Cheshire Calhoun
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199257669
- eISBN:
- 9780191598906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199257663.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The positive arguments for same‐sex marriage are discussed. The first argument links marriage rights to a normative ideal of long‐term, monogamous, sexually faithful intimacy, and defends marriage ...
More
The positive arguments for same‐sex marriage are discussed. The first argument links marriage rights to a normative ideal of long‐term, monogamous, sexually faithful intimacy, and defends marriage rights based on the value of that ideal. The second argument presses the connection between homophobia and sexism, stressing the way that securing same‐sex marriage rights might reduce sexism. The third argument links the denial of marriage rights to the cultural construction of gay men and lesbians as outsiders to the family, who are for that reason defective citizens. In pursuing this third line of argument, the US House and Senate arguments supporting the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1996 are addressed.Less
The positive arguments for same‐sex marriage are discussed. The first argument links marriage rights to a normative ideal of long‐term, monogamous, sexually faithful intimacy, and defends marriage rights based on the value of that ideal. The second argument presses the connection between homophobia and sexism, stressing the way that securing same‐sex marriage rights might reduce sexism. The third argument links the denial of marriage rights to the cultural construction of gay men and lesbians as outsiders to the family, who are for that reason defective citizens. In pursuing this third line of argument, the US House and Senate arguments supporting the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1996 are addressed.
Stephen Macedo
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691166483
- eISBN:
- 9781400865857
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691166483.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' ...
More
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' idea of marriage as an essentially gendered relationship of husband and wife before discussing the debate in the U.S. Senate in 2004 over a Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) to the Constitution. In particular, it explores two main claims advanced by Republican supporters of the FMA on the Senate floor: first, that traditional heterosexual marriage tends to promote children's wellbeing (which is true), and, second, that same-sex matrimony would damage or destroy heterosexual marriage. The chapter proceeds by reviewing the evidence regarding the impact of same-sex marriage on children's welfare and concludes by asking whether greater acceptance of marriages between gay males could contribute to the weakening of marriage.Less
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' idea of marriage as an essentially gendered relationship of husband and wife before discussing the debate in the U.S. Senate in 2004 over a Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) to the Constitution. In particular, it explores two main claims advanced by Republican supporters of the FMA on the Senate floor: first, that traditional heterosexual marriage tends to promote children's wellbeing (which is true), and, second, that same-sex matrimony would damage or destroy heterosexual marriage. The chapter proceeds by reviewing the evidence regarding the impact of same-sex marriage on children's welfare and concludes by asking whether greater acceptance of marriages between gay males could contribute to the weakening of marriage.
Lawrence M. Wills (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151428
- eISBN:
- 9780199870516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151429.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
An introduction and translation of The Marriage and Conversion of Aseneth (or Asenath), usually entitled Joseph and Aseneth. This novel fills in the story of Joseph from Genesis and his marriage to ...
More
An introduction and translation of The Marriage and Conversion of Aseneth (or Asenath), usually entitled Joseph and Aseneth. This novel fills in the story of Joseph from Genesis and his marriage to the Egyptian Aseneth. It includes the motifs of prayer, penitence, the competition of ethnic groups, the role of women, and the construction of gender. There is a mystical interlude that may give evidence of Jewish mysteries.Less
An introduction and translation of The Marriage and Conversion of Aseneth (or Asenath), usually entitled Joseph and Aseneth. This novel fills in the story of Joseph from Genesis and his marriage to the Egyptian Aseneth. It includes the motifs of prayer, penitence, the competition of ethnic groups, the role of women, and the construction of gender. There is a mystical interlude that may give evidence of Jewish mysteries.
Leslie Tuttle
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195381603
- eISBN:
- 9780199870295
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195381603.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History, Political History
The introduction sets out the contexts for understanding the early modern French state's decision to intervene proactively in its subjects' reproductive lives. It defines pronatalism, a terms that ...
More
The introduction sets out the contexts for understanding the early modern French state's decision to intervene proactively in its subjects' reproductive lives. It defines pronatalism, a terms that refers to policies intended that promote both population growth and the extension of the gendered identities associated with procreation and childrearing. The adoption of pronatalist policies in early modern France coincides with some of the earliest statistical evidence for the practice of contraception; both contraception and pronatalism demonstrate the spread of attitudes accepting human intervention to shape fertility. Pronatalist policy also extended the early modern French state's growing interest in regulating the domain of marriage and family.Less
The introduction sets out the contexts for understanding the early modern French state's decision to intervene proactively in its subjects' reproductive lives. It defines pronatalism, a terms that refers to policies intended that promote both population growth and the extension of the gendered identities associated with procreation and childrearing. The adoption of pronatalist policies in early modern France coincides with some of the earliest statistical evidence for the practice of contraception; both contraception and pronatalism demonstrate the spread of attitudes accepting human intervention to shape fertility. Pronatalist policy also extended the early modern French state's growing interest in regulating the domain of marriage and family.
Leslie Tuttle
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195381603
- eISBN:
- 9780199870295
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195381603.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History, Political History
This chapter offers a social and demographic analysis of the large families who claimed pronatalist tax exemptions in Old Regime France between 1666 and 1760. Samples suggest that recipients were ...
More
This chapter offers a social and demographic analysis of the large families who claimed pronatalist tax exemptions in Old Regime France between 1666 and 1760. Samples suggest that recipients were mostly members of urban middling groups including craftsmen and professionals. Demographically, their high fertility was the result of early, long‐lasting marriages and the employment of wetnurses. In social, economic and demographic terms, these families do not seem strikingly different from the French urban households who were beginning to adopt contraceptive practices during the same era. The chapter also reviews contemporary religious sources that not only forbade contraception, but that endowed marriage and prolific reproduction with positive spiritual value. It concludes with a brief study of the strategies some of the large families used to pass on assets and preserve harmony among their numerous progeny.Less
This chapter offers a social and demographic analysis of the large families who claimed pronatalist tax exemptions in Old Regime France between 1666 and 1760. Samples suggest that recipients were mostly members of urban middling groups including craftsmen and professionals. Demographically, their high fertility was the result of early, long‐lasting marriages and the employment of wetnurses. In social, economic and demographic terms, these families do not seem strikingly different from the French urban households who were beginning to adopt contraceptive practices during the same era. The chapter also reviews contemporary religious sources that not only forbade contraception, but that endowed marriage and prolific reproduction with positive spiritual value. It concludes with a brief study of the strategies some of the large families used to pass on assets and preserve harmony among their numerous progeny.
Henry Mayr‐Harting
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199210718
- eISBN:
- 9780191705755
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199210718.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter focuses on the 10th-century Cologne copy of Martianus Capella's Marriage of Mercury and Philology (Ms. 193), particularly of interest along the Platonist lines of the unity of creation ...
More
This chapter focuses on the 10th-century Cologne copy of Martianus Capella's Marriage of Mercury and Philology (Ms. 193), particularly of interest along the Platonist lines of the unity of creation and human ethics. Martianus Capella was an African contemporary of Augustine of Hippo, but probably a pagan. His work is in nine books, the last seven of which form a treatise on each of the seven liberal arts (the trivium of grammar, dialectic, and rhetoric; the quadrivium of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music).Less
This chapter focuses on the 10th-century Cologne copy of Martianus Capella's Marriage of Mercury and Philology (Ms. 193), particularly of interest along the Platonist lines of the unity of creation and human ethics. Martianus Capella was an African contemporary of Augustine of Hippo, but probably a pagan. His work is in nine books, the last seven of which form a treatise on each of the seven liberal arts (the trivium of grammar, dialectic, and rhetoric; the quadrivium of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music).
Michael Peppard
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300213997
- eISBN:
- 9780300216516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300213997.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
The eastern and northern walls of the baptistery feature the main artistic program, which is a procession of women. This chapter surveys and challenges the usual identification and interpretation of ...
More
The eastern and northern walls of the baptistery feature the main artistic program, which is a procession of women. This chapter surveys and challenges the usual identification and interpretation of these female figures. While the traditional interpretation of them as the women at the tomb of Christ on Easter morning has arguments to support it, the preponderance of evidence supports our recovering an old counter-proposal, which identifies them as virgins at a wedding. When biblical, artistic, and ritual sources are read with this in mind, the singular importance of marriage motifs in early Syrian Christianity becomes clear. The closest artistic comparanda from Syria render a biblical wedding procession—that of Jesus’ Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins—with the same iconography as the figures on Dura’s walls. In addition, the motif of spiritual marriage at initiation in a “bridal chamber” was very prominent in proximate textual traditions. That being said, ritual texts and homilies from the fourth century begin to show metaphorical interference between imagery of weddings and funerals, and so polysemic interpretations of this procession are certainly warranted. The marriage motif dominates, but does not completely subordinate, the notions of death and resurrection at initiation.Less
The eastern and northern walls of the baptistery feature the main artistic program, which is a procession of women. This chapter surveys and challenges the usual identification and interpretation of these female figures. While the traditional interpretation of them as the women at the tomb of Christ on Easter morning has arguments to support it, the preponderance of evidence supports our recovering an old counter-proposal, which identifies them as virgins at a wedding. When biblical, artistic, and ritual sources are read with this in mind, the singular importance of marriage motifs in early Syrian Christianity becomes clear. The closest artistic comparanda from Syria render a biblical wedding procession—that of Jesus’ Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins—with the same iconography as the figures on Dura’s walls. In addition, the motif of spiritual marriage at initiation in a “bridal chamber” was very prominent in proximate textual traditions. That being said, ritual texts and homilies from the fourth century begin to show metaphorical interference between imagery of weddings and funerals, and so polysemic interpretations of this procession are certainly warranted. The marriage motif dominates, but does not completely subordinate, the notions of death and resurrection at initiation.
Gul Ozyegin
- Published in print:
- 1937
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814762349
- eISBN:
- 9780814762356
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814762349.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
Drawing on the narratives of Boğaziçi women, this chapter explores the changing and at times fraught attitudes towards virginity and romantic relationships among young women in Turkey. By and large, ...
More
Drawing on the narratives of Boğaziçi women, this chapter explores the changing and at times fraught attitudes towards virginity and romantic relationships among young women in Turkey. By and large, these women define their personal and romantic aspirations against the lives of their mothers, rejecting maternal selflessness and forging new ideals of egalitarian relationships with men who reflect and support their personal ambition. Rejecting earlier generations' insistence on virginity before marriage, this generation views the decision to engage in premarital sex as a personal choice and morality as a matter of internalized self-control, not adherence to strict external regulation. Yet as this chapter shows, this transition to "modern sexuality" is not without its tensions, especially for young women from modest class backgrounds and sexually prohibitive households. Engagement in premarital sex or serial dating is often a source of intense guilt for these women, and they go to great lengths conceal their sexual and romantic lives from their parents. Tragically, the shame of this secrecy leads many of these women into submissive relationships where enacting traditional models of female sacrifice allows them to "atone" for failing to be "good daughters."Less
Drawing on the narratives of Boğaziçi women, this chapter explores the changing and at times fraught attitudes towards virginity and romantic relationships among young women in Turkey. By and large, these women define their personal and romantic aspirations against the lives of their mothers, rejecting maternal selflessness and forging new ideals of egalitarian relationships with men who reflect and support their personal ambition. Rejecting earlier generations' insistence on virginity before marriage, this generation views the decision to engage in premarital sex as a personal choice and morality as a matter of internalized self-control, not adherence to strict external regulation. Yet as this chapter shows, this transition to "modern sexuality" is not without its tensions, especially for young women from modest class backgrounds and sexually prohibitive households. Engagement in premarital sex or serial dating is often a source of intense guilt for these women, and they go to great lengths conceal their sexual and romantic lives from their parents. Tragically, the shame of this secrecy leads many of these women into submissive relationships where enacting traditional models of female sacrifice allows them to "atone" for failing to be "good daughters."
Chitra Sinha
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198078944
- eISBN:
- 9780199081479
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198078944.003.0030
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
The process of culmination of the debate in the political sphere tracing the developments relating to the Hindu Code Bill during 1952 to 1956 is dealt with in this chapter of the book. This phase ...
More
The process of culmination of the debate in the political sphere tracing the developments relating to the Hindu Code Bill during 1952 to 1956 is dealt with in this chapter of the book. This phase marks the final passage of the Bill in the form of five enactments spanning over the period 1952 to 1956. The account of the discourse over the Bill presents the tensions and undercurrents of a society in transition and the conflict between tradition and modernity.Less
The process of culmination of the debate in the political sphere tracing the developments relating to the Hindu Code Bill during 1952 to 1956 is dealt with in this chapter of the book. This phase marks the final passage of the Bill in the form of five enactments spanning over the period 1952 to 1956. The account of the discourse over the Bill presents the tensions and undercurrents of a society in transition and the conflict between tradition and modernity.
Kenneth McK Norrie
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781845861193
- eISBN:
- 9781474406246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781845861193.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
Written at a time when the concept of marriage by cohabitation with habit and repute remained part of Scots law, this chapter discusses two of the last cases on the topic. In Ackerman v Logan's ...
More
Written at a time when the concept of marriage by cohabitation with habit and repute remained part of Scots law, this chapter discusses two of the last cases on the topic. In Ackerman v Logan's Executor 2002 SLT 37, the pursuer failed in her attempt to be recognised as the wife of a man she had not gone through any ceremony of marriage with. And in Vosilius v Vosilius 2000 Fam LR 58 the marriage was established.Less
Written at a time when the concept of marriage by cohabitation with habit and repute remained part of Scots law, this chapter discusses two of the last cases on the topic. In Ackerman v Logan's Executor 2002 SLT 37, the pursuer failed in her attempt to be recognised as the wife of a man she had not gone through any ceremony of marriage with. And in Vosilius v Vosilius 2000 Fam LR 58 the marriage was established.
Amiya P. Sen
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195655391
- eISBN:
- 9780199080625
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195655391.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
This work is an intensive study of certain facets of social and intellectual life in Bengal between 1872 and 1905, particularly Hindu revivalism. The period under discussion represents significant ...
More
This work is an intensive study of certain facets of social and intellectual life in Bengal between 1872 and 1905, particularly Hindu revivalism. The period under discussion represents significant progress in the area of social and religious reform as well as a period which witnessed hostile attitudes towards such reforms. This is probably the first major work concerning the controversy that surrounded the Brahmo Marriage Bill of 1868–72 and the Consent Bill of 1890–92. The major source material for this book comprises contemporary Bengali literature, including essays, newspaper articles and correspondence, novels, short stories, drama and poetry. Though this study purports to be a history of intellectual life in Bengal and the broader intellectual trends and movements, it is largely an examination of certain developments centred in or around Calcutta.Less
This work is an intensive study of certain facets of social and intellectual life in Bengal between 1872 and 1905, particularly Hindu revivalism. The period under discussion represents significant progress in the area of social and religious reform as well as a period which witnessed hostile attitudes towards such reforms. This is probably the first major work concerning the controversy that surrounded the Brahmo Marriage Bill of 1868–72 and the Consent Bill of 1890–92. The major source material for this book comprises contemporary Bengali literature, including essays, newspaper articles and correspondence, novels, short stories, drama and poetry. Though this study purports to be a history of intellectual life in Bengal and the broader intellectual trends and movements, it is largely an examination of certain developments centred in or around Calcutta.
Janet Thumim
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198742234
- eISBN:
- 9780191694998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198742234.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter explores in more detail what factual programming on television in the 1950s and 1960s actually looked like, focusing on particular examples: The Wednesday Magazine from the BBC Women’s ...
More
This chapter explores in more detail what factual programming on television in the 1950s and 1960s actually looked like, focusing on particular examples: The Wednesday Magazine from the BBC Women’s Programmes Unit; Panorama from BBC Talks; a six-part series Marriage Today, from BBC Family Programmes Department; and Living for Kicks, an investigative documentary made by Daniel Farson for A-R. In each case, the programme is contextualized to give some idea of its production history and personnel and to consider particularly the ways in which women were represented on screen. Where possible, the discussion notes the reception accorded these programmes when they were first broadcast. This chapter aims to deliver a snapshot of the factual television routinely available in this formative period, and some sense of how it was received.Less
This chapter explores in more detail what factual programming on television in the 1950s and 1960s actually looked like, focusing on particular examples: The Wednesday Magazine from the BBC Women’s Programmes Unit; Panorama from BBC Talks; a six-part series Marriage Today, from BBC Family Programmes Department; and Living for Kicks, an investigative documentary made by Daniel Farson for A-R. In each case, the programme is contextualized to give some idea of its production history and personnel and to consider particularly the ways in which women were represented on screen. Where possible, the discussion notes the reception accorded these programmes when they were first broadcast. This chapter aims to deliver a snapshot of the factual television routinely available in this formative period, and some sense of how it was received.
Kenneth Norrie
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781845861193
- eISBN:
- 9781474406246
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781845861193.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This book is a miscellany of short commentaries on a disparate range of issues relating to (primarily Scottish) family law. It is a collected reprinting of commentaries over the course of almost 12 ...
More
This book is a miscellany of short commentaries on a disparate range of issues relating to (primarily Scottish) family law. It is a collected reprinting of commentaries over the course of almost 12 years in, first, the Scottish Law and Practice Quarterly and, latterly, the Journal of the Law Society of Scotland. The book contains short updates for most of the commentaries. Though each commentary provides a snap-shot of the law at a particular time, their collection into a whole is designed to reveal a subject very much in a state of flux. The 12 years between 1999 and 2011 effected a remarkable change not only in the rules of family law but in our very understanding of what family law was for. This is seen most obviously, but by no means solely, in the law's responses to same-sex families: one commentary from 1999 describes the struggle in Canadian courts to recognise a same-sex couple as equivalent to a cohabiting opposite-sex couple; a later commentary from 2010 presages the advent in Scotland of the opening of marriage to same-sex couples.Less
This book is a miscellany of short commentaries on a disparate range of issues relating to (primarily Scottish) family law. It is a collected reprinting of commentaries over the course of almost 12 years in, first, the Scottish Law and Practice Quarterly and, latterly, the Journal of the Law Society of Scotland. The book contains short updates for most of the commentaries. Though each commentary provides a snap-shot of the law at a particular time, their collection into a whole is designed to reveal a subject very much in a state of flux. The 12 years between 1999 and 2011 effected a remarkable change not only in the rules of family law but in our very understanding of what family law was for. This is seen most obviously, but by no means solely, in the law's responses to same-sex families: one commentary from 1999 describes the struggle in Canadian courts to recognise a same-sex couple as equivalent to a cohabiting opposite-sex couple; a later commentary from 2010 presages the advent in Scotland of the opening of marriage to same-sex couples.
Deborah Gray White
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040900
- eISBN:
- 9780252099403
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040900.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Movements and Social Change
“Lost in the USA: American Identity from the Promise Keepers to the Million Mom March” is a book about Americans’ search for personal tranquility at the turn of the twenty-first century. It argues ...
More
“Lost in the USA: American Identity from the Promise Keepers to the Million Mom March” is a book about Americans’ search for personal tranquility at the turn of the twenty-first century. It argues that beneath the surface of prosperity and peace, ordinary Americans were struggling to adjust and adapt to the forces of postmodernity – immigration, multiculturalism, feminism, globalization, deindustrialization – which were radically changing the way Americans understood themselves and each other. Using the Promise Keepers (1991-2000), the Million Man March (1995), the Million Woman March (1997), the LGBT Marches (1993 and 2000), and the Million Mom March (2000) as a prism through which to analyze the era, “Lost in the USA” reveals the massive shifts occurring in American culture, shows how these shifts troubled many Americans, what they resolved to do about them, and how the forces of postmodernity transformed the identities of some Americans. It reveals that the mass gatherings of the 1990s were therapeutic places where people did not just express their identity but where they sought new identities. It shows that the mass gatherings reveal much about coalition building, interracial worship, parenting, and marriage and family relationships. Because its approach is historical it also addresses the continuing processes of millennialism, modernism and American identity formation.Less
“Lost in the USA: American Identity from the Promise Keepers to the Million Mom March” is a book about Americans’ search for personal tranquility at the turn of the twenty-first century. It argues that beneath the surface of prosperity and peace, ordinary Americans were struggling to adjust and adapt to the forces of postmodernity – immigration, multiculturalism, feminism, globalization, deindustrialization – which were radically changing the way Americans understood themselves and each other. Using the Promise Keepers (1991-2000), the Million Man March (1995), the Million Woman March (1997), the LGBT Marches (1993 and 2000), and the Million Mom March (2000) as a prism through which to analyze the era, “Lost in the USA” reveals the massive shifts occurring in American culture, shows how these shifts troubled many Americans, what they resolved to do about them, and how the forces of postmodernity transformed the identities of some Americans. It reveals that the mass gatherings of the 1990s were therapeutic places where people did not just express their identity but where they sought new identities. It shows that the mass gatherings reveal much about coalition building, interracial worship, parenting, and marriage and family relationships. Because its approach is historical it also addresses the continuing processes of millennialism, modernism and American identity formation.
Flavia Agnes
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198072201
- eISBN:
- 9780199081301
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198072201.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This chapter introduces the material and historical basis of ‘marriage’ as an indissoluble and sacrosanct unit and its gradual progression towards divorce. It also demonstrates the connection between ...
More
This chapter introduces the material and historical basis of ‘marriage’ as an indissoluble and sacrosanct unit and its gradual progression towards divorce. It also demonstrates the connection between economic developments and the changing nature of marriage. The grounds for the annulment include bigamy, force/coercion, fraud/misrepresentation, impotency, insanity/mental disorder, pre-marriage pregnancy and marriage of minors. The basic premise of the breakdown theory is that if a marriage has broken down without any possibility of repair (or irretrievably), it should be dissolved without determining the ‘fault’ of either party. Some examples of economic settlements are discussed. The Special Marriage Act and the Indian Christian Marriage Act were the first enactments which provided for the registration of marriages. The humiliation and violence within marriage has been a major concern for Indian women down the ages. It is shown that traditional personal laws, customary laws as well as statutory law function from a patriarchal base.Less
This chapter introduces the material and historical basis of ‘marriage’ as an indissoluble and sacrosanct unit and its gradual progression towards divorce. It also demonstrates the connection between economic developments and the changing nature of marriage. The grounds for the annulment include bigamy, force/coercion, fraud/misrepresentation, impotency, insanity/mental disorder, pre-marriage pregnancy and marriage of minors. The basic premise of the breakdown theory is that if a marriage has broken down without any possibility of repair (or irretrievably), it should be dissolved without determining the ‘fault’ of either party. Some examples of economic settlements are discussed. The Special Marriage Act and the Indian Christian Marriage Act were the first enactments which provided for the registration of marriages. The humiliation and violence within marriage has been a major concern for Indian women down the ages. It is shown that traditional personal laws, customary laws as well as statutory law function from a patriarchal base.
Ben Cislaghi
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781474419796
- eISBN:
- 9781474445139
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474419796.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
How can we best empower people living in the most economically disadvantaged areas of the world to improve their lives in ways that matter to them? This book investigates work of the NGO Tostan as a ...
More
How can we best empower people living in the most economically disadvantaged areas of the world to improve their lives in ways that matter to them? This book investigates work of the NGO Tostan as a working model of human development. The study is grounded in the ethnographic study of the actual change that happened in one West African village. The result is a powerful mix of theory and practice that questions existing approaches to development and that speaks to both development scholars and practitioners. Divided into three parts, the book firstly assesses why top-down approaches to education and development are unhelpful and offers a theoretical understanding of what constitutes helpful development. Part two examines Tostan's community-based participatory approach as an example of a helpful development intervention, and offers qualitative evidence of its effectiveness. Part three builds a model of how community-led development works, why it is helpful, and what practitioners can do to help people at the grassroots level lead their own human development.Less
How can we best empower people living in the most economically disadvantaged areas of the world to improve their lives in ways that matter to them? This book investigates work of the NGO Tostan as a working model of human development. The study is grounded in the ethnographic study of the actual change that happened in one West African village. The result is a powerful mix of theory and practice that questions existing approaches to development and that speaks to both development scholars and practitioners. Divided into three parts, the book firstly assesses why top-down approaches to education and development are unhelpful and offers a theoretical understanding of what constitutes helpful development. Part two examines Tostan's community-based participatory approach as an example of a helpful development intervention, and offers qualitative evidence of its effectiveness. Part three builds a model of how community-led development works, why it is helpful, and what practitioners can do to help people at the grassroots level lead their own human development.
Owen Chadwick
- Published in print:
- 1983
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198264453
- eISBN:
- 9780191682711
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198264453.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines Hensley Henson's view of divorce. It explains that Henson believed that if divorce were prohibited, adultery and prostitution would flourish exceedingly. It also discusses ...
More
This chapter examines Hensley Henson's view of divorce. It explains that Henson believed that if divorce were prohibited, adultery and prostitution would flourish exceedingly. It also discusses Henson's support for A.P. Herbert's proposed Marriage Bill, which would widen the grounds for divorce to include cruelty, desertion for three years, and incurable insanity. It describes Henson's speech before the Parliament.Less
This chapter examines Hensley Henson's view of divorce. It explains that Henson believed that if divorce were prohibited, adultery and prostitution would flourish exceedingly. It also discusses Henson's support for A.P. Herbert's proposed Marriage Bill, which would widen the grounds for divorce to include cruelty, desertion for three years, and incurable insanity. It describes Henson's speech before the Parliament.
Dana Wessell Lightfoot
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719089466
- eISBN:
- 9781781706633
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089466.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This book examines labouring-status women in late medieval Valencia as they negotiated the fundamentally defining experience of their lives: marriage. Through the use of notarial records and civil ...
More
This book examines labouring-status women in late medieval Valencia as they negotiated the fundamentally defining experience of their lives: marriage. Through the use of notarial records and civil court cases, it argues that the socio-economic and immigrant status of these women greatly enhanced their ability to exercise agency not only in choosing a spouse and gathering dotal assets, but also in controlling this property after they wed. Although the prevailing legal code in Valencia appeared to give wives little authority over these assets, court records demonstrate they were still able to negotiate a measure of control. In these actions, labouring-status wives exercised agency by protecting their marital goods from harm, using legal statutes to their own advantage. The key factors in this argument are the immigrant and labouring-status background of these women. Many women immigrated to Valencia on their own from smaller towns and villages. In doing so, these women moved outside of their natal families’ sphere of influence, making them less embedded and subject to the authority of their kin relations. Labouring-status women worked themselves, most often as servants, to generate the necessary funds for their dowries. These factors gave wives of this status greater agency than elite women in contracting their marriages, providing dotal assets and challenging their husbands’ authority over this property in dowry restitution cases. Without the influence of their natal families in making marital decisions, these wives were able to act independently in controlling their marital property, negotiating the structures of patriarchy to their advantage.Less
This book examines labouring-status women in late medieval Valencia as they negotiated the fundamentally defining experience of their lives: marriage. Through the use of notarial records and civil court cases, it argues that the socio-economic and immigrant status of these women greatly enhanced their ability to exercise agency not only in choosing a spouse and gathering dotal assets, but also in controlling this property after they wed. Although the prevailing legal code in Valencia appeared to give wives little authority over these assets, court records demonstrate they were still able to negotiate a measure of control. In these actions, labouring-status wives exercised agency by protecting their marital goods from harm, using legal statutes to their own advantage. The key factors in this argument are the immigrant and labouring-status background of these women. Many women immigrated to Valencia on their own from smaller towns and villages. In doing so, these women moved outside of their natal families’ sphere of influence, making them less embedded and subject to the authority of their kin relations. Labouring-status women worked themselves, most often as servants, to generate the necessary funds for their dowries. These factors gave wives of this status greater agency than elite women in contracting their marriages, providing dotal assets and challenging their husbands’ authority over this property in dowry restitution cases. Without the influence of their natal families in making marital decisions, these wives were able to act independently in controlling their marital property, negotiating the structures of patriarchy to their advantage.
Sara Rzeszutek Haviland
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813166254
- eISBN:
- 9780813166735
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813166254.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This collective biography of James and Esther Cooper Jackson argues that, in the face of major political transformations, activists responded to new political contexts and drew on their own personal ...
More
This collective biography of James and Esther Cooper Jackson argues that, in the face of major political transformations, activists responded to new political contexts and drew on their own personal needs, demands, and relationships to craft their contributions to the black freedom movement. A black Communist couple, Esther and Jack navigated through difficult circumstances, including the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War, and continued to influence the trajectory of black freedom in the twentieth-century United States. But their approaches changed as politics shifted, as their family grew, and as their relationship evolved. By following one couple over the course of a sixty-five-year, gender-egalitarian marriage, this work offers a new look at the history of social movements as it illustrates how individuals and families responded to change and revised their ideas about participation in movements as they matured. As activists during the Popular Front, McCarthy, civil rights, and post–civil rights years, Esther and Jack held on to their core ideals while adapting to the dominant trends. Their lives also illuminate the relationship between mainstream civil rights organizations and the Left by illustrating that the political spectrum in the black freedom movement was consistently more fluid, complex, and informed by earlier activist trends than the traditional narrative suggests.Less
This collective biography of James and Esther Cooper Jackson argues that, in the face of major political transformations, activists responded to new political contexts and drew on their own personal needs, demands, and relationships to craft their contributions to the black freedom movement. A black Communist couple, Esther and Jack navigated through difficult circumstances, including the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War, and continued to influence the trajectory of black freedom in the twentieth-century United States. But their approaches changed as politics shifted, as their family grew, and as their relationship evolved. By following one couple over the course of a sixty-five-year, gender-egalitarian marriage, this work offers a new look at the history of social movements as it illustrates how individuals and families responded to change and revised their ideas about participation in movements as they matured. As activists during the Popular Front, McCarthy, civil rights, and post–civil rights years, Esther and Jack held on to their core ideals while adapting to the dominant trends. Their lives also illuminate the relationship between mainstream civil rights organizations and the Left by illustrating that the political spectrum in the black freedom movement was consistently more fluid, complex, and informed by earlier activist trends than the traditional narrative suggests.
Lyndal Roper
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202806
- eISBN:
- 9780191675522
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202806.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter explores the situation of marital dispute during the Reformation. Marriage was newly reformed, but it remained to behave in a disorderly way. This dissonance was attributed to the ...
More
This chapter explores the situation of marital dispute during the Reformation. Marriage was newly reformed, but it remained to behave in a disorderly way. This dissonance was attributed to the Council's policy on marriage. The Council's marriage policy caused confusion and it was originated from the different and incompatible traditions it drew. In 1537, the Augsburg Council tried to reorganize the control of marriage in the wake of its take-over of jurisdiction from the church courts. Moreover, Augsburg instituted a Marriage Court and permitted divorce in certain circumstances. However, control on marriage was not so easily accomplished in the case of marriage disputes and the policy of the Council on marriage faltered between three different perceptions of marriage: the religious heritage; the guild-influenced views of marriage; and its own pragmatic tradition of settling marital and property disputes. These contradictions affected the political dilemmas in Augsburg during 1530s and 1540s.Less
This chapter explores the situation of marital dispute during the Reformation. Marriage was newly reformed, but it remained to behave in a disorderly way. This dissonance was attributed to the Council's policy on marriage. The Council's marriage policy caused confusion and it was originated from the different and incompatible traditions it drew. In 1537, the Augsburg Council tried to reorganize the control of marriage in the wake of its take-over of jurisdiction from the church courts. Moreover, Augsburg instituted a Marriage Court and permitted divorce in certain circumstances. However, control on marriage was not so easily accomplished in the case of marriage disputes and the policy of the Council on marriage faltered between three different perceptions of marriage: the religious heritage; the guild-influenced views of marriage; and its own pragmatic tradition of settling marital and property disputes. These contradictions affected the political dilemmas in Augsburg during 1530s and 1540s.
