Zoya Hasan
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780195685978
- eISBN:
- 9780199082216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195685978.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter examines the domestic politics of the Indo-US nuclear deal in the context of the debate over the shifts in the politics of the Congress. It explains that this deal approved by the ...
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This chapter examines the domestic politics of the Indo-US nuclear deal in the context of the debate over the shifts in the politics of the Congress. It explains that this deal approved by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in October 2008 marked a turning point in India's foreign policy and Indo-US relations. It discusses Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's doctrine of economic and foreign policy convergence with the US and the conflict between the Congress and the Left over the nuclear deal issue.Less
This chapter examines the domestic politics of the Indo-US nuclear deal in the context of the debate over the shifts in the politics of the Congress. It explains that this deal approved by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in October 2008 marked a turning point in India's foreign policy and Indo-US relations. It discusses Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's doctrine of economic and foreign policy convergence with the US and the conflict between the Congress and the Left over the nuclear deal issue.
Zoya Hasan
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780195685978
- eISBN:
- 9780199082216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195685978.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter focuses on the Congress-led coalition government's implementation of division of powers between the prime minister and party president in 2004. The relationship between the government ...
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This chapter focuses on the Congress-led coalition government's implementation of division of powers between the prime minister and party president in 2004. The relationship between the government and party underwent a major redefinition with the UPA government in 2004. Manmohan Singh served as the prime minister while Sonia Gandhi was the party president. During the UPA rule, power rested with the party president, but the lack of progress in party building and democratization was palpable despite the party’s new importance and the much better equation between the party and government. The chapter also argues that one of the most significant changes for the Congress during this period was not having a Nehru or Gandhi as prime minister.Less
This chapter focuses on the Congress-led coalition government's implementation of division of powers between the prime minister and party president in 2004. The relationship between the government and party underwent a major redefinition with the UPA government in 2004. Manmohan Singh served as the prime minister while Sonia Gandhi was the party president. During the UPA rule, power rested with the party president, but the lack of progress in party building and democratization was palpable despite the party’s new importance and the much better equation between the party and government. The chapter also argues that one of the most significant changes for the Congress during this period was not having a Nehru or Gandhi as prime minister.
Rudra Chaudhuri
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199354863
- eISBN:
- 9780199388271
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199354863.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This chapter provides the first complete account of negotiations between Indian and American policy actors in finally agreeing to a historic, unprecedented, and game-changing initiative: the so ...
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This chapter provides the first complete account of negotiations between Indian and American policy actors in finally agreeing to a historic, unprecedented, and game-changing initiative: the so called US-India nuclear agreement. It looks carefully at every part of the negotiations between 2005 and 2008. The chapter begins with a broad introduction to India’s approach to nuclear weapons and international regimes (like the NPT) regulating proliferation. Rather than a purely technical reappraisal of the ‘deal’, it addresses the strategic, political and technical conditions that led to protagonists in both India (led by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh) and the US to finally conclude the agreement. Indeed, the chapter revisits the question of tension between ideas and interests and argues why non-alignment is not at all obsolete in understanding Indian motivations and practices of diplomacy in the current milieu. Instead, this chapter shows how and why non-alignment served to guide Indian interlocutors in their charge to engage the US like never before. In turn pushing policy elites like Condoleezza Rice to better appreciate that while India may not have had any aces in a game of nuclear cards, it hardly meant that its representatives would allow themselves to disadvantage themselves in the hard task of international negotiations.Less
This chapter provides the first complete account of negotiations between Indian and American policy actors in finally agreeing to a historic, unprecedented, and game-changing initiative: the so called US-India nuclear agreement. It looks carefully at every part of the negotiations between 2005 and 2008. The chapter begins with a broad introduction to India’s approach to nuclear weapons and international regimes (like the NPT) regulating proliferation. Rather than a purely technical reappraisal of the ‘deal’, it addresses the strategic, political and technical conditions that led to protagonists in both India (led by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh) and the US to finally conclude the agreement. Indeed, the chapter revisits the question of tension between ideas and interests and argues why non-alignment is not at all obsolete in understanding Indian motivations and practices of diplomacy in the current milieu. Instead, this chapter shows how and why non-alignment served to guide Indian interlocutors in their charge to engage the US like never before. In turn pushing policy elites like Condoleezza Rice to better appreciate that while India may not have had any aces in a game of nuclear cards, it hardly meant that its representatives would allow themselves to disadvantage themselves in the hard task of international negotiations.
Harsh V. Pant
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198073963
- eISBN:
- 9780199080809
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198073963.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
In addition to factors at the structural and domestic political level, several personalities played key roles in the negotiations that made the nuclear pact between India and the United States a ...
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In addition to factors at the structural and domestic political level, several personalities played key roles in the negotiations that made the nuclear pact between India and the United States a reality. US President George W. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh led the way. Bush had the support of Condoleezza Rice, his Secretary of State; R. Nicholas Burns, Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs and Bush's foreign policy advisor in the 2000 presidential campaign; and former US Ambassador to India, Robert D. Blackwill, and his advisor, Ashley J. Tellis. On India's part, important figures included Sonia Gandhi, head of India's ruling Congress party; former External Affairs Minister, Pranab Mukherjee; former National Security Advisor, M.K. Narayanan; and the Prime Minister's Special Envoy, Shyam Saran.Less
In addition to factors at the structural and domestic political level, several personalities played key roles in the negotiations that made the nuclear pact between India and the United States a reality. US President George W. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh led the way. Bush had the support of Condoleezza Rice, his Secretary of State; R. Nicholas Burns, Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs and Bush's foreign policy advisor in the 2000 presidential campaign; and former US Ambassador to India, Robert D. Blackwill, and his advisor, Ashley J. Tellis. On India's part, important figures included Sonia Gandhi, head of India's ruling Congress party; former External Affairs Minister, Pranab Mukherjee; former National Security Advisor, M.K. Narayanan; and the Prime Minister's Special Envoy, Shyam Saran.
Suresh D. Tendulkar and T.A. Bhavani
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198085584
- eISBN:
- 9780199082087
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198085584.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter presents a discussion of the fiscal and external payments crises of the 1980s that provided the context for the post-1991 reforms, and other contingent factors that contributed to the ...
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This chapter presents a discussion of the fiscal and external payments crises of the 1980s that provided the context for the post-1991 reforms, and other contingent factors that contributed to the timing of the reforms. It shows that there was a rising trend of current revenue expenditure and a downward trend in capital expenditure since the mid-1980s, despite a slower but rising trend in both revenue and (total debt and non-debt) capital receipts. The external payments crisis that erupted in India towards the end of the 1980s is elaborated. It suggests that two international and two domestic contingent events contributed to the timing of reforms in 1991. The external payments crisis was turned into an opportunity. The opposition parties were strident in their criticism of reforms, but did not allow the minority government supported from outside to fall while passing the three successive budgets of Manmohan Singh.Less
This chapter presents a discussion of the fiscal and external payments crises of the 1980s that provided the context for the post-1991 reforms, and other contingent factors that contributed to the timing of the reforms. It shows that there was a rising trend of current revenue expenditure and a downward trend in capital expenditure since the mid-1980s, despite a slower but rising trend in both revenue and (total debt and non-debt) capital receipts. The external payments crisis that erupted in India towards the end of the 1980s is elaborated. It suggests that two international and two domestic contingent events contributed to the timing of reforms in 1991. The external payments crisis was turned into an opportunity. The opposition parties were strident in their criticism of reforms, but did not allow the minority government supported from outside to fall while passing the three successive budgets of Manmohan Singh.
Zoya Hasan
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780195685978
- eISBN:
- 9780199082216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195685978.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter looks at the how the Congress-led coalition government dealt with the minorities, particularly Muslims. It discusses the pogrom in Gujarat in early 2002 and the history of minority ...
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This chapter looks at the how the Congress-led coalition government dealt with the minorities, particularly Muslims. It discusses the pogrom in Gujarat in early 2002 and the history of minority discourse in India and highlights the development deficit compounded by the inadequate participation of minorities in the governance structures. This chapter also mentions Manmohan Singh's decision to set up Sachar Committee. Manmohan Singh demonstrated boldness in setting up this Committee which was an important intervention in the policy discourse and the established paradigm. The Muslims felt that the government was listening to them. Despite the Congress’ concern for concern for minority development, it lacked the political will to translate this recognition into substantive intervention.Less
This chapter looks at the how the Congress-led coalition government dealt with the minorities, particularly Muslims. It discusses the pogrom in Gujarat in early 2002 and the history of minority discourse in India and highlights the development deficit compounded by the inadequate participation of minorities in the governance structures. This chapter also mentions Manmohan Singh's decision to set up Sachar Committee. Manmohan Singh demonstrated boldness in setting up this Committee which was an important intervention in the policy discourse and the established paradigm. The Muslims felt that the government was listening to them. Despite the Congress’ concern for concern for minority development, it lacked the political will to translate this recognition into substantive intervention.
Deep K. Datta-Ray
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190206673
- eISBN:
- 9780190492144
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190206673.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
The practices and practitioners constituting Indian diplomacy during Manmohan Singh’s prime ministership are revealed in modern terms, but they alone cannot suffice as an explanation since diplomats ...
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The practices and practitioners constituting Indian diplomacy during Manmohan Singh’s prime ministership are revealed in modern terms, but they alone cannot suffice as an explanation since diplomats borrow modern concepts in order to maintain tradition. Tradition and not modern nationalism, motivates diplomats. To research sympathetically, that is avoid viewing everyday practice as the consistent failure to modernize, one must reject the precepts of modernity, thereby neutralising its causality: overcoming anarchy by imposing unity. This chapter replaces modernity with a neutral and inextricably interconnected cosmological heuristic whose comprehensive accounting converts it into an alternate rationality. It resonates in diplomats’ overriding concern for “status”, which by definition is relational and hence refutes modernity’s premises. Indian practices are therefore not limited to modernity’s assimilative violence, Homi Bhabha’s mimicry, or orchestrated into a modernist juggernaut whereby the Protestant Work Ethic’s ordering of all labor to glorify God is transferred to realising modernity. As for modern reflexivity, it is presaged by another that allows the bureaucracy to organise itself and its diplomacy cosmologically. The cosmological heuristic maintains causality but not as modernity’s linear history and in doing so legitimizes Indian diplomats and their practices, which progress not only linearly but enigmatically, also by retreating, and frequently by deleting origins altogether.Less
The practices and practitioners constituting Indian diplomacy during Manmohan Singh’s prime ministership are revealed in modern terms, but they alone cannot suffice as an explanation since diplomats borrow modern concepts in order to maintain tradition. Tradition and not modern nationalism, motivates diplomats. To research sympathetically, that is avoid viewing everyday practice as the consistent failure to modernize, one must reject the precepts of modernity, thereby neutralising its causality: overcoming anarchy by imposing unity. This chapter replaces modernity with a neutral and inextricably interconnected cosmological heuristic whose comprehensive accounting converts it into an alternate rationality. It resonates in diplomats’ overriding concern for “status”, which by definition is relational and hence refutes modernity’s premises. Indian practices are therefore not limited to modernity’s assimilative violence, Homi Bhabha’s mimicry, or orchestrated into a modernist juggernaut whereby the Protestant Work Ethic’s ordering of all labor to glorify God is transferred to realising modernity. As for modern reflexivity, it is presaged by another that allows the bureaucracy to organise itself and its diplomacy cosmologically. The cosmological heuristic maintains causality but not as modernity’s linear history and in doing so legitimizes Indian diplomats and their practices, which progress not only linearly but enigmatically, also by retreating, and frequently by deleting origins altogether.
T. N. Srinivasan (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195652826
- eISBN:
- 9780199080649
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195652826.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This volume is based on the lectures on the state of economic reforms in India delivered by the author at the Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) in Bangalore in July 1998. Each of the ...
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This volume is based on the lectures on the state of economic reforms in India delivered by the author at the Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) in Bangalore in July 1998. Each of the lectures addresses reforms in different sectors of the economy including transportation, education, health care, infrastructure, agriculture, poverty alleviation, industrial sector, finance, and international trade. The lectures describe the reforms in a historical context to provide a better understanding of their pre-independence origins. The book attempts to explain the reasons behind the failure of various reforms including those launched during the pre-independence period and those initiated by Prime Minister Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Manmohan Singh in 1991. It also provides recommended reforms for different industries.Less
This volume is based on the lectures on the state of economic reforms in India delivered by the author at the Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) in Bangalore in July 1998. Each of the lectures addresses reforms in different sectors of the economy including transportation, education, health care, infrastructure, agriculture, poverty alleviation, industrial sector, finance, and international trade. The lectures describe the reforms in a historical context to provide a better understanding of their pre-independence origins. The book attempts to explain the reasons behind the failure of various reforms including those launched during the pre-independence period and those initiated by Prime Minister Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Manmohan Singh in 1991. It also provides recommended reforms for different industries.
Ian Hall
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781529204605
- eISBN:
- 9781529204650
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529204605.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter outlines, by way of background, the evolution of Indian foreign and security policy after the country became independent in 1947. It discusses Jawaharlal Nehru’s dominance in the first ...
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This chapter outlines, by way of background, the evolution of Indian foreign and security policy after the country became independent in 1947. It discusses Jawaharlal Nehru’s dominance in the first phase and the generation of a Nehruvian tradition of thought about India’s international relations. It then explores the shift to a more realist approach under Nehru’s daughter, Indira Gandhi, and the post-Cold War transformation of foreign policy, prompted by a looming crisis in India’s economic and diplomatic circumstances. It traces the emergence of a more confident policy of ‘multialignment’ during the 2000s, as India’s economy grew and its regional importance developed with it. In the conclusion, it outlines Modi’s approach, comparing and contrasting it to those pursued by his immediate predecessors, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh.Less
This chapter outlines, by way of background, the evolution of Indian foreign and security policy after the country became independent in 1947. It discusses Jawaharlal Nehru’s dominance in the first phase and the generation of a Nehruvian tradition of thought about India’s international relations. It then explores the shift to a more realist approach under Nehru’s daughter, Indira Gandhi, and the post-Cold War transformation of foreign policy, prompted by a looming crisis in India’s economic and diplomatic circumstances. It traces the emergence of a more confident policy of ‘multialignment’ during the 2000s, as India’s economy grew and its regional importance developed with it. In the conclusion, it outlines Modi’s approach, comparing and contrasting it to those pursued by his immediate predecessors, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh.
Jairam Ramesh
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199457526
- eISBN:
- 9780199085255
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199457526.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
The debate on whether to privilege economic growth over ecological security is passé. Environmental considerations must be at the heart of economic growth, especially for a country of 1.25 billion ...
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The debate on whether to privilege economic growth over ecological security is passé. Environmental considerations must be at the heart of economic growth, especially for a country of 1.25 billion people destined to add another 400 million by the middle of the century. This book chronicles the ‘1991 moment’ in India’s environmental decision-making, telling the story of how, for the first time, the doors of the environment ministry were opened to voices, hitherto unheard, into the policy-making process. It details efforts to change the way environment is viewed both by proponents of environmental security and those who prize economic growth at all costs. Told from the perspective of a pivotal decision-maker, the book addresses the challenges involved in trying to ensure economic growth with ecological security. It takes us through India’s coming of age in the global environmental and climate change community to take on a leadership role that is progressive, proactive, and steeped in national interest. Using speaking orders on high-profile projects, notes and letters to the Prime Minister, ministerial colleagues, chief ministers and others, the author gives an insight into the debates, struggles, challenges, and obstacles to bringing environmental considerations into the mainstream of political and economic decision-making. This collection reveals the story of the author’s attempt at the highest levels of governance to introduce effective decision-making, a transparent and accountable administration, and to make environmental concerns an essential component of a nation’s quest to accelerate economic growth and end the scourge of poverty and deprivation.Less
The debate on whether to privilege economic growth over ecological security is passé. Environmental considerations must be at the heart of economic growth, especially for a country of 1.25 billion people destined to add another 400 million by the middle of the century. This book chronicles the ‘1991 moment’ in India’s environmental decision-making, telling the story of how, for the first time, the doors of the environment ministry were opened to voices, hitherto unheard, into the policy-making process. It details efforts to change the way environment is viewed both by proponents of environmental security and those who prize economic growth at all costs. Told from the perspective of a pivotal decision-maker, the book addresses the challenges involved in trying to ensure economic growth with ecological security. It takes us through India’s coming of age in the global environmental and climate change community to take on a leadership role that is progressive, proactive, and steeped in national interest. Using speaking orders on high-profile projects, notes and letters to the Prime Minister, ministerial colleagues, chief ministers and others, the author gives an insight into the debates, struggles, challenges, and obstacles to bringing environmental considerations into the mainstream of political and economic decision-making. This collection reveals the story of the author’s attempt at the highest levels of governance to introduce effective decision-making, a transparent and accountable administration, and to make environmental concerns an essential component of a nation’s quest to accelerate economic growth and end the scourge of poverty and deprivation.
Anit Mukherjee
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190905903
- eISBN:
- 9780190069223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190905903.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter discusses contemporary civil–military relations in India, engaging with, and occasionally refuting, a number of narratives. It begins with an overview of four main controversies—the ...
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This chapter discusses contemporary civil–military relations in India, engaging with, and occasionally refuting, a number of narratives. It begins with an overview of four main controversies—the dispute about withdrawal of troops from the Siachen glacier, the contrasting views over the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), the tenure of General V. K. Singh (chief of army staff from 2010 to 2012), and issues arising from pay commission reports and the equivalence between civilians and the military. These issues highlight the overall theme of this book—that there is considerable distrust and tension between civilians and the military. Next, it briefly discusses civil–military relations under the Modi government. Thereafter, it examines the issue of defense reforms, considered by many as a panacea to overcoming these difficulties. This is followed by an analysis of the divergence in the positions typically taken across all three levels—political, bureaucratic, and the military leaders.Less
This chapter discusses contemporary civil–military relations in India, engaging with, and occasionally refuting, a number of narratives. It begins with an overview of four main controversies—the dispute about withdrawal of troops from the Siachen glacier, the contrasting views over the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), the tenure of General V. K. Singh (chief of army staff from 2010 to 2012), and issues arising from pay commission reports and the equivalence between civilians and the military. These issues highlight the overall theme of this book—that there is considerable distrust and tension between civilians and the military. Next, it briefly discusses civil–military relations under the Modi government. Thereafter, it examines the issue of defense reforms, considered by many as a panacea to overcoming these difficulties. This is followed by an analysis of the divergence in the positions typically taken across all three levels—political, bureaucratic, and the military leaders.
Christopher Clary
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- June 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780197638408
- eISBN:
- 9780197638446
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197638408.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Following Pakistan’s defeat in the 1999 Kargil War, the region found itself in repeated, serious crises in 2001–2002, 2008, 2016, and 2019. Yet amid this troubling environment was one of the more ...
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Following Pakistan’s defeat in the 1999 Kargil War, the region found itself in repeated, serious crises in 2001–2002, 2008, 2016, and 2019. Yet amid this troubling environment was one of the more sustained conciliatory initiatives in India and Pakistan’s shared history. The 2003–2007 peace process involved concrete steps (most importantly the 2003 Line of Control ceasefire), overt statements, formal government-to-government talks, as well as informal and discreet backchannel dialogues. Both governments came close to resolving long-term irritants, such as the Siachen Glacier and Sir Creek boundary disputes, even as they reduced violence in Kashmir for over a decade. Manmohan Singh’s partial control of the Indian government and the unexpected collapse of Pervez Musharraf’s dictatorship prevented completion or ratification of any of the near-deals discussed during the dialogue process.Less
Following Pakistan’s defeat in the 1999 Kargil War, the region found itself in repeated, serious crises in 2001–2002, 2008, 2016, and 2019. Yet amid this troubling environment was one of the more sustained conciliatory initiatives in India and Pakistan’s shared history. The 2003–2007 peace process involved concrete steps (most importantly the 2003 Line of Control ceasefire), overt statements, formal government-to-government talks, as well as informal and discreet backchannel dialogues. Both governments came close to resolving long-term irritants, such as the Siachen Glacier and Sir Creek boundary disputes, even as they reduced violence in Kashmir for over a decade. Manmohan Singh’s partial control of the Indian government and the unexpected collapse of Pervez Musharraf’s dictatorship prevented completion or ratification of any of the near-deals discussed during the dialogue process.
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199474943
- eISBN:
- 9780199090891
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199474943.003.0015
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter describes the far reaching changes as a result of which the Indian education system ceased to be almost exclusively public funded and closed system, how these far reaching changes were ...
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This chapter describes the far reaching changes as a result of which the Indian education system ceased to be almost exclusively public funded and closed system, how these far reaching changes were not steered by any policy of the Government, and how the policy has to catch up to do. It describes how the early initiatives of the Manmohan Government aroused great hopes that higher education was poised for remarkable transformation, and how these hopes were dashed as the Prime Minister was only a minor centre of power and could not prevail upon Arjun Singh to accept the ambitious reform agenda drawn up by the National Knowledge Commission (NKC) he set up. It also describes the special focus on skill development and the new initiatives launched during the Eleventh Five Year Plan such as the expansion of Central Universities, IITs, IIMs and NITs, and the launch of Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA). It compares and contrasts the philosophical underpinnings and recommendations of the NKC and Yash Pal Committee on the rejuvenation of Higher Education, and critques the recommendations of that Committee’s idea of university, and its proposal to constitute a National Commission on Higher Education and Research as an imperium imperio.Less
This chapter describes the far reaching changes as a result of which the Indian education system ceased to be almost exclusively public funded and closed system, how these far reaching changes were not steered by any policy of the Government, and how the policy has to catch up to do. It describes how the early initiatives of the Manmohan Government aroused great hopes that higher education was poised for remarkable transformation, and how these hopes were dashed as the Prime Minister was only a minor centre of power and could not prevail upon Arjun Singh to accept the ambitious reform agenda drawn up by the National Knowledge Commission (NKC) he set up. It also describes the special focus on skill development and the new initiatives launched during the Eleventh Five Year Plan such as the expansion of Central Universities, IITs, IIMs and NITs, and the launch of Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA). It compares and contrasts the philosophical underpinnings and recommendations of the NKC and Yash Pal Committee on the rejuvenation of Higher Education, and critques the recommendations of that Committee’s idea of university, and its proposal to constitute a National Commission on Higher Education and Research as an imperium imperio.
Pradeep Chhibber and Harsh Shah
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190125837
- eISBN:
- 9780190991456
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190125837.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
Jyotiraditya Scindia, recently of the BJP, is a member of the Indian parliament’s upper house. He is the scion of Gwalior’s royal family and joined active politics with Congress party upon the ...
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Jyotiraditya Scindia, recently of the BJP, is a member of the Indian parliament’s upper house. He is the scion of Gwalior’s royal family and joined active politics with Congress party upon the untimely death of his father, a Congress politician. He has held various portfolios as a minister in the cabinets of Manmohan Singh and was widely regarded as one of the senior-most leaders of the Congress Party. Facing limits to his politics in the Congress Party politics of Madhya Pradesh, Scindia switched to the BJP in 2020.Less
Jyotiraditya Scindia, recently of the BJP, is a member of the Indian parliament’s upper house. He is the scion of Gwalior’s royal family and joined active politics with Congress party upon the untimely death of his father, a Congress politician. He has held various portfolios as a minister in the cabinets of Manmohan Singh and was widely regarded as one of the senior-most leaders of the Congress Party. Facing limits to his politics in the Congress Party politics of Madhya Pradesh, Scindia switched to the BJP in 2020.
Jairam Ramesh
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199457526
- eISBN:
- 9780199085255
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199457526.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
A three-point brief from the Prime Minister to ensure transparency and accountability in the ministry’s working; balancing high growth with environmental protection. This chapter gives an overview of ...
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A three-point brief from the Prime Minister to ensure transparency and accountability in the ministry’s working; balancing high growth with environmental protection. This chapter gives an overview of how the brief was translated into policy and the obstacles that arose therein. Transparency and accountability were brought in through speaking orders, public consultations and letters. It delineates the attempt to forge a compromise between the needs of growth and ecological security and the tension within the government on the critical issue of coal mining and preservation of forests. It is a bird’s eye view of efforts to make environment count in governance and economic decision making—to reclaim executive space, the creation of the National Green Tribunal, the greening of the Gross Domestic Product, reviving the scientific basis of the ministry. It also narrates the effort to give India an image makeover in the international community through proactive engagement in negotiations on climate change and environment.Less
A three-point brief from the Prime Minister to ensure transparency and accountability in the ministry’s working; balancing high growth with environmental protection. This chapter gives an overview of how the brief was translated into policy and the obstacles that arose therein. Transparency and accountability were brought in through speaking orders, public consultations and letters. It delineates the attempt to forge a compromise between the needs of growth and ecological security and the tension within the government on the critical issue of coal mining and preservation of forests. It is a bird’s eye view of efforts to make environment count in governance and economic decision making—to reclaim executive space, the creation of the National Green Tribunal, the greening of the Gross Domestic Product, reviving the scientific basis of the ministry. It also narrates the effort to give India an image makeover in the international community through proactive engagement in negotiations on climate change and environment.
T.N. Srinivasan
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195652826
- eISBN:
- 9780199080649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195652826.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter focuses on educational and health care reforms in India. It explains that while the education and health sectors have always been accorded very high priority in India, none of the plans ...
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This chapter focuses on educational and health care reforms in India. It explains that while the education and health sectors have always been accorded very high priority in India, none of the plans and targets were achieved. Even the reforms initiated by Finance Minister Manmohan Singh in 1991 failed because of politically difficult decisions. This chapter describes the specific problems of education in India and argues that there is no doubt that since independence the government has not allocated adequate resources to education and health. Even the limited resources that were allocated were not efficiently and equitably spent. Reforms to remedy this double-failure are urgently needed.Less
This chapter focuses on educational and health care reforms in India. It explains that while the education and health sectors have always been accorded very high priority in India, none of the plans and targets were achieved. Even the reforms initiated by Finance Minister Manmohan Singh in 1991 failed because of politically difficult decisions. This chapter describes the specific problems of education in India and argues that there is no doubt that since independence the government has not allocated adequate resources to education and health. Even the limited resources that were allocated were not efficiently and equitably spent. Reforms to remedy this double-failure are urgently needed.
Manjari Chatterjee Miller
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804786522
- eISBN:
- 9780804788434
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804786522.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The book concludes by showing how statements from leaders in India and China today still reek of victimization. Rather then emphasizing the fact that India and China were the victors in colonialism, ...
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The book concludes by showing how statements from leaders in India and China today still reek of victimization. Rather then emphasizing the fact that India and China were the victors in colonialism, they continue to emphasize the wrongs done to them. It shows how this book has offered a new way to think about both international relations theory and India, and China. It then offers new pathways for research.Less
The book concludes by showing how statements from leaders in India and China today still reek of victimization. Rather then emphasizing the fact that India and China were the victors in colonialism, they continue to emphasize the wrongs done to them. It shows how this book has offered a new way to think about both international relations theory and India, and China. It then offers new pathways for research.