing these challenges, traditional public and philanthropic dollars are not enough. Here, innovative finance has shown a way forward: by borrowing techniques from the world of finance, we can raise capital for social investments today. Innovative finance has provided polio vaccines to children in the DRC, crop insurance to farmers in India, pay-as-you-go solar electricity to Kenyans, and affordable housing and transportation to New Yorkers. It has helped governmental, commercial, and philanthropic resources meet the needs of the poor and underserved and build a more sustainable and inclusive prosperity.
Capital and the Common Good shows how market failure in one context can be solved with market solutions from another: an expert in securitization bundles future development aid into bonds to pay for vaccines today; an entrepreneur turns a mobile phone into an array of financial services for the unbanked; and policy makers adapt pay-for-success models from the world of infrastructure to human services like early childhood education, maternal health, and job training. Revisiting the successes and missteps of these efforts, Georgia Levenson Keohane argues that innovative finance is as much about incentives and sound decision-making as it is about money. When it works, innovative finance gives us the tools, motivation, and security to invest in our shared future.Less
Despite social and economic advances around the world, poverty and disease persist, exacerbated by the mounting challenges of climate change, natural disasters, political conflict, mass migration, and economic inequality. While governments commit to addressing these challenges, traditional public and philanthropic dollars are not enough. Here, innovative finance has shown a way forward: by borrowing techniques from the world of finance, we can raise capital for social investments today. Innovative finance has provided polio vaccines to children in the DRC, crop insurance to farmers in India, pay-as-you-go solar electricity to Kenyans, and affordable housing and transportation to New Yorkers. It has helped governmental, commercial, and philanthropic resources meet the needs of the poor and underserved and build a more sustainable and inclusive prosperity.
Capital and the Common Good shows how market failure in one context can be solved with market solutions from another: an expert in securitization bundles future development aid into bonds to pay for vaccines today; an entrepreneur turns a mobile phone into an array of financial services for the unbanked; and policy makers adapt pay-for-success models from the world of infrastructure to human services like early childhood education, maternal health, and job training. Revisiting the successes and missteps of these efforts, Georgia Levenson Keohane argues that innovative finance is as much about incentives and sound decision-making as it is about money. When it works, innovative finance gives us the tools, motivation, and security to invest in our shared future.
Peter Evans and Angelika Krüger
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781447305910
- eISBN:
- 9781447307754
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447305910.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
The current economic crisis with its gloomy implications for lost generations leaves many disadvantaged young people with ever diminishing opportunities. Violent youth protests in many countries have ...
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The current economic crisis with its gloomy implications for lost generations leaves many disadvantaged young people with ever diminishing opportunities. Violent youth protests in many countries have been widely reported and different approaches called for. The Youth Empowerment Partnership Programme (YEPP) is a fully evaluated on-going international programme, funded by a consortium of American and European foundations, that has been operating and developing for over 10 years. The first phase - YEPP I – had a strong focus on evaluating the impact of YEPP in order to determine whether this approach would work in an international context. As a result YEPP's concept of change and structure were implemented in six European countries. YEPP aims to empower young people and the communities in which they live by making them central to new decision-making processes involving partnerships between public, private and independent sectors. Learning from the YEPP I evaluation, YEPP II implemented several measures to improve the approach and methodology and expanded YEPP in more than eight European countries with 18 Local Programme Sites stressing the strengthening of partnerships, sustainability and policy advocacy. Youth and community empowerment in Europe provides the theoretical context for this programme and gives a full account of the process and outcomes of over ten years of joint effort in its unique development and research process. The book also reflects upon the lessons learnt for future policy, including developing effective evaluation strategies. It will appeal to practitioners, researchers, policymakers and decision-makers in foundations.Less
The current economic crisis with its gloomy implications for lost generations leaves many disadvantaged young people with ever diminishing opportunities. Violent youth protests in many countries have been widely reported and different approaches called for. The Youth Empowerment Partnership Programme (YEPP) is a fully evaluated on-going international programme, funded by a consortium of American and European foundations, that has been operating and developing for over 10 years. The first phase - YEPP I – had a strong focus on evaluating the impact of YEPP in order to determine whether this approach would work in an international context. As a result YEPP's concept of change and structure were implemented in six European countries. YEPP aims to empower young people and the communities in which they live by making them central to new decision-making processes involving partnerships between public, private and independent sectors. Learning from the YEPP I evaluation, YEPP II implemented several measures to improve the approach and methodology and expanded YEPP in more than eight European countries with 18 Local Programme Sites stressing the strengthening of partnerships, sustainability and policy advocacy. Youth and community empowerment in Europe provides the theoretical context for this programme and gives a full account of the process and outcomes of over ten years of joint effort in its unique development and research process. The book also reflects upon the lessons learnt for future policy, including developing effective evaluation strategies. It will appeal to practitioners, researchers, policymakers and decision-makers in foundations.
Norichika Kanie and Frank Biermann (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262035620
- eISBN:
- 9780262337410
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035620.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the Sustainable Development Goals as an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Sustainable Development Goals mark the ...
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In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the Sustainable Development Goals as an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Sustainable Development Goals mark the most ambitious effort yet to place goal setting at the center of global governance and policy. This book is the first book addressing global governance through goals, asking three sets of questions. First, the book studies in detail the core characteristics of goal setting in global governance, asking when it is an appropriate strategy in global governance and what makes global governance through goals different from other approaches such as rule making or norm promotion. Second, the book analyze under what conditions a goal-oriented approach can ensure progress toward desired ends; what can be learned from other, earlier experiences of global goal setting, especially the Millennium Development Goals; and what governance arrangements are likely to facilitate progress in implementing the new Sustainable Development Goals. Third, the book studies the practical and operational challenges involved in global governance through goals in promoting sustainability and the prospects for achieving such a demanding new agenda. The book revealed that the approach of “global governance through goals”—and the Sustainable Development Goals as a prime example—is marked by a number of key characteristics, but none of those is specific to this type of governance. Yet all these characteristics together, in our view, amount to a unique and novel way of steering and distinct type of institutional arrangement in global governance.Less
In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the Sustainable Development Goals as an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Sustainable Development Goals mark the most ambitious effort yet to place goal setting at the center of global governance and policy. This book is the first book addressing global governance through goals, asking three sets of questions. First, the book studies in detail the core characteristics of goal setting in global governance, asking when it is an appropriate strategy in global governance and what makes global governance through goals different from other approaches such as rule making or norm promotion. Second, the book analyze under what conditions a goal-oriented approach can ensure progress toward desired ends; what can be learned from other, earlier experiences of global goal setting, especially the Millennium Development Goals; and what governance arrangements are likely to facilitate progress in implementing the new Sustainable Development Goals. Third, the book studies the practical and operational challenges involved in global governance through goals in promoting sustainability and the prospects for achieving such a demanding new agenda. The book revealed that the approach of “global governance through goals”—and the Sustainable Development Goals as a prime example—is marked by a number of key characteristics, but none of those is specific to this type of governance. Yet all these characteristics together, in our view, amount to a unique and novel way of steering and distinct type of institutional arrangement in global governance.
Nicholas Hildyard
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781784994266
- eISBN:
- 9781526108982
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784994266.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
No struggle for social justice that lacks a grounded understanding of how wealth is accumulated within society, and by whom, is ever likely to make more than a marginal dent in the status quo.
Much ...
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No struggle for social justice that lacks a grounded understanding of how wealth is accumulated within society, and by whom, is ever likely to make more than a marginal dent in the status quo.
Much work has been done over the years by academics and activists to illuminate the broad processes of wealth extraction. But a constantly watchful eye is essential if new forms of financial extraction are to be blocked, short-circuited, deflected or unsettled.
So when the World Bank and other well-known enablers of wealth extraction start to organise to promote greater private-sector involvement in ‘infrastructure’, for example through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), alarm bells should start to ring. How are roads, bridges, hospitals, ports and railways being eyed up by finance? What bevels and polishes the lens through which they are viewed? How is infrastructure being transformed into an ‘asset class’ that will yield the returns now demanded by investors? Why now? What does the reconfiguration of infrastructure tell us about the vulnerabilities of capital?
The challenge is not only to understand the mechanisms through which infrastructure is being reconfigured to extract wealth: equally important is to think through how activists might best respond. What oppositional strategies genuinely unsettle elite power instead of making it stronger?Less
No struggle for social justice that lacks a grounded understanding of how wealth is accumulated within society, and by whom, is ever likely to make more than a marginal dent in the status quo.
Much work has been done over the years by academics and activists to illuminate the broad processes of wealth extraction. But a constantly watchful eye is essential if new forms of financial extraction are to be blocked, short-circuited, deflected or unsettled.
So when the World Bank and other well-known enablers of wealth extraction start to organise to promote greater private-sector involvement in ‘infrastructure’, for example through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), alarm bells should start to ring. How are roads, bridges, hospitals, ports and railways being eyed up by finance? What bevels and polishes the lens through which they are viewed? How is infrastructure being transformed into an ‘asset class’ that will yield the returns now demanded by investors? Why now? What does the reconfiguration of infrastructure tell us about the vulnerabilities of capital?
The challenge is not only to understand the mechanisms through which infrastructure is being reconfigured to extract wealth: equally important is to think through how activists might best respond. What oppositional strategies genuinely unsettle elite power instead of making it stronger?
A C L Davies
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199287390
- eISBN:
- 9780191713484
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199287390.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The first part of this chapter introduces the different types of government contract currently in use in central and local government. It identifies the three broad types of contracting activity that ...
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The first part of this chapter introduces the different types of government contract currently in use in central and local government. It identifies the three broad types of contracting activity that will be the focus of the book: procurement, contracting out, and the Private Finance Initiative and other Public/Private Partnerships. The chapter also identifies some other types of government contracts (employment contracts, ‘internal’ contracts) and explains why they are not to be examined in detail in the book. In the second part of the chapter, some key sectors of government contracting activity are examined: defence, information technology, transport, health, housing, and social care. The aim is to give an overview of how government uses contracts and some of the problems to which they give rise.Less
The first part of this chapter introduces the different types of government contract currently in use in central and local government. It identifies the three broad types of contracting activity that will be the focus of the book: procurement, contracting out, and the Private Finance Initiative and other Public/Private Partnerships. The chapter also identifies some other types of government contracts (employment contracts, ‘internal’ contracts) and explains why they are not to be examined in detail in the book. In the second part of the chapter, some key sectors of government contracting activity are examined: defence, information technology, transport, health, housing, and social care. The aim is to give an overview of how government uses contracts and some of the problems to which they give rise.
Robert J. Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199584734
- eISBN:
- 9780191731105
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584734.003.0013
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
Modern chambers rely to a major extent on government finance through contracts. Early relationships developed through municipal improvement and local partnerships. This expanded to cover various ...
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Modern chambers rely to a major extent on government finance through contracts. Early relationships developed through municipal improvement and local partnerships. This expanded to cover various consultations processes on local and national committees; then provision of apprenticeships. Since the 1990s there has also been chamber leadership of local economic initiatives. Links became so close that after 1996 some chambers merged with government financed Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs). After these were abolished, chambers have worked with regional agencies, and after the 2010 election with Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs). In Ireland there has been important partnering of chambers with EU initiatives. The modern chamber of the last 20-30 years is different from any stage in the past. This creates major challenges for the future.Less
Modern chambers rely to a major extent on government finance through contracts. Early relationships developed through municipal improvement and local partnerships. This expanded to cover various consultations processes on local and national committees; then provision of apprenticeships. Since the 1990s there has also been chamber leadership of local economic initiatives. Links became so close that after 1996 some chambers merged with government financed Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs). After these were abolished, chambers have worked with regional agencies, and after the 2010 election with Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs). In Ireland there has been important partnering of chambers with EU initiatives. The modern chamber of the last 20-30 years is different from any stage in the past. This creates major challenges for the future.
Robert J. Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199584734
- eISBN:
- 9780191731105
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584734.003.0017
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter concludes that the chambers have shown remarkable durability by being adaptable to new needs, and diversifying their service bundle over time. However, the 1980s seem to have become ...
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This chapter concludes that the chambers have shown remarkable durability by being adaptable to new needs, and diversifying their service bundle over time. However, the 1980s seem to have become something of a ‘clean break’ with the past. The causes for this are sought in product life cycles, shifts to a small firms economy, expansion of chamber territories to cover larger areas more thinly, but most important has been contracting and partnering with government. This has introduced far more instability than that in the economy, with changes arsing from changes in the party in power, administrative confusion, and ministerial caprice. For the future it is suggested that chambers need to re-emphasize their USP and develop stronger independent missions that maintain government links more on their own terms.Less
This chapter concludes that the chambers have shown remarkable durability by being adaptable to new needs, and diversifying their service bundle over time. However, the 1980s seem to have become something of a ‘clean break’ with the past. The causes for this are sought in product life cycles, shifts to a small firms economy, expansion of chamber territories to cover larger areas more thinly, but most important has been contracting and partnering with government. This has introduced far more instability than that in the economy, with changes arsing from changes in the party in power, administrative confusion, and ministerial caprice. For the future it is suggested that chambers need to re-emphasize their USP and develop stronger independent missions that maintain government links more on their own terms.
Annette Hastings
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861343802
- eISBN:
- 9781447304159
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861343802.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter evaluates the outward-looking, multilevel neighbourhood-regeneration approach in Great Britain. It describes the Local Strategic Partnerships (LSPs) in England and the Community Planning ...
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This chapter evaluates the outward-looking, multilevel neighbourhood-regeneration approach in Great Britain. It describes the Local Strategic Partnerships (LSPs) in England and the Community Planning Partnerships (CPPs) in Scotland, and proposes a hypothesis as to why the area-based initiatives (ABI) model has been unable to fundamentally challenge neighbourhood trajectories. The chapter explains that while the multilevel approach seems to signal a shift away from a simple focus on the internal problems of deprived neighbourhoods, it remains surprisingly disengaged from wider structural issues, such as the management of the regional economy.Less
This chapter evaluates the outward-looking, multilevel neighbourhood-regeneration approach in Great Britain. It describes the Local Strategic Partnerships (LSPs) in England and the Community Planning Partnerships (CPPs) in Scotland, and proposes a hypothesis as to why the area-based initiatives (ABI) model has been unable to fundamentally challenge neighbourhood trajectories. The chapter explains that while the multilevel approach seems to signal a shift away from a simple focus on the internal problems of deprived neighbourhoods, it remains surprisingly disengaged from wider structural issues, such as the management of the regional economy.
Harry Blutstein
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781784992897
- eISBN:
- 9781526104311
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784992897.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
When Kofi Annan was elected the first African to head the United Nations in 1997, he faced an organisation that was dysfunctional, had a reputation for being anti-business, and it had little to ...
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When Kofi Annan was elected the first African to head the United Nations in 1997, he faced an organisation that was dysfunctional, had a reputation for being anti-business, and it had little to contribute to the onward march of globalisation. To address these problems, Annan forged a strong alliance with the corporate sector, launching the Global Compact in 2000. This programme encouraged transnational corporations to adopt universal norms of behaviour that had been established through various UN treaties. This programme also allowed Annan to harness the private sector to support his Millennial Development Goals, which was launched the same year. Through it, targets were set to deal with a range of social problems, thereby providing a novel way of coordinating global action between governments, international agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and the corporate sector. By the end of his term, Annan had created a new pathway to global governance, built around norms and measureable targets. The result was greater cooperation between members of the world’s community to solve social and environmental problems. Annan was motivated to establish these alternative programmes to compensate for the entrenched dysfunction within the UN General Assembly.Less
When Kofi Annan was elected the first African to head the United Nations in 1997, he faced an organisation that was dysfunctional, had a reputation for being anti-business, and it had little to contribute to the onward march of globalisation. To address these problems, Annan forged a strong alliance with the corporate sector, launching the Global Compact in 2000. This programme encouraged transnational corporations to adopt universal norms of behaviour that had been established through various UN treaties. This programme also allowed Annan to harness the private sector to support his Millennial Development Goals, which was launched the same year. Through it, targets were set to deal with a range of social problems, thereby providing a novel way of coordinating global action between governments, international agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and the corporate sector. By the end of his term, Annan had created a new pathway to global governance, built around norms and measureable targets. The result was greater cooperation between members of the world’s community to solve social and environmental problems. Annan was motivated to establish these alternative programmes to compensate for the entrenched dysfunction within the UN General Assembly.
Harry Blutstein
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781784992897
- eISBN:
- 9781526104311
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784992897.003.0014
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
When Gro Brundtland was elected Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), she soon discovered that she headed an organisation that had lost its way. To revive its fortunes, Brundtland ...
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When Gro Brundtland was elected Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), she soon discovered that she headed an organisation that had lost its way. To revive its fortunes, Brundtland aggressively partnered with pharmaceutical companies to allow WHO to expand its health programmes, including achieving the Millennium Development Goals that address health. Brundtland’s success was largely due to her ability to quantify the economic costs of poor health, particularly in developing countries. This helped her to secure increased public and private funds to tackle problems like malaria and HIV/AIDS. Brundtland also launched a code to limit marketing of tobacco products to minors. Setting a new way to govern the global domain, this code allowed WHO to show that globalisation could be a force for good, by promulgating global norms to deal with a major health problem.Less
When Gro Brundtland was elected Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), she soon discovered that she headed an organisation that had lost its way. To revive its fortunes, Brundtland aggressively partnered with pharmaceutical companies to allow WHO to expand its health programmes, including achieving the Millennium Development Goals that address health. Brundtland’s success was largely due to her ability to quantify the economic costs of poor health, particularly in developing countries. This helped her to secure increased public and private funds to tackle problems like malaria and HIV/AIDS. Brundtland also launched a code to limit marketing of tobacco products to minors. Setting a new way to govern the global domain, this code allowed WHO to show that globalisation could be a force for good, by promulgating global norms to deal with a major health problem.
JOY G. DRYFOOS
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195137859
- eISBN:
- 9780199846948
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137859.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter considers modern school restructuring and reform. It gives some examples of programs aimed at high-risk students and looks at growing experiences with school restructuring designs. An ...
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This chapter considers modern school restructuring and reform. It gives some examples of programs aimed at high-risk students and looks at growing experiences with school restructuring designs. An important outcome for effective schools is the promotion of healthy lifestyles and the prevention of high-risk behaviors. Children who are engaged in school activities are much less likely to get into trouble with drugs, sex, and violence. Some programs aimed at high-risk students include Valued Youth Partnership, Cities-in-Schools (CIS), The School Transition Environment Project (STEP), The Quantum Opportunity Program (QOP), Liberty Partnerships, and Parents as Teachers (PAT).Less
This chapter considers modern school restructuring and reform. It gives some examples of programs aimed at high-risk students and looks at growing experiences with school restructuring designs. An important outcome for effective schools is the promotion of healthy lifestyles and the prevention of high-risk behaviors. Children who are engaged in school activities are much less likely to get into trouble with drugs, sex, and violence. Some programs aimed at high-risk students include Valued Youth Partnership, Cities-in-Schools (CIS), The School Transition Environment Project (STEP), The Quantum Opportunity Program (QOP), Liberty Partnerships, and Parents as Teachers (PAT).
Tim Blackman
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346117
- eISBN:
- 9781447302971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346117.003.0005
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter examines the approach, targets, and achievements of the National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal (NSNR) in England. It explores the question of how delivery can be better aligned with ...
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This chapter examines the approach, targets, and achievements of the National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal (NSNR) in England. It explores the question of how delivery can be better aligned with good theories and methodologies for closing in on target outcomes, principally those for closing gaps between deprived neighbourhoods and national averages. The chapter describes the changes in governance represented by innovations such as Local Strategic Partnerships and Local Area Agreements and discusses the lessons that can be learnt from the Health Action Zones.Less
This chapter examines the approach, targets, and achievements of the National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal (NSNR) in England. It explores the question of how delivery can be better aligned with good theories and methodologies for closing in on target outcomes, principally those for closing gaps between deprived neighbourhoods and national averages. The chapter describes the changes in governance represented by innovations such as Local Strategic Partnerships and Local Area Agreements and discusses the lessons that can be learnt from the Health Action Zones.
Enver Solomon and Maggie Blyth
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847422637
- eISBN:
- 9781447303060
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847422637.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Crime and Justice
Prevention rather than cure is the obvious, common-sense approach to dealing with any problem, and it is unsurprising that criminal justice policy has been driven by such an ideal. Shortly after ...
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Prevention rather than cure is the obvious, common-sense approach to dealing with any problem, and it is unsurprising that criminal justice policy has been driven by such an ideal. Shortly after entering government in 1997, New Labour embarked on what was seen by many commentators as a more holistic model of crime prevention than its predecessor Conservative government had utilised, with the establishment of Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships. This book examines government policy in the United Kingdom in relation to early intervention programmes that aim to support families and to prevent youth crime. It raises some important questions about prevention strategies, such as whether early intervention is symptomatic of a creeping criminalisation of social policy whereby a coercive approach is used to force so-called problem families and their children to engage with services; how local people themselves are engaged in crucial decisions about how to tackle crime and social problems; and how those most detached from the mainstream can be motivated to take advantage of support provided.Less
Prevention rather than cure is the obvious, common-sense approach to dealing with any problem, and it is unsurprising that criminal justice policy has been driven by such an ideal. Shortly after entering government in 1997, New Labour embarked on what was seen by many commentators as a more holistic model of crime prevention than its predecessor Conservative government had utilised, with the establishment of Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships. This book examines government policy in the United Kingdom in relation to early intervention programmes that aim to support families and to prevent youth crime. It raises some important questions about prevention strategies, such as whether early intervention is symptomatic of a creeping criminalisation of social policy whereby a coercive approach is used to force so-called problem families and their children to engage with services; how local people themselves are engaged in crucial decisions about how to tackle crime and social problems; and how those most detached from the mainstream can be motivated to take advantage of support provided.
Jessica Jacobson, Andrew Millie, and Mike Hough
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847420282
- eISBN:
- 9781447301493
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847420282.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Crime and Justice
Governments vary over place and time in their enthusiasm for cracking down on anti-social behaviour (ASB). It is therefore reasonable to ask why they should take on this responsibility, and why they ...
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Governments vary over place and time in their enthusiasm for cracking down on anti-social behaviour (ASB). It is therefore reasonable to ask why they should take on this responsibility, and why they should do so now. This chapter examines the results of a study that combined empirical research in five areas with a review of policy and research literature. In order to determine the rationales offered by policy documents and by local officials for tackling ASB, key officials responsible for tackling ASB were interviewed. Policy documents in five Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships in England and Wales were also reviewed. Although the research was conducted in 2003/04, its findings are still relevant to contemporary debate about ASB. The study found, both in the policy and research literature and in officials' accounts of their work, four main rationales for tackling ASB: the quality of life rationale; the ‘broken windows’ rationale; the crime fighting or zero tolerance rationale; and the regeneration rationale.Less
Governments vary over place and time in their enthusiasm for cracking down on anti-social behaviour (ASB). It is therefore reasonable to ask why they should take on this responsibility, and why they should do so now. This chapter examines the results of a study that combined empirical research in five areas with a review of policy and research literature. In order to determine the rationales offered by policy documents and by local officials for tackling ASB, key officials responsible for tackling ASB were interviewed. Policy documents in five Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships in England and Wales were also reviewed. Although the research was conducted in 2003/04, its findings are still relevant to contemporary debate about ASB. The study found, both in the policy and research literature and in officials' accounts of their work, four main rationales for tackling ASB: the quality of life rationale; the ‘broken windows’ rationale; the crime fighting or zero tolerance rationale; and the regeneration rationale.
Colin Copus
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719071867
- eISBN:
- 9781781701379
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719071867.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter evaluates how elected mayors face the competing pressures of both running a large public service bureaucracy that is a council and leading the local community. The tension between ...
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This chapter evaluates how elected mayors face the competing pressures of both running a large public service bureaucracy that is a council and leading the local community. The tension between political responsibility for public services and a broader governing responsibility is clearly seen in the way in which mayors have formed their cabinet and allocated portfolios to cabinet members. Councillors inextricably linked their role in service provision to notions of government and representation. Local Strategic Partnerships is a formal, government-inspired institutional arrangement that is rule driven and codified and set within the broader institutional framework of the local council. Organisational leadership of the council can affect the quality of public services and the mayor's electoral chances. English mayors inhabit a system in which there are two dimensions to their positions and power.Less
This chapter evaluates how elected mayors face the competing pressures of both running a large public service bureaucracy that is a council and leading the local community. The tension between political responsibility for public services and a broader governing responsibility is clearly seen in the way in which mayors have formed their cabinet and allocated portfolios to cabinet members. Councillors inextricably linked their role in service provision to notions of government and representation. Local Strategic Partnerships is a formal, government-inspired institutional arrangement that is rule driven and codified and set within the broader institutional framework of the local council. Organisational leadership of the council can affect the quality of public services and the mayor's electoral chances. English mayors inhabit a system in which there are two dimensions to their positions and power.
Samantha N. Sheppard
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496807045
- eISBN:
- 9781496807083
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496807045.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
Samantha N. Sheppard provides a broad and establishing consideration of how Perry functions in and across different media industries. Sheppard analyzes Perry’s different “practices,” “partnerships,” ...
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Samantha N. Sheppard provides a broad and establishing consideration of how Perry functions in and across different media industries. Sheppard analyzes Perry’s different “practices,” “partnerships,” and “politics” as she explores some of the ways in which Perry maximizes his name recognition and brand across different platforms like theater, film, television, straight to DVD, and video on demand. While Perry’s brand has been instrumental in marketing his high volume of creative projects, other directors and writers now also seek an association with him so that they might leverage their own works. In this way, Sheppard theorizes that Perry has become a media platformonto himself. In complicating and destabilizing the assumption that a partnership with Perry will naturally lead to success, the chapter concludes with an analysis of the production and marketing of one of Perry’s affiliated projects, Tina Gordon Chism’s 2013 comedy Tyler Perry Presents Peeples.Less
Samantha N. Sheppard provides a broad and establishing consideration of how Perry functions in and across different media industries. Sheppard analyzes Perry’s different “practices,” “partnerships,” and “politics” as she explores some of the ways in which Perry maximizes his name recognition and brand across different platforms like theater, film, television, straight to DVD, and video on demand. While Perry’s brand has been instrumental in marketing his high volume of creative projects, other directors and writers now also seek an association with him so that they might leverage their own works. In this way, Sheppard theorizes that Perry has become a media platformonto himself. In complicating and destabilizing the assumption that a partnership with Perry will naturally lead to success, the chapter concludes with an analysis of the production and marketing of one of Perry’s affiliated projects, Tina Gordon Chism’s 2013 comedy Tyler Perry Presents Peeples.
Mike Raco
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780748682973
- eISBN:
- 9781474406475
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748682973.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter focuses on the legacies of privatisation in key welfare sectors in the UK, and the structural limits that Public Private Partnerships and Private Finance Initiatives place on their ...
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This chapter focuses on the legacies of privatisation in key welfare sectors in the UK, and the structural limits that Public Private Partnerships and Private Finance Initiatives place on their governance and management. It contends that the principles of accountability and democracy that underpinned the post-war settlement are being systematically eroded at the same time as administrations have consistently promised greater community empowerment and control. The discussion looks, in particular, at the role of the ‘new contractualism’ in shaping the boundaries of the political and in seeking to limit the scope and scale of urban conflict. It examines the extent to which this is occurring and the implications of the findings for broader understandings of the ‘political’.Less
This chapter focuses on the legacies of privatisation in key welfare sectors in the UK, and the structural limits that Public Private Partnerships and Private Finance Initiatives place on their governance and management. It contends that the principles of accountability and democracy that underpinned the post-war settlement are being systematically eroded at the same time as administrations have consistently promised greater community empowerment and control. The discussion looks, in particular, at the role of the ‘new contractualism’ in shaping the boundaries of the political and in seeking to limit the scope and scale of urban conflict. It examines the extent to which this is occurring and the implications of the findings for broader understandings of the ‘political’.
Adam Braddock
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027465
- eISBN:
- 9780262320825
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027465.003.0008
- Subject:
- Biology, Bioethics
This chapter provides a framework for thinking about community research partnerships with children. It begins by briefly reviewing the federal regulations governing research with children. It then ...
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This chapter provides a framework for thinking about community research partnerships with children. It begins by briefly reviewing the federal regulations governing research with children. It then defines community research partnerships and shows that there are practical, developmental, and moral reasons to encourage research partnerships with children, and that the status of children and adolescents as a “vulnerable population” provides additional support for community research partnerships. The chapter then turns to age considerations, how to define communities in research partnerships, and the form and content of potential research partnerships with children. Finally, it concludes with some recommendations for institutional review boards (IRBs) regarding research partnerships with children; much could be done to promote this important form of research.Less
This chapter provides a framework for thinking about community research partnerships with children. It begins by briefly reviewing the federal regulations governing research with children. It then defines community research partnerships and shows that there are practical, developmental, and moral reasons to encourage research partnerships with children, and that the status of children and adolescents as a “vulnerable population” provides additional support for community research partnerships. The chapter then turns to age considerations, how to define communities in research partnerships, and the form and content of potential research partnerships with children. Finally, it concludes with some recommendations for institutional review boards (IRBs) regarding research partnerships with children; much could be done to promote this important form of research.
Peter Evans and Angelika Krüger
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781447305910
- eISBN:
- 9781447307754
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447305910.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
The data described in chapter three are presented summarily in the form of tables that focus on a number of key issues. These are: the extent to which YEPP's 10 non-negotiable principles were adhered ...
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The data described in chapter three are presented summarily in the form of tables that focus on a number of key issues. These are: the extent to which YEPP's 10 non-negotiable principles were adhered to; how far YEPP's research structure was implemented and the main outcomes – youth and community empowerment, partnerships, transnational activities, sustainability and impact on public policy. A table summarising the summaries is also provided based on the impacts of well- and partly implemented sites. The significance of the results is then discussed further with especial stress being given to methodology used, and its challenges, and the question of whether YEPP caused the changes that occurred. Since it was not possible to address this question using ‘experimental’ and ‘control’ sites an interpretation based on Lewis’ counterfactual approach was preferred. This provided strong support for the view that YEPP did cause at least some of the observed changes in the local programme sites. The better YEPP is implemented the more confident this conclusion becomes.Less
The data described in chapter three are presented summarily in the form of tables that focus on a number of key issues. These are: the extent to which YEPP's 10 non-negotiable principles were adhered to; how far YEPP's research structure was implemented and the main outcomes – youth and community empowerment, partnerships, transnational activities, sustainability and impact on public policy. A table summarising the summaries is also provided based on the impacts of well- and partly implemented sites. The significance of the results is then discussed further with especial stress being given to methodology used, and its challenges, and the question of whether YEPP caused the changes that occurred. Since it was not possible to address this question using ‘experimental’ and ‘control’ sites an interpretation based on Lewis’ counterfactual approach was preferred. This provided strong support for the view that YEPP did cause at least some of the observed changes in the local programme sites. The better YEPP is implemented the more confident this conclusion becomes.
