Tamar W. Carroll
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469619880
- eISBN:
- 9781469619903
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469619880.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter explores the Mobilization for Youth (MFY), a social program aimed to assist Puerto Rican and African American male youths in achieving upward mobility and full inclusion in American ...
More
This chapter explores the Mobilization for Youth (MFY), a social program aimed to assist Puerto Rican and African American male youths in achieving upward mobility and full inclusion in American society. MFY was conducted in the Lower East Side, a neighborhood inhabited by successive waves of poor immigrants during the 1940s through the 1970s. Lloyd Ohlin and Richard Cloward conceptualized MFY as a top-down, expert intervention program aimed at low-income Puerto Rican and African American male youths and focused on remedial education and job training. It helped secure decent housing and quality education, inspiring social workers to develop a new model of client advocacy.Less
This chapter explores the Mobilization for Youth (MFY), a social program aimed to assist Puerto Rican and African American male youths in achieving upward mobility and full inclusion in American society. MFY was conducted in the Lower East Side, a neighborhood inhabited by successive waves of poor immigrants during the 1940s through the 1970s. Lloyd Ohlin and Richard Cloward conceptualized MFY as a top-down, expert intervention program aimed at low-income Puerto Rican and African American male youths and focused on remedial education and job training. It helped secure decent housing and quality education, inspiring social workers to develop a new model of client advocacy.
Mical Raz
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469608877
- eISBN:
- 9781469612669
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469608877.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly ...
More
This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly attempted to counter the perceived sensory deprivation caused by the “impoverished environment” of poor black homes as well as maternal deprivation attributed to inadequate mothers. It evaluates compensatory education programs developed in the early 1960s and then turns to Mobilization for Youth, a community action program active in the early and mid–1960s on Manhattan's Lower East Side.Less
This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly attempted to counter the perceived sensory deprivation caused by the “impoverished environment” of poor black homes as well as maternal deprivation attributed to inadequate mothers. It evaluates compensatory education programs developed in the early 1960s and then turns to Mobilization for Youth, a community action program active in the early and mid–1960s on Manhattan's Lower East Side.
Tamar W. Carroll
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469619880
- eISBN:
- 9781469619903
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469619880.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter demonstrates how MFY helped generate and influence the development of the legal services, welfare rights, and Black Arts movements in the US. Foremost was the way the research staff, ...
More
This chapter demonstrates how MFY helped generate and influence the development of the legal services, welfare rights, and Black Arts movements in the US. Foremost was the way the research staff, Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward, encouraged a range of grassroots activity, including the proactive canvassing of individuals and families eligible for benefits. In conjunction to the contribution of the two, Lyndon Johnson's administration took many of MFY's innovations and included them in the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act, particularly the employment of paraprofessionals—neighborhood residents who did not have formal education but who were valued for their experiential knowledge—as well as the concept of maximum feasible participation: the idea that poor people themselves should be involved in decision making in antipoverty programs.Less
This chapter demonstrates how MFY helped generate and influence the development of the legal services, welfare rights, and Black Arts movements in the US. Foremost was the way the research staff, Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward, encouraged a range of grassroots activity, including the proactive canvassing of individuals and families eligible for benefits. In conjunction to the contribution of the two, Lyndon Johnson's administration took many of MFY's innovations and included them in the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act, particularly the employment of paraprofessionals—neighborhood residents who did not have formal education but who were valued for their experiential knowledge—as well as the concept of maximum feasible participation: the idea that poor people themselves should be involved in decision making in antipoverty programs.
Tamar W. Carroll
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469619880
- eISBN:
- 9781469619903
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469619880.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
Examining three interconnected case studies, this book demonstrates the ability of grassroots community activism to bridge racial and cultural differences and effect social change. Drawing on an ...
More
Examining three interconnected case studies, this book demonstrates the ability of grassroots community activism to bridge racial and cultural differences and effect social change. Drawing on an array of oral histories, archival records, newspapers, films, and photographs from post-World War II New York City, the text shows how poor people transformed the antipoverty organization Mobilization for Youth and shaped the subsequent War on Poverty. Highlighting the little-known National Congress of Neighborhood Women, it reveals the significant participation of working-class white ethnic women and women of color in New York City's feminist activism. Finally, the text traces the partnership between the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) and Women's Health Action Mobilization (WHAM!), showing how gay men and feminists collaborated to create a supportive community for those affected by the AIDS epidemic, to improve health care, and to oppose homophobia and misogyny during the culture wars of the 1980s and 1990s. The book contends that social policies that encourage the political mobilization of marginalized groups and foster coalitions across identity differences are the most effective means of solving social problems and realizing democracy.Less
Examining three interconnected case studies, this book demonstrates the ability of grassroots community activism to bridge racial and cultural differences and effect social change. Drawing on an array of oral histories, archival records, newspapers, films, and photographs from post-World War II New York City, the text shows how poor people transformed the antipoverty organization Mobilization for Youth and shaped the subsequent War on Poverty. Highlighting the little-known National Congress of Neighborhood Women, it reveals the significant participation of working-class white ethnic women and women of color in New York City's feminist activism. Finally, the text traces the partnership between the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) and Women's Health Action Mobilization (WHAM!), showing how gay men and feminists collaborated to create a supportive community for those affected by the AIDS epidemic, to improve health care, and to oppose homophobia and misogyny during the culture wars of the 1980s and 1990s. The book contends that social policies that encourage the political mobilization of marginalized groups and foster coalitions across identity differences are the most effective means of solving social problems and realizing democracy.
Robin Marie Averbeck
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469646640
- eISBN:
- 9781469646664
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469646640.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Chapter 2 tells the story of liberal programs designed to try and reduce poverty in the inner cities. This includes both federal programs and private programs, often supported by federal funding. The ...
More
Chapter 2 tells the story of liberal programs designed to try and reduce poverty in the inner cities. This includes both federal programs and private programs, often supported by federal funding. The focus is on the sociological theory behind many of these programs, which justified themselves on having a fresh new approach to the problem of poverty. Key figures included Leonard Cottrell and Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin. Cloward and Ohlin in particular worked on one of the most celebrated antipoverty programs, Mobilization for Youth in New York City. However, the chapter also unpacks how these programs and theories reflected the assumption that poor people were dysfunctional and had to be taught how to participate in their own local democracies, laying the groundwork for the idea of a culture of poverty.Less
Chapter 2 tells the story of liberal programs designed to try and reduce poverty in the inner cities. This includes both federal programs and private programs, often supported by federal funding. The focus is on the sociological theory behind many of these programs, which justified themselves on having a fresh new approach to the problem of poverty. Key figures included Leonard Cottrell and Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin. Cloward and Ohlin in particular worked on one of the most celebrated antipoverty programs, Mobilization for Youth in New York City. However, the chapter also unpacks how these programs and theories reflected the assumption that poor people were dysfunctional and had to be taught how to participate in their own local democracies, laying the groundwork for the idea of a culture of poverty.
