Pedro C. Magalhães
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199602346
- eISBN:
- 9780191739163
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199602346.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union, Comparative Politics
This chapter discusses our third dimension of EU citizenship – Scope of Government. It analyses people’s perceptions of and expectations for current and further EU policy-making capacity. It argues ...
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This chapter discusses our third dimension of EU citizenship – Scope of Government. It analyses people’s perceptions of and expectations for current and further EU policy-making capacity. It argues that Scope captures mainly a political, prospective and input-oriented dimension of citizenship. Accordingly, instrumental rationality – perceptions of the costs and benefits of EU membership – should have little impact on people’s attitudes towards the Scope of EU government. Rather, attitudes towards Scope should be driven mainly by political and identitarian factors. The analysis shows that domestic political cues, confidence in EU institutions, and feelings of (exclusive) national identity are strong individual level predictors of Scope of government attitudes. Their impact is reinforced by system-level factors, such as domestic polarisation over EU integration and the quality of government at the national level.Less
This chapter discusses our third dimension of EU citizenship – Scope of Government. It analyses people’s perceptions of and expectations for current and further EU policy-making capacity. It argues that Scope captures mainly a political, prospective and input-oriented dimension of citizenship. Accordingly, instrumental rationality – perceptions of the costs and benefits of EU membership – should have little impact on people’s attitudes towards the Scope of EU government. Rather, attitudes towards Scope should be driven mainly by political and identitarian factors. The analysis shows that domestic political cues, confidence in EU institutions, and feelings of (exclusive) national identity are strong individual level predictors of Scope of government attitudes. Their impact is reinforced by system-level factors, such as domestic polarisation over EU integration and the quality of government at the national level.
Howard A. Schmidt
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823244560
- eISBN:
- 9780823268948
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823244560.003.0016
- Subject:
- Information Science, Information Science
This chapter first discusses the National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC), established by the White House in 2010 in response to a near-term action item in President Obama's ...
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This chapter first discusses the National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC), established by the White House in 2010 in response to a near-term action item in President Obama's Cyberspace Policy Review. The strategy calls for the creation of an Identity Ecosystem. The ecosystem's core is for the key components of a cyber transaction—namely the individual and organization identities, along with the identities of the infrastructure that handles transactions—to operate in a streamlined and safe manner, moving away from the culture of having different user names and passwords for each website. In its place, individuals voluntarily choose a secure privacy-enhancing credential to verify themselves for all types of online transactions from online banking, sending email, maintaining health records, or for any other personal cyber uses. The chapter goes on to describe the Comprehensive National Cyberspace Initiative (CNCI), which outlines a plan for sharing situational awareness among federal, state, and local governments, and private industry partners.Less
This chapter first discusses the National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC), established by the White House in 2010 in response to a near-term action item in President Obama's Cyberspace Policy Review. The strategy calls for the creation of an Identity Ecosystem. The ecosystem's core is for the key components of a cyber transaction—namely the individual and organization identities, along with the identities of the infrastructure that handles transactions—to operate in a streamlined and safe manner, moving away from the culture of having different user names and passwords for each website. In its place, individuals voluntarily choose a secure privacy-enhancing credential to verify themselves for all types of online transactions from online banking, sending email, maintaining health records, or for any other personal cyber uses. The chapter goes on to describe the Comprehensive National Cyberspace Initiative (CNCI), which outlines a plan for sharing situational awareness among federal, state, and local governments, and private industry partners.
Nasar Meer
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781474427234
- eISBN:
- 9781474438407
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427234.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
The purpose of this chapter is to locate the discussion about Muslims in Scotland in relation to questions of national identity and multicultural citizenship. While the former has certainly been a ...
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The purpose of this chapter is to locate the discussion about Muslims in Scotland in relation to questions of national identity and multicultural citizenship. While the former has certainly been a prominent feature of public and policy debate, the latter has largely been overshadowed by constitutional questions raised by devolution and the referenda on independence. This means that, while we have undoubtedly progressed since MacEwen (1980) characterised the treatment of ‘race-relations’ in Scotland as a matter either of ‘ignorance or apathy’, the issue of where ethnic, racial and religious minorities rest in the contemporary landscape remains unsettled. One of the core arguments of this chapter is that these issues are all interrelated, and that the present and future status of Muslims in Scotland is tied up with wider debates about the ‘national question’. Hitherto, however, study of national identity in Scotland has often (though not always) been discussed in relation to the national identities of England, Wales and Britain as a whole.Less
The purpose of this chapter is to locate the discussion about Muslims in Scotland in relation to questions of national identity and multicultural citizenship. While the former has certainly been a prominent feature of public and policy debate, the latter has largely been overshadowed by constitutional questions raised by devolution and the referenda on independence. This means that, while we have undoubtedly progressed since MacEwen (1980) characterised the treatment of ‘race-relations’ in Scotland as a matter either of ‘ignorance or apathy’, the issue of where ethnic, racial and religious minorities rest in the contemporary landscape remains unsettled. One of the core arguments of this chapter is that these issues are all interrelated, and that the present and future status of Muslims in Scotland is tied up with wider debates about the ‘national question’. Hitherto, however, study of national identity in Scotland has often (though not always) been discussed in relation to the national identities of England, Wales and Britain as a whole.
Nicola Foote and Michael Goebel (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780813060002
- eISBN:
- 9780813050461
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813060002.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This book provides a comprehensive, comparative overview of immigration to Latin America, and presents original insight into the significance of immigration for regional national identities. The book ...
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This book provides a comprehensive, comparative overview of immigration to Latin America, and presents original insight into the significance of immigration for regional national identities. The book is divided into two sections. Part one examines different spaces of migration, with chapters on the Greater Caribbean, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. Part two focuses on migrating peoples, with chapters on Jewish, German, Chinese, British Caribbean, Italian, and Middle Eastern immigrants. The volume is framed by a theoretically engaged introduction and conclusion, which locate the case-studies in important debates within nationalism and migration studies. Conceptual themes examined include assimilation, race formation, xenophobia, the negotiation of citizenship, informal empire, diaspora nationalism, and transnationalism. The volume demonstrates conclusively that nation-building processes and ideas about nationality in Latin America were intimately entwined with immigration and cannot be fully understood without them. It also makes an important theoretical contribution by bringing migration studies and nationalism studies–which have historically developed along separate paths–into a single and coherent analytical framework.Less
This book provides a comprehensive, comparative overview of immigration to Latin America, and presents original insight into the significance of immigration for regional national identities. The book is divided into two sections. Part one examines different spaces of migration, with chapters on the Greater Caribbean, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. Part two focuses on migrating peoples, with chapters on Jewish, German, Chinese, British Caribbean, Italian, and Middle Eastern immigrants. The volume is framed by a theoretically engaged introduction and conclusion, which locate the case-studies in important debates within nationalism and migration studies. Conceptual themes examined include assimilation, race formation, xenophobia, the negotiation of citizenship, informal empire, diaspora nationalism, and transnationalism. The volume demonstrates conclusively that nation-building processes and ideas about nationality in Latin America were intimately entwined with immigration and cannot be fully understood without them. It also makes an important theoretical contribution by bringing migration studies and nationalism studies–which have historically developed along separate paths–into a single and coherent analytical framework.
Jorge Duany
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781683400905
- eISBN:
- 9781683401193
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9781683400905.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
Volume editor Jorge Duany briefly reviews the intellectual history of Cuban thought on national identity since the late eighteenth century. Several generations of Cuban writers and artists on the ...
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Volume editor Jorge Duany briefly reviews the intellectual history of Cuban thought on national identity since the late eighteenth century. Several generations of Cuban writers and artists on the island and abroad have drawn the contours of their “moveable nation,” according to different historical junctures, geographic locations, and ideological perspectives. Duany notes that the search for and affirmation of Cuba’s national identity strongly shaped the history of the visual arts, as well as literature, music, and other cultural expressions. The author then explains the origins of the current volume in an interdisciplinary 2017 conference on Cuban and Cuban-American art held at the Frost Art Museum of Florida International University in Miami. The second part of the introduction summarizes the contents of the volume, highlighting the significance of Cuban and Cuban-American art for the construction of national and diasporic identities.Less
Volume editor Jorge Duany briefly reviews the intellectual history of Cuban thought on national identity since the late eighteenth century. Several generations of Cuban writers and artists on the island and abroad have drawn the contours of their “moveable nation,” according to different historical junctures, geographic locations, and ideological perspectives. Duany notes that the search for and affirmation of Cuba’s national identity strongly shaped the history of the visual arts, as well as literature, music, and other cultural expressions. The author then explains the origins of the current volume in an interdisciplinary 2017 conference on Cuban and Cuban-American art held at the Frost Art Museum of Florida International University in Miami. The second part of the introduction summarizes the contents of the volume, highlighting the significance of Cuban and Cuban-American art for the construction of national and diasporic identities.
Raymond Boyle and Richard Haynes
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748635924
- eISBN:
- 9780748671083
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748635924.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
Examines the role sport plays in representing national identity in the media. Looks at how television and the media more generally reproduce and challenge expectations around national stereotypes and ...
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Examines the role sport plays in representing national identity in the media. Looks at how television and the media more generally reproduce and challenge expectations around national stereotypes and sport. It examines the implications of this process for the media and sport.Less
Examines the role sport plays in representing national identity in the media. Looks at how television and the media more generally reproduce and challenge expectations around national stereotypes and sport. It examines the implications of this process for the media and sport.
Christine Agius and Dean Keep (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526110244
- eISBN:
- 9781526136022
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526110244.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Identity is often regarded as something that is possessed by individuals, states, and other agents. In this edited collection, identity is explored across a range of approaches and under-explored ...
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Identity is often regarded as something that is possessed by individuals, states, and other agents. In this edited collection, identity is explored across a range of approaches and under-explored case studies with a view to making visible its fractured, contingent, and dynamic features. The book brings together themes of belonging and exclusion, identity formation and fragmentation. It also examines how identity functions in discourse, and the effects it produces, both materially and in ideational terms. Taking in case studies from Asia-Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Latin America, the various chapters interrogate identity through formal governing mechanisms, popular culture and place. These studies demonstrate the complex and fluid nature of identity and identity practices, as well as implications for theorising identity.Less
Identity is often regarded as something that is possessed by individuals, states, and other agents. In this edited collection, identity is explored across a range of approaches and under-explored case studies with a view to making visible its fractured, contingent, and dynamic features. The book brings together themes of belonging and exclusion, identity formation and fragmentation. It also examines how identity functions in discourse, and the effects it produces, both materially and in ideational terms. Taking in case studies from Asia-Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Latin America, the various chapters interrogate identity through formal governing mechanisms, popular culture and place. These studies demonstrate the complex and fluid nature of identity and identity practices, as well as implications for theorising identity.
Ari J. Blatt and Edward Welch (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781786941787
- eISBN:
- 9781789623239
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786941787.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The look and feel of metropolitan France has been a notable preoccupation of French literary and visual culture since the 1980s. Numerous writers, filmmakers and photographers have been drawn to ...
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The look and feel of metropolitan France has been a notable preoccupation of French literary and visual culture since the 1980s. Numerous writers, filmmakers and photographers have been drawn to articulate France’s contrasting spatial qualities, from infrastructural installations such as roads, rail lines and ports, to peri-urban residential developments and isolated rural enclaves. In doing so, they explore how the country’s acute sense of national identity has been both asserted and challenged in topographic terms. This wide-ranging collection of essays explores how the contemporary concern with space in France has taken shape across a range of media, from recent cinema, documentary filmmaking and photographic projects through to television drama and contemporary fiction, and examines what it reveals about the state of the nation in a post-colonial and post-industrial age. The impact of global flows of capital, trade and migration can be mapped through attention to the specificities of place and topography. Investigation of liminal locations, from seaboard cities and abandoned industrial sites to refugee camps and peasant smallholdings, interrogates the assertion of a national territory (and thereby, a national identity) through the figure of the hexagon, and highlights the fluidities, instabilities and lines of flight which render it increasingly unsettled.Less
The look and feel of metropolitan France has been a notable preoccupation of French literary and visual culture since the 1980s. Numerous writers, filmmakers and photographers have been drawn to articulate France’s contrasting spatial qualities, from infrastructural installations such as roads, rail lines and ports, to peri-urban residential developments and isolated rural enclaves. In doing so, they explore how the country’s acute sense of national identity has been both asserted and challenged in topographic terms. This wide-ranging collection of essays explores how the contemporary concern with space in France has taken shape across a range of media, from recent cinema, documentary filmmaking and photographic projects through to television drama and contemporary fiction, and examines what it reveals about the state of the nation in a post-colonial and post-industrial age. The impact of global flows of capital, trade and migration can be mapped through attention to the specificities of place and topography. Investigation of liminal locations, from seaboard cities and abandoned industrial sites to refugee camps and peasant smallholdings, interrogates the assertion of a national territory (and thereby, a national identity) through the figure of the hexagon, and highlights the fluidities, instabilities and lines of flight which render it increasingly unsettled.
W. Elliot Bulmer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748697595
- eISBN:
- 9781474427128
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748697595.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Scottish Studies
Constitutions have to fit the context for which they are intended. Before examining specific constitutional proposals for the future constitution of an independent Scotland, this chapter therefore ...
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Constitutions have to fit the context for which they are intended. Before examining specific constitutional proposals for the future constitution of an independent Scotland, this chapter therefore explores the contextual conditions that set the needs and basic parameters of constitutional design. Subjects covered include national identity, the party system, religious influences and sectarian divisions, ideology, and the internal territorial politics of Scotland.Less
Constitutions have to fit the context for which they are intended. Before examining specific constitutional proposals for the future constitution of an independent Scotland, this chapter therefore explores the contextual conditions that set the needs and basic parameters of constitutional design. Subjects covered include national identity, the party system, religious influences and sectarian divisions, ideology, and the internal territorial politics of Scotland.
Allison Abra
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781784994334
- eISBN:
- 9781526128218
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784994334.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Dancing in the English style explores the development, experience, and cultural representation of popular dance in Britain from the end of the First World War to the early 1950s. It describes the ...
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Dancing in the English style explores the development, experience, and cultural representation of popular dance in Britain from the end of the First World War to the early 1950s. It describes the rise of modern ballroom dancing as Britain’s predominant popular style, as well as the opening of hundreds of affordable dancing schools and purpose-built dance halls around the country. It focuses in particular on the relationship between two emerging commercial producers – the dance profession and dance hall industry – and the consumers who formed the dancing public. Together these groups negotiated the creation of a ‘national’ dancing style and experience, which constructed, circulated, and commodified ideas about national identity. At the same time, the book emphasizes the global, exploring the impact of international cultural products on national identity construction, the complexities of Americanisation, and Britain’s place in a transnational system of production and consumption that forged the dances of the Jazz Age.Less
Dancing in the English style explores the development, experience, and cultural representation of popular dance in Britain from the end of the First World War to the early 1950s. It describes the rise of modern ballroom dancing as Britain’s predominant popular style, as well as the opening of hundreds of affordable dancing schools and purpose-built dance halls around the country. It focuses in particular on the relationship between two emerging commercial producers – the dance profession and dance hall industry – and the consumers who formed the dancing public. Together these groups negotiated the creation of a ‘national’ dancing style and experience, which constructed, circulated, and commodified ideas about national identity. At the same time, the book emphasizes the global, exploring the impact of international cultural products on national identity construction, the complexities of Americanisation, and Britain’s place in a transnational system of production and consumption that forged the dances of the Jazz Age.
Jean-Luc Nancy
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823256105
- eISBN:
- 9780823261314
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256105.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
Identity. Fragments, Frankness is a dense and powerful essay on the notion of identity and on how it plays in our contemporary world. In contrast with various attempts to cling to established ...
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Identity. Fragments, Frankness is a dense and powerful essay on the notion of identity and on how it plays in our contemporary world. In contrast with various attempts to cling to established identities, and to enclose identity within dubious agendas, Nancy shows that an identity is always open: to alterity and its transformations. Ultimately one does not have an identity but has to become what one is, without ever returning to a same but solely to difference and singularity. Jean-Luc Nancy shows the impasse of a certain conception of identity, as the “identity of the identifiable,” which always refers to some permanent, given, substantial identity, such as “the French.” To such identity, he opposes the identity of what identifies oneself, invents itself in an open process of exposure to others and internal difference.Less
Identity. Fragments, Frankness is a dense and powerful essay on the notion of identity and on how it plays in our contemporary world. In contrast with various attempts to cling to established identities, and to enclose identity within dubious agendas, Nancy shows that an identity is always open: to alterity and its transformations. Ultimately one does not have an identity but has to become what one is, without ever returning to a same but solely to difference and singularity. Jean-Luc Nancy shows the impasse of a certain conception of identity, as the “identity of the identifiable,” which always refers to some permanent, given, substantial identity, such as “the French.” To such identity, he opposes the identity of what identifies oneself, invents itself in an open process of exposure to others and internal difference.
Jeff Rosen
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781784993177
- eISBN:
- 9781526109811
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784993177.001.0001
- Subject:
- Art, Art History
The Victorians admired Julia Margaret Cameron for her evocative photographic portraits of eminent men like Tennyson, Carlyle, and Darwin. But Cameron also made numerous photographs called ‘fancy ...
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The Victorians admired Julia Margaret Cameron for her evocative photographic portraits of eminent men like Tennyson, Carlyle, and Darwin. But Cameron also made numerous photographs called ‘fancy subjects’ that depicted scenes from literature, personifications from classical mythology, and biblical parables from the Old and New Testament. Julia Margaret Cameron’s ‘fancy subjects’ is the first comprehensive study of these works, examining Cameron’s use of historical allegories and popular iconography to embed moral, intellectual, and political narratives in her photographs. A work of cultural history as much as art history, this book examines cartoons from Punch and line drawings from the Illustrated London News; cabinet photographs and Autotype prints; textiles and wall paper; book illustrations and engravings from period folios, all as a way to contextualize the allegorical subjects that Cameron represented, revealing connections between her ‘fancy subjects’ and popular debates about such topics as biblical interpretation, democratic government, national identity, and colonial expansion.Less
The Victorians admired Julia Margaret Cameron for her evocative photographic portraits of eminent men like Tennyson, Carlyle, and Darwin. But Cameron also made numerous photographs called ‘fancy subjects’ that depicted scenes from literature, personifications from classical mythology, and biblical parables from the Old and New Testament. Julia Margaret Cameron’s ‘fancy subjects’ is the first comprehensive study of these works, examining Cameron’s use of historical allegories and popular iconography to embed moral, intellectual, and political narratives in her photographs. A work of cultural history as much as art history, this book examines cartoons from Punch and line drawings from the Illustrated London News; cabinet photographs and Autotype prints; textiles and wall paper; book illustrations and engravings from period folios, all as a way to contextualize the allegorical subjects that Cameron represented, revealing connections between her ‘fancy subjects’ and popular debates about such topics as biblical interpretation, democratic government, national identity, and colonial expansion.
Paul Gilbert
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748623877
- eISBN:
- 9780748671991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748623877.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This introductory chapter examines the politics of cultural identity groups, that is, groups of people sharing a common culture which is taken to confer on them a collective identity that deserves ...
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This introductory chapter examines the politics of cultural identity groups, that is, groups of people sharing a common culture which is taken to confer on them a collective identity that deserves political recognition, for example a national identity. The chapter summarises the theoretical support for such recognition claims that has recently been provided by communitarians like Charles Taylor and liberals like Will Kymlicka, and shows how others have opposed this politics of identity. It indicates how the present book will join this opposition.Less
This introductory chapter examines the politics of cultural identity groups, that is, groups of people sharing a common culture which is taken to confer on them a collective identity that deserves political recognition, for example a national identity. The chapter summarises the theoretical support for such recognition claims that has recently been provided by communitarians like Charles Taylor and liberals like Will Kymlicka, and shows how others have opposed this politics of identity. It indicates how the present book will join this opposition.
Jonathan Hearn
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780719087998
- eISBN:
- 9781526128492
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719087998.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global ...
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This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global banking and financial crisis that emerged around 2008 with devastating effects on several banks, including this one. It focuses on the year in which Bank of Scotland merged with Halifax to form HBOS, scrutinising an encounter between two very different organisational cultures, embedded in Scottish and English national identities that are often symbolically opposed. Through this ethnographic setting it explores how bank staff coped with and made sense of rapid organisational change, and how those changes prefigured the crisis that was to come. That change was part of wider social and economic changes often associated with neoliberalism, heightened competition, and embattled social solidarity. Thus the study in a sense salvages a record of a disappearing banking culture, which is symptomatic of wider social change. The book contributes to our understanding of the stereotypes and mutual perceptions that shape Scottish and English national identities, while using the interpenetrating national and organisational contexts to critically examine the concept of culture. It also engages in an innovative way with the perennial problem of relating small-scale ethnographic data to large-scale historical change. Written clearly and concisely, with narrative momentum, it will appeal to students and scholars interested in the banking and economic crisis, national identity in Scotland and the UK, the nature of culture, and the challenges of ethnographic research.Less
This book takes ethnographic data collected in 2001-2, during a year’s fieldwork in the Bank of Scotland and HBOS, and revisits it from the perspective of the present, that is, after the global banking and financial crisis that emerged around 2008 with devastating effects on several banks, including this one. It focuses on the year in which Bank of Scotland merged with Halifax to form HBOS, scrutinising an encounter between two very different organisational cultures, embedded in Scottish and English national identities that are often symbolically opposed. Through this ethnographic setting it explores how bank staff coped with and made sense of rapid organisational change, and how those changes prefigured the crisis that was to come. That change was part of wider social and economic changes often associated with neoliberalism, heightened competition, and embattled social solidarity. Thus the study in a sense salvages a record of a disappearing banking culture, which is symptomatic of wider social change. The book contributes to our understanding of the stereotypes and mutual perceptions that shape Scottish and English national identities, while using the interpenetrating national and organisational contexts to critically examine the concept of culture. It also engages in an innovative way with the perennial problem of relating small-scale ethnographic data to large-scale historical change. Written clearly and concisely, with narrative momentum, it will appeal to students and scholars interested in the banking and economic crisis, national identity in Scotland and the UK, the nature of culture, and the challenges of ethnographic research.
Katalin Buzási
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034708
- eISBN:
- 9780262335980
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034708.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter contributes to the recent strand of the empirical political and economic literature that attempts to reveal the determinants of national identification in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although ...
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This chapter contributes to the recent strand of the empirical political and economic literature that attempts to reveal the determinants of national identification in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although previous survey-based studies provide evidence that the socio-economic characteristics of individuals, the properties of ethnic groups they belong to, and certain country-level variables influence the probability of having positive attitudes toward the ethnic group or the nation, the role of languages has not been studied in this context yet. Inspired by findings of psycholinguistics and related disciplines, we utilize the fourth round of the Afrobarometer Project (surveyed in 2008 and 2009) to conduct analysis on the possible positive relationship between language knowledge and identification in national versus ethnic terms. We introduce two language-related explanatory variables. First, the Index of Communication Potential (ICP) reflects the probability that an individual can communicate with another randomly selected person within the society relying on commonly spoken languages. Second, we take into account the number of spoken languages in one’s repertoire. The multilevel models show that although speaking more than two languages increases the chance of identifying in national compared to ethnic terms, the ICP is not significant in this sense on the whole sample. But, when we consider the nationality of the former colonizers, the ICP exhibits positive relationship with national identification on the sub-sample of the former French colonies.Less
This chapter contributes to the recent strand of the empirical political and economic literature that attempts to reveal the determinants of national identification in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although previous survey-based studies provide evidence that the socio-economic characteristics of individuals, the properties of ethnic groups they belong to, and certain country-level variables influence the probability of having positive attitudes toward the ethnic group or the nation, the role of languages has not been studied in this context yet. Inspired by findings of psycholinguistics and related disciplines, we utilize the fourth round of the Afrobarometer Project (surveyed in 2008 and 2009) to conduct analysis on the possible positive relationship between language knowledge and identification in national versus ethnic terms. We introduce two language-related explanatory variables. First, the Index of Communication Potential (ICP) reflects the probability that an individual can communicate with another randomly selected person within the society relying on commonly spoken languages. Second, we take into account the number of spoken languages in one’s repertoire. The multilevel models show that although speaking more than two languages increases the chance of identifying in national compared to ethnic terms, the ICP is not significant in this sense on the whole sample. But, when we consider the nationality of the former colonizers, the ICP exhibits positive relationship with national identification on the sub-sample of the former French colonies.
Arthur Aughey
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719068720
- eISBN:
- 9781781701300
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719068720.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter considers a legend of integration, a narrative that may be said to constitute the English answer to problems of stable governance. It comments on Krishnan Kumar's The Making of English ...
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This chapter considers a legend of integration, a narrative that may be said to constitute the English answer to problems of stable governance. It comments on Krishnan Kumar's The Making of English National Identity, in which he claimed that there are virtually no expressions of English nationalism and no native tradition of reflection on English national identity. The chapter suggests that the link between the history of a people and its political institutions was a key feature of English reflection on the modern state, and that the lack of an overtly defined nationalism did not and does not mean the absence of a profound sense of nationality or even a certain idea of England. It also discusses the English claim of exceptionalism.Less
This chapter considers a legend of integration, a narrative that may be said to constitute the English answer to problems of stable governance. It comments on Krishnan Kumar's The Making of English National Identity, in which he claimed that there are virtually no expressions of English nationalism and no native tradition of reflection on English national identity. The chapter suggests that the link between the history of a people and its political institutions was a key feature of English reflection on the modern state, and that the lack of an overtly defined nationalism did not and does not mean the absence of a profound sense of nationality or even a certain idea of England. It also discusses the English claim of exceptionalism.
Rebecca Tillett
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748626014
- eISBN:
- 9780748670673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748626014.003.0015
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This essay provides an historical context for considering ethnicity, immigration and American identity. Beginning with early positive cultural identities as found in de Crèvecoeur and de Tocqueville, ...
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This essay provides an historical context for considering ethnicity, immigration and American identity. Beginning with early positive cultural identities as found in de Crèvecoeur and de Tocqueville, the author identifies anxieties over the ability of recently arrived immigrants to assimilate in the writings of Benjamin Franklin and in US legislature throughout the late nineteenth century. These fears regarding immigration and assimilation are traced through the twentieth century to 1990s immigration acts and policies which were introduced as an apparent response to a resurgence of nativism. The author, Rebecca Tillett, explores the contours of nativist theories put forward by the likes of Samuel Huntington and Arthur Schlesinger Jr. and examines their impact upon government policy. The chapter concludes with a consideration of a very public image of American national identity, in the figure of Private Jessica Lynch, juxtaposed with ‘other’ hidden American identities, Specialist Shoshana Johnson and Private Lori Ann Piestewa.Less
This essay provides an historical context for considering ethnicity, immigration and American identity. Beginning with early positive cultural identities as found in de Crèvecoeur and de Tocqueville, the author identifies anxieties over the ability of recently arrived immigrants to assimilate in the writings of Benjamin Franklin and in US legislature throughout the late nineteenth century. These fears regarding immigration and assimilation are traced through the twentieth century to 1990s immigration acts and policies which were introduced as an apparent response to a resurgence of nativism. The author, Rebecca Tillett, explores the contours of nativist theories put forward by the likes of Samuel Huntington and Arthur Schlesinger Jr. and examines their impact upon government policy. The chapter concludes with a consideration of a very public image of American national identity, in the figure of Private Jessica Lynch, juxtaposed with ‘other’ hidden American identities, Specialist Shoshana Johnson and Private Lori Ann Piestewa.
Liz Harvey-Kattou
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781789620054
- eISBN:
- 9781789629569
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620054.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Costa Rica is a country known internationally for its eco-credentials, dazzling coastlines, and reputation as one of the happiest and most peaceful nations on earth. Beneath this façade, however, ...
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Costa Rica is a country known internationally for its eco-credentials, dazzling coastlines, and reputation as one of the happiest and most peaceful nations on earth. Beneath this façade, however, lies an exclusionary rhetoric of nationalism bound up in the concept of the tico, as many Costa Ricans refer to themselves. Beginning by considering the very idea of national identity and what this constitutes, this book explores the nature of the idealised tico identity, demonstrating the ways in which it has assumed a white supremacist, Central Valley-centric, patriarchal, heteronormative stance based on colonial ideals. Chapters two and three then go on to consider the literature and films produced that stand in opposition to this normative image of who or what is tico and their creation as vehicles of soft power which aim to question social norms. This book explores protest literature from the 1970s by Quince Duncan, Carmen Naranjo, and Alfonso Chase who narrate their experiences from the margins of society by virtue of their identity as Afro-Costa Rican, feminist, and homosexual authors. Cinema from the twenty-first century is then analysed to demonstrate the nuanced and intersectional position chosen by national directors Esteban Ramírez, Paz Fábrega, Jurgen Ureña, and Patricia Velásquez to challenge the dominant nation-image as they reinscribe youth culture, Afro-Costa Rica, a female consciousness, and trans identity into the fabric of the nation.Less
Costa Rica is a country known internationally for its eco-credentials, dazzling coastlines, and reputation as one of the happiest and most peaceful nations on earth. Beneath this façade, however, lies an exclusionary rhetoric of nationalism bound up in the concept of the tico, as many Costa Ricans refer to themselves. Beginning by considering the very idea of national identity and what this constitutes, this book explores the nature of the idealised tico identity, demonstrating the ways in which it has assumed a white supremacist, Central Valley-centric, patriarchal, heteronormative stance based on colonial ideals. Chapters two and three then go on to consider the literature and films produced that stand in opposition to this normative image of who or what is tico and their creation as vehicles of soft power which aim to question social norms. This book explores protest literature from the 1970s by Quince Duncan, Carmen Naranjo, and Alfonso Chase who narrate their experiences from the margins of society by virtue of their identity as Afro-Costa Rican, feminist, and homosexual authors. Cinema from the twenty-first century is then analysed to demonstrate the nuanced and intersectional position chosen by national directors Esteban Ramírez, Paz Fábrega, Jurgen Ureña, and Patricia Velásquez to challenge the dominant nation-image as they reinscribe youth culture, Afro-Costa Rica, a female consciousness, and trans identity into the fabric of the nation.
Andrés Baeza Ruz
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781786941725
- eISBN:
- 9781789623192
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786941725.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This is a study on the relations between Britain and Chile during the Spanish American independence era (1806–1831). These relations were characterised by a dynamic, unpredictable and changing ...
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This is a study on the relations between Britain and Chile during the Spanish American independence era (1806–1831). These relations were characterised by a dynamic, unpredictable and changing nature, being imperialism only one and not the exclusive way to define them. The book explores how Britons and Chileans perceived each other from the perspective of cultural history, considering the consequences of these ‘cultural encounters’ for the subsequent nation–state building process in Chile. From 1806 to 1831 both British and Chilean ‘state’ and ‘non–state’ actors interacted across several different ‘contact zones’, and thereby configured this relationship in multiple ways. Although the extensive presence of ‘non–state’ actors (missionaries, seamen, educators and merchants) was a manifestation of the ‘expansion’ of British interests to Chile, they were not necessarily an expression of any British imperial policy. There were multiple attitudes, perceptions, representations and discourses by Chileans on the role played by Britain in the world, which changed depending on the circumstances. Likewise, for Britons, Chile was represented in multiple ways, being the image of Chile as a pathway to other markets and destinations the most remarkable. All these had repercussions in the early nation–building process in Chile.Less
This is a study on the relations between Britain and Chile during the Spanish American independence era (1806–1831). These relations were characterised by a dynamic, unpredictable and changing nature, being imperialism only one and not the exclusive way to define them. The book explores how Britons and Chileans perceived each other from the perspective of cultural history, considering the consequences of these ‘cultural encounters’ for the subsequent nation–state building process in Chile. From 1806 to 1831 both British and Chilean ‘state’ and ‘non–state’ actors interacted across several different ‘contact zones’, and thereby configured this relationship in multiple ways. Although the extensive presence of ‘non–state’ actors (missionaries, seamen, educators and merchants) was a manifestation of the ‘expansion’ of British interests to Chile, they were not necessarily an expression of any British imperial policy. There were multiple attitudes, perceptions, representations and discourses by Chileans on the role played by Britain in the world, which changed depending on the circumstances. Likewise, for Britons, Chile was represented in multiple ways, being the image of Chile as a pathway to other markets and destinations the most remarkable. All these had repercussions in the early nation–building process in Chile.
Alison Fraunhar
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781683400905
- eISBN:
- 9781683401193
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9781683400905.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
Art historian Alison Fraunhar examines how graphic and fine arts helped trace the contours of national identity in colonial Cuba well before the island’s independence. Fraunhar dwells on maps and ...
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Art historian Alison Fraunhar examines how graphic and fine arts helped trace the contours of national identity in colonial Cuba well before the island’s independence. Fraunhar dwells on maps and other visual representations of rural and urban landscapes, people, and historical events that were critical to imagine Cuba as a separate nation with its own culture. The author argues persuasively that late nineteenth-century images of the island’s geography, history, and culture continue to be significant visual markers for contemporary Cuban artists.Less
Art historian Alison Fraunhar examines how graphic and fine arts helped trace the contours of national identity in colonial Cuba well before the island’s independence. Fraunhar dwells on maps and other visual representations of rural and urban landscapes, people, and historical events that were critical to imagine Cuba as a separate nation with its own culture. The author argues persuasively that late nineteenth-century images of the island’s geography, history, and culture continue to be significant visual markers for contemporary Cuban artists.
