Susan L. Glosser
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520227293
- eISBN:
- 9780520926394
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520227293.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
The New Culture Movement's drive to a family reform reveals that the primary impetus of the family revolution was the search of young, urban males for a new identity in modernizing and ...
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The New Culture Movement's drive to a family reform reveals that the primary impetus of the family revolution was the search of young, urban males for a new identity in modernizing and industrializing society. To educate other people with their family reform, it released a founding journal, The Youth, and claimed the Beijing University as its headquarters. The New Culture Movement started organizing and orienting itself into peer associations, in which associations the movement's young participants were able to formulate their radical proposals for a new society. The creation of such associations was one of their most important innovations of the New Culture Movement. In January 1920, one of the peer groups coalesced to offer an explicit challenge to traditional family organization. Yi Jiayue and Lou Dunwei, both Beijing students, called together several comrades to discuss the “cruel circumstances” and “barbaric aggravation” that young people suffered in their families.Less
The New Culture Movement's drive to a family reform reveals that the primary impetus of the family revolution was the search of young, urban males for a new identity in modernizing and industrializing society. To educate other people with their family reform, it released a founding journal, The Youth, and claimed the Beijing University as its headquarters. The New Culture Movement started organizing and orienting itself into peer associations, in which associations the movement's young participants were able to formulate their radical proposals for a new society. The creation of such associations was one of their most important innovations of the New Culture Movement. In January 1920, one of the peer groups coalesced to offer an explicit challenge to traditional family organization. Yi Jiayue and Lou Dunwei, both Beijing students, called together several comrades to discuss the “cruel circumstances” and “barbaric aggravation” that young people suffered in their families.
Timothy B. Weston
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520237674
- eISBN:
- 9780520929906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520237674.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
Most of the radical ideas that captured the imagination of China's progressive intellectuals during the New Culture Movement began to crystallize after the catastrophic Second Revolution among a ...
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Most of the radical ideas that captured the imagination of China's progressive intellectuals during the New Culture Movement began to crystallize after the catastrophic Second Revolution among a loose network of thinkers and political activists, most of whom were outside China. The extraordinary impact of Cai Yuanpei's reform program at Beida derived as much from the timing of his arrival in Beijing as it did from the content of his message. Cai's appointment of Chen Duxiu illustrates that his defense of broad-minded tolerance benefited those who sought to challenge the prevailing culture at Beida. Cai encouraged students to participate in educationally and morally uplifting extracurricular activities. He and the other new leaders of the university provided a crucial opening for professors and students who felt less ambivalent than he did about interpreting Beida's educational mission in an explicitly political fashion.Less
Most of the radical ideas that captured the imagination of China's progressive intellectuals during the New Culture Movement began to crystallize after the catastrophic Second Revolution among a loose network of thinkers and political activists, most of whom were outside China. The extraordinary impact of Cai Yuanpei's reform program at Beida derived as much from the timing of his arrival in Beijing as it did from the content of his message. Cai's appointment of Chen Duxiu illustrates that his defense of broad-minded tolerance benefited those who sought to challenge the prevailing culture at Beida. Cai encouraged students to participate in educationally and morally uplifting extracurricular activities. He and the other new leaders of the university provided a crucial opening for professors and students who felt less ambivalent than he did about interpreting Beida's educational mission in an explicitly political fashion.
Anne Witchard
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9789888139606
- eISBN:
- 9789882208643
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888139606.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
Lao She's life and work have been the subject of volumes of critique, analysis and study. However, the four years the aspiring writer spent in London between 1924 and 1929 have largely been ...
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Lao She's life and work have been the subject of volumes of critique, analysis and study. However, the four years the aspiring writer spent in London between 1924 and 1929 have largely been overlooked. This book reveals Lao She's encounter with literature in England, from Dickens to Conrad, high modernism and Joyce. Lao She arrived from his native Peking to the whirl of London's West End scene - Bloomsberries, Vorticists, avant-gardists of every stripe, Ezra Pound and the cabaret at the Cave of the Golden Calf, risqué flappers, the tabloid sensation of England's 'most infamous Chinaman', Brilliant Chang and Anna May Wong's scandalous film Piccadilly (1918). Simultaneously Lao She spent time in London's notorious and much sensationalised Chinatown in Limehouse. Out of these experiences came his great novel of London Chinese life and tribulations - Ma & Son: Two Chinese in London. This book examines how Lao She's London years affected his writing and ultimately the course of Chinese literary modernism.Less
Lao She's life and work have been the subject of volumes of critique, analysis and study. However, the four years the aspiring writer spent in London between 1924 and 1929 have largely been overlooked. This book reveals Lao She's encounter with literature in England, from Dickens to Conrad, high modernism and Joyce. Lao She arrived from his native Peking to the whirl of London's West End scene - Bloomsberries, Vorticists, avant-gardists of every stripe, Ezra Pound and the cabaret at the Cave of the Golden Calf, risqué flappers, the tabloid sensation of England's 'most infamous Chinaman', Brilliant Chang and Anna May Wong's scandalous film Piccadilly (1918). Simultaneously Lao She spent time in London's notorious and much sensationalised Chinatown in Limehouse. Out of these experiences came his great novel of London Chinese life and tribulations - Ma & Son: Two Chinese in London. This book examines how Lao She's London years affected his writing and ultimately the course of Chinese literary modernism.
Susan Glosser
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520227293
- eISBN:
- 9780520926394
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520227293.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
At the dawn of the twentieth century, China's sovereignty was fragile at best. In the face of international pressure and domestic upheaval, young urban radicals—desperate for reforms that would save ...
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At the dawn of the twentieth century, China's sovereignty was fragile at best. In the face of international pressure and domestic upheaval, young urban radicals—desperate for reforms that would save their nation—clamored for change, championing Western-inspired family reform and promoting free marriage choice and economic and emotional independence. But what came to be known as the New Culture Movement had the unwitting effect of fostering totalitarianism. This book examines how the link between family order and national salvation affected state building and explores its lasting consequences. The author argues that the replacement of the authoritarian, patriarchal, extended family structure with an egalitarian, conjugal family was a way for the nation to preserve crucial elements of its traditional culture. Her research shows that in the end, family reform paved the way for the Chinese Communist Party to establish a deeply intrusive state which undermined the legitimacy of individual rights.Less
At the dawn of the twentieth century, China's sovereignty was fragile at best. In the face of international pressure and domestic upheaval, young urban radicals—desperate for reforms that would save their nation—clamored for change, championing Western-inspired family reform and promoting free marriage choice and economic and emotional independence. But what came to be known as the New Culture Movement had the unwitting effect of fostering totalitarianism. This book examines how the link between family order and national salvation affected state building and explores its lasting consequences. The author argues that the replacement of the authoritarian, patriarchal, extended family structure with an egalitarian, conjugal family was a way for the nation to preserve crucial elements of its traditional culture. Her research shows that in the end, family reform paved the way for the Chinese Communist Party to establish a deeply intrusive state which undermined the legitimacy of individual rights.
Michael Gibbs Hill
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199892884
- eISBN:
- 9780199980062
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199892884.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
Taking the infamous “Wang Jingxuan” hoax as its focus, this chapter revisits Lin’s conflicts with younger intellectuals, especially those associated with the journals New Youth (Xin qingnian), Weekly ...
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Taking the infamous “Wang Jingxuan” hoax as its focus, this chapter revisits Lin’s conflicts with younger intellectuals, especially those associated with the journals New Youth (Xin qingnian), Weekly Review (Meizhou pinglun), and New Tides (Xin chao). Through detailed readings of well-known but little-examined materials, this chapter demonstrates how younger writers’ crusade against Lin Shu articulated important new ideas about the relationship between intellectuals, their audiences, and the culture market that remain significant today. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how Lin eventually followed his enemies’ stories about his ossified cultural views. Despite his public shaming and defeat, he continued to serve an important role for the Commercial Press, packaging museum-piece collections of “premodern” Chinese literature.Less
Taking the infamous “Wang Jingxuan” hoax as its focus, this chapter revisits Lin’s conflicts with younger intellectuals, especially those associated with the journals New Youth (Xin qingnian), Weekly Review (Meizhou pinglun), and New Tides (Xin chao). Through detailed readings of well-known but little-examined materials, this chapter demonstrates how younger writers’ crusade against Lin Shu articulated important new ideas about the relationship between intellectuals, their audiences, and the culture market that remain significant today. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how Lin eventually followed his enemies’ stories about his ossified cultural views. Despite his public shaming and defeat, he continued to serve an important role for the Commercial Press, packaging museum-piece collections of “premodern” Chinese literature.
Arnhilt Johanna Hoefle
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780824872083
- eISBN:
- 9780824876852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824872083.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Stefan Zweig’s works were first introduced in Republican China after the fall of the Qing Empire (1644-1911) during a period of transition, re-orientation, and civil war. This chapter focuses on two ...
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Stefan Zweig’s works were first introduced in Republican China after the fall of the Qing Empire (1644-1911) during a period of transition, re-orientation, and civil war. This chapter focuses on two cases, Geng Jizhi’s (1899-1947) translation of the novella The Governess of 1927 and Sun Hanbing’s (1902-1940) translation of the novella Letter from an Unknown Woman of 1934. Geng Jizhi served as a diplomat of the Nationalist government at Chinese consulates in the Soviet Union and was one of the most important translators of classical Russian literature. Eager to introduce European notions of psychology and psychoanalysis to a Chinese readership during the New Culture Movement, he translated Zweig’s novella from a Russian source. Sun Hanbing, a professor of economics who had extensively studied in the US, based his translation on an English edition and attached not only an American but also a Soviet review to his translation. Active in Shanghai’s illegal Marxist circles he published the novella as a negative example of decadent bourgeois literature in a Marxist journal that was banned shortly after. This chapter therefore showcases the introduction of Zweig in China as a result of multiple interweaving linguistic, cultural, intellectual, and, in particular, diametrically opposed political systems.Less
Stefan Zweig’s works were first introduced in Republican China after the fall of the Qing Empire (1644-1911) during a period of transition, re-orientation, and civil war. This chapter focuses on two cases, Geng Jizhi’s (1899-1947) translation of the novella The Governess of 1927 and Sun Hanbing’s (1902-1940) translation of the novella Letter from an Unknown Woman of 1934. Geng Jizhi served as a diplomat of the Nationalist government at Chinese consulates in the Soviet Union and was one of the most important translators of classical Russian literature. Eager to introduce European notions of psychology and psychoanalysis to a Chinese readership during the New Culture Movement, he translated Zweig’s novella from a Russian source. Sun Hanbing, a professor of economics who had extensively studied in the US, based his translation on an English edition and attached not only an American but also a Soviet review to his translation. Active in Shanghai’s illegal Marxist circles he published the novella as a negative example of decadent bourgeois literature in a Marxist journal that was banned shortly after. This chapter therefore showcases the introduction of Zweig in China as a result of multiple interweaving linguistic, cultural, intellectual, and, in particular, diametrically opposed political systems.
Albert Monshan Wu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300217070
- eISBN:
- 9780300225266
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300217070.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines how the First World War devastated the missionary work of both the SVD and the BMS. The war humbled both missionary societies, and this chapter narrates how missionaries tried ...
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This chapter examines how the First World War devastated the missionary work of both the SVD and the BMS. The war humbled both missionary societies, and this chapter narrates how missionaries tried to reorient themselves in a dramatically altered global missionary landscape. Confessional differences shaped the responses of the missionary societies to their respective international missionary communities. After the war, German Protestants became increasingly nationalist and refused to work with their American and British rivals. The Catholic missionary society, on the other hand, embraced the Vatican and shed its nationalist character.Less
This chapter examines how the First World War devastated the missionary work of both the SVD and the BMS. The war humbled both missionary societies, and this chapter narrates how missionaries tried to reorient themselves in a dramatically altered global missionary landscape. Confessional differences shaped the responses of the missionary societies to their respective international missionary communities. After the war, German Protestants became increasingly nationalist and refused to work with their American and British rivals. The Catholic missionary society, on the other hand, embraced the Vatican and shed its nationalist character.
Albert Monshan Wu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300217070
- eISBN:
- 9780300225266
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300217070.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter serves as the narrative hinge of the book. It examines how the once theologically conservative and vehemently anti-Confucian German missionaries came to grips with Confucianism in the ...
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This chapter serves as the narrative hinge of the book. It examines how the once theologically conservative and vehemently anti-Confucian German missionaries came to grips with Confucianism in the 1920s and 1930s. It argues that the rise of Communism hastened the shift from an anti-Confucian to a pro-Confucian stance. The specter of a global Communist insurrection pushed the two German societies to turn toward Confucianism as an ally. The political situation in Germany was just as important as the one in China: German missionaries embraced Confucianism because they witnessed the threat of Communism in both countries. The chapter compares the German experience with other international missionary organizations and argues that the German embrace of Confucianism was conditioned by their particular experience of failure after World War I. It also examines how missionaries continued to criticize rival religions, such as Buddhism.Less
This chapter serves as the narrative hinge of the book. It examines how the once theologically conservative and vehemently anti-Confucian German missionaries came to grips with Confucianism in the 1920s and 1930s. It argues that the rise of Communism hastened the shift from an anti-Confucian to a pro-Confucian stance. The specter of a global Communist insurrection pushed the two German societies to turn toward Confucianism as an ally. The political situation in Germany was just as important as the one in China: German missionaries embraced Confucianism because they witnessed the threat of Communism in both countries. The chapter compares the German experience with other international missionary organizations and argues that the German embrace of Confucianism was conditioned by their particular experience of failure after World War I. It also examines how missionaries continued to criticize rival religions, such as Buddhism.
Albert Monshan Wu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300217070
- eISBN:
- 9780300225266
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300217070.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines and compares the lives of two Chinese Christians, Ling Deyuan and Chen Yuan, who worked with the BMS and the SVD. Their stories illustrate the narrowing political options that ...
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This chapter examines and compares the lives of two Chinese Christians, Ling Deyuan and Chen Yuan, who worked with the BMS and the SVD. Their stories illustrate the narrowing political options that Chinese Christians faced between 1945 and 1950. By 1950, both Ling and Chen had to denounce their missionary allies and declare allegiance to the new Communist state. Ling and Chen’s stories attune us to the ironies of history and reveal how the missionary encounter helped lay the foundation for Christianity’s position in postwar China. Their engagement with German missionaries, the chapter contends, prepared and armed them with the anti-imperial, anti-Western rhetoric that the Chinese Communists could accept. Their stories help us understand the monumental and dangerous individual choices that Chinese Christians had to make after the Communist victory in 1949.Less
This chapter examines and compares the lives of two Chinese Christians, Ling Deyuan and Chen Yuan, who worked with the BMS and the SVD. Their stories illustrate the narrowing political options that Chinese Christians faced between 1945 and 1950. By 1950, both Ling and Chen had to denounce their missionary allies and declare allegiance to the new Communist state. Ling and Chen’s stories attune us to the ironies of history and reveal how the missionary encounter helped lay the foundation for Christianity’s position in postwar China. Their engagement with German missionaries, the chapter contends, prepared and armed them with the anti-imperial, anti-Western rhetoric that the Chinese Communists could accept. Their stories help us understand the monumental and dangerous individual choices that Chinese Christians had to make after the Communist victory in 1949.