Steven Weinberg
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195310726
- eISBN:
- 9780199785179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195310726.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Steven Weinberg is a public intellectual and the best-selling author of The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe, Dreams of a Final Theory: The Scientist’s Search for the ...
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Steven Weinberg is a public intellectual and the best-selling author of The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe, Dreams of a Final Theory: The Scientist’s Search for the Ultimate Laws of Nature, Glory and Terror: The Coming Nuclear Danger, and many other books. Weinberg is known for being an atheist and anti-religious, and for winning the Nobel Prize in physics for his electroweak interaction theory, showing how the weak nuclear interaction related to electromagnetism in 1979. Weinberg joined the small scientific army waging war on religion. His book, Dreams of a Final Theory, written to rally support for the supercollider, contains a powerful assault on God and religion, making one wonder about the connection.Less
Steven Weinberg is a public intellectual and the best-selling author of The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe, Dreams of a Final Theory: The Scientist’s Search for the Ultimate Laws of Nature, Glory and Terror: The Coming Nuclear Danger, and many other books. Weinberg is known for being an atheist and anti-religious, and for winning the Nobel Prize in physics for his electroweak interaction theory, showing how the weak nuclear interaction related to electromagnetism in 1979. Weinberg joined the small scientific army waging war on religion. His book, Dreams of a Final Theory, written to rally support for the supercollider, contains a powerful assault on God and religion, making one wonder about the connection.
Avner Offer and Gabriel Söderberg
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196312
- eISBN:
- 9781400883417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196312.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This chapter discusses the significance of a Nobel Prize in economics. In a turbulent world, the prizes that Alfred Nobel endowed in 1895 shine as beacons of enduring value. They signal that effort, ...
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This chapter discusses the significance of a Nobel Prize in economics. In a turbulent world, the prizes that Alfred Nobel endowed in 1895 shine as beacons of enduring value. They signal that effort, integrity, and success in pursuit of truth can earn mighty acclaim. In 1968, the Swedish central bank persuaded the Nobel Foundation to add a prize in economics, identical in all but name to those in science, literature, and peace. For a paltry investment, it extended the aura of Nobel authority to the discipline of economics. It was an entrepreneurial move worthy of Alfred Nobel himself. Like Nobel's invention of dynamite, the economic prize was a force with potential for good but also for harm. But how does one think of economics as science? Specialists in scientific method, practising economists, and Nobel Prize winners tell different stories. This matters when we look to economics for policy advice.Less
This chapter discusses the significance of a Nobel Prize in economics. In a turbulent world, the prizes that Alfred Nobel endowed in 1895 shine as beacons of enduring value. They signal that effort, integrity, and success in pursuit of truth can earn mighty acclaim. In 1968, the Swedish central bank persuaded the Nobel Foundation to add a prize in economics, identical in all but name to those in science, literature, and peace. For a paltry investment, it extended the aura of Nobel authority to the discipline of economics. It was an entrepreneurial move worthy of Alfred Nobel himself. Like Nobel's invention of dynamite, the economic prize was a force with potential for good but also for harm. But how does one think of economics as science? Specialists in scientific method, practising economists, and Nobel Prize winners tell different stories. This matters when we look to economics for policy advice.
Gordon Fraser
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199208463
- eISBN:
- 9780191708954
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208463.003.0015
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This chapter begins with the prestige of the Nobel Prize. It then describes Salam's receipt of the prize and the condemnation he received from his own country of Pakistan. It is argued that although ...
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This chapter begins with the prestige of the Nobel Prize. It then describes Salam's receipt of the prize and the condemnation he received from his own country of Pakistan. It is argued that although Salam was a great scientist, as his Nobel Prize attests, he was greater as an organizer and achiever, but greatest as a voice, a conscience of justice, speaking for the advancement of science among the disinherited.Less
This chapter begins with the prestige of the Nobel Prize. It then describes Salam's receipt of the prize and the condemnation he received from his own country of Pakistan. It is argued that although Salam was a great scientist, as his Nobel Prize attests, he was greater as an organizer and achiever, but greatest as a voice, a conscience of justice, speaking for the advancement of science among the disinherited.
Georgina Ferry
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197264812
- eISBN:
- 9780191754029
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264812.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter focuses on Austrian-born molecular biologist Max Perutz (1914–2002). Perutz was one of twenty scientific refugees from continental Europe who went on to win Nobel Prizes. A chemist and ...
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This chapter focuses on Austrian-born molecular biologist Max Perutz (1914–2002). Perutz was one of twenty scientific refugees from continental Europe who went on to win Nobel Prizes. A chemist and molecular biologist, he led the first successful attempt to discover the three-dimensional structure of protein molecules using X-ray crystallography, for which he shared the 1962 Nobel Prize. He was the founding chairman of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, an institution that continues to thrive and counts thirteen Nobel Prize-winners among those who have spent time in its laboratories. Although Perutz applied to the Society for the Protection of Science and Learning (SPSL) for funding, in the event he did not need their money. His case, however, offers an excellent example of the emotional and practical support SPSL's officers extended to all academics who found themselves in precarious situations in the years following the rise to power of the Nazis in Germany and their subsequent conquest or annexation of neighbouring countries.Less
This chapter focuses on Austrian-born molecular biologist Max Perutz (1914–2002). Perutz was one of twenty scientific refugees from continental Europe who went on to win Nobel Prizes. A chemist and molecular biologist, he led the first successful attempt to discover the three-dimensional structure of protein molecules using X-ray crystallography, for which he shared the 1962 Nobel Prize. He was the founding chairman of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, an institution that continues to thrive and counts thirteen Nobel Prize-winners among those who have spent time in its laboratories. Although Perutz applied to the Society for the Protection of Science and Learning (SPSL) for funding, in the event he did not need their money. His case, however, offers an excellent example of the emotional and practical support SPSL's officers extended to all academics who found themselves in precarious situations in the years following the rise to power of the Nazis in Germany and their subsequent conquest or annexation of neighbouring countries.
Martin Ceadel
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199571161
- eISBN:
- 9780191721762
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199571161.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory, International Relations and Politics
Sir Norman Angell, pioneer both of international relations as a distinct discipline and of the theory of globalization, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, and one of the 20th century's leading ...
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Sir Norman Angell, pioneer both of international relations as a distinct discipline and of the theory of globalization, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, and one of the 20th century's leading internationalist campaigners on both sides of the Atlantic, lived the great illusion in three senses. First, his ‘life job’, as he came to call it, was founded upon and defined by The Great Illusion, a best-seller whose original version appeared in 1909: it perceptively showed how economic interdependence would prevent great powers profiting from war; yet it made other, less felicitous, claims from whose implications he spent decades trying to extricate himself. Second, his magnum opus and all his best work derived, to an extent unusual for a public intellectual, not from abstract thinking but from an eventful and varied life as a jobbing journalist in four countries, a cowboy, land-speculator, and gold-prospector in California, production manager of the continental edition of the Daily Mail, author, lecturer, pig farmer, Labour MP, entrepreneur, and campaigner for collective security. Third, he fostered many an enduring illusion about himself by at various times giving wrongly his age, name, nationality, marital status, key career dates, and core beliefs. By dint of careful detective work, this first biography of Angell reveals the truth about a remarkable life that has hitherto been much misrepresented and misinterpreted.Less
Sir Norman Angell, pioneer both of international relations as a distinct discipline and of the theory of globalization, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, and one of the 20th century's leading internationalist campaigners on both sides of the Atlantic, lived the great illusion in three senses. First, his ‘life job’, as he came to call it, was founded upon and defined by The Great Illusion, a best-seller whose original version appeared in 1909: it perceptively showed how economic interdependence would prevent great powers profiting from war; yet it made other, less felicitous, claims from whose implications he spent decades trying to extricate himself. Second, his magnum opus and all his best work derived, to an extent unusual for a public intellectual, not from abstract thinking but from an eventful and varied life as a jobbing journalist in four countries, a cowboy, land-speculator, and gold-prospector in California, production manager of the continental edition of the Daily Mail, author, lecturer, pig farmer, Labour MP, entrepreneur, and campaigner for collective security. Third, he fostered many an enduring illusion about himself by at various times giving wrongly his age, name, nationality, marital status, key career dates, and core beliefs. By dint of careful detective work, this first biography of Angell reveals the truth about a remarkable life that has hitherto been much misrepresented and misinterpreted.
Avner Offer and Gabriel Söderberg
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196312
- eISBN:
- 9781400883417
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196312.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
Our confidence in markets comes from economics, and our confidence in economics is underpinned by the Nobel Prize in Economics, which was first awarded in 1969. Was it a coincidence that the prize ...
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Our confidence in markets comes from economics, and our confidence in economics is underpinned by the Nobel Prize in Economics, which was first awarded in 1969. Was it a coincidence that the prize and the rise of free-market liberalism began at the same time? This is the first book to describe the origins and power of the most important prize in economics. It tells how the prize, created by the Swedish central bank, emerged from a conflict between central bank orthodoxy and Sweden's social democracy. The aim was to use the halo of the Nobel brand to influence the future of Sweden and the rest of the developed world by enhancing the bank's authority and the prestige of market-friendly economics. And the strategy has worked spectacularly — with sometimes disastrous results for societies striving to cope with the requirements of economic theory and deregulated markets. Drawing on previously untapped archives and providing a unique analysis of the sway of prizewinners, the book offers an unprecedented account of the real-world consequences of economics and its greatest prize.Less
Our confidence in markets comes from economics, and our confidence in economics is underpinned by the Nobel Prize in Economics, which was first awarded in 1969. Was it a coincidence that the prize and the rise of free-market liberalism began at the same time? This is the first book to describe the origins and power of the most important prize in economics. It tells how the prize, created by the Swedish central bank, emerged from a conflict between central bank orthodoxy and Sweden's social democracy. The aim was to use the halo of the Nobel brand to influence the future of Sweden and the rest of the developed world by enhancing the bank's authority and the prestige of market-friendly economics. And the strategy has worked spectacularly — with sometimes disastrous results for societies striving to cope with the requirements of economic theory and deregulated markets. Drawing on previously untapped archives and providing a unique analysis of the sway of prizewinners, the book offers an unprecedented account of the real-world consequences of economics and its greatest prize.
JAGDISH MEHRA and KIMBALL A. MILTON
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198527459
- eISBN:
- 9780191709593
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198527459.003.0013
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
As soon as Julian Schwinger burst upon the stage, one could hardly doubt that a Nobel Prize was in the offing. Certainly, after his solution of the problems of quantum electrodynamics in the late ...
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As soon as Julian Schwinger burst upon the stage, one could hardly doubt that a Nobel Prize was in the offing. Certainly, after his solution of the problems of quantum electrodynamics in the late 1940s the award of the Nobel Prize was just a matter of time. Yet years passed with no news of the award. Clarice Schwinger, his devoted wife, described waiting for the Prize and thought he would get it soon after they got married. When it did not happen, she then decided Julian simply was not going to get it. This chapter looks at Schwinger's winning the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1965 and the attention he received afterwards, his Nobel lecture entitled ‘Relativistic quantum field theory’ delivered in December 1965, his development of the source theory as an alternative to the operator quantum field theory, source theory calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, Schwinger's research on chiral symmetry, his influence on Steven Weinberg with regards to effective Lagrangians, and his last years as a professor at Harvard University.Less
As soon as Julian Schwinger burst upon the stage, one could hardly doubt that a Nobel Prize was in the offing. Certainly, after his solution of the problems of quantum electrodynamics in the late 1940s the award of the Nobel Prize was just a matter of time. Yet years passed with no news of the award. Clarice Schwinger, his devoted wife, described waiting for the Prize and thought he would get it soon after they got married. When it did not happen, she then decided Julian simply was not going to get it. This chapter looks at Schwinger's winning the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1965 and the attention he received afterwards, his Nobel lecture entitled ‘Relativistic quantum field theory’ delivered in December 1965, his development of the source theory as an alternative to the operator quantum field theory, source theory calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, Schwinger's research on chiral symmetry, his influence on Steven Weinberg with regards to effective Lagrangians, and his last years as a professor at Harvard University.
Charles P. Enz
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198564799
- eISBN:
- 9780191713835
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564799.003.0009
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This chapter begins with a description of Pauli’s stay in Princeton. It details his experiences in the U.S. during the Second World War, the papers he published, and his receipt of the Nobel Prize in ...
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This chapter begins with a description of Pauli’s stay in Princeton. It details his experiences in the U.S. during the Second World War, the papers he published, and his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1945.Less
This chapter begins with a description of Pauli’s stay in Princeton. It details his experiences in the U.S. during the Second World War, the papers he published, and his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1945.
Gordon Fraser
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199208463
- eISBN:
- 9780191708954
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208463.003.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This chapter discusses the life of Abdus Salam. He was born in British India and was a subject of George V, who was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Emperor of India. In 1947, what ...
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This chapter discusses the life of Abdus Salam. He was born in British India and was a subject of George V, who was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Emperor of India. In 1947, what had been British India was torn into two new nations — India, with a majority Hindu population, but with no official state religion, and a new Muslim country, Pakistan. Salam became a citizen of Pakistan while he was an undergraduate at Cambridge University. Among his achievements are setting up his International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, under the banner of the United Nations. He received the Nobel Prize in 1979, which he shared with American scientists Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg.Less
This chapter discusses the life of Abdus Salam. He was born in British India and was a subject of George V, who was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Emperor of India. In 1947, what had been British India was torn into two new nations — India, with a majority Hindu population, but with no official state religion, and a new Muslim country, Pakistan. Salam became a citizen of Pakistan while he was an undergraduate at Cambridge University. Among his achievements are setting up his International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, under the banner of the United Nations. He received the Nobel Prize in 1979, which he shared with American scientists Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg.
Gordon Fraser
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199208463
- eISBN:
- 9780191708954
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208463.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This book presents a biography of Abdus Salam, the first Muslim to win a Nobel Prize for Science (Physics 1979), who was nevertheless excommunicated and branded as a heretic in his own country. His ...
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This book presents a biography of Abdus Salam, the first Muslim to win a Nobel Prize for Science (Physics 1979), who was nevertheless excommunicated and branded as a heretic in his own country. His achievements are often overlooked, even besmirched. Realizing that the whole world had to be his stage, he pioneered the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, a vital focus of Third World science which remains as his monument. A staunch Muslim, he was ashamed of the decline of science in the heritage of Islam, and struggled doggedly to restore it to its former glory. Undermined by his excommunication, these valiant efforts were doomed.Less
This book presents a biography of Abdus Salam, the first Muslim to win a Nobel Prize for Science (Physics 1979), who was nevertheless excommunicated and branded as a heretic in his own country. His achievements are often overlooked, even besmirched. Realizing that the whole world had to be his stage, he pioneered the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, a vital focus of Third World science which remains as his monument. A staunch Muslim, he was ashamed of the decline of science in the heritage of Islam, and struggled doggedly to restore it to its former glory. Undermined by his excommunication, these valiant efforts were doomed.
Avner Offer and Gabriel Söderberg
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196312
- eISBN:
- 9781400883417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196312.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This introductory chapter considers the historical trend in the field of economics. Economists are among the few who aspire to tell society how it should manage. They rarely speak with a single ...
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This introductory chapter considers the historical trend in the field of economics. Economists are among the few who aspire to tell society how it should manage. They rarely speak with a single voice, but that does not diminish their confidence. Society treats them with bafflement and respect. As such, the chapter examines the extent of their expertise and how they have come about it. It asks where their authority comes from and how far it is justified. After all, economic theorizing may be speculative, but its impact is powerful and real. Since the 1970s, it has been associated with a large historical trend, the ‘market turn’ associated with the rising ascendancy of market liberalism, a political and social movement that (like economics) holds up buying and selling as the norm for human relations and for social organization. In this light, the chapter considers how much influence the field of economics exerted over this ‘market turn’ and whether or not it was an improvement from previous models.Less
This introductory chapter considers the historical trend in the field of economics. Economists are among the few who aspire to tell society how it should manage. They rarely speak with a single voice, but that does not diminish their confidence. Society treats them with bafflement and respect. As such, the chapter examines the extent of their expertise and how they have come about it. It asks where their authority comes from and how far it is justified. After all, economic theorizing may be speculative, but its impact is powerful and real. Since the 1970s, it has been associated with a large historical trend, the ‘market turn’ associated with the rising ascendancy of market liberalism, a political and social movement that (like economics) holds up buying and selling as the norm for human relations and for social organization. In this light, the chapter considers how much influence the field of economics exerted over this ‘market turn’ and whether or not it was an improvement from previous models.
Avner Offer and Gabriel Söderberg
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196312
- eISBN:
- 9781400883417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196312.003.0013
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This concluding chapter explains that the influence of economics is at odds with its shortcomings as a philosophy, as a scientific doctrine, and as a set of policy norms. The invisible hand is ...
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This concluding chapter explains that the influence of economics is at odds with its shortcomings as a philosophy, as a scientific doctrine, and as a set of policy norms. The invisible hand is magical thinking, and its repeated disconfirmation has had little effect. On the other hand, economics has a set of empirical disciplines and achievements, with enclaves of technical and even scientific credibility. This suggests some downgrading of authority, but not all the way. Economics is not superior to other sources of authority, but is not necessarily inferior to them either; it should be taken as one voice among many. In that respect, it is rather like Social Democracy. The Nobel Prize committee has been able to maintain the credibility of the prize only by acknowledging that economics does not hang together as a single all-encompassing system of thought. Social Democracy provides an alternative that is pragmatically successful, analytically coherent, economically efficient, ethically attractive, and theoretically modest.Less
This concluding chapter explains that the influence of economics is at odds with its shortcomings as a philosophy, as a scientific doctrine, and as a set of policy norms. The invisible hand is magical thinking, and its repeated disconfirmation has had little effect. On the other hand, economics has a set of empirical disciplines and achievements, with enclaves of technical and even scientific credibility. This suggests some downgrading of authority, but not all the way. Economics is not superior to other sources of authority, but is not necessarily inferior to them either; it should be taken as one voice among many. In that respect, it is rather like Social Democracy. The Nobel Prize committee has been able to maintain the credibility of the prize only by acknowledging that economics does not hang together as a single all-encompassing system of thought. Social Democracy provides an alternative that is pragmatically successful, analytically coherent, economically efficient, ethically attractive, and theoretically modest.
Joel Williamson
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195101294
- eISBN:
- 9780199854233
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101294.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
It was the year 1929 in which the first of William Faulkner's great novels, The Sound and The Fury, was published. It was also the year in which he married Estelle Oldham and thereby, reentered ...
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It was the year 1929 in which the first of William Faulkner's great novels, The Sound and The Fury, was published. It was also the year in which he married Estelle Oldham and thereby, reentered Oxford's tight little world. Both events marked the beginning of a phase of his life that culminated with his taking the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Returning to Oxford in the fall, Faulkner moved his family of four into a sufficient, high-ceilinged, first floor apartment in a large house belonging to Miss Elma Meek at 803 University Avenue. The family needed money immediately, and he took a job as the night supervisor at the university's power plant.Less
It was the year 1929 in which the first of William Faulkner's great novels, The Sound and The Fury, was published. It was also the year in which he married Estelle Oldham and thereby, reentered Oxford's tight little world. Both events marked the beginning of a phase of his life that culminated with his taking the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Returning to Oxford in the fall, Faulkner moved his family of four into a sufficient, high-ceilinged, first floor apartment in a large house belonging to Miss Elma Meek at 803 University Avenue. The family needed money immediately, and he took a job as the night supervisor at the university's power plant.
Graeme K. Hunter
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198529217
- eISBN:
- 9780191712937
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198529217.003.0004
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This chapter focuses on the life of William Lawrence Bragg during World War I. It begins with a description of Bragg's military career. It then describes his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1915. The ...
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This chapter focuses on the life of William Lawrence Bragg during World War I. It begins with a description of Bragg's military career. It then describes his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1915. The magnitude of this achievement is perhaps best shown by the fact that Bragg received the Nobel Prize in Physics before Albert Einstein, who had already interpreted the photoelectric effect and developed the special theory of relativity, and before Max Planck, who had already done the work on black-body radiation that initiated the quantum revolution.Less
This chapter focuses on the life of William Lawrence Bragg during World War I. It begins with a description of Bragg's military career. It then describes his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1915. The magnitude of this achievement is perhaps best shown by the fact that Bragg received the Nobel Prize in Physics before Albert Einstein, who had already interpreted the photoelectric effect and developed the special theory of relativity, and before Max Planck, who had already done the work on black-body radiation that initiated the quantum revolution.
Peter Mansfield
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199664542
- eISBN:
- 9780191758461
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664542.003.0013
- Subject:
- Physics, Soft Matter / Biological Physics, History of Physics
The American Journal “Diagnostic Imaging” speculated about who might be awarded the Nobel Prize for magnetic resonance imaging in 1993. Many people were canvassed for there views in the States and ...
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The American Journal “Diagnostic Imaging” speculated about who might be awarded the Nobel Prize for magnetic resonance imaging in 1993. Many people were canvassed for there views in the States and Europe including Paul Lauterbur and Raymond Damadian. Both Brian Worthington and the author declined to comment. With the passage of time interest and speculation waned and the whole episode was forgotten. He had retired in 1994 but was concentrating on acoustic problems. Following the initial stir of interest in the Nobel further interest had largely been forgotten. For the New Millennium they celebrated with the family at Stapleford Park Country Hotel. One year later he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. Fortunately following a radical prostatectomy, all seems to be well. Efforts in quiet gradient technology intensified. However, on 5 October 2003 he was informed that the Nobel Committee had awarded him and Lauterbur with the Nobel Prize in Medicine. After the shock and excitement they prepared for the trip to Stockholm later in October. A week or so before leaving, Damadian published a two page advertisement in the Times, saying why he should be awarded the Nobel. A translation of this appeared in the Swedish Newspaper the Dagens Nyhetter, timed to appear on the very day of the Nobel Lectures. The week was packed with interesting events and parties culminating with the official Award presentation/ceremony made by King Carl Gustaf. This was followed by a scrumptious meal in the Reception Hall of the Town Hall. The following day, their two daughters left for home. They visited the University of Upsala, met an old friend then returned to Stockholm for a very grand reception and dinner at the royal palace. While there they met personally with Queen Silvia and the King. They returned to England the following day.Less
The American Journal “Diagnostic Imaging” speculated about who might be awarded the Nobel Prize for magnetic resonance imaging in 1993. Many people were canvassed for there views in the States and Europe including Paul Lauterbur and Raymond Damadian. Both Brian Worthington and the author declined to comment. With the passage of time interest and speculation waned and the whole episode was forgotten. He had retired in 1994 but was concentrating on acoustic problems. Following the initial stir of interest in the Nobel further interest had largely been forgotten. For the New Millennium they celebrated with the family at Stapleford Park Country Hotel. One year later he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. Fortunately following a radical prostatectomy, all seems to be well. Efforts in quiet gradient technology intensified. However, on 5 October 2003 he was informed that the Nobel Committee had awarded him and Lauterbur with the Nobel Prize in Medicine. After the shock and excitement they prepared for the trip to Stockholm later in October. A week or so before leaving, Damadian published a two page advertisement in the Times, saying why he should be awarded the Nobel. A translation of this appeared in the Swedish Newspaper the Dagens Nyhetter, timed to appear on the very day of the Nobel Lectures. The week was packed with interesting events and parties culminating with the official Award presentation/ceremony made by King Carl Gustaf. This was followed by a scrumptious meal in the Reception Hall of the Town Hall. The following day, their two daughters left for home. They visited the University of Upsala, met an old friend then returned to Stockholm for a very grand reception and dinner at the royal palace. While there they met personally with Queen Silvia and the King. They returned to England the following day.
Tim Bollerslev, Jeffrey Russell, and Mark Watson (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199549498
- eISBN:
- 9780191720567
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549498.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
Robert Engle received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 2003 for his work in time series econometrics. This book contains 16 original research contributions by some of the leading academic researchers ...
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Robert Engle received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 2003 for his work in time series econometrics. This book contains 16 original research contributions by some of the leading academic researchers in the fields of time series econometrics, forecasting, volatility modelling, financial econometrics and urban economics, along with historical perspectives related to the field of time series econometrics more generally. Engle's Nobel Prize citation focuses on his path-breaking work on autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH), and the profound effect that this work has had on the field of financial econometrics. Several of the chapters focus on conditional heteroskedasticity, and develop the ideas of Engle's Nobel Prize-winning work. Engle's work has had its most profound effect on the modelling of financial variables, and several of the chapters use newly developed time series methods to study the behaviour of financial variables. Each of the 16 chapters may be read in isolation, but they all build on and relate to the seminal work by Nobel Laureate Robert F. Engle.Less
Robert Engle received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 2003 for his work in time series econometrics. This book contains 16 original research contributions by some of the leading academic researchers in the fields of time series econometrics, forecasting, volatility modelling, financial econometrics and urban economics, along with historical perspectives related to the field of time series econometrics more generally. Engle's Nobel Prize citation focuses on his path-breaking work on autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH), and the profound effect that this work has had on the field of financial econometrics. Several of the chapters focus on conditional heteroskedasticity, and develop the ideas of Engle's Nobel Prize-winning work. Engle's work has had its most profound effect on the modelling of financial variables, and several of the chapters use newly developed time series methods to study the behaviour of financial variables. Each of the 16 chapters may be read in isolation, but they all build on and relate to the seminal work by Nobel Laureate Robert F. Engle.
John Jenkin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199235209
- eISBN:
- 9780191715631
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235209.003.00018
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
Wartime Nobel Prizes were honoured in Sweden in 1920, but William declined because ‘several Germans are going’. Lawrence returned to Cambridge, met Alice Hopkinson, but was appointed to succeed ...
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Wartime Nobel Prizes were honoured in Sweden in 1920, but William declined because ‘several Germans are going’. Lawrence returned to Cambridge, met Alice Hopkinson, but was appointed to succeed Rutherford in Manchester, where staff and returned students were hostile. Things improved in 1921: Lawrence was elected FRS, became engaged to Alice, and teaching and research blossomed. The ‘Manchester School’ of X-ray analysis was formed, with the Bragg-James-Bosanquet collaboration at its centre. Lawrence concentrated on inorganic materials, while William began to examine organic crystals. William rebuilt his department from the ashes of war, gathered a formidable research team, and lectured widely, becoming the voice of science in Britain. He returned to the nature of radiation and was delighted when Arthur Compton, persuaded by one of William's Adelaide and Leeds' students, showed conclusively that it had both wave and particle characteristics.Less
Wartime Nobel Prizes were honoured in Sweden in 1920, but William declined because ‘several Germans are going’. Lawrence returned to Cambridge, met Alice Hopkinson, but was appointed to succeed Rutherford in Manchester, where staff and returned students were hostile. Things improved in 1921: Lawrence was elected FRS, became engaged to Alice, and teaching and research blossomed. The ‘Manchester School’ of X-ray analysis was formed, with the Bragg-James-Bosanquet collaboration at its centre. Lawrence concentrated on inorganic materials, while William began to examine organic crystals. William rebuilt his department from the ashes of war, gathered a formidable research team, and lectured widely, becoming the voice of science in Britain. He returned to the nature of radiation and was delighted when Arthur Compton, persuaded by one of William's Adelaide and Leeds' students, showed conclusively that it had both wave and particle characteristics.
Graeme K. Hunter
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198529217
- eISBN:
- 9780191712937
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198529217.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This book is a biography of William Lawrence Bragg, who was only twenty-five when he won the 1915 Nobel Prize in physics — the youngest person ever to win a Nobel Prize. It describes how Bragg ...
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This book is a biography of William Lawrence Bragg, who was only twenty-five when he won the 1915 Nobel Prize in physics — the youngest person ever to win a Nobel Prize. It describes how Bragg discovered the use of X-rays to determine the arrangement of atoms in crystals and his pivotal role in developing this technique to the point that structures of the most complex molecules known to man — the proteins and nucleic acids — could be solved. Although Bragg's Nobel Prize was for physics, his research profoundly affected chemistry and the new field of molecular biology, of which he became a founding figure — he was director of the research department where Crick and Watson discovered the structure of DNA. He held a number of important scientific posts, including Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics at Cambridge University and Director of the Royal Institution of Great Britain. This book explains how these revolutionary scientific events occurred while Bragg struggled to emerge from the shadow of his father, Sir William Bragg, and amidst a career-long rivalry with the brilliant American chemist, Linus Pauling.Less
This book is a biography of William Lawrence Bragg, who was only twenty-five when he won the 1915 Nobel Prize in physics — the youngest person ever to win a Nobel Prize. It describes how Bragg discovered the use of X-rays to determine the arrangement of atoms in crystals and his pivotal role in developing this technique to the point that structures of the most complex molecules known to man — the proteins and nucleic acids — could be solved. Although Bragg's Nobel Prize was for physics, his research profoundly affected chemistry and the new field of molecular biology, of which he became a founding figure — he was director of the research department where Crick and Watson discovered the structure of DNA. He held a number of important scientific posts, including Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics at Cambridge University and Director of the Royal Institution of Great Britain. This book explains how these revolutionary scientific events occurred while Bragg struggled to emerge from the shadow of his father, Sir William Bragg, and amidst a career-long rivalry with the brilliant American chemist, Linus Pauling.
Avner Offer and Gabriel Söderberg
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196312
- eISBN:
- 9781400883417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196312.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This chapter looks at how Swedish Social Democracy was eventually challenged by the doctrines honoured by the prize it had created. Economists first took their place among the Nobel Prize winners in ...
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This chapter looks at how Swedish Social Democracy was eventually challenged by the doctrines honoured by the prize it had created. Economists first took their place among the Nobel Prize winners in 1969, at the height of the golden age of Social Democracy in Sweden. The prize was paid by the central bank out of public money. However, a chronic economic crisis in the 1970s drove voters away from Social Democracy and towards a market liberalism which finally prevailed (for a while) in the 1990s. The focus here is on the role of economic theory. For this purpose, the travails of Social Democracy are followed as they affected the public trajectory of Assar Lindbeck (b. 1930), ‘the key figure in Swedish economics’. The discipline of economics in Sweden mostly spoke with one voice in this period, so this method provides for a sharp focus and fewer words.Less
This chapter looks at how Swedish Social Democracy was eventually challenged by the doctrines honoured by the prize it had created. Economists first took their place among the Nobel Prize winners in 1969, at the height of the golden age of Social Democracy in Sweden. The prize was paid by the central bank out of public money. However, a chronic economic crisis in the 1970s drove voters away from Social Democracy and towards a market liberalism which finally prevailed (for a while) in the 1990s. The focus here is on the role of economic theory. For this purpose, the travails of Social Democracy are followed as they affected the public trajectory of Assar Lindbeck (b. 1930), ‘the key figure in Swedish economics’. The discipline of economics in Sweden mostly spoke with one voice in this period, so this method provides for a sharp focus and fewer words.
Howard Felperin
- Published in print:
- 1986
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198128960
- eISBN:
- 9780191671746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198128960.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
In the unlikely event that some Nobel Prize committee of the future decides to honour the discoverers of so anti-humanistic a concept as deconstruction, it will be faced with more than the usual ...
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In the unlikely event that some Nobel Prize committee of the future decides to honour the discoverers of so anti-humanistic a concept as deconstruction, it will be faced with more than the usual difficulties in determining where to bestow the award. The search for the founder or originator of the discourse of deconstruction, flagrantly post-modernist and avant-garde as it is, would discover, upon examination of its major texts, a number of earlier candidates already nominated as worthy of the honour. The short-list of nominees might well have to stretch back behind the deconstructors of the present to include those relatively recent inquisitors of language who underwrite their work. While Nobel Prizes are often awarded belatedly or retrospectively, such an infinite regress of likely candidates for the dubious title of ‘founding father of deconstruction’ would make something of a mockery or a nonsense of the committee's august deliberations. This chapter discusses literary theory and literary criticism, structuralism, Marxism, and the nature of language and textuality in relation to the Nobel Prize.Less
In the unlikely event that some Nobel Prize committee of the future decides to honour the discoverers of so anti-humanistic a concept as deconstruction, it will be faced with more than the usual difficulties in determining where to bestow the award. The search for the founder or originator of the discourse of deconstruction, flagrantly post-modernist and avant-garde as it is, would discover, upon examination of its major texts, a number of earlier candidates already nominated as worthy of the honour. The short-list of nominees might well have to stretch back behind the deconstructors of the present to include those relatively recent inquisitors of language who underwrite their work. While Nobel Prizes are often awarded belatedly or retrospectively, such an infinite regress of likely candidates for the dubious title of ‘founding father of deconstruction’ would make something of a mockery or a nonsense of the committee's august deliberations. This chapter discusses literary theory and literary criticism, structuralism, Marxism, and the nature of language and textuality in relation to the Nobel Prize.
