Lillian Gorman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199735921
- eISBN:
- 9780199918607
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735921.003.0015
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music, History, American
This chapter explores the difficult relationship between the ideas of appropriation, dispossession, authenticity, and sincerity behind any trans-ethnic musical borrowing. Through a critique of El ...
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This chapter explores the difficult relationship between the ideas of appropriation, dispossession, authenticity, and sincerity behind any trans-ethnic musical borrowing. Through a critique of El Gringo, an Anglo musician who has developed a musical persona through the adoption of Nuevomexicana music, the author problematizes Madrid's notion of “dialectical soundings” suggesting that music and its performance might not only make visible hidden social stories and experiences, but in fact could also work as an active force in some processes of cultural and ethnic erasure.Less
This chapter explores the difficult relationship between the ideas of appropriation, dispossession, authenticity, and sincerity behind any trans-ethnic musical borrowing. Through a critique of El Gringo, an Anglo musician who has developed a musical persona through the adoption of Nuevomexicana music, the author problematizes Madrid's notion of “dialectical soundings” suggesting that music and its performance might not only make visible hidden social stories and experiences, but in fact could also work as an active force in some processes of cultural and ethnic erasure.
Brenda M. Romero
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199735921
- eISBN:
- 9780199918607
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735921.003.0014
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music, History, American
In this chapter the author guides the reader through a journey through the complex ways in which music has facilitated the consolidation of a ‘Manito identity within the ethnically contested ...
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In this chapter the author guides the reader through a journey through the complex ways in which music has facilitated the consolidation of a ‘Manito identity within the ethnically contested discourses of belonging that have been historically developed by Nuevomexicanos to negotiate their heritage at the margins of the American nation. Such ‘Manito identity takes language and its expression through song as a space where cultural, ethnic, regional, and transnational alliances are possibleLess
In this chapter the author guides the reader through a journey through the complex ways in which music has facilitated the consolidation of a ‘Manito identity within the ethnically contested discourses of belonging that have been historically developed by Nuevomexicanos to negotiate their heritage at the margins of the American nation. Such ‘Manito identity takes language and its expression through song as a space where cultural, ethnic, regional, and transnational alliances are possible
Michael F. Holt
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195161045
- eISBN:
- 9780199849635
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195161045.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The intensification of sectional squabbling over slavery extension proved an even more formidable obstacle to Zachary Taylor's hope of winning immediate statehood for California and New Mexico and ...
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The intensification of sectional squabbling over slavery extension proved an even more formidable obstacle to Zachary Taylor's hope of winning immediate statehood for California and New Mexico and thereby finessing the explosive Wilmot Proviso. This situation—a crippled president, a fractious and angry congressional party, a grave sectional crisis over the territories—thus presented an opportunity for Henry Clay to pursue a course that many had predicted from the day of his election to the Senate. As intraparty rivalries intensified, moreover, interparty conflict with Democrats, which had always counteracted those centrifugal forces in the past, weakened perceptibly. Whigs of all varieties—Northerners and Southerners, pro- and anti-administration men, compromisers and anticompromisers—found themselves compelled to cooperate with Democrats of some kind. Sectional divisions over slavery helped blur Whig party differences.Less
The intensification of sectional squabbling over slavery extension proved an even more formidable obstacle to Zachary Taylor's hope of winning immediate statehood for California and New Mexico and thereby finessing the explosive Wilmot Proviso. This situation—a crippled president, a fractious and angry congressional party, a grave sectional crisis over the territories—thus presented an opportunity for Henry Clay to pursue a course that many had predicted from the day of his election to the Senate. As intraparty rivalries intensified, moreover, interparty conflict with Democrats, which had always counteracted those centrifugal forces in the past, weakened perceptibly. Whigs of all varieties—Northerners and Southerners, pro- and anti-administration men, compromisers and anticompromisers—found themselves compelled to cooperate with Democrats of some kind. Sectional divisions over slavery helped blur Whig party differences.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter reviews the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in architectural design. Indians in the 1880s were ready to be observed, studied, and even glorified. Supported by the railroad, tourism in ...
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This chapter reviews the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in architectural design. Indians in the 1880s were ready to be observed, studied, and even glorified. Supported by the railroad, tourism in turn-of-the-century New Mexico was transformed from a haphazard excursion among curio shops into a well-orchestrated encounter with Native American cultures. The connection between the railroad and a Spanish heritage was indirect: the line of influence ran first to southern California. The source of New Mexico's architectural inspiration was the railroad. Amid the claims and counterclaims, New Mexicans dedicated the Museum of Fine Arts. The Museum of New Mexico was devoted principally to the study of Native American archaeology and culture. The rejection presented indicated the racial inequality lurking behind perorations on a Spanish colonial civilization.Less
This chapter reviews the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in architectural design. Indians in the 1880s were ready to be observed, studied, and even glorified. Supported by the railroad, tourism in turn-of-the-century New Mexico was transformed from a haphazard excursion among curio shops into a well-orchestrated encounter with Native American cultures. The connection between the railroad and a Spanish heritage was indirect: the line of influence ran first to southern California. The source of New Mexico's architectural inspiration was the railroad. Amid the claims and counterclaims, New Mexicans dedicated the Museum of Fine Arts. The Museum of New Mexico was devoted principally to the study of Native American archaeology and culture. The rejection presented indicated the racial inequality lurking behind perorations on a Spanish colonial civilization.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter addresses the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in party politics. The relatively low incidence of racial violence and the tendency to change the subject were both characteristic of New ...
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This chapter addresses the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in party politics. The relatively low incidence of racial violence and the tendency to change the subject were both characteristic of New Mexico's so-called race issue. In a period of heightening racial tension, “Spanish-American” and Hispano-Americano offered both groups the rhetorical means to express their separate interests, yet only in a social and political context increasingly controlled by Anglos. Shifts in wealth and political power explain why Anglos drew racial distinctions in the first place. New Mexico's modern Spanish heritage arose in a conservative political climate, a climate wholly congenial to the rhetorical transformation of benighted “Mexicans” into the civilized, if still humble, bearers of a distinctive Spanish colonial inheritance.Less
This chapter addresses the rise of Spanish colonial imagery in party politics. The relatively low incidence of racial violence and the tendency to change the subject were both characteristic of New Mexico's so-called race issue. In a period of heightening racial tension, “Spanish-American” and Hispano-Americano offered both groups the rhetorical means to express their separate interests, yet only in a social and political context increasingly controlled by Anglos. Shifts in wealth and political power explain why Anglos drew racial distinctions in the first place. New Mexico's modern Spanish heritage arose in a conservative political climate, a climate wholly congenial to the rhetorical transformation of benighted “Mexicans” into the civilized, if still humble, bearers of a distinctive Spanish colonial inheritance.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter investigates how manual arts were seen, rather quixotically, as a means of both preserving the folk from modern America and integrating them into a regional economy. The cachet of ...
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This chapter investigates how manual arts were seen, rather quixotically, as a means of both preserving the folk from modern America and integrating them into a regional economy. The cachet of “Spanish colonial arts” attracted writers, philanthropists, and tourists in numbers that “Mexican crafts” could not have matched. If the Fiesta presented los paisanos as a premodern folk culture, the arts revival demonstrated why that culture had to remain marginal to modern New Mexico. Frank Applegate's notion of Spanish colonial arts was premised on a highly selective and stylized story of efflorescence and decline. The Spanish arts revival was peculiar to northern New Mexico. As Santa Fe reveled in its Fiesta and art enthusiasts paid tribute to melancholy santos, poets and novelists were hard at work recasting the “Mexican” of long-standing literary repute into the salvation of a standardized America.Less
This chapter investigates how manual arts were seen, rather quixotically, as a means of both preserving the folk from modern America and integrating them into a regional economy. The cachet of “Spanish colonial arts” attracted writers, philanthropists, and tourists in numbers that “Mexican crafts” could not have matched. If the Fiesta presented los paisanos as a premodern folk culture, the arts revival demonstrated why that culture had to remain marginal to modern New Mexico. Frank Applegate's notion of Spanish colonial arts was premised on a highly selective and stylized story of efflorescence and decline. The Spanish arts revival was peculiar to northern New Mexico. As Santa Fe reveled in its Fiesta and art enthusiasts paid tribute to melancholy santos, poets and novelists were hard at work recasting the “Mexican” of long-standing literary repute into the salvation of a standardized America.
Rachel St. John
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691141541
- eISBN:
- 9781400838639
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691141541.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter describes how ranchers, miners, investors, laborers, railroad executives, and innumerable economic actors integrated the border into an emerging transnational economy and began to create ...
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This chapter describes how ranchers, miners, investors, laborers, railroad executives, and innumerable economic actors integrated the border into an emerging transnational economy and began to create binational communities on the boundary line. With the completion of the first transborder rail line—brought on by the joining of the Sonora Railway and the Arizona and New Mexico Railroad at the international boundary line—ranchers and miners secured an easy way to move stock and ore to markets. As more people realized this, the borderlands experienced nothing short of a capitalist revolution. The capitalist development of the borderlands would, in turn, spur the creation of an array of new transborder ties. By the early twentieth century, the border has become a point of connection and community in the midst of an emerging capitalist economy and the center of a transborder landscape of property and profits.Less
This chapter describes how ranchers, miners, investors, laborers, railroad executives, and innumerable economic actors integrated the border into an emerging transnational economy and began to create binational communities on the boundary line. With the completion of the first transborder rail line—brought on by the joining of the Sonora Railway and the Arizona and New Mexico Railroad at the international boundary line—ranchers and miners secured an easy way to move stock and ore to markets. As more people realized this, the borderlands experienced nothing short of a capitalist revolution. The capitalist development of the borderlands would, in turn, spur the creation of an array of new transborder ties. By the early twentieth century, the border has become a point of connection and community in the midst of an emerging capitalist economy and the center of a transborder landscape of property and profits.
Kathleen Holscher
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199781737
- eISBN:
- 9780199979653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199781737.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter explains how sister-taught public schools became part of New Mexican culture and why they received support from the local population. It employs a comparative framework—as Catholic ...
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This chapter explains how sister-taught public schools became part of New Mexican culture and why they received support from the local population. It employs a comparative framework—as Catholic leaders elsewhere in the United States in the nineteenth century struggled with the prohibitively Protestant character of “nonsectarian” common schools, the Catholic Church in New Mexico maintained a working relationship with the territory’s developing education system. By the time a formal school code and funding structure appeared near the turn of the century, however, that system had begun to resemble its American counterparts in troubling ways. Its Anglo-Protestant character alienated both the Church hierarchy and many residents. In New Mexico’s rural communities, clergy and laity began cooperating during the early twentieth century. Despite a history of disagreement between them, a Hispano population disadvantaged by state educational policies found common ground with a Church preoccupied by the loss of parochial students to the public system.Less
This chapter explains how sister-taught public schools became part of New Mexican culture and why they received support from the local population. It employs a comparative framework—as Catholic leaders elsewhere in the United States in the nineteenth century struggled with the prohibitively Protestant character of “nonsectarian” common schools, the Catholic Church in New Mexico maintained a working relationship with the territory’s developing education system. By the time a formal school code and funding structure appeared near the turn of the century, however, that system had begun to resemble its American counterparts in troubling ways. Its Anglo-Protestant character alienated both the Church hierarchy and many residents. In New Mexico’s rural communities, clergy and laity began cooperating during the early twentieth century. Despite a history of disagreement between them, a Hispano population disadvantaged by state educational policies found common ground with a Church preoccupied by the loss of parochial students to the public system.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
New Mexico's Anglo businessmen responded an article written by Katharine Fullerton Gerould with typical indignation. They ignored her treatment of Hispanos and took issue instead with her claims of ...
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New Mexico's Anglo businessmen responded an article written by Katharine Fullerton Gerould with typical indignation. They ignored her treatment of Hispanos and took issue instead with her claims of roving outlaws and political graft. Mary Austin's defense of New Mexico's “Spanish colonial” people forms part of a chapter in her fascinating biography. The Spanish impact on New Mexico's Indians was not so beneficial. Spanish-speaking people, especially those of the poorer classes, had to be actively perceived as separate and inferior; they had to be regarded as a people whose natural traits, such as indolence and backwardness, justified the advance of the seemingly industrious and progressive Anglo. Both elite Hispanos and Anglos found it worthwhile to live with the imagined legacy of colonial Spain. An overview of the chapters included in this book is given. They recount how Spanish heritage was fashioned and transformed between 1900 and 1940.Less
New Mexico's Anglo businessmen responded an article written by Katharine Fullerton Gerould with typical indignation. They ignored her treatment of Hispanos and took issue instead with her claims of roving outlaws and political graft. Mary Austin's defense of New Mexico's “Spanish colonial” people forms part of a chapter in her fascinating biography. The Spanish impact on New Mexico's Indians was not so beneficial. Spanish-speaking people, especially those of the poorer classes, had to be actively perceived as separate and inferior; they had to be regarded as a people whose natural traits, such as indolence and backwardness, justified the advance of the seemingly industrious and progressive Anglo. Both elite Hispanos and Anglos found it worthwhile to live with the imagined legacy of colonial Spain. An overview of the chapters included in this book is given. They recount how Spanish heritage was fashioned and transformed between 1900 and 1940.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The Cuarto Centennial paid tribute to multiple strands of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage. As the summer of 1940 approached, Spanish colonial art and architecture, village folkways, ...
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The Cuarto Centennial paid tribute to multiple strands of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage. As the summer of 1940 approached, Spanish colonial art and architecture, village folkways, and the Santa Fe Fiesta were all brought into the promotional spotlight. The image of Coronado as noble civilizer quickly spread beyond the inner circle of exposition organizers. Coronado's memorable quest for gold was incidental to interests of Anglo cattle ranchers, farm, railroad, and mine owners, and real estate developers. As the failure of the Coronado Cuarto Centennial Exposition makes plain, Spanish colonial symbolism may have intrigued the occasional traveler and big city critic, but its potency was limited to the upper Rio Grande. Just as the racial and cultural character of los paisanos has always divided Hispano New Mexico from the modern American nation, it was the Spanish revival that helped to close the gap.Less
The Cuarto Centennial paid tribute to multiple strands of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage. As the summer of 1940 approached, Spanish colonial art and architecture, village folkways, and the Santa Fe Fiesta were all brought into the promotional spotlight. The image of Coronado as noble civilizer quickly spread beyond the inner circle of exposition organizers. Coronado's memorable quest for gold was incidental to interests of Anglo cattle ranchers, farm, railroad, and mine owners, and real estate developers. As the failure of the Coronado Cuarto Centennial Exposition makes plain, Spanish colonial symbolism may have intrigued the occasional traveler and big city critic, but its potency was limited to the upper Rio Grande. Just as the racial and cultural character of los paisanos has always divided Hispano New Mexico from the modern American nation, it was the Spanish revival that helped to close the gap.
Elizabeth Gilmore
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520248632
- eISBN:
- 9780520943339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520248632.003.0010
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This chapter concerns family-centered care and discusses a “working model” for a midwifery practice adventure. With family-centered care at the hospital, moms would have a hospital experience that ...
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This chapter concerns family-centered care and discusses a “working model” for a midwifery practice adventure. With family-centered care at the hospital, moms would have a hospital experience that would more closely address the reasons they had wanted a home birth in the first place. Family-centered care looks just like whatever the parents wanted it to look like. The model is that students would undertake their own academic tutelage and preparation for the licensing exam. The New Mexico Department of Health provides the tests, written by the nurse-midwife who was the project manager for the Maternal Child Health Program in charge of regulating and licensing nurse and lay midwives. This model was to cement all the variations of normal into apprentices' tools for management and to teach them the cardinal signs for differentiating a condition requiring consult.Less
This chapter concerns family-centered care and discusses a “working model” for a midwifery practice adventure. With family-centered care at the hospital, moms would have a hospital experience that would more closely address the reasons they had wanted a home birth in the first place. Family-centered care looks just like whatever the parents wanted it to look like. The model is that students would undertake their own academic tutelage and preparation for the licensing exam. The New Mexico Department of Health provides the tests, written by the nurse-midwife who was the project manager for the Maternal Child Health Program in charge of regulating and licensing nurse and lay midwives. This model was to cement all the variations of normal into apprentices' tools for management and to teach them the cardinal signs for differentiating a condition requiring consult.
Maria Montoya
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520227446
- eISBN:
- 9780520926486
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520227446.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Although Mexico lost its northern territories to the United States in 1848, battles over property rights and ownership have remained intense. This turbulent, vividly narrated story of the Maxwell ...
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Although Mexico lost its northern territories to the United States in 1848, battles over property rights and ownership have remained intense. This turbulent, vividly narrated story of the Maxwell Land Grant, a single tract of 1.7 million acres in northeastern New Mexico, shows how contending groups reinterpret the meaning of property to uphold their conflicting claims to land. The Southwest has been and continues to be the scene of a collision between land regimes with radically different cultural conceptions of the land's purpose. This book introduces Jicarilla Apaches, whose identity is rooted in a sense of place; Mexican governors and hacienda patrons seeking status as New World feudal magnates; “rings” of greedy territorial politicians on the make; women finding their own way in a man's world; Anglo homesteaders looking for a place to settle in the American West; and Dutch investors in search of gargantuan returns on their capital. The European and American newcomers “mistranslated” the prior property regimes into new rules to their own advantage and the disadvantage of those who had lived on the land before them. Their efforts to control the Maxwell Land Grant by wrapping it in their own particular myths of law and custom inevitably led to conflict and even violence as cultures and legal regimes clashed.Less
Although Mexico lost its northern territories to the United States in 1848, battles over property rights and ownership have remained intense. This turbulent, vividly narrated story of the Maxwell Land Grant, a single tract of 1.7 million acres in northeastern New Mexico, shows how contending groups reinterpret the meaning of property to uphold their conflicting claims to land. The Southwest has been and continues to be the scene of a collision between land regimes with radically different cultural conceptions of the land's purpose. This book introduces Jicarilla Apaches, whose identity is rooted in a sense of place; Mexican governors and hacienda patrons seeking status as New World feudal magnates; “rings” of greedy territorial politicians on the make; women finding their own way in a man's world; Anglo homesteaders looking for a place to settle in the American West; and Dutch investors in search of gargantuan returns on their capital. The European and American newcomers “mistranslated” the prior property regimes into new rules to their own advantage and the disadvantage of those who had lived on the land before them. Their efforts to control the Maxwell Land Grant by wrapping it in their own particular myths of law and custom inevitably led to conflict and even violence as cultures and legal regimes clashed.
Odie B. Faul
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083514
- eISBN:
- 9780199854141
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083514.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The flight of Geronimo and his renegades from San Carlos caused near-panic across southern Arizona and New Mexico. “Apaches on Warpath,” headlined newspapers, while editorial writers criticized the ...
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The flight of Geronimo and his renegades from San Carlos caused near-panic across southern Arizona and New Mexico. “Apaches on Warpath,” headlined newspapers, while editorial writers criticized the soldiers for bungling. But while civilians criticized, the Army acted rapidly to get the renegades back to the reservation. Britton Davis with his Scouts was joined by Lieutenant Gatewood, who brought a dozen White Mountain Scouts from Fort Apache, and by Captain Allen Smith with two companies of the Fourth Cavalry. This chapter describes the pursuit from May 1885 to December 1885, marked by the trail of blood left by the Apaches. With the soldiers hunting in vain, Josanie and his band reached the safety and warmth of Mexico, making Crook's command look ridiculous.Less
The flight of Geronimo and his renegades from San Carlos caused near-panic across southern Arizona and New Mexico. “Apaches on Warpath,” headlined newspapers, while editorial writers criticized the soldiers for bungling. But while civilians criticized, the Army acted rapidly to get the renegades back to the reservation. Britton Davis with his Scouts was joined by Lieutenant Gatewood, who brought a dozen White Mountain Scouts from Fort Apache, and by Captain Allen Smith with two companies of the Fourth Cavalry. This chapter describes the pursuit from May 1885 to December 1885, marked by the trail of blood left by the Apaches. With the soldiers hunting in vain, Josanie and his band reached the safety and warmth of Mexico, making Crook's command look ridiculous.
Stacey L. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469624181
- eISBN:
- 9781469624204
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469624181.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
This chapter examines some of the questions raised by the abolition of slavery about the boundaries of coercion. Focusing on the American West, it considers visions of the limits and proper exercise ...
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This chapter examines some of the questions raised by the abolition of slavery about the boundaries of coercion. Focusing on the American West, it considers visions of the limits and proper exercise of coercive power in the realm of labor relations after the Civil War. It looks at the Slaughterhouse Cases, in which the Supreme Court emphasized the problem of defining the legitimate bounds of labor coercion in its invocation of Mexican “peonage” and Chinese “coolieism.” It shows that federal rulings about the illegality of peonage in New Mexico fell short not because of ideological contradiction or political betrayal, but because the United States was simply not powerful or present enough to assert itself over a vast, distant, and newly conquered territory. It argues that changing visions of coercion were just as central to the unfolding of the post-Civil War era as changing visions of freedom.Less
This chapter examines some of the questions raised by the abolition of slavery about the boundaries of coercion. Focusing on the American West, it considers visions of the limits and proper exercise of coercive power in the realm of labor relations after the Civil War. It looks at the Slaughterhouse Cases, in which the Supreme Court emphasized the problem of defining the legitimate bounds of labor coercion in its invocation of Mexican “peonage” and Chinese “coolieism.” It shows that federal rulings about the illegality of peonage in New Mexico fell short not because of ideological contradiction or political betrayal, but because the United States was simply not powerful or present enough to assert itself over a vast, distant, and newly conquered territory. It argues that changing visions of coercion were just as central to the unfolding of the post-Civil War era as changing visions of freedom.
Paul Frymer
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691166056
- eISBN:
- 9781400885350
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691166056.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter examines the politics of American expansion into the Southwest, focusing on how some racist politicians promoted manifest destiny while others opposed expansion. The chapter first takes ...
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This chapter examines the politics of American expansion into the Southwest, focusing on how some racist politicians promoted manifest destiny while others opposed expansion. The chapter first takes a look at Mexico's land policy and its attempt to design its settlement policies in a way that copied the United States. It shows how Mexico struggled to assert national authority over its states and territories, promoting a federated structure that empowered the states to control their own land policies. Many of those territories, in turn, committed themselves to land policies that were at odds with those of the central government. The chapter proceeds by discussing U.S. efforts to acquire territory from Latin America, including Cuba and the Dominican Republic, before concluding with an analysis of the politics of the battle to incorporate New Mexico Territory as a state.Less
This chapter examines the politics of American expansion into the Southwest, focusing on how some racist politicians promoted manifest destiny while others opposed expansion. The chapter first takes a look at Mexico's land policy and its attempt to design its settlement policies in a way that copied the United States. It shows how Mexico struggled to assert national authority over its states and territories, promoting a federated structure that empowered the states to control their own land policies. Many of those territories, in turn, committed themselves to land policies that were at odds with those of the central government. The chapter proceeds by discussing U.S. efforts to acquire territory from Latin America, including Cuba and the Dominican Republic, before concluding with an analysis of the politics of the battle to incorporate New Mexico Territory as a state.
Charles Montgomery
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229716
- eISBN:
- 9780520927377
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229716.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This compelling narrative traces the history of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage, showing how Anglos and Hispanos sought to redefine the region's social character by glorifying its ...
More
This compelling narrative traces the history of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage, showing how Anglos and Hispanos sought to redefine the region's social character by glorifying its Spanish colonial past. This book demonstrates that northern New Mexico's twentieth-century Spanish heritage owes as much to the coming of the Santa Fe Railroad in 1880 as to the first Spanish colonial campaign of 1598. As the railroad brought capital and migrants into the region, Anglos posed an unprecedented challenge to Hispano wealth and political power. Yet unlike their counterparts in California and Texas, the Anglo newcomers could not wholly displace their Spanish-speaking rivals. Nor could they segregate themselves or the upper Rio Grande from the image, well-known throughout the Southwest, of the disreputable Mexican. Instead, prominent Anglos and Hispanos found common cause in transcending the region's Mexican character. Turning to colonial symbols of the conquistador, the Franciscan missionary, and the humble Spanish settler, they recast northern New Mexico and its people.Less
This compelling narrative traces the history of the upper Rio Grande's modern Spanish heritage, showing how Anglos and Hispanos sought to redefine the region's social character by glorifying its Spanish colonial past. This book demonstrates that northern New Mexico's twentieth-century Spanish heritage owes as much to the coming of the Santa Fe Railroad in 1880 as to the first Spanish colonial campaign of 1598. As the railroad brought capital and migrants into the region, Anglos posed an unprecedented challenge to Hispano wealth and political power. Yet unlike their counterparts in California and Texas, the Anglo newcomers could not wholly displace their Spanish-speaking rivals. Nor could they segregate themselves or the upper Rio Grande from the image, well-known throughout the Southwest, of the disreputable Mexican. Instead, prominent Anglos and Hispanos found common cause in transcending the region's Mexican character. Turning to colonial symbols of the conquistador, the Franciscan missionary, and the humble Spanish settler, they recast northern New Mexico and its people.
Kathleen Holscher
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199781737
- eISBN:
- 9780199979653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199781737.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter deals with how women religious engaged church–state separation at mid-century. Its focus is on the practices and objects that made up sisters’ public schools in New Mexico. It considers ...
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This chapter deals with how women religious engaged church–state separation at mid-century. Its focus is on the practices and objects that made up sisters’ public schools in New Mexico. It considers these as the tactical products that enabled Catholic sisters to survive professionally in between public and Catholic education models. Every day sisters made unscripted decisions aimed at bringing their classrooms and their persons into compliance with the state’s curricular expectations and the religious mandates enforced by the Catholic Church’s 1917 Code of Canon Law. Although they never talked about the challenges this work entailed, many things about the way they taught—from the textbooks they distributed, to the way they scheduled class time, to the images they hung on their walls—were designed to achieve a sustainable relationship between religious and civil influences in their classrooms. This chapter argues that, rather than demonstrating disregard for church–state separation, sisters who taught publicly were caught trying to juggle competing Catholic and civil impulses to keep the church and state apart from one another in their work.Less
This chapter deals with how women religious engaged church–state separation at mid-century. Its focus is on the practices and objects that made up sisters’ public schools in New Mexico. It considers these as the tactical products that enabled Catholic sisters to survive professionally in between public and Catholic education models. Every day sisters made unscripted decisions aimed at bringing their classrooms and their persons into compliance with the state’s curricular expectations and the religious mandates enforced by the Catholic Church’s 1917 Code of Canon Law. Although they never talked about the challenges this work entailed, many things about the way they taught—from the textbooks they distributed, to the way they scheduled class time, to the images they hung on their walls—were designed to achieve a sustainable relationship between religious and civil influences in their classrooms. This chapter argues that, rather than demonstrating disregard for church–state separation, sisters who taught publicly were caught trying to juggle competing Catholic and civil impulses to keep the church and state apart from one another in their work.
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226532424
- eISBN:
- 9780226532523
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226532523.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This book fleshes out various aspects of the imposition of an embodied social order in New Mexico. One of the most familiar images associated with New Mexico is the howling coyote. New Mexico has a ...
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This book fleshes out various aspects of the imposition of an embodied social order in New Mexico. One of the most familiar images associated with New Mexico is the howling coyote. New Mexico has a long history of coyotes who are far rangier and wilier than the reassuring tourist image would suggest. Currently, the term is used to describe the guides who—honorably or not—smuggle clients into the United States from Mexico. The book describes New Mexican Indian schools where Anglo educators sought to train students in the bodily requirements of citizenship and presents an examination of bodily comportment in ceremonies and public events in New Mexico. Thus, this survey of New Mexico offers readers a sense of the dreads and delights lurking in the wind, howling beneath the stars, and clouding the sunsets of the Land of Enchantment.Less
This book fleshes out various aspects of the imposition of an embodied social order in New Mexico. One of the most familiar images associated with New Mexico is the howling coyote. New Mexico has a long history of coyotes who are far rangier and wilier than the reassuring tourist image would suggest. Currently, the term is used to describe the guides who—honorably or not—smuggle clients into the United States from Mexico. The book describes New Mexican Indian schools where Anglo educators sought to train students in the bodily requirements of citizenship and presents an examination of bodily comportment in ceremonies and public events in New Mexico. Thus, this survey of New Mexico offers readers a sense of the dreads and delights lurking in the wind, howling beneath the stars, and clouding the sunsets of the Land of Enchantment.
Kathleen Holscher
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199781737
- eISBN:
- 9780199979653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199781737.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter goes deeper into the character of popular support for sister-taught public schools in New Mexico by focusing on the communities of Dixon and Peñasco, in the northern part of the state. ...
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This chapter goes deeper into the character of popular support for sister-taught public schools in New Mexico by focusing on the communities of Dixon and Peñasco, in the northern part of the state. Here the emphasis is on the relationships between Catholic sisters, nearly all of whom were Anglo transplants to New Mexico, and their Hispano students. When residents of the area discuss their approval of the sisters who taught them during the 1940s, reflections on the legality of the sisters’ employment take a back seat to descriptions of the respect those women inspired within the community. The chapter examines the psychology of local support for sisters and their schools by studying that respect children felt for their teachers. It explores the sentiment in light of the childhood experiences, both positive and negative, that provoked it. The chapter finishes by charting the emergence of a Hispano-Protestant minority in northern New Mexico during the twentieth century, and considering the separation platform its members first articulated in Dixon in the 1940s.Less
This chapter goes deeper into the character of popular support for sister-taught public schools in New Mexico by focusing on the communities of Dixon and Peñasco, in the northern part of the state. Here the emphasis is on the relationships between Catholic sisters, nearly all of whom were Anglo transplants to New Mexico, and their Hispano students. When residents of the area discuss their approval of the sisters who taught them during the 1940s, reflections on the legality of the sisters’ employment take a back seat to descriptions of the respect those women inspired within the community. The chapter examines the psychology of local support for sisters and their schools by studying that respect children felt for their teachers. It explores the sentiment in light of the childhood experiences, both positive and negative, that provoked it. The chapter finishes by charting the emergence of a Hispano-Protestant minority in northern New Mexico during the twentieth century, and considering the separation platform its members first articulated in Dixon in the 1940s.
Rosina Lozano
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780520297067
- eISBN:
- 9780520969582
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520297067.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
In 1902, U.S. Senator Albert Beveridge led four senators from the senate committee on the territories into New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma territory. While New Mexico had operated in Spanish in its ...
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In 1902, U.S. Senator Albert Beveridge led four senators from the senate committee on the territories into New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma territory. While New Mexico had operated in Spanish in its courts, schools, and politics for decades, Beveridge’s team exposed the rest of the nation to this Spanish language reality in their campaign to portray the territory as unfit for statehood. During the Senate subcommittee hearings, dozens of New Mexicans relayed their connection to both their United States citizenship and their use of the Spanish language. From census takers to court interpreters to principals, Spanish-speaking New Mexicans defended their use of Spanish. While the use of the Spanish language did not definitively delay statehood, the increased national scrutiny in the media of the language did result in a shift in territorial policies related to language that increasingly favored English in order to better conform to the country's expectations.Less
In 1902, U.S. Senator Albert Beveridge led four senators from the senate committee on the territories into New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma territory. While New Mexico had operated in Spanish in its courts, schools, and politics for decades, Beveridge’s team exposed the rest of the nation to this Spanish language reality in their campaign to portray the territory as unfit for statehood. During the Senate subcommittee hearings, dozens of New Mexicans relayed their connection to both their United States citizenship and their use of the Spanish language. From census takers to court interpreters to principals, Spanish-speaking New Mexicans defended their use of Spanish. While the use of the Spanish language did not definitively delay statehood, the increased national scrutiny in the media of the language did result in a shift in territorial policies related to language that increasingly favored English in order to better conform to the country's expectations.
