Michael Kimmage
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804781824
- eISBN:
- 9780804783675
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804781824.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
This book concentrates on the literature of Philip Roth, one of America's greatest writers, and in particular on American Pastoral, I Married a Communist, and The Human Stain. Each of these novels ...
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This book concentrates on the literature of Philip Roth, one of America's greatest writers, and in particular on American Pastoral, I Married a Communist, and The Human Stain. Each of these novels from the 1990s uses Newark, New Jersey, to explore American history and character. Each features a protagonist who grows up in and then leaves Newark, after which he is undone by a historically generated crisis. The city's twentieth-century decline from immigrant metropolis to postindustrial disaster completes the motif of history and its terrifying power over individual destiny. This book is the first critical study to foreground the city of Newark as the source of Roth's inspiration, and to scrutinize a subject Roth was accused of avoiding as a younger writer—history. In so doing, the book brings together the two halves of Roth's decades-long career: the first featuring characters who live outside of history's grip; the second, characters entrapped in historical patterns beyond their ken and control.Less
This book concentrates on the literature of Philip Roth, one of America's greatest writers, and in particular on American Pastoral, I Married a Communist, and The Human Stain. Each of these novels from the 1990s uses Newark, New Jersey, to explore American history and character. Each features a protagonist who grows up in and then leaves Newark, after which he is undone by a historically generated crisis. The city's twentieth-century decline from immigrant metropolis to postindustrial disaster completes the motif of history and its terrifying power over individual destiny. This book is the first critical study to foreground the city of Newark as the source of Roth's inspiration, and to scrutinize a subject Roth was accused of avoiding as a younger writer—history. In so doing, the book brings together the two halves of Roth's decades-long career: the first featuring characters who live outside of history's grip; the second, characters entrapped in historical patterns beyond their ken and control.
Thomas A. McCabe
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823233106
- eISBN:
- 9780823234950
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823233106.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Just outside downtown Newark, New Jersey, sits an abbey and school. For more than 150 years Benedictine monks have lived, worked, and prayed on High Street, a once-grand thoroughfare ...
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Just outside downtown Newark, New Jersey, sits an abbey and school. For more than 150 years Benedictine monks have lived, worked, and prayed on High Street, a once-grand thoroughfare that became Newark's Skid Row and a focal point of the 1967 riots. St. Benedict's today has become a model of a successful inner-city school, with 95% of its graduates—mainly African American and Latino boys—going on to college. This book tells how the monks of St. Benedict's transformed their venerable yet outdated school to become a thriving part of the community that helped save a faltering city. In the 1960s, after a trinity of woes—massive deindustrialization, high-speed suburbanization, and racial violence—caused an exodus from Newark, St. Benedict's struggled to remain open. Enrollment in general dwindled, and fewer students enrolled from the surrounding community. The monks watched the violence of the 1967 riots from the school's rooftop along High Street. In the riot's aftermath more families fled what some called “the worst city in America.” The school closed in 1972, in what seemed to be just another funeral for an urban Catholic school. A few monks, inspired by the Benedictine virtues of stability and adaptability, reopened St. Benedict's only one year later with a bare-bones staff. Their new mission was to bring to young African American and Latino males the same opportunities that German and Irish immigrants had had 150 years before. More than thirty years later, St. Benedict's is one of the most unusual schools in the country. Its remarkable success shows that American education can bridge the achievement gap between white and black, as well as that between rich and poor.Less
Just outside downtown Newark, New Jersey, sits an abbey and school. For more than 150 years Benedictine monks have lived, worked, and prayed on High Street, a once-grand thoroughfare that became Newark's Skid Row and a focal point of the 1967 riots. St. Benedict's today has become a model of a successful inner-city school, with 95% of its graduates—mainly African American and Latino boys—going on to college. This book tells how the monks of St. Benedict's transformed their venerable yet outdated school to become a thriving part of the community that helped save a faltering city. In the 1960s, after a trinity of woes—massive deindustrialization, high-speed suburbanization, and racial violence—caused an exodus from Newark, St. Benedict's struggled to remain open. Enrollment in general dwindled, and fewer students enrolled from the surrounding community. The monks watched the violence of the 1967 riots from the school's rooftop along High Street. In the riot's aftermath more families fled what some called “the worst city in America.” The school closed in 1972, in what seemed to be just another funeral for an urban Catholic school. A few monks, inspired by the Benedictine virtues of stability and adaptability, reopened St. Benedict's only one year later with a bare-bones staff. Their new mission was to bring to young African American and Latino males the same opportunities that German and Irish immigrants had had 150 years before. More than thirty years later, St. Benedict's is one of the most unusual schools in the country. Its remarkable success shows that American education can bridge the achievement gap between white and black, as well as that between rich and poor.
James A. Percoco
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823228959
- eISBN:
- 9780823234981
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823228959.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Across the country, in the middle of busy city squares and hidden on quiet streets, there are nearly 200 statues erected in memory of Abraham Lincoln. No other American has ever been ...
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Across the country, in the middle of busy city squares and hidden on quiet streets, there are nearly 200 statues erected in memory of Abraham Lincoln. No other American has ever been so widely commemorated. A few years ago, anticipating the bicentennial of Lincoln's birth in 2009, the author, a history teacher with a passion for both Lincoln and public sculpture, set off to see what he might learn about some of these monuments—what they meant when they were unveiled, and what they mean to us today. The result is this book, a chronicle of four summers on the road looking for Lincoln stories in statues of marble and bronze. Of all the monuments, the author selects seven emblematic ones. He begins and ends the journey in Washington, starting with Thomas Ball's Emancipation Group, erected east of the Capitol in 1876 with private funds from African Americans, and dedicated by Frederick Douglass. Here, the author and his multi-ethnic band of teenage historians explore the impact of this Freedman's Monument showing Lincoln and a kneeling freed bondsperson. What does the statute say about race and freedom to today's Americans? What did Ball—and his sponsors—want it to say? From Augustus Saint-Gaudens's majestic Standing Lincoln of 1887 in Chicago, which helped move our image of Lincoln from great emancipator to that of statesman, to Paul Manship's 1932 Lincoln the Hoosier Youth, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, which glows with an art deco sleekness, the author mines a wealth of Lincoln legacies—and our reactions to them expressed across generations. Here are controversial gems like Barnard's 1917 tribute in Cincinnati and Borglum's Seated Lincoln, struggling with the pain of leadership, beckoning visitors to sit next to him on his metal bench in Newark, New Jersey. At each stop, the author chronicles the history of each monument, spotlighting its artistic, social, political, and cultural origins. His descriptions of works so often seen as clichés tease fresh meaning from mute stone and cold metal—raising provocative questions not just about who Lincoln might have been, but also about what we've wanted him to be in the monuments we've built.Less
Across the country, in the middle of busy city squares and hidden on quiet streets, there are nearly 200 statues erected in memory of Abraham Lincoln. No other American has ever been so widely commemorated. A few years ago, anticipating the bicentennial of Lincoln's birth in 2009, the author, a history teacher with a passion for both Lincoln and public sculpture, set off to see what he might learn about some of these monuments—what they meant when they were unveiled, and what they mean to us today. The result is this book, a chronicle of four summers on the road looking for Lincoln stories in statues of marble and bronze. Of all the monuments, the author selects seven emblematic ones. He begins and ends the journey in Washington, starting with Thomas Ball's Emancipation Group, erected east of the Capitol in 1876 with private funds from African Americans, and dedicated by Frederick Douglass. Here, the author and his multi-ethnic band of teenage historians explore the impact of this Freedman's Monument showing Lincoln and a kneeling freed bondsperson. What does the statute say about race and freedom to today's Americans? What did Ball—and his sponsors—want it to say? From Augustus Saint-Gaudens's majestic Standing Lincoln of 1887 in Chicago, which helped move our image of Lincoln from great emancipator to that of statesman, to Paul Manship's 1932 Lincoln the Hoosier Youth, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, which glows with an art deco sleekness, the author mines a wealth of Lincoln legacies—and our reactions to them expressed across generations. Here are controversial gems like Barnard's 1917 tribute in Cincinnati and Borglum's Seated Lincoln, struggling with the pain of leadership, beckoning visitors to sit next to him on his metal bench in Newark, New Jersey. At each stop, the author chronicles the history of each monument, spotlighting its artistic, social, political, and cultural origins. His descriptions of works so often seen as clichés tease fresh meaning from mute stone and cold metal—raising provocative questions not just about who Lincoln might have been, but also about what we've wanted him to be in the monuments we've built.
James A. Percoco
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823228959
- eISBN:
- 9780823234981
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823228959.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Newark today is a city of 123 square miles, one of the most segregated in the United States. Against this backdrop we are here to encounter Gutzon Borglum's Lincoln. Of all ...
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Newark today is a city of 123 square miles, one of the most segregated in the United States. Against this backdrop we are here to encounter Gutzon Borglum's Lincoln. Of all the great Abraham Lincoln sculptors who created more than one statue to Lincoln, Borglum was the only one who got it right every time. This is not a magisterial statesman, but rather a human president trying to come to grips with a war that had ripped the nation in two. Borglum's Newark Lincoln was a radical departure from Lincoln sculptures up to this point. Lincoln is seated on a simple bench, rather than in a chair of state. Lincoln is close to the earth; there is no pedestal from which he can be knocked. Borglum's decisions make Lincoln more accessible, and in the intervening years people of all creeds and races have been photographed sitting next to the statue.Less
Newark today is a city of 123 square miles, one of the most segregated in the United States. Against this backdrop we are here to encounter Gutzon Borglum's Lincoln. Of all the great Abraham Lincoln sculptors who created more than one statue to Lincoln, Borglum was the only one who got it right every time. This is not a magisterial statesman, but rather a human president trying to come to grips with a war that had ripped the nation in two. Borglum's Newark Lincoln was a radical departure from Lincoln sculptures up to this point. Lincoln is seated on a simple bench, rather than in a chair of state. Lincoln is close to the earth; there is no pedestal from which he can be knocked. Borglum's decisions make Lincoln more accessible, and in the intervening years people of all creeds and races have been photographed sitting next to the statue.
Thomas A. McCabe
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823233106
- eISBN:
- 9780823234950
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823233106.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter discusses the founding of St. Benedict's and examines its status as a day college for young men. On December 22, 1870, four priests huddled in the pastoral ...
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This chapter discusses the founding of St. Benedict's and examines its status as a day college for young men. On December 22, 1870, four priests huddled in the pastoral residence of St. Mary's Church to adopt bylaws for the Order of St. Benedict of New Jersey. Abbott Wimmer reasoned, “Only God can create something out of nothing” , which led him to believe that first it should be taught what is necessary, then what is useful, and finally what is beautiful and this will contribute to refinement. St. Benedict's was not interested solely in matters of the mind, as the monk-teachers wanted to look after the souls of their earthly charges too. The year 1885 proved to be momentous for the monks and students on High Street. The monastery was elevated to abbatial status and a native Newarker, James Zilliox, was its first spiritual leader.Less
This chapter discusses the founding of St. Benedict's and examines its status as a day college for young men. On December 22, 1870, four priests huddled in the pastoral residence of St. Mary's Church to adopt bylaws for the Order of St. Benedict of New Jersey. Abbott Wimmer reasoned, “Only God can create something out of nothing” , which led him to believe that first it should be taught what is necessary, then what is useful, and finally what is beautiful and this will contribute to refinement. St. Benedict's was not interested solely in matters of the mind, as the monk-teachers wanted to look after the souls of their earthly charges too. The year 1885 proved to be momentous for the monks and students on High Street. The monastery was elevated to abbatial status and a native Newarker, James Zilliox, was its first spiritual leader.
Thomas A. McCabe
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823233106
- eISBN:
- 9780823234950
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823233106.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter discusses the reservations of Abbot Patrick for the building of a new and greater St. Benedict's and moving the school, and the consequences of transferring the ...
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This chapter discusses the reservations of Abbot Patrick for the building of a new and greater St. Benedict's and moving the school, and the consequences of transferring the title of abbey to Morristown. Ironically, as Abbot Patrick and his fellow monks debated their future in Newark in the late 1950s and early 1960s, St. Benedict's was a thriving, self-confident institution at the peak of its influence. In May 24, 1956, Abbot Patrick asked his fellow monks to discuss two proposals: the first, to keep the abbey on High Street and develop the site in Newark while keeping Morristown as a dependency; and the second, to transfer the title of the abbey to Morristown and establish Newark as a dependency. The sense of accomplishment and timelessness at St. Benedict's was shattered by the dramatic changes wrought by events of the 1960s, including the civil rights movement and the Second Vatican Council.Less
This chapter discusses the reservations of Abbot Patrick for the building of a new and greater St. Benedict's and moving the school, and the consequences of transferring the title of abbey to Morristown. Ironically, as Abbot Patrick and his fellow monks debated their future in Newark in the late 1950s and early 1960s, St. Benedict's was a thriving, self-confident institution at the peak of its influence. In May 24, 1956, Abbot Patrick asked his fellow monks to discuss two proposals: the first, to keep the abbey on High Street and develop the site in Newark while keeping Morristown as a dependency; and the second, to transfer the title of the abbey to Morristown and establish Newark as a dependency. The sense of accomplishment and timelessness at St. Benedict's was shattered by the dramatic changes wrought by events of the 1960s, including the civil rights movement and the Second Vatican Council.
Thomas A. McCabe
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823233106
- eISBN:
- 9780823234950
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823233106.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter provides an account of the Newark riots that took place on July 4 1967 and July 12 1967, and the closing of St. Benedict's. In 1967, several neighborhood men tried ...
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This chapter provides an account of the Newark riots that took place on July 4 1967 and July 12 1967, and the closing of St. Benedict's. In 1967, several neighborhood men tried to break in to the Masonic temple across the street. Eight nights later, several monks again stood on the rooftop, where they saw the first of six nights of looting and rioting, some of it just outside St. Benedict's doors. Abbot Martin Burne was an optimist who helped the Newark monastery achieve its independence for the second time in 1968. However after the election of Abbot Ambrose, it became clear that the issue of the school, and the issue of race, split the community in two. The divide was so wide, and disagreement so deep, that the monastic family became virtually dysfunctional by 1971. A year later, St. Benedict's closed.Less
This chapter provides an account of the Newark riots that took place on July 4 1967 and July 12 1967, and the closing of St. Benedict's. In 1967, several neighborhood men tried to break in to the Masonic temple across the street. Eight nights later, several monks again stood on the rooftop, where they saw the first of six nights of looting and rioting, some of it just outside St. Benedict's doors. Abbot Martin Burne was an optimist who helped the Newark monastery achieve its independence for the second time in 1968. However after the election of Abbot Ambrose, it became clear that the issue of the school, and the issue of race, split the community in two. The divide was so wide, and disagreement so deep, that the monastic family became virtually dysfunctional by 1971. A year later, St. Benedict's closed.
Mark Krasovic
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226352794
- eISBN:
- 9780226352824
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226352824.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book follows community action – the idea, popular in the years of the Great Society, that marginalized people should participate in designing and implementing public programs that affect their ...
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This book follows community action – the idea, popular in the years of the Great Society, that marginalized people should participate in designing and implementing public programs that affect their lives – as it plays out in Newark, New Jersey, over the course of the 1960s. It focuses on three main manifestations of this idea: the War on Poverty’s Community Action Program, police-community relations programs, and investigative riot commissions. Newark, the book argues, is where community action was stretched to its limits: where locals grabbed hold of the idea and the federal resources that animated it and used them to shape policy, programs, and cultural narratives to their own ends. They recognized community action as a political, even more than an economic, opportunity as they sought greater access to the city’s urban renewal plans, its police department, and city hall itself. This movement produced a response from those hoping to secure existing structures of power, often using their own version of community action. After Newark’s 1967 riots, detractors at the local and national levels turned on community action as the cause, while its proponents used its resources to attempt an alternative reading of events. In the aftermath, as federal support for community action declined and resources were diverted increasingly toward law enforcement and market-oriented modes of urban development, Newarkers found new outlets for their political energy in electoral drives toward city hall and new tools of community development.Less
This book follows community action – the idea, popular in the years of the Great Society, that marginalized people should participate in designing and implementing public programs that affect their lives – as it plays out in Newark, New Jersey, over the course of the 1960s. It focuses on three main manifestations of this idea: the War on Poverty’s Community Action Program, police-community relations programs, and investigative riot commissions. Newark, the book argues, is where community action was stretched to its limits: where locals grabbed hold of the idea and the federal resources that animated it and used them to shape policy, programs, and cultural narratives to their own ends. They recognized community action as a political, even more than an economic, opportunity as they sought greater access to the city’s urban renewal plans, its police department, and city hall itself. This movement produced a response from those hoping to secure existing structures of power, often using their own version of community action. After Newark’s 1967 riots, detractors at the local and national levels turned on community action as the cause, while its proponents used its resources to attempt an alternative reading of events. In the aftermath, as federal support for community action declined and resources were diverted increasingly toward law enforcement and market-oriented modes of urban development, Newarkers found new outlets for their political energy in electoral drives toward city hall and new tools of community development.
John Waldman
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823249855
- eISBN:
- 9780823252589
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823249855.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Environmental History
Despite major environmental degradation, Newark Bay--a corner of New York Harbor—is brimming with life. The Harbor's high biodiversity has been noted since the earliest European explorers. This ...
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Despite major environmental degradation, Newark Bay--a corner of New York Harbor—is brimming with life. The Harbor's high biodiversity has been noted since the earliest European explorers. This diversity includes odd tropical fishes that arrive via the Gulf Stream and local residents of high historical or contemporary importance for food and sport such as oysters, sturgeon, eels, and striped bass. There also has been a strong recovery of wading birds such as herons, egrets, and ibis.Less
Despite major environmental degradation, Newark Bay--a corner of New York Harbor—is brimming with life. The Harbor's high biodiversity has been noted since the earliest European explorers. This diversity includes odd tropical fishes that arrive via the Gulf Stream and local residents of high historical or contemporary importance for food and sport such as oysters, sturgeon, eels, and striped bass. There also has been a strong recovery of wading birds such as herons, egrets, and ibis.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804781824
- eISBN:
- 9780804783675
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804781824.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
Newark is a small city in New Jersey, a sad, unwelcoming place with a sinister aura, with a meager skyline that stands in stark contrast to a vast expanse of crumbling buildings, streets, and ...
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Newark is a small city in New Jersey, a sad, unwelcoming place with a sinister aura, with a meager skyline that stands in stark contrast to a vast expanse of crumbling buildings, streets, and neighborhoods. Yet Newark occupies a place in American history, whether we talk about the War of 1812, the Civil War, industrialization, mass immigration, the rioting and unrest that took place in the late 1960s, or the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It is also the setting for Philip Roth's fiction, including his three novels, sometimes called the American trilogy but more accurately can be called the Newark trilogy: American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000). Roth, who grew up in Newark, uses it as a vehicle for exploring American character in conjunction with American history. In the Newark trilogy, he re-creates the history of Newark on a grand scale and makes such history interchangeable with the city.Less
Newark is a small city in New Jersey, a sad, unwelcoming place with a sinister aura, with a meager skyline that stands in stark contrast to a vast expanse of crumbling buildings, streets, and neighborhoods. Yet Newark occupies a place in American history, whether we talk about the War of 1812, the Civil War, industrialization, mass immigration, the rioting and unrest that took place in the late 1960s, or the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It is also the setting for Philip Roth's fiction, including his three novels, sometimes called the American trilogy but more accurately can be called the Newark trilogy: American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000). Roth, who grew up in Newark, uses it as a vehicle for exploring American character in conjunction with American history. In the Newark trilogy, he re-creates the history of Newark on a grand scale and makes such history interchangeable with the city.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804781824
- eISBN:
- 9780804783675
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804781824.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
One of the oldest cities in America, Newark was founded in 1666 by Puritans from Connecticut who wanted to start a new life on new soil. In his three novels, the so-called Newark trilogy—American ...
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One of the oldest cities in America, Newark was founded in 1666 by Puritans from Connecticut who wanted to start a new life on new soil. In his three novels, the so-called Newark trilogy—American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000)—Philip Roth presents Newark as a riddle that defines everything and yet is a place of metamorphosis itself. The protagonists are set in motion by a moving city, intent on leaving the city. As a riddle, Newark resurfaces (often uninvited) as the unchanging terrain of childhood, in the psychic landscape of its many children who may be far away from New Jersey. In its first four decades, Newark suffered from the Great Depression and World War II, only to recover both industrially and economically, as seen by the construction of a metropolis inhabited by Irish, Italians, Germans, Slavs, Jews, and blacks.Less
One of the oldest cities in America, Newark was founded in 1666 by Puritans from Connecticut who wanted to start a new life on new soil. In his three novels, the so-called Newark trilogy—American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000)—Philip Roth presents Newark as a riddle that defines everything and yet is a place of metamorphosis itself. The protagonists are set in motion by a moving city, intent on leaving the city. As a riddle, Newark resurfaces (often uninvited) as the unchanging terrain of childhood, in the psychic landscape of its many children who may be far away from New Jersey. In its first four decades, Newark suffered from the Great Depression and World War II, only to recover both industrially and economically, as seen by the construction of a metropolis inhabited by Irish, Italians, Germans, Slavs, Jews, and blacks.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804781824
- eISBN:
- 9780804783675
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804781824.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
In Philip Roth's Newark trilogy—American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000)—there is no discreet moment of departure. There is no packing of bags, or train ...
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In Philip Roth's Newark trilogy—American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000)—there is no discreet moment of departure. There is no packing of bags, or train leaving the station, or hand waving goodbye. In other words, leaving Newark is a natural and liberating experience. America rewards leaving or does not seem to punish those who leave. Roth's three protagonists leave to embrace America, not to liberate themselves from it. In a lot of ways, the Newark trilogy is haunted by Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, where Ishmael, the melancholic New Yorker, embarks on a long journey. Two other novels by Roth, Sabbath's Theater and Goodbye, Columbus, also deal with leaving, while William Shakespeare's drama Julius Caesar is an anachronistic, illuminating commentary on the Newark trilogy.Less
In Philip Roth's Newark trilogy—American Pastoral (1997), I Married a Communist (1998), and The Human Stain (2000)—there is no discreet moment of departure. There is no packing of bags, or train leaving the station, or hand waving goodbye. In other words, leaving Newark is a natural and liberating experience. America rewards leaving or does not seem to punish those who leave. Roth's three protagonists leave to embrace America, not to liberate themselves from it. In a lot of ways, the Newark trilogy is haunted by Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, where Ishmael, the melancholic New Yorker, embarks on a long journey. Two other novels by Roth, Sabbath's Theater and Goodbye, Columbus, also deal with leaving, while William Shakespeare's drama Julius Caesar is an anachronistic, illuminating commentary on the Newark trilogy.
Mark Krasovic
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226352794
- eISBN:
- 9780226352824
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226352824.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter tells the story of how the Great Society’s vision of community action intersected with the Newark Police Department. It provides a historical sketch of the history of police reform in ...
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This chapter tells the story of how the Great Society’s vision of community action intersected with the Newark Police Department. It provides a historical sketch of the history of police reform in Newark, which, as in many places, produced distance and hostility between the department and, especially, the increasingly black community it served. Several efforts to open the department to the community are covered – including citizen observers and various police-community training efforts, including one funded via President Johnson’s pioneering investments in local law enforcement – as is the rearguard action waged by the police department and its largely white supporters, for whom the department was the last administrative redoubt in an increasingly black city.Less
This chapter tells the story of how the Great Society’s vision of community action intersected with the Newark Police Department. It provides a historical sketch of the history of police reform in Newark, which, as in many places, produced distance and hostility between the department and, especially, the increasingly black community it served. Several efforts to open the department to the community are covered – including citizen observers and various police-community training efforts, including one funded via President Johnson’s pioneering investments in local law enforcement – as is the rearguard action waged by the police department and its largely white supporters, for whom the department was the last administrative redoubt in an increasingly black city.
Bradley T. Lepper
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034553
- eISBN:
- 9780813039190
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034553.003.0005
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Prehistoric Archaeology
This chapter situates the Newark Earthworks, probably the most complex of known Ohio Hopewellian works, within the larger framework of the Raccoon Valley and shows that understanding the former ...
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This chapter situates the Newark Earthworks, probably the most complex of known Ohio Hopewellian works, within the larger framework of the Raccoon Valley and shows that understanding the former requires appreciation of the complexity of the overall history of earthwork construction. As per an archaeological perspective, it is a ceremonial landscape but evidence is available to show that habitation sites were present throughout the area in close proximity to the earthworks. The chapter outlines the archaeology of the Newark Earthworks as well as the Raccoon Creek Valley. The chapter also tries to depict the Newark Earthworks as a ritual machine and even as a pilgrimage centre.Less
This chapter situates the Newark Earthworks, probably the most complex of known Ohio Hopewellian works, within the larger framework of the Raccoon Valley and shows that understanding the former requires appreciation of the complexity of the overall history of earthwork construction. As per an archaeological perspective, it is a ceremonial landscape but evidence is available to show that habitation sites were present throughout the area in close proximity to the earthworks. The chapter outlines the archaeology of the Newark Earthworks as well as the Raccoon Creek Valley. The chapter also tries to depict the Newark Earthworks as a ritual machine and even as a pilgrimage centre.
Hively Ray and Horn Robert
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034553
- eISBN:
- 9780813039190
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034553.003.0006
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Prehistoric Archaeology
This chapter is an extension of pioneer work on the astronomical alignments of the geometrical earthworks of Newark and Chillicothe with a more global approach, not only situating the Newark ...
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This chapter is an extension of pioneer work on the astronomical alignments of the geometrical earthworks of Newark and Chillicothe with a more global approach, not only situating the Newark Earthworks within the wider natural landscape of the Raccoon Valley but also directing their attention to the Chillicothe region, undertaking a very ambitious analysis of how the multiple, large-scale earthworks of this region may be deliberately aligned both with one another and with local natural-astronomical points of relevance.Less
This chapter is an extension of pioneer work on the astronomical alignments of the geometrical earthworks of Newark and Chillicothe with a more global approach, not only situating the Newark Earthworks within the wider natural landscape of the Raccoon Valley but also directing their attention to the Chillicothe region, undertaking a very ambitious analysis of how the multiple, large-scale earthworks of this region may be deliberately aligned both with one another and with local natural-astronomical points of relevance.
Jon Shelton
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040870
- eISBN:
- 9780252099373
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040870.003.0003
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
This chapter chronicles the growing conflict between the Black Power movement—an extension of the civil rights movement seeking the formation of black political and community institutions—and ...
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This chapter chronicles the growing conflict between the Black Power movement—an extension of the civil rights movement seeking the formation of black political and community institutions—and unionized public employees in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Beginning with the United Federation of Teachers strike in 1968 over community control in Ocean Hill-Brownsville (New York City), the chapter also shows how two teacher strikes in Newark (1970, 1971) drove apart the Black community and a majority white teacher union. A close examination of letters to the imprisoned President of the American Federation of Teachers shows that critics of both urban black populations and unionized teachers had begun to link the two groups together as “unproductive” threats to law and order and economic prosperity.Less
This chapter chronicles the growing conflict between the Black Power movement—an extension of the civil rights movement seeking the formation of black political and community institutions—and unionized public employees in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Beginning with the United Federation of Teachers strike in 1968 over community control in Ocean Hill-Brownsville (New York City), the chapter also shows how two teacher strikes in Newark (1970, 1971) drove apart the Black community and a majority white teacher union. A close examination of letters to the imprisoned President of the American Federation of Teachers shows that critics of both urban black populations and unionized teachers had begun to link the two groups together as “unproductive” threats to law and order and economic prosperity.
Andra Gillespie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814732441
- eISBN:
- 9780814738689
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814732441.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
At the beginning of the 21st century, a vanguard of young, affluent black leadership has emerged, often clashing with older generations of black leadership for power. The 2002 Newark mayoral race, ...
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At the beginning of the 21st century, a vanguard of young, affluent black leadership has emerged, often clashing with older generations of black leadership for power. The 2002 Newark mayoral race, which featured a contentious battle between the young black challenger Cory Booker and the more established black incumbent Sharpe James, was one of a series of contests in which young, well-educated, moderate black politicians challenged civil rights veterans for power. This book uses Newark as a case study to explain the breakdown of racial unity in black politics, describing how black political entrepreneurs build the political alliances that allow them to be more diversely established with the electorate. The book shows that while both poor and affluent blacks pay lip service to racial cohesion and to continuing the goals of the Civil Rights Movement, the reality is that both groups harbor different visions of how to achieve those goals and what those goals will look like once achieved. This, it argues, leads to class conflict and a very public breakdown in black political unity, providing further evidence of the futility of identifying a single cadre of leadership for black communities. The book provides an on the ground understanding of contemporary Black and mayoral politics.Less
At the beginning of the 21st century, a vanguard of young, affluent black leadership has emerged, often clashing with older generations of black leadership for power. The 2002 Newark mayoral race, which featured a contentious battle between the young black challenger Cory Booker and the more established black incumbent Sharpe James, was one of a series of contests in which young, well-educated, moderate black politicians challenged civil rights veterans for power. This book uses Newark as a case study to explain the breakdown of racial unity in black politics, describing how black political entrepreneurs build the political alliances that allow them to be more diversely established with the electorate. The book shows that while both poor and affluent blacks pay lip service to racial cohesion and to continuing the goals of the Civil Rights Movement, the reality is that both groups harbor different visions of how to achieve those goals and what those goals will look like once achieved. This, it argues, leads to class conflict and a very public breakdown in black political unity, providing further evidence of the futility of identifying a single cadre of leadership for black communities. The book provides an on the ground understanding of contemporary Black and mayoral politics.
Marcus Anthony Hunter and Zandria F. Robinson
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780520292826
- eISBN:
- 9780520966178
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520292826.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The second of three chapters on the power of chocolate cities, this chapter centers the lives, activism, and pioneering efforts of three black women professionals, entertainers, and community ...
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The second of three chapters on the power of chocolate cities, this chapter centers the lives, activism, and pioneering efforts of three black women professionals, entertainers, and community activists: Mary Hill Sanders, Dionne Warwick, and Alma Burrell. Exploring their lives, health setbacks, and push against the glass ceiling and racial oppression, the authors highlight their sophisticated and politically informed racial geography of the United States. Detailing the movement of black people throughout the domestic diaspora, this chapter illustrates the how gender, place, race, and power collided in the lives of black people before and after the civil rights movement.Less
The second of three chapters on the power of chocolate cities, this chapter centers the lives, activism, and pioneering efforts of three black women professionals, entertainers, and community activists: Mary Hill Sanders, Dionne Warwick, and Alma Burrell. Exploring their lives, health setbacks, and push against the glass ceiling and racial oppression, the authors highlight their sophisticated and politically informed racial geography of the United States. Detailing the movement of black people throughout the domestic diaspora, this chapter illustrates the how gender, place, race, and power collided in the lives of black people before and after the civil rights movement.
Andra Gillespie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814732441
- eISBN:
- 9780814738689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814732441.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the black politics in Newark, New Jersey, at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Its politics is mostly defined by generational clash on the ...
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the black politics in Newark, New Jersey, at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Its politics is mostly defined by generational clash on the electoral front, the clash of political styles (deracialized versus racialized), the relationship between political brand development and electoral viability, as well as the evolution of middle-class black representation of poor black constituents. Given the Newark's history of being in the vanguard with respect to black politics, the chapter notes that the place is on the front lines of further political innovation pioneering this movement was Cory Booker, Newark's third black mayor. Moreover, by showing the rise of young “post-racial” politicians, the chapter claims that the failures of previous generations of black elected officials to address entrenched inequality and poverty created opportunities for new politicians to emerge and critique their elders' approach.Less
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the black politics in Newark, New Jersey, at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Its politics is mostly defined by generational clash on the electoral front, the clash of political styles (deracialized versus racialized), the relationship between political brand development and electoral viability, as well as the evolution of middle-class black representation of poor black constituents. Given the Newark's history of being in the vanguard with respect to black politics, the chapter notes that the place is on the front lines of further political innovation pioneering this movement was Cory Booker, Newark's third black mayor. Moreover, by showing the rise of young “post-racial” politicians, the chapter claims that the failures of previous generations of black elected officials to address entrenched inequality and poverty created opportunities for new politicians to emerge and critique their elders' approach.
Andra Gillespie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814732441
- eISBN:
- 9780814738689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814732441.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter explains how Cory Booker won the elective office through elite displacement. A historical examination of recent politics in Newark shows that conditions were ripe for him to win ...
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This chapter explains how Cory Booker won the elective office through elite displacement. A historical examination of recent politics in Newark shows that conditions were ripe for him to win campaigns. When Booker moved to Newark in 1996, the city's black political establishment had not sufficiently cultivated a younger generation of leadership to assume office once they retired. This left an opening that allowed Booker to contest power. He began small, challenging an amiable incumbent for a ward council seat. His victory on the ward level would enable him to stage a bigger challenge later on. The chapter reiterates that by framing himself as the reformist candidate, he was able to draw contrasts between himself and his competitor. Furthermore, he used his pedigree to justify his candidacy, giving him access to opportunities that allowed him to pursue politics faster than his other peers could.Less
This chapter explains how Cory Booker won the elective office through elite displacement. A historical examination of recent politics in Newark shows that conditions were ripe for him to win campaigns. When Booker moved to Newark in 1996, the city's black political establishment had not sufficiently cultivated a younger generation of leadership to assume office once they retired. This left an opening that allowed Booker to contest power. He began small, challenging an amiable incumbent for a ward council seat. His victory on the ward level would enable him to stage a bigger challenge later on. The chapter reiterates that by framing himself as the reformist candidate, he was able to draw contrasts between himself and his competitor. Furthermore, he used his pedigree to justify his candidacy, giving him access to opportunities that allowed him to pursue politics faster than his other peers could.
