Robert J Miller, Jacinta Ruru, Larissa Behrendt, and Tracey Lindberg
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199579815
- eISBN:
- 9780191594465
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199579815.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration, Public International Law
This chapter shows how throughout American history that the United States government, state governments, and U.S. citizens relied on Discovery principles to claim and acquire the lands and rights of ...
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This chapter shows how throughout American history that the United States government, state governments, and U.S. citizens relied on Discovery principles to claim and acquire the lands and rights of the native governments and peoples who owned the lands that now comprise the United States.Less
This chapter shows how throughout American history that the United States government, state governments, and U.S. citizens relied on Discovery principles to claim and acquire the lands and rights of the native governments and peoples who owned the lands that now comprise the United States.
Daisy L. Machado
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195152234
- eISBN:
- 9780199834426
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195152239.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis became a significant force in shaping the national identity of the U.S. The ideologies incorporated into Turner's frontier thesis were not only meant to ...
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Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis became a significant force in shaping the national identity of the U.S. The ideologies incorporated into Turner's frontier thesis were not only meant to provide a historical interpretation of how the U.S. came into being but also satisfied the national need for a “usable past.” This frontier thesis was able to transmit a series of symbols that became imbedded in the nation's self‐perception and self‐understanding: Virgin land, wilderness, land and democracy, Manifest Destiny, chosen race. Race must be understood as an important piece of this developing national identity because the idea of “purity” of race was used as a rationalization to colonize, exclude, devalue, and even exterminate the native borderlands people.Less
Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis became a significant force in shaping the national identity of the U.S. The ideologies incorporated into Turner's frontier thesis were not only meant to provide a historical interpretation of how the U.S. came into being but also satisfied the national need for a “usable past.” This frontier thesis was able to transmit a series of symbols that became imbedded in the nation's self‐perception and self‐understanding: Virgin land, wilderness, land and democracy, Manifest Destiny, chosen race. Race must be understood as an important piece of this developing national identity because the idea of “purity” of race was used as a rationalization to colonize, exclude, devalue, and even exterminate the native borderlands people.
JOHN M. BELOHLAVEK
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813044262
- eISBN:
- 9780813046242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813044262.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter discusses the efforts of James Buchanan to meet the challenge of rising sectional tensions by diverting the nation’s focus to foreign affairs. He planned to rejuvenate Manifest ...
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This chapter discusses the efforts of James Buchanan to meet the challenge of rising sectional tensions by diverting the nation’s focus to foreign affairs. He planned to rejuvenate Manifest Destiny-advancing the traditional Democratic vision of America-by expanding the commercial and physical boundaries of the country, and to save the Union and perhaps his presidency. Buchanan aggressively sought additional land and commercial opportunity for U.S. farmers through the annexation of Cuba, Alaska, and northern Mexico. Merchants and shippers would benefit from new trade opportunities in Central America and the Orient. Buchanan cited the Monroe Doctrine and defended the national honor, challenging Great Britain in remote places throughout the Western Hemisphere. He promoted these causes with some success, but his strategy failed to trump the unrelenting demand to resolve the issue of the expansion of slavery into the federal territories.Less
This chapter discusses the efforts of James Buchanan to meet the challenge of rising sectional tensions by diverting the nation’s focus to foreign affairs. He planned to rejuvenate Manifest Destiny-advancing the traditional Democratic vision of America-by expanding the commercial and physical boundaries of the country, and to save the Union and perhaps his presidency. Buchanan aggressively sought additional land and commercial opportunity for U.S. farmers through the annexation of Cuba, Alaska, and northern Mexico. Merchants and shippers would benefit from new trade opportunities in Central America and the Orient. Buchanan cited the Monroe Doctrine and defended the national honor, challenging Great Britain in remote places throughout the Western Hemisphere. He promoted these causes with some success, but his strategy failed to trump the unrelenting demand to resolve the issue of the expansion of slavery into the federal territories.
Mark Tveskov and Amy Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199696697
- eISBN:
- 9780191804878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199696697.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter examines the connection between frontier forts and the ideology of Manifest Destiny by focusing on the role of Fort Lane in the cultural landscape of the Oregon Territory in the years ...
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This chapter examines the connection between frontier forts and the ideology of Manifest Destiny by focusing on the role of Fort Lane in the cultural landscape of the Oregon Territory in the years 1853–1929. It considers the ambiguities of a colonial frontier and how they condition a more complex phenomenology for fortifications. More specifically, it describes fortifications as powerful but ambiguous signifiers of new concepts, precedents, and identities. It also shows how such ambiguities influenced the social experiences of officers, dragoons, pioneer families, gold miners, and local indigenous people that intersected at Fort Lane. Finally, it explores frontier fortifications in relation to frontier localisation and globalisation.Less
This chapter examines the connection between frontier forts and the ideology of Manifest Destiny by focusing on the role of Fort Lane in the cultural landscape of the Oregon Territory in the years 1853–1929. It considers the ambiguities of a colonial frontier and how they condition a more complex phenomenology for fortifications. More specifically, it describes fortifications as powerful but ambiguous signifiers of new concepts, precedents, and identities. It also shows how such ambiguities influenced the social experiences of officers, dragoons, pioneer families, gold miners, and local indigenous people that intersected at Fort Lane. Finally, it explores frontier fortifications in relation to frontier localisation and globalisation.
Ryan Bishop
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780748643073
- eISBN:
- 9780748689071
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643073.003.0004
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
If the assertion that parody is one of the most pervasive enunciative modalities of art in the twentieth century proves viable, then the role of parody for cultural, self-reflexive critique provides ...
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If the assertion that parody is one of the most pervasive enunciative modalities of art in the twentieth century proves viable, then the role of parody for cultural, self-reflexive critique provides a key to comedic film’s efficacy, or not, for engaging cultural relations. Such would be the case especially as it pertains to cinema’s own role within the generation and constitution of the cultural as it relates to technology, the senses, the Real, and the status of the art / visual object. This chapter considers whether or not parody overturns the power and authority of the logos (of the Law), or if it merely reinscribes this authority by drawing attention to the centrality of the main text (or ode) that the parody (para- and ode combined) addresses. These are central concerns to the comedic film tradition in relation to cultural critique.Less
If the assertion that parody is one of the most pervasive enunciative modalities of art in the twentieth century proves viable, then the role of parody for cultural, self-reflexive critique provides a key to comedic film’s efficacy, or not, for engaging cultural relations. Such would be the case especially as it pertains to cinema’s own role within the generation and constitution of the cultural as it relates to technology, the senses, the Real, and the status of the art / visual object. This chapter considers whether or not parody overturns the power and authority of the logos (of the Law), or if it merely reinscribes this authority by drawing attention to the centrality of the main text (or ode) that the parody (para- and ode combined) addresses. These are central concerns to the comedic film tradition in relation to cultural critique.
Shari Rabin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781479830473
- eISBN:
- 9781479869855
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479830473.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
Jews on the Frontier is a religious history of the United States that begins in an unexpected place: on the road with mobile Jews. It follows them out of eastern cities and into the American ...
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Jews on the Frontier is a religious history of the United States that begins in an unexpected place: on the road with mobile Jews. It follows them out of eastern cities and into the American frontier, where they found unprecedented economic opportunity but also anonymity, loneliness, instability, mistrust, scarcity, and diversity, all of which complicated the many legal obligations of traditional Jewish life. Against the backdrop of Manifest Destiny, ordinary Jews created religious life from scratch, expanding and transforming Jewish thought and practice within and outside newly developed networks, markets, and institutions. The inconsistency and eclecticism of these efforts were a central concern of well-known leaders like Isaac Mayer Wise and Isaac Leeser, who worked to establish greater order and standardization. While they failed in their most ambitious projects, however, they succeeded in establishing the institutional and intellectual infrastructure of American Judaism. Jews on the Frontier vividly recounts these stories of a neglected era in American Jewish history, taking the reader far from the well-trodden ground of New York City. In the process, it offers a new interpretation of American religions, rooted not in congregations or denominations, but in the politics and experiences of mobility. Today’s unafilliated Jews—and the much-heralded “nones” of all stripes—are not the first Americans to practice religion through family, social ties, print culture, and unauthorized forms of knowledge. Rather, American religions have long been constituted by diverse individuals and groups assembling resources for stability, certainty, and identity in a nation where there was little to be found.Less
Jews on the Frontier is a religious history of the United States that begins in an unexpected place: on the road with mobile Jews. It follows them out of eastern cities and into the American frontier, where they found unprecedented economic opportunity but also anonymity, loneliness, instability, mistrust, scarcity, and diversity, all of which complicated the many legal obligations of traditional Jewish life. Against the backdrop of Manifest Destiny, ordinary Jews created religious life from scratch, expanding and transforming Jewish thought and practice within and outside newly developed networks, markets, and institutions. The inconsistency and eclecticism of these efforts were a central concern of well-known leaders like Isaac Mayer Wise and Isaac Leeser, who worked to establish greater order and standardization. While they failed in their most ambitious projects, however, they succeeded in establishing the institutional and intellectual infrastructure of American Judaism. Jews on the Frontier vividly recounts these stories of a neglected era in American Jewish history, taking the reader far from the well-trodden ground of New York City. In the process, it offers a new interpretation of American religions, rooted not in congregations or denominations, but in the politics and experiences of mobility. Today’s unafilliated Jews—and the much-heralded “nones” of all stripes—are not the first Americans to practice religion through family, social ties, print culture, and unauthorized forms of knowledge. Rather, American religions have long been constituted by diverse individuals and groups assembling resources for stability, certainty, and identity in a nation where there was little to be found.
Harold H. Bruff
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226211107
- eISBN:
- 9780226211244
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226211244.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The Monroe Doctrine unilaterally set an enduring executive branch foreign policy. President Andrew Jackson increased presidential control of the executive by rotating officers and by dismissing a ...
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The Monroe Doctrine unilaterally set an enduring executive branch foreign policy. President Andrew Jackson increased presidential control of the executive by rotating officers and by dismissing a Treasury Secretary who would not accept his statutory interpretation. Jackson also transformed the veto when he used it to destroy the Bank of the United States, an action that presaged routine presidential participation in legislation. His Indian removal policy showed that neglect of the faithful execution duty can harm the powerless. His refusal to accept nullification held the Union together. The Whig presidencies showed that incentives require presidents to be strong even when the party’s political theory resists. John Tyler’s decision to assume the full powers of the presidency when he succeeded to office set another enduring precedent. James Polk promoted Manifest Destiny with strong executive actions, including provocative use of the military that led to the Mexican War.Less
The Monroe Doctrine unilaterally set an enduring executive branch foreign policy. President Andrew Jackson increased presidential control of the executive by rotating officers and by dismissing a Treasury Secretary who would not accept his statutory interpretation. Jackson also transformed the veto when he used it to destroy the Bank of the United States, an action that presaged routine presidential participation in legislation. His Indian removal policy showed that neglect of the faithful execution duty can harm the powerless. His refusal to accept nullification held the Union together. The Whig presidencies showed that incentives require presidents to be strong even when the party’s political theory resists. John Tyler’s decision to assume the full powers of the presidency when he succeeded to office set another enduring precedent. James Polk promoted Manifest Destiny with strong executive actions, including provocative use of the military that led to the Mexican War.
Mark A. Lause
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036552
- eISBN:
- 9780252093593
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036552.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
This chapter focuses on the Knights of the Golden Circle. George Washington Lafayette Bickley became one of the most famous members of the Brotherhood of the Union after he founded his own Knights of ...
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This chapter focuses on the Knights of the Golden Circle. George Washington Lafayette Bickley became one of the most famous members of the Brotherhood of the Union after he founded his own Knights of the Golden Circle. In a nation of “self-made men,” the founder of the Knights of the Golden Circle so persistently and frequently remade himself that many contemporaries remained at a loss as to who he actually was. Nevertheless, by any measure, the Knights of the Golden Circle became much more well known and accorded vastly greater importance than the organizations of George Lippard or Hugh Forbes. While Giuseppe Mazzini's idea of a mystic national destiny rested, in part, on the cooperation of nations, Bickley worked where nationhood grew pure without feudal or monarchist constraints. In his mind, an American “Manifest Destiny” unfolded in an unbounded fashion that would be not only unique but exceptional.Less
This chapter focuses on the Knights of the Golden Circle. George Washington Lafayette Bickley became one of the most famous members of the Brotherhood of the Union after he founded his own Knights of the Golden Circle. In a nation of “self-made men,” the founder of the Knights of the Golden Circle so persistently and frequently remade himself that many contemporaries remained at a loss as to who he actually was. Nevertheless, by any measure, the Knights of the Golden Circle became much more well known and accorded vastly greater importance than the organizations of George Lippard or Hugh Forbes. While Giuseppe Mazzini's idea of a mystic national destiny rested, in part, on the cooperation of nations, Bickley worked where nationhood grew pure without feudal or monarchist constraints. In his mind, an American “Manifest Destiny” unfolded in an unbounded fashion that would be not only unique but exceptional.
Julia F. Irwin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199766406
- eISBN:
- 9780190254469
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199766406.003.0015
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This epilogue assesses the nature of the American Red Cross's (ARC) civilian aid as an integral part of U.S. foreign relations. More specifically, it considers ARC's international humanitarianism as ...
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This epilogue assesses the nature of the American Red Cross's (ARC) civilian aid as an integral part of U.S. foreign relations. More specifically, it considers ARC's international humanitarianism as a reflection of a new Manifest Destiny for the United States and the infusion of the ideal of “indefinitely expanding brotherhood” into U.S. foreign policy. It places the history of ARC's foreign relief efforts within a larger process of American political and cultural expansion in the early twentieth century. It also explains how ARC's humanitarian assistance gave Americans the opportunity to forge cooperative, collaborative, and mutually beneficial relationships with civilians from other parts of the world. The chapter concludes by arguing that ARC's humanitarian interventions rationalized U.S. global expansion in a way that was viable, less violent, and potentially more cosmopolitan.Less
This epilogue assesses the nature of the American Red Cross's (ARC) civilian aid as an integral part of U.S. foreign relations. More specifically, it considers ARC's international humanitarianism as a reflection of a new Manifest Destiny for the United States and the infusion of the ideal of “indefinitely expanding brotherhood” into U.S. foreign policy. It places the history of ARC's foreign relief efforts within a larger process of American political and cultural expansion in the early twentieth century. It also explains how ARC's humanitarian assistance gave Americans the opportunity to forge cooperative, collaborative, and mutually beneficial relationships with civilians from other parts of the world. The chapter concludes by arguing that ARC's humanitarian interventions rationalized U.S. global expansion in a way that was viable, less violent, and potentially more cosmopolitan.
John C. Pinheiro
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199948673
- eISBN:
- 9780199380794
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199948673.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
“Manifest Destiny“ and American republicanism relied on a deeply racialist and anti-Catholic civil-religious discourse. This book traces the rise to prominence of this discourse beginning in the ...
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“Manifest Destiny“ and American republicanism relied on a deeply racialist and anti-Catholic civil-religious discourse. This book traces the rise to prominence of this discourse beginning in the 1820s and culminating in the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848. It was social reformer and Protestant evangelist Lyman Beecher who was most responsible for synthesizing seemingly unrelated strands of religious, patriotic, expansionist, and political sentiment into one universally understood argument about the future of the United States. During the Mexican-American War this “Beecherite Synthesis” provided Americans with the most important means of defining their own identity, understanding Mexicans, and interpreting the larger meaning of the war. Anti-Catholic rhetoric constituted an integral piece of nearly every major argument for or against the war and was so universally understood that recruiters, politicians, diplomats, journalists, soldiers, evangelical activists, abolitionists, and pacifists used it. It also was the primary tool used by American soldiers to interpret Mexico’s culture. All this activity in turn reshaped the anti-Catholic movement. Preachers could now use caricatures of Mexicans to illustrate Roman Catholic depravity and nativists could point to Mexico as a warning about what America would be like if dominated by Catholics. The war added California and New Mexico to the Union, the greatest increase in territory since Thomas Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase. John L. O’Sullivan, who coined the term “Manifest Destiny,” expressed the hope of many Americans when he predicted that "missionaries of republicanism" would quickly settle these new lands in the name of God and freedom.Less
“Manifest Destiny“ and American republicanism relied on a deeply racialist and anti-Catholic civil-religious discourse. This book traces the rise to prominence of this discourse beginning in the 1820s and culminating in the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848. It was social reformer and Protestant evangelist Lyman Beecher who was most responsible for synthesizing seemingly unrelated strands of religious, patriotic, expansionist, and political sentiment into one universally understood argument about the future of the United States. During the Mexican-American War this “Beecherite Synthesis” provided Americans with the most important means of defining their own identity, understanding Mexicans, and interpreting the larger meaning of the war. Anti-Catholic rhetoric constituted an integral piece of nearly every major argument for or against the war and was so universally understood that recruiters, politicians, diplomats, journalists, soldiers, evangelical activists, abolitionists, and pacifists used it. It also was the primary tool used by American soldiers to interpret Mexico’s culture. All this activity in turn reshaped the anti-Catholic movement. Preachers could now use caricatures of Mexicans to illustrate Roman Catholic depravity and nativists could point to Mexico as a warning about what America would be like if dominated by Catholics. The war added California and New Mexico to the Union, the greatest increase in territory since Thomas Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase. John L. O’Sullivan, who coined the term “Manifest Destiny,” expressed the hope of many Americans when he predicted that "missionaries of republicanism" would quickly settle these new lands in the name of God and freedom.
John C. Pinheiro
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199948673
- eISBN:
- 9780199380794
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199948673.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Historians have tended to ignore the importance of religion to nativism and the Mexican-American War, and have played down the relationship among anti-Catholicism, republicanism, and race. This book ...
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Historians have tended to ignore the importance of religion to nativism and the Mexican-American War, and have played down the relationship among anti-Catholicism, republicanism, and race. This book shows that as Catholic immigration to the United States increased and Americans embarked on the era of Protestant revivalism that became known as the Second Great Awakening, anti-Catholicism emerged as integral to Americans’ understanding of how best to preserve their liberties in a more diverse country. Constituent to this future prosperity was the American republic’s seemingly inexorable expansion westward. Within two decades, this popular drive for territorial aggrandizement became known as “Manifest Destiny.” What was United States of America? An increasingly common answer by the 1840s was that the United States was all of those things that Mexico was not: free, Protestant, Anglo-Saxon, republican, and prosperous. During the Texas annexation debates anti-Catholic themes foundational to American republicanism and Anglo-Saxonism incorporated a growing literature on Mexico that highlighted its religion, helping to form in the American mind a monolithic picture of Roman Catholicism.Less
Historians have tended to ignore the importance of religion to nativism and the Mexican-American War, and have played down the relationship among anti-Catholicism, republicanism, and race. This book shows that as Catholic immigration to the United States increased and Americans embarked on the era of Protestant revivalism that became known as the Second Great Awakening, anti-Catholicism emerged as integral to Americans’ understanding of how best to preserve their liberties in a more diverse country. Constituent to this future prosperity was the American republic’s seemingly inexorable expansion westward. Within two decades, this popular drive for territorial aggrandizement became known as “Manifest Destiny.” What was United States of America? An increasingly common answer by the 1840s was that the United States was all of those things that Mexico was not: free, Protestant, Anglo-Saxon, republican, and prosperous. During the Texas annexation debates anti-Catholic themes foundational to American republicanism and Anglo-Saxonism incorporated a growing literature on Mexico that highlighted its religion, helping to form in the American mind a monolithic picture of Roman Catholicism.
John C. Pinheiro
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199948673
- eISBN:
- 9780199380794
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199948673.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
1. With Congress unable to decide on Texas annexation before its summer recess, the elections of 1844 promised to double as a referendum on Texas. Whigs and Democrats realized they would have to ...
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1. With Congress unable to decide on Texas annexation before its summer recess, the elections of 1844 promised to double as a referendum on Texas. Whigs and Democrats realized they would have to choose carefully their positions and presidential candidates. This was less true of the new group of anti-slavery advocates: the Liberty Party. Democrat James K. Polk barely won the election, pledging to “reannex” Texas (which was accomplished before he took office), purchase California, and abrogate the Oregon treaty with Great Britain. Americans now recognized that any expansion outside of Oregon would come at the expense of Catholic Mexico. By 1845 the literature had shaped American views of their southern neighbor as a decrepit pseudo-republic cursed by despotism and superstition, complementing extant stories involving priests, nuns, and confessionals and fitting older ecclesiastical and theological arguments against the Catholic Church. By the time war erupted, Americans were accustomed to a rhetoric of anti-Catholicism and Anglo-Saxonism that had become inseparable from Manifest Destiny sentiment, while giving them the most effective means of understanding their role in advancing republican principles. This rhetoric soon proved flexible enough both to support military conquest, the denigration of the enemy, and annexation and to oppose them.Less
1. With Congress unable to decide on Texas annexation before its summer recess, the elections of 1844 promised to double as a referendum on Texas. Whigs and Democrats realized they would have to choose carefully their positions and presidential candidates. This was less true of the new group of anti-slavery advocates: the Liberty Party. Democrat James K. Polk barely won the election, pledging to “reannex” Texas (which was accomplished before he took office), purchase California, and abrogate the Oregon treaty with Great Britain. Americans now recognized that any expansion outside of Oregon would come at the expense of Catholic Mexico. By 1845 the literature had shaped American views of their southern neighbor as a decrepit pseudo-republic cursed by despotism and superstition, complementing extant stories involving priests, nuns, and confessionals and fitting older ecclesiastical and theological arguments against the Catholic Church. By the time war erupted, Americans were accustomed to a rhetoric of anti-Catholicism and Anglo-Saxonism that had become inseparable from Manifest Destiny sentiment, while giving them the most effective means of understanding their role in advancing republican principles. This rhetoric soon proved flexible enough both to support military conquest, the denigration of the enemy, and annexation and to oppose them.
Paul R. Pillar
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231165907
- eISBN:
- 9780231540353
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231165907.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
The wealth of the United States, and the power that flows from it, makes it hard for Americans to understand the perspectives and objectives of those in less powerful countries. It also leads to ...
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The wealth of the United States, and the power that flows from it, makes it hard for Americans to understand the perspectives and objectives of those in less powerful countries. It also leads to excessive American optimism about what the United States is capable of accomplishing abroad.Less
The wealth of the United States, and the power that flows from it, makes it hard for Americans to understand the perspectives and objectives of those in less powerful countries. It also leads to excessive American optimism about what the United States is capable of accomplishing abroad.
Julia F. Irwin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199766406
- eISBN:
- 9780190254469
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199766406.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book examines the role of humanitarian assistance in American foreign relations. It documents the history of American foreign aid intended to guide the international community in peaceful ...
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This book examines the role of humanitarian assistance in American foreign relations. It documents the history of American foreign aid intended to guide the international community in peaceful cooperation and modernization towards greater stability and democracy in the early twentieth century. Focusing on the American Red Cross, it considers how the United States used overseas relief as a tool of statecraft and diplomacy and the ways that private organizations have served the diplomatic needs of the government. The book also looks at the emergence of voluntary humanitarian interventionism as the basis for a new set of American civic and political obligations to the international community. Overall, it tells the story of how Americans in the early twentieth century embraced a new Manifest Destiny for their country and strove to infuse the ideal of “indefinitely expanding brotherhood” into U.S. foreign policy.Less
This book examines the role of humanitarian assistance in American foreign relations. It documents the history of American foreign aid intended to guide the international community in peaceful cooperation and modernization towards greater stability and democracy in the early twentieth century. Focusing on the American Red Cross, it considers how the United States used overseas relief as a tool of statecraft and diplomacy and the ways that private organizations have served the diplomatic needs of the government. The book also looks at the emergence of voluntary humanitarian interventionism as the basis for a new set of American civic and political obligations to the international community. Overall, it tells the story of how Americans in the early twentieth century embraced a new Manifest Destiny for their country and strove to infuse the ideal of “indefinitely expanding brotherhood” into U.S. foreign policy.
John Mason Hart
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520223240
- eISBN:
- 9780520939295
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520223240.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
The deep relationship between the United States and Mexico has had repercussions felt around the world. This chronicle of the economic and social connections between the two nations opens a new ...
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The deep relationship between the United States and Mexico has had repercussions felt around the world. This chronicle of the economic and social connections between the two nations opens a new window onto history from the Civil War to today and illuminates the course of events that made the United States a global empire. The Mexican Revolution, Manifest Destiny, World War II, and NAFTA are all part of the story, but this narrative transcends these moments of economic and political drama, resonating with the themes of wealth and power. Combining economic and historical analysis with personal memoirs and vivid descriptions of key episodes and players, this book is based on substantial amounts of previously unexplored source material. Recently declassified documents in the archives of the United States government have been examined for this book and the author has also traveled extensively in rural Mexico to uncover the rich sources for this gripping story of 135 years of intervention, cooperation, and corruption. Beginning just after the American Civil War, the book traces the activities of an elite group of financiers and industrialists who, sensing opportunities for wealth to the south, began to develop Mexico's infrastructure. It charts their activities through the pivotal regime of Porfirio Díaz, when Americans began to gain ownership of Mexico's natural resources, and through the Mexican Revolution, when Americans lost many of their holdings in Mexico. The book concentrates less on traditional political history in the twentieth century and more on the hidden interactions between Americans and Mexicans, especially the unfolding story of industrial production in Mexico for export to the United States. Throughout, this narrative illuminates the development and expansion of the American railroad, oil, mining, and banking industries. The book also shows how the export of the “American Dream” has shaped such areas as religion and work attitudes in Mexico. This book reveals much about the American psyche, especially the compulsion of American elites toward wealth, global power, and contact with other peoples, often in order to “save” them. These characteristics were first expressed internationally in Mexico, and the book shows that the Mexican experience was and continues to be a prototype for U.S. expansion around the world. This work demonstrates the often inconspicuous yet profoundly damaging impact of American investment in the underdeveloped countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.Less
The deep relationship between the United States and Mexico has had repercussions felt around the world. This chronicle of the economic and social connections between the two nations opens a new window onto history from the Civil War to today and illuminates the course of events that made the United States a global empire. The Mexican Revolution, Manifest Destiny, World War II, and NAFTA are all part of the story, but this narrative transcends these moments of economic and political drama, resonating with the themes of wealth and power. Combining economic and historical analysis with personal memoirs and vivid descriptions of key episodes and players, this book is based on substantial amounts of previously unexplored source material. Recently declassified documents in the archives of the United States government have been examined for this book and the author has also traveled extensively in rural Mexico to uncover the rich sources for this gripping story of 135 years of intervention, cooperation, and corruption. Beginning just after the American Civil War, the book traces the activities of an elite group of financiers and industrialists who, sensing opportunities for wealth to the south, began to develop Mexico's infrastructure. It charts their activities through the pivotal regime of Porfirio Díaz, when Americans began to gain ownership of Mexico's natural resources, and through the Mexican Revolution, when Americans lost many of their holdings in Mexico. The book concentrates less on traditional political history in the twentieth century and more on the hidden interactions between Americans and Mexicans, especially the unfolding story of industrial production in Mexico for export to the United States. Throughout, this narrative illuminates the development and expansion of the American railroad, oil, mining, and banking industries. The book also shows how the export of the “American Dream” has shaped such areas as religion and work attitudes in Mexico. This book reveals much about the American psyche, especially the compulsion of American elites toward wealth, global power, and contact with other peoples, often in order to “save” them. These characteristics were first expressed internationally in Mexico, and the book shows that the Mexican experience was and continues to be a prototype for U.S. expansion around the world. This work demonstrates the often inconspicuous yet profoundly damaging impact of American investment in the underdeveloped countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.
Glenn Watkins
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231580
- eISBN:
- 9780520927896
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231580.003.0017
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
In a speech to the State Republican Party Convention on July 19, 1918, Theodore Roosevelt said: “There can be no fifty-fifty Americanism in this country. There is room here for only 100% Americanism, ...
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In a speech to the State Republican Party Convention on July 19, 1918, Theodore Roosevelt said: “There can be no fifty-fifty Americanism in this country. There is room here for only 100% Americanism, only for those who are Americans and nothing else.” However, it was not clear just what constituted “100% Americanism.” A doctrine of Manifest Destiny, based upon principles inherent in the Declaration of Independence, had been published as early as 1839 by John O'Sullivan, editor of the Democratic Review. Despite the prevailing isolationist mood, it was apparent that music scholars from America were anything but oblivious to contemporary developments in Europe. As America waited for the appearance of its “great Expressor,” another repertoire was ready and waiting to serve the needs of the moment. The power attendant to war tunes, hymns, and national anthems was reviewed in the very first issue of The Musical Times published in London following the declaration of the Great War.Less
In a speech to the State Republican Party Convention on July 19, 1918, Theodore Roosevelt said: “There can be no fifty-fifty Americanism in this country. There is room here for only 100% Americanism, only for those who are Americans and nothing else.” However, it was not clear just what constituted “100% Americanism.” A doctrine of Manifest Destiny, based upon principles inherent in the Declaration of Independence, had been published as early as 1839 by John O'Sullivan, editor of the Democratic Review. Despite the prevailing isolationist mood, it was apparent that music scholars from America were anything but oblivious to contemporary developments in Europe. As America waited for the appearance of its “great Expressor,” another repertoire was ready and waiting to serve the needs of the moment. The power attendant to war tunes, hymns, and national anthems was reviewed in the very first issue of The Musical Times published in London following the declaration of the Great War.
Karine V. Walther
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625393
- eISBN:
- 9781469625416
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625393.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The introduction establishes the theoretical and historical context for Sacred Interests. It explores how European enlightenment theories and nineteenth-century religious, intellectual, and political ...
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The introduction establishes the theoretical and historical context for Sacred Interests. It explores how European enlightenment theories and nineteenth-century religious, intellectual, and political trends—including the Second Great Awakening, Manifest Destiny, premillennial thought, the Social Gospel movement, and Social Darwinism—contributed to American beliefs about Islam and Muslims. This opening chapter also places “American Orientalism” within a larger global and transnational context by focusing on American discussions of empire, civilization, international law, ethnic nationalism, the “Jewish Question,” race, and humanitarian intervention with their European counterparts. The introduction traces American beliefs and interactions with Islam and the Muslim world from the colonial period through the Barbary Wars of 1812. It also features a short historical overview of American theological understandings of Islam, its role in prophetical thought, captivity narratives of American and British sailors seized by Muslim Barbary pirates, and the impact European texts about Islam that crossed the Atlantic had on American perspectives.Less
The introduction establishes the theoretical and historical context for Sacred Interests. It explores how European enlightenment theories and nineteenth-century religious, intellectual, and political trends—including the Second Great Awakening, Manifest Destiny, premillennial thought, the Social Gospel movement, and Social Darwinism—contributed to American beliefs about Islam and Muslims. This opening chapter also places “American Orientalism” within a larger global and transnational context by focusing on American discussions of empire, civilization, international law, ethnic nationalism, the “Jewish Question,” race, and humanitarian intervention with their European counterparts. The introduction traces American beliefs and interactions with Islam and the Muslim world from the colonial period through the Barbary Wars of 1812. It also features a short historical overview of American theological understandings of Islam, its role in prophetical thought, captivity narratives of American and British sailors seized by Muslim Barbary pirates, and the impact European texts about Islam that crossed the Atlantic had on American perspectives.
J. Gerald Kennedy
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780195393682
- eISBN:
- 9780190490621
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195393682.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
This chapter investigates the enlargement of national ambition, as projected upon the West and culminating in the ideology that fueled war with Mexico and changed American geography. Long entangled ...
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This chapter investigates the enlargement of national ambition, as projected upon the West and culminating in the ideology that fueled war with Mexico and changed American geography. Long entangled in the so-called Indian wars discussed earlier, the West here figures mainly as a site of symbolic desire, a constantly shifting locus of opportunity and enrichment. The Midwest as “the West” figures in writings by Hall, Kirkland, and Fuller, among others, while the “Old Southwest” shifts from the Gulf South depicted by Simms and Thorpe to Texas and the desert Southwest in the sensational war narratives of Lippard, Buntline, and others. The prairie provides the backdrop for Cooper’s novel of that name; its novelties also impel Irving’s Tour. The economic attractions of the Far West drive Irving’s Astoria, Dana’s Two Years, and Taylor’s Eldorado. Ridge’s Joaquín Murieta exposes the racist hostilities emerging in a lawless, multicultural West.Less
This chapter investigates the enlargement of national ambition, as projected upon the West and culminating in the ideology that fueled war with Mexico and changed American geography. Long entangled in the so-called Indian wars discussed earlier, the West here figures mainly as a site of symbolic desire, a constantly shifting locus of opportunity and enrichment. The Midwest as “the West” figures in writings by Hall, Kirkland, and Fuller, among others, while the “Old Southwest” shifts from the Gulf South depicted by Simms and Thorpe to Texas and the desert Southwest in the sensational war narratives of Lippard, Buntline, and others. The prairie provides the backdrop for Cooper’s novel of that name; its novelties also impel Irving’s Tour. The economic attractions of the Far West drive Irving’s Astoria, Dana’s Two Years, and Taylor’s Eldorado. Ridge’s Joaquín Murieta exposes the racist hostilities emerging in a lawless, multicultural West.
Kirsten Day
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781474402460
- eISBN:
- 9781474422055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402460.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Though a staple of the Western canon, George Stevens’s 1953 Shane has been criticized for its self-conscious mythologizing. Perhaps because of this mythic framing, Shane’s connections to the epic ...
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Though a staple of the Western canon, George Stevens’s 1953 Shane has been criticized for its self-conscious mythologizing. Perhaps because of this mythic framing, Shane’s connections to the epic tradition are pervasive. This chapter begins by examining the overlapping concern in both with the guest-host relationship, constructions of male honor, and property rights as they relate to masculine identity. Turning next to the Iliad, this chapter expands on Carl Rubino’s examination of Shane as an Achilles figure by looking at the complicated psychological identification between hero, companion, and enemy present in both works. Next, Shane is connected to Homer’s Odyssey in its focus on a hero torn between lust for action and longing for home, its concern with a boy’s coming-of-age, and its anxiety about women’s sexual integrity. Finally, this chapter examines Shane’s close kinship with Virgil’s Aeneid through their focus on nation-building, with each including a significant acknowledgement of the antagonist’s perspective, in effect calling the justice of the hero’s cause into question, along with related notions of divine impetus and Manifest Destiny.Less
Though a staple of the Western canon, George Stevens’s 1953 Shane has been criticized for its self-conscious mythologizing. Perhaps because of this mythic framing, Shane’s connections to the epic tradition are pervasive. This chapter begins by examining the overlapping concern in both with the guest-host relationship, constructions of male honor, and property rights as they relate to masculine identity. Turning next to the Iliad, this chapter expands on Carl Rubino’s examination of Shane as an Achilles figure by looking at the complicated psychological identification between hero, companion, and enemy present in both works. Next, Shane is connected to Homer’s Odyssey in its focus on a hero torn between lust for action and longing for home, its concern with a boy’s coming-of-age, and its anxiety about women’s sexual integrity. Finally, this chapter examines Shane’s close kinship with Virgil’s Aeneid through their focus on nation-building, with each including a significant acknowledgement of the antagonist’s perspective, in effect calling the justice of the hero’s cause into question, along with related notions of divine impetus and Manifest Destiny.
Martha Schoolman
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816680740
- eISBN:
- 9781452948744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816680740.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
This chapter presents a reading of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin that opposed the ideology of Manifest Destiny, the belief that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand its ...
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This chapter presents a reading of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin that opposed the ideology of Manifest Destiny, the belief that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political, social, and economic influence. The novel is an anti-expansionist geography that reflects the public career of James Gillespie Birney, a onetime slaveholder, who became an abolitionist and ran for president as an antislavery politician who believed that the Louisiana Purchase had been unconstitutional.Less
This chapter presents a reading of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin that opposed the ideology of Manifest Destiny, the belief that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political, social, and economic influence. The novel is an anti-expansionist geography that reflects the public career of James Gillespie Birney, a onetime slaveholder, who became an abolitionist and ran for president as an antislavery politician who believed that the Louisiana Purchase had been unconstitutional.
