Andrew P. Ingersoll
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691145044
- eISBN:
- 9781400848232
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691145044.001.0001
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This clear and concise introduction to planetary climates explains the global physical and chemical processes that determine climate on any planet or major planetary satellite—from Mercury to Neptune ...
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This clear and concise introduction to planetary climates explains the global physical and chemical processes that determine climate on any planet or major planetary satellite—from Mercury to Neptune and even large moons such as Saturn's Titan. The book presents a tour of our solar system's diverse planetary atmospheres, providing a rich foundation on their structure, composition, circulation, climate, and long-term evolution. Although the climates of other worlds are extremely diverse, the chemical and physical processes that shape their dynamics are the same. As this book makes clear, the better we can understand how various planetary climates formed and evolved, the better we can understand Earth's climate history and future. Explaining current knowledge, physical and chemical mechanisms, and unanswered questions, the book brings the reader to the cutting edge of this field.Less
This clear and concise introduction to planetary climates explains the global physical and chemical processes that determine climate on any planet or major planetary satellite—from Mercury to Neptune and even large moons such as Saturn's Titan. The book presents a tour of our solar system's diverse planetary atmospheres, providing a rich foundation on their structure, composition, circulation, climate, and long-term evolution. Although the climates of other worlds are extremely diverse, the chemical and physical processes that shape their dynamics are the same. As this book makes clear, the better we can understand how various planetary climates formed and evolved, the better we can understand Earth's climate history and future. Explaining current knowledge, physical and chemical mechanisms, and unanswered questions, the book brings the reader to the cutting edge of this field.
David Manning
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195182392
- eISBN:
- 9780199851485
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182392.003.0069
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really only different aspects of the same thing—his pupils were his friends, his friends were always learning from ...
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Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really only different aspects of the same thing—his pupils were his friends, his friends were always learning from him, his music made friends for him all over the world, even among those who had never seen him, and will continue to make more friends for him in the years to come. Holst never fumbles; he says what he means without circumlocution; he is not afraid of a downright tune such as both the tunes in “Jupiter.” On the other hand, where the depth of the thought requires recondite harmony, he does not flinch. The strange chords in “Neptune” make “moderns” sound like milk and water. These chords never seem “wrong,” nor are they incongruous; the same mind is evident in the remote aloofness of Egdon Heath and the homely tunes of the St Paul's Suite.Less
Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really only different aspects of the same thing—his pupils were his friends, his friends were always learning from him, his music made friends for him all over the world, even among those who had never seen him, and will continue to make more friends for him in the years to come. Holst never fumbles; he says what he means without circumlocution; he is not afraid of a downright tune such as both the tunes in “Jupiter.” On the other hand, where the depth of the thought requires recondite harmony, he does not flinch. The strange chords in “Neptune” make “moderns” sound like milk and water. These chords never seem “wrong,” nor are they incongruous; the same mind is evident in the remote aloofness of Egdon Heath and the homely tunes of the St Paul's Suite.
David Manning
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195182392
- eISBN:
- 9780199851485
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182392.003.0072
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really different aspects of the same fact. It was his intense human sympathy that fostered his musical invention. In ...
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Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really different aspects of the same fact. It was his intense human sympathy that fostered his musical invention. In one of his lectures he speaks of the almost mystical unity that must necessarily exist between master and pupil, between friend and friend. Art and craft are travellers alongside each other. In England one does not always realise this. It is this very sureness of purpose which makes his music distasteful to some of the less bold hearted of his critics, who seem to think that the tunes from “Jupiter” and St. Paul's Suite are little less than an insult to the intelligence of the intelligentsia. However, Holst gets his own back in “Neptune” and Egdon Heath, with harmonies compared with which the wildest efforts of our young “moderns” are so much milk and water.Less
Gustav Holst was a great composer, a great teacher, and a great friend. These are really different aspects of the same fact. It was his intense human sympathy that fostered his musical invention. In one of his lectures he speaks of the almost mystical unity that must necessarily exist between master and pupil, between friend and friend. Art and craft are travellers alongside each other. In England one does not always realise this. It is this very sureness of purpose which makes his music distasteful to some of the less bold hearted of his critics, who seem to think that the tunes from “Jupiter” and St. Paul's Suite are little less than an insult to the intelligence of the intelligentsia. However, Holst gets his own back in “Neptune” and Egdon Heath, with harmonies compared with which the wildest efforts of our young “moderns” are so much milk and water.
Mary Orr
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199258581
- eISBN:
- 9780191718083
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199258581.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
Devil's rides into space are a well‐worked topos in literature, but this chapter points out for the first time their literal realities in the Montgolfier balloons and Garnarin's parachute that ...
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Devil's rides into space are a well‐worked topos in literature, but this chapter points out for the first time their literal realities in the Montgolfier balloons and Garnarin's parachute that constitute the 19th‐century ‘transports’ of Antoine's literary‐scientific imagination. The chapter then offers further appraisal of what the Devil ‘shows’ Antoine in space, namely (1) the (19th‐century) heliocentric solar system with the new planets, Uranus and Neptune discovered through understanding of gravitational pull, and (2) the huge literary‐scientific joke behind the Devil's transformations as the Norman mathematician Laplace's famous ‘demon’. The chapter ends by rethinking the genesis of the Tentation through the modern mystères of Le Poittevin's Bélial and Byron's Cain as among Flaubert's personal demons.Less
Devil's rides into space are a well‐worked topos in literature, but this chapter points out for the first time their literal realities in the Montgolfier balloons and Garnarin's parachute that constitute the 19th‐century ‘transports’ of Antoine's literary‐scientific imagination. The chapter then offers further appraisal of what the Devil ‘shows’ Antoine in space, namely (1) the (19th‐century) heliocentric solar system with the new planets, Uranus and Neptune discovered through understanding of gravitational pull, and (2) the huge literary‐scientific joke behind the Devil's transformations as the Norman mathematician Laplace's famous ‘demon’. The chapter ends by rethinking the genesis of the Tentation through the modern mystères of Le Poittevin's Bélial and Byron's Cain as among Flaubert's personal demons.
Andrew P. Ingersoll
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691145044
- eISBN:
- 9781400848232
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691145044.003.0010
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter focuses on the climates of Uranus, Neptune, and exoplanets. Uranus spins on its side, which allows a comparison between sunlight and rotation for their effects on weather patterns. In ...
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This chapter focuses on the climates of Uranus, Neptune, and exoplanets. Uranus spins on its side, which allows a comparison between sunlight and rotation for their effects on weather patterns. In contrast to Venus, Uranus is only weakly affcted by tides from the Sun because it is so far away. Models of planet accretion give a gradual clumping of small bodies into medium-sized bodies and then into large bodies, until finally only a few large bodies are left. The final collisions, which involved these large bodies, would have been quite violent and were capable of knocking Uranus on its side. After providing an overview of Uranus's rotation, insensitivity to seasonal cycles, and wind profile, the chapter considers Neptune's winds, effective radiating temperature, and Great Dark Spot. It also explains the radial velocity method and the transit method of detecting extrasolar planets.Less
This chapter focuses on the climates of Uranus, Neptune, and exoplanets. Uranus spins on its side, which allows a comparison between sunlight and rotation for their effects on weather patterns. In contrast to Venus, Uranus is only weakly affcted by tides from the Sun because it is so far away. Models of planet accretion give a gradual clumping of small bodies into medium-sized bodies and then into large bodies, until finally only a few large bodies are left. The final collisions, which involved these large bodies, would have been quite violent and were capable of knocking Uranus on its side. After providing an overview of Uranus's rotation, insensitivity to seasonal cycles, and wind profile, the chapter considers Neptune's winds, effective radiating temperature, and Great Dark Spot. It also explains the radial velocity method and the transit method of detecting extrasolar planets.
Peter J. Westwick
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300110753
- eISBN:
- 9780300134582
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300110753.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter shows that despite the failure of the SSEC plan—the bloated Mars Observer, the deferral of Mariner Mark II—the decade of the 1980s closed on a generally upbeat note. The optimism of ...
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This chapter shows that despite the failure of the SSEC plan—the bloated Mars Observer, the deferral of Mariner Mark II—the decade of the 1980s closed on a generally upbeat note. The optimism of 1985, dashed by Challenger, returned. Mars Observer and CRAF/Cassini, although expanding beyond austerity, were still under way. Voyager meanwhile continued to sustain the lab with encounters with Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989, and together with Galileo and Magellan it combined to restore confidence at JPL. Amid the drought in planetary launches, the main sustenance for planetary scientists in this period came from Voyager 2's encounters at Uranus and Neptune, which extended Voyager's triumphal tour of the outer solar system. The encounters, however, did not simply entail sitting back and waiting for the spacecraft to get there but required much new work.Less
This chapter shows that despite the failure of the SSEC plan—the bloated Mars Observer, the deferral of Mariner Mark II—the decade of the 1980s closed on a generally upbeat note. The optimism of 1985, dashed by Challenger, returned. Mars Observer and CRAF/Cassini, although expanding beyond austerity, were still under way. Voyager meanwhile continued to sustain the lab with encounters with Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989, and together with Galileo and Magellan it combined to restore confidence at JPL. Amid the drought in planetary launches, the main sustenance for planetary scientists in this period came from Voyager 2's encounters at Uranus and Neptune, which extended Voyager's triumphal tour of the outer solar system. The encounters, however, did not simply entail sitting back and waiting for the spacecraft to get there but required much new work.
David Clarke
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780748678891
- eISBN:
- 9780748689286
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748678891.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Scottish Studies
This chapter covers the life of John Pringle Nichol who, as the 5th Regius Professor of Astronomy (1836 to 1859), influenced extra-mural interest in the subject to a passion that the local citizens ...
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This chapter covers the life of John Pringle Nichol who, as the 5th Regius Professor of Astronomy (1836 to 1859), influenced extra-mural interest in the subject to a passion that the local citizens funded a substantial observatory on Horselethill, beyond the precincts of the city. A few years after the build (1841), it was saved from financial collapse by the University. Part of the difficulties had arisen through Nichol's extravagance in purchasing unnecessarily expensive equipment including an Ertel transit telescope from Germany - gold instead of silver. Horselethill Observatory was kept in operation for 100 years. Nichol was a prolific writer and populariser of Astronomy; his books Contemplations on the Solar System and Views of the Architecture of the Heavens, the latter expanding on the Nebular Hypothesis, and one describing the discovery of Neptune, received international acclaim; his writings had influence on other giants in the literary arena beyond science including George Eliot, Edgar Allan Poe and Thomas de Quincey. A remarkable read is his Memorials From Ben Rhydding which includes a description of his opium addiction and of its cure. Both he and his son are immortalised in the magnificent memorial stained glass window of the University's Bute Hall.Less
This chapter covers the life of John Pringle Nichol who, as the 5th Regius Professor of Astronomy (1836 to 1859), influenced extra-mural interest in the subject to a passion that the local citizens funded a substantial observatory on Horselethill, beyond the precincts of the city. A few years after the build (1841), it was saved from financial collapse by the University. Part of the difficulties had arisen through Nichol's extravagance in purchasing unnecessarily expensive equipment including an Ertel transit telescope from Germany - gold instead of silver. Horselethill Observatory was kept in operation for 100 years. Nichol was a prolific writer and populariser of Astronomy; his books Contemplations on the Solar System and Views of the Architecture of the Heavens, the latter expanding on the Nebular Hypothesis, and one describing the discovery of Neptune, received international acclaim; his writings had influence on other giants in the literary arena beyond science including George Eliot, Edgar Allan Poe and Thomas de Quincey. A remarkable read is his Memorials From Ben Rhydding which includes a description of his opium addiction and of its cure. Both he and his son are immortalised in the magnificent memorial stained glass window of the University's Bute Hall.
Joachim Ludewig
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813140797
- eISBN:
- 9780813141305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813140797.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Chapter 2 outlines the strategies formulated by the Allies at the Second Cairo Conference and the Teheran Conference in preparation for the invasion of France. The objective of Operation Overlord, ...
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Chapter 2 outlines the strategies formulated by the Allies at the Second Cairo Conference and the Teheran Conference in preparation for the invasion of France. The objective of Operation Overlord, which was scheduled for a duration of ninety days of combat, was to establish for the Allied forces a sufficiently large lodgement area on the Continent, from which the follow-on offensives could be launched toward the Reich.Less
Chapter 2 outlines the strategies formulated by the Allies at the Second Cairo Conference and the Teheran Conference in preparation for the invasion of France. The objective of Operation Overlord, which was scheduled for a duration of ninety days of combat, was to establish for the Allied forces a sufficiently large lodgement area on the Continent, from which the follow-on offensives could be launched toward the Reich.
Claude A. Piantadosi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231162432
- eISBN:
- 9780231531030
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231162432.003.0013
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
This chapter discusses the exploration of areas beyond Mars, or the outer system. The inner and outer systems are separated by a void between Mars and Jupiter populated by thousands of remnants of ...
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This chapter discusses the exploration of areas beyond Mars, or the outer system. The inner and outer systems are separated by a void between Mars and Jupiter populated by thousands of remnants of the ancient Solar System, the main asteroid belt. The outer system is six times larger than the inner system. Mars, comparable to Antarctica, is balmy compared with the objects here. While the lowest recorded temperature on the Antarctic plateau is −89.5°C(−128.5°F), or 183.5 K, in Ceres it is 167 K, Jupiter's moon Callisto is 120 K, and Saturn's moon Titan is 90 K. Uranus's Shakespearian twins, Oberon and Titania, are ~60 K. Neptune's Triton, the coldest moon of all, is 35 K.Less
This chapter discusses the exploration of areas beyond Mars, or the outer system. The inner and outer systems are separated by a void between Mars and Jupiter populated by thousands of remnants of the ancient Solar System, the main asteroid belt. The outer system is six times larger than the inner system. Mars, comparable to Antarctica, is balmy compared with the objects here. While the lowest recorded temperature on the Antarctic plateau is −89.5°C(−128.5°F), or 183.5 K, in Ceres it is 167 K, Jupiter's moon Callisto is 120 K, and Saturn's moon Titan is 90 K. Uranus's Shakespearian twins, Oberon and Titania, are ~60 K. Neptune's Triton, the coldest moon of all, is 35 K.
Daniel R. Altschuler and Fernando J. Ballesteros
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198844419
- eISBN:
- 9780191879951
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198844419.003.0009
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics, Particle Physics / Astrophysics / Cosmology
This chapter is about the Scottish scientific writer Mary Somerville: her life and her relationships with the main scientists of the time.
This chapter is about the Scottish scientific writer Mary Somerville: her life and her relationships with the main scientists of the time.
