Aaron Shkuda
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226334189
- eISBN:
- 9780226334219
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226334219.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
From the early 20th century through 1970, plans were in place to build a major highway, the Lower Manhattan Expressway, across Broome Street in SoHo. The project gained renewed life in the 1950s and ...
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From the early 20th century through 1970, plans were in place to build a major highway, the Lower Manhattan Expressway, across Broome Street in SoHo. The project gained renewed life in the 1950s and 60s thanks to the efforts of David Rockefeller and the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Association, who saw the highway as supporting development of the Lower Manhattan financial district. The project’s ultimate failure allowed SoHo to develop as an artist colony and, in time, a gentrified neighborhood. Yet, the project’s slow death also depressed property values, allowing artists to obtain loft space, which also drove the area’s residential transition.Less
From the early 20th century through 1970, plans were in place to build a major highway, the Lower Manhattan Expressway, across Broome Street in SoHo. The project gained renewed life in the 1950s and 60s thanks to the efforts of David Rockefeller and the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Association, who saw the highway as supporting development of the Lower Manhattan financial district. The project’s ultimate failure allowed SoHo to develop as an artist colony and, in time, a gentrified neighborhood. Yet, the project’s slow death also depressed property values, allowing artists to obtain loft space, which also drove the area’s residential transition.
Kevin Fox Gotham and Miriam Greenberg
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199752225
- eISBN:
- 9780199371983
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199752225.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies, Science, Technology and Environment
Chapter 4 analyzes the process of long-term post-crisis redevelopment in each city. The chapter first explores the complex forms of crisis framing and political intervention, including the historic ...
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Chapter 4 analyzes the process of long-term post-crisis redevelopment in each city. The chapter first explores the complex forms of crisis framing and political intervention, including the historic upsurge of civic engagement, coalition building, and social movement formation, from the grassroots to elite levels. Next, it examines how political mobilization by newly created public-private partnerships—the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation and the Louisiana Recovery Authority—attempted to co-opt and neutralize grassroots attempts to influence the elite policymaking process. It then analyzes the form, trajectory, and problems of redevelopment in the two cities, with special emphasis on the implementation of the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, the Liberty Zone, the Gulf Opportunity Zone, and tax-exempt private activity bonds to finance and promote reinvestment. Chapter 4 shows that New York’s post-crisis redevelopment may be seen as a prototype and New Orleans’s as the first test case for the application of market-centered principles and spatial strategies to guide the institutional response to major urban disasters.Less
Chapter 4 analyzes the process of long-term post-crisis redevelopment in each city. The chapter first explores the complex forms of crisis framing and political intervention, including the historic upsurge of civic engagement, coalition building, and social movement formation, from the grassroots to elite levels. Next, it examines how political mobilization by newly created public-private partnerships—the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation and the Louisiana Recovery Authority—attempted to co-opt and neutralize grassroots attempts to influence the elite policymaking process. It then analyzes the form, trajectory, and problems of redevelopment in the two cities, with special emphasis on the implementation of the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, the Liberty Zone, the Gulf Opportunity Zone, and tax-exempt private activity bonds to finance and promote reinvestment. Chapter 4 shows that New York’s post-crisis redevelopment may be seen as a prototype and New Orleans’s as the first test case for the application of market-centered principles and spatial strategies to guide the institutional response to major urban disasters.
James M. Lindgren
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479822577
- eISBN:
- 9781479825578
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479822577.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book tells the story, from the 1960s to the present, of the South Street Seaport District of Lower Manhattan—one of the last neighborhoods of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century New ...
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This book tells the story, from the 1960s to the present, of the South Street Seaport District of Lower Manhattan—one of the last neighborhoods of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century New York City not ruined by urban development. The neighborhood was earmarked for the erection of the World Trade Center until its placement moved one mile westward. After Penn Station's demolition had angered many New York citizens, preservationists mobilized to save this last piece of Manhattan's old port and recreate its fabled nineteenth-century “Street of Ships.” The South Street Seaport and the World Trade Center became the yin and yang of Lower Manhattan's rebirth. City Hall designated the museum as developer of the twelve-block urban renewal district. However, the Seaport Museum was never adequately funded, and it suffered with the real estate collapse of 1972. The city, bankers, and state bought the museum's fifty buildings and leased them back at terms that crippled the museum financially. That led to the controversial construction of the Rouse Company's New Fulton Market and Pier 17 mall. Though the Seaport Museum's finances were always tenuous, the neighborhood and the museum were improving until the tragedy of 9/11, followed by Superstorm Sandy. Today, the future of this pioneering museum is in doubt. The book reveals the pitfalls of privatizing urban renewal, developing museum–corporate partnerships, and introducing a professional regimen over a people's movement, and how a decrepit piece of waterfront became a wonderful venue for all New Yorkers and visitors.Less
This book tells the story, from the 1960s to the present, of the South Street Seaport District of Lower Manhattan—one of the last neighborhoods of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century New York City not ruined by urban development. The neighborhood was earmarked for the erection of the World Trade Center until its placement moved one mile westward. After Penn Station's demolition had angered many New York citizens, preservationists mobilized to save this last piece of Manhattan's old port and recreate its fabled nineteenth-century “Street of Ships.” The South Street Seaport and the World Trade Center became the yin and yang of Lower Manhattan's rebirth. City Hall designated the museum as developer of the twelve-block urban renewal district. However, the Seaport Museum was never adequately funded, and it suffered with the real estate collapse of 1972. The city, bankers, and state bought the museum's fifty buildings and leased them back at terms that crippled the museum financially. That led to the controversial construction of the Rouse Company's New Fulton Market and Pier 17 mall. Though the Seaport Museum's finances were always tenuous, the neighborhood and the museum were improving until the tragedy of 9/11, followed by Superstorm Sandy. Today, the future of this pioneering museum is in doubt. The book reveals the pitfalls of privatizing urban renewal, developing museum–corporate partnerships, and introducing a professional regimen over a people's movement, and how a decrepit piece of waterfront became a wonderful venue for all New Yorkers and visitors.
Robin Wagner-Pacifici
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226439648
- eISBN:
- 9780226439815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226439815.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This chapter focuses on the historical event known as 9/11, particularly on the shapes this event has taken in lower Manhattan. The concept of an event eddy is introduced. This concept captures the ...
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This chapter focuses on the historical event known as 9/11, particularly on the shapes this event has taken in lower Manhattan. The concept of an event eddy is introduced. This concept captures the ways that events can get caught in uncertain oscillations of forms and flows, including, in the case of 9/11, monument construction, legal trials, civil sphere institutional initiatives, and residential reconfiguration. The chapter details how 9/11 got caught in the event space of lower Manhattan for the decade after the terrorist attacks. It also analyzes the sedimentation of this historical event in and as official categories, documents, laws, and symbols. For example, the 9/11 Commission Report is analyzed as a document in which challenges of description, categorization, and evaluation are met within constraints of documentary and pictorial genres of representation.Less
This chapter focuses on the historical event known as 9/11, particularly on the shapes this event has taken in lower Manhattan. The concept of an event eddy is introduced. This concept captures the ways that events can get caught in uncertain oscillations of forms and flows, including, in the case of 9/11, monument construction, legal trials, civil sphere institutional initiatives, and residential reconfiguration. The chapter details how 9/11 got caught in the event space of lower Manhattan for the decade after the terrorist attacks. It also analyzes the sedimentation of this historical event in and as official categories, documents, laws, and symbols. For example, the 9/11 Commission Report is analyzed as a document in which challenges of description, categorization, and evaluation are met within constraints of documentary and pictorial genres of representation.
James M. Lindgren
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479822577
- eISBN:
- 9781479825578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479822577.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the role played by historic preservation, especially of South Street Seaport, in the development of Lower Manhattan. It considers the two megaprojects being that were developed ...
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This chapter examines the role played by historic preservation, especially of South Street Seaport, in the development of Lower Manhattan. It considers the two megaprojects being that were developed at opposite ends of Fulton Street and how they reshaped Manhattan after 1966: the World Trade Center and South Street Seaport. It also explains how the debate over Schermerhorn Row set the context for much of Gotham's attitudes about historic preservation. In particular, it discusses the role of Sol Atlas and John McGrath in shaping the Row's fate, along with Emery Roth, Uris Brothers, and Jakob Isbrandtsen. Finally, it explores the controversy surrounding the Manhattan Landing plan and its significance for the proposed South Street Seaport Museum. It describes Seaport's restoration through private funding as a model for creative urban planning.Less
This chapter examines the role played by historic preservation, especially of South Street Seaport, in the development of Lower Manhattan. It considers the two megaprojects being that were developed at opposite ends of Fulton Street and how they reshaped Manhattan after 1966: the World Trade Center and South Street Seaport. It also explains how the debate over Schermerhorn Row set the context for much of Gotham's attitudes about historic preservation. In particular, it discusses the role of Sol Atlas and John McGrath in shaping the Row's fate, along with Emery Roth, Uris Brothers, and Jakob Isbrandtsen. Finally, it explores the controversy surrounding the Manhattan Landing plan and its significance for the proposed South Street Seaport Museum. It describes Seaport's restoration through private funding as a model for creative urban planning.
Gregory Smithsimon
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814740842
- eISBN:
- 9780814771129
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814740842.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Health, Illness, and Medicine
This chapter examines the third stage in the ongoing reciprocal relationship between space and social relations in Battery Park City. In the first stage, people shaped space; in the second stage, ...
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This chapter examines the third stage in the ongoing reciprocal relationship between space and social relations in Battery Park City. In the first stage, people shaped space; in the second stage, space shaped social relations. In the third stage, people shaped space once more as they organized to influence the physical design of the neighborhood that previously influenced them. This chapter looks at how residents of Battery Park City used space as a tool to maintain the exclusivity of their neighborhood and to preserve existing social privilege. It also shows how residents sought to influence redevelopment plans for Battery Park City, the World Trade Center site, and Lower Manhattan that would reproduce the exclusivity of their neighborhood and community in physical form. Resident attitudes about urban redevelopment illustrate the reciprocal relationship of space and social relations while also revealing the problems—the use of suburban spatial strategies to defend residential inequality—inherent in the contemporary “citadel.”Less
This chapter examines the third stage in the ongoing reciprocal relationship between space and social relations in Battery Park City. In the first stage, people shaped space; in the second stage, space shaped social relations. In the third stage, people shaped space once more as they organized to influence the physical design of the neighborhood that previously influenced them. This chapter looks at how residents of Battery Park City used space as a tool to maintain the exclusivity of their neighborhood and to preserve existing social privilege. It also shows how residents sought to influence redevelopment plans for Battery Park City, the World Trade Center site, and Lower Manhattan that would reproduce the exclusivity of their neighborhood and community in physical form. Resident attitudes about urban redevelopment illustrate the reciprocal relationship of space and social relations while also revealing the problems—the use of suburban spatial strategies to defend residential inequality—inherent in the contemporary “citadel.”
James M. Lindgren
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479822577
- eISBN:
- 9781479825578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479822577.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the impact of 9/11 on the South Street Seaport Museum's historic preservation plans. In 2001, the Seaport received an initial $5 million to rehabilitate Schermerhorn Row and ...
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This chapter examines the impact of 9/11 on the South Street Seaport Museum's historic preservation plans. In 2001, the Seaport received an initial $5 million to rehabilitate Schermerhorn Row and exhibit “World Port New York,” which was expected to open in 2003 and boost Lower Manhattan's tourism. But the terrorist attacks of 9/11 changed everything, crippling Lower Manhattan for years. This chapter considers Robert “Peter” Neill III's retirement as Seaport president in the wake of 9/11, Seaport's strategy of increasing revenue under executive director Paula M. Mayo and chairman Lawrence S. Huntington, and how 9/11 affected the Seaport's Fulton Fish Market and its historic ships such as Wavertree and Peking. It also assesses the Seaport's future prospects.Less
This chapter examines the impact of 9/11 on the South Street Seaport Museum's historic preservation plans. In 2001, the Seaport received an initial $5 million to rehabilitate Schermerhorn Row and exhibit “World Port New York,” which was expected to open in 2003 and boost Lower Manhattan's tourism. But the terrorist attacks of 9/11 changed everything, crippling Lower Manhattan for years. This chapter considers Robert “Peter” Neill III's retirement as Seaport president in the wake of 9/11, Seaport's strategy of increasing revenue under executive director Paula M. Mayo and chairman Lawrence S. Huntington, and how 9/11 affected the Seaport's Fulton Fish Market and its historic ships such as Wavertree and Peking. It also assesses the Seaport's future prospects.
Michael C. Heller
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520285408
- eISBN:
- 9780520960893
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520285408.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
The New York loft jazz scene of the 1970s was a pivotal period for uncompromising, artist-produced work. Faced with a flagging jazz economy, a group of young avant-garde improvisers chose to eschew ...
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The New York loft jazz scene of the 1970s was a pivotal period for uncompromising, artist-produced work. Faced with a flagging jazz economy, a group of young avant-garde improvisers chose to eschew the commercial sphere and develop alternative venues in the abandoned factories and warehouses of Lower Manhattan. This book provides a study of this period, tracing its history amid a series of overlapping discourses surrounding collectivism, urban renewal, experimentalist aesthetics, underground archives, and the radical politics of self-determination.Less
The New York loft jazz scene of the 1970s was a pivotal period for uncompromising, artist-produced work. Faced with a flagging jazz economy, a group of young avant-garde improvisers chose to eschew the commercial sphere and develop alternative venues in the abandoned factories and warehouses of Lower Manhattan. This book provides a study of this period, tracing its history amid a series of overlapping discourses surrounding collectivism, urban renewal, experimentalist aesthetics, underground archives, and the radical politics of self-determination.
James M. Lindgren
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479822577
- eISBN:
- 9781479825578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479822577.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This introduction focuses on the South Street Seaport Museum in Lower Manhattan, New York City, and its efforts to preserve the historic district of South Street Seaport. It considers the historic ...
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This introduction focuses on the South Street Seaport Museum in Lower Manhattan, New York City, and its efforts to preserve the historic district of South Street Seaport. It considers the historic preservation movement that emerged following the demolition of Pennsylvania Station that began in 1963. In particular, it discusses the efforts of Peter M. Stanford, who formed the Friends of South Street Maritime Museum to jump-start the proposal of state senator Whitney North Seymour Jr. to establish the New York State Maritime Museum at the Schermerhorn Row. It also examines the Friends' vision for the South Street Seaport, such as creating a fleet of historic ships, to be called “Street of Ships,” on the East River. Finally, it highlights the problems faced by the South Street Seaport Museum in its crusade to preserve the port and its history.Less
This introduction focuses on the South Street Seaport Museum in Lower Manhattan, New York City, and its efforts to preserve the historic district of South Street Seaport. It considers the historic preservation movement that emerged following the demolition of Pennsylvania Station that began in 1963. In particular, it discusses the efforts of Peter M. Stanford, who formed the Friends of South Street Maritime Museum to jump-start the proposal of state senator Whitney North Seymour Jr. to establish the New York State Maritime Museum at the Schermerhorn Row. It also examines the Friends' vision for the South Street Seaport, such as creating a fleet of historic ships, to be called “Street of Ships,” on the East River. Finally, it highlights the problems faced by the South Street Seaport Museum in its crusade to preserve the port and its history.
Robert W. Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814742990
- eISBN:
- 9780814745045
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814742990.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Every year, more than thirty-three million vehicles traverse the Holland Tunnel, making their way to and from Jersey City and Lower Manhattan. From tourists to commuters, many cross the tunnel's ...
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Every year, more than thirty-three million vehicles traverse the Holland Tunnel, making their way to and from Jersey City and Lower Manhattan. From tourists to commuters, many cross the tunnel's 1.6-mile corridor on a daily basis, and yet few know much about this amazing feat of early 20th-century engineering. How was it built, by whom, and at what cost? These and many other questions are answered in this book about this seminal structure in the history of urban transportation. The book explains the economic forces which led to the need for the tunnel, and details the extraordinary political and social politicking that took place on both sides of the Hudson River to finally enable its construction. It also introduces us to important figures in the tunnel's history, such as New Jersey Governor Walter E. Edge, who, more than anyone else, made the dream of a tunnel a reality and George Washington Goethals (builder of the Panama Canal and namesake of the Goethals Bridge) the first chief engineer of the project.Less
Every year, more than thirty-three million vehicles traverse the Holland Tunnel, making their way to and from Jersey City and Lower Manhattan. From tourists to commuters, many cross the tunnel's 1.6-mile corridor on a daily basis, and yet few know much about this amazing feat of early 20th-century engineering. How was it built, by whom, and at what cost? These and many other questions are answered in this book about this seminal structure in the history of urban transportation. The book explains the economic forces which led to the need for the tunnel, and details the extraordinary political and social politicking that took place on both sides of the Hudson River to finally enable its construction. It also introduces us to important figures in the tunnel's history, such as New Jersey Governor Walter E. Edge, who, more than anyone else, made the dream of a tunnel a reality and George Washington Goethals (builder of the Panama Canal and namesake of the Goethals Bridge) the first chief engineer of the project.
Gregory Smithsimon
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814740842
- eISBN:
- 9780814771129
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814740842.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Health, Illness, and Medicine
The collapse of the World Trade Center shattered windows across the street in Battery Park City, throwing the neighborhood into darkness and smothering homes in debris. Residents fled. In the months ...
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The collapse of the World Trade Center shattered windows across the street in Battery Park City, throwing the neighborhood into darkness and smothering homes in debris. Residents fled. In the months and years after they returned, they worked to restore their community. Until September 11, Battery Park City had been a secluded, wealthy enclave just west of Wall Street, one with all the opulence of the surrounding corporate headquarters yet with a gated, suburban feel. After the towers fell it became the most visible neighborhood in New York City. This book examines both the struggles and shortcomings of one of the city's wealthiest neighborhoods. In doing so, it discovers the vibrant exclusivity that makes Battery Park City an unmatched place to live for the few who can gain entry. Focusing on both the global forces that shape local landscapes and the exclusion that segregates American urban development, the book shows the tensions at work as the neighborhood's residents mobilized to influence reconstruction plans. The book reveals previously unseen conflicts over the redevelopment of Lower Manhattan, providing a new understanding of the ongoing, reciprocal relationship between social conflicts and the spaces they both inhabit and create.Less
The collapse of the World Trade Center shattered windows across the street in Battery Park City, throwing the neighborhood into darkness and smothering homes in debris. Residents fled. In the months and years after they returned, they worked to restore their community. Until September 11, Battery Park City had been a secluded, wealthy enclave just west of Wall Street, one with all the opulence of the surrounding corporate headquarters yet with a gated, suburban feel. After the towers fell it became the most visible neighborhood in New York City. This book examines both the struggles and shortcomings of one of the city's wealthiest neighborhoods. In doing so, it discovers the vibrant exclusivity that makes Battery Park City an unmatched place to live for the few who can gain entry. Focusing on both the global forces that shape local landscapes and the exclusion that segregates American urban development, the book shows the tensions at work as the neighborhood's residents mobilized to influence reconstruction plans. The book reveals previously unseen conflicts over the redevelopment of Lower Manhattan, providing a new understanding of the ongoing, reciprocal relationship between social conflicts and the spaces they both inhabit and create.
Jessica DuLong
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- September 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501759123
- eISBN:
- 9781501759130
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501759123.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter describes how, after both towers of the World Trade Center fell, Lower Manhattan had become an achromatic world churning with dust and paper. Desperate, ashy people pressed up against ...
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This chapter describes how, after both towers of the World Trade Center fell, Lower Manhattan had become an achromatic world churning with dust and paper. Desperate, ashy people pressed up against the railings along the water's edge. Though “a sea of boats” had already rallied — tugs, tenders, ferries, and more, pushing into slips and against the seawall to rescue as many as they could — more boats were needed. Now, just before 10:45 a.m., the Coast Guard formalized the rescue work already under way by officially calling for a full-scale evacuation of Lower Manhattan. At 11:02 a.m., the Coast Guard's evacuation calls were echoed by New York City's then mayor, Rudolph Giuliani. At this point, the mission grew exponentially. Now it was not only those caught in the immediate aftermath that needed transportation, but “everyone south of Canal Street.” In fact, workers were streaming out of buildings much farther north than Canal, all looking for a way home. While these people might not have been in immediate danger — though even that was unclear, given that the extent of the attacks was still unknown — they were still stranded, disoriented, and reeling.Less
This chapter describes how, after both towers of the World Trade Center fell, Lower Manhattan had become an achromatic world churning with dust and paper. Desperate, ashy people pressed up against the railings along the water's edge. Though “a sea of boats” had already rallied — tugs, tenders, ferries, and more, pushing into slips and against the seawall to rescue as many as they could — more boats were needed. Now, just before 10:45 a.m., the Coast Guard formalized the rescue work already under way by officially calling for a full-scale evacuation of Lower Manhattan. At 11:02 a.m., the Coast Guard's evacuation calls were echoed by New York City's then mayor, Rudolph Giuliani. At this point, the mission grew exponentially. Now it was not only those caught in the immediate aftermath that needed transportation, but “everyone south of Canal Street.” In fact, workers were streaming out of buildings much farther north than Canal, all looking for a way home. While these people might not have been in immediate danger — though even that was unclear, given that the extent of the attacks was still unknown — they were still stranded, disoriented, and reeling.
Jessica DuLong
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- September 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501759123
- eISBN:
- 9781501759130
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501759123.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter highlights the experiences of mariners during the waterborne evacuation after the 9/11 attacks. On the morning of September 11, mariners brought specialized capacities to all manner of ...
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This chapter highlights the experiences of mariners during the waterborne evacuation after the 9/11 attacks. On the morning of September 11, mariners brought specialized capacities to all manner of diverse tasks. The on-the-fly, solution-oriented approach — along with the steadfast willingness to help — proved invaluable on that grim and forbidding day. By late morning, an armada of different vessels, from dinner yachts to tour boats to tugs, had responded to the disaster unfolding in Lower Manhattan. Hearing the pronouncement that a full-scale evacuation was now under way eliminated any doubts Spirit Cruises Operations Director Greg Hanchrow might have had about filling the Spirit Cruises dinner boats with passengers. In some respects these vessels, designed to load and offload large numbers of people quickly and efficiently, could not have been more perfect for the mission. Wondering where he could disembark so many people, Hanchrow called the general manager of the Lincoln Harbor Yacht Club in New Jersey, Gerard Rokosz, whom he had known for years, and learned that the New York Circle Line Sightseeing Yachts had already begun ferrying passengers to that location.Less
This chapter highlights the experiences of mariners during the waterborne evacuation after the 9/11 attacks. On the morning of September 11, mariners brought specialized capacities to all manner of diverse tasks. The on-the-fly, solution-oriented approach — along with the steadfast willingness to help — proved invaluable on that grim and forbidding day. By late morning, an armada of different vessels, from dinner yachts to tour boats to tugs, had responded to the disaster unfolding in Lower Manhattan. Hearing the pronouncement that a full-scale evacuation was now under way eliminated any doubts Spirit Cruises Operations Director Greg Hanchrow might have had about filling the Spirit Cruises dinner boats with passengers. In some respects these vessels, designed to load and offload large numbers of people quickly and efficiently, could not have been more perfect for the mission. Wondering where he could disembark so many people, Hanchrow called the general manager of the Lincoln Harbor Yacht Club in New Jersey, Gerard Rokosz, whom he had known for years, and learned that the New York Circle Line Sightseeing Yachts had already begun ferrying passengers to that location.
Jessica DuLong
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- September 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501759123
- eISBN:
- 9781501759130
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501759123.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the transportation shutdowns that quickly ricocheted out beyond the New York area following the attacks of 9/11. Each subsequent event amplified the crisis unfolding at the ...
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This chapter examines the transportation shutdowns that quickly ricocheted out beyond the New York area following the attacks of 9/11. Each subsequent event amplified the crisis unfolding at the World Trade Center, intensifying the fear and panic and increasing the numbers of people directly caught up in the catastrophe. With the avalanche of toxic dust and debris came terror. Bridges and tunnels were closed, streets were clogged with stalled traffic, and no trains were moving. Suddenly, hundreds of thousands of visitors, residents, and commuters found themselves trapped in Lower Manhattan, struggling to grasp what was happening and trying to answer one question: How could they get off the island? Passengers then arrived in waves at the World Financial Center ferry terminal.Less
This chapter examines the transportation shutdowns that quickly ricocheted out beyond the New York area following the attacks of 9/11. Each subsequent event amplified the crisis unfolding at the World Trade Center, intensifying the fear and panic and increasing the numbers of people directly caught up in the catastrophe. With the avalanche of toxic dust and debris came terror. Bridges and tunnels were closed, streets were clogged with stalled traffic, and no trains were moving. Suddenly, hundreds of thousands of visitors, residents, and commuters found themselves trapped in Lower Manhattan, struggling to grasp what was happening and trying to answer one question: How could they get off the island? Passengers then arrived in waves at the World Financial Center ferry terminal.
Mical Raz
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469608877
- eISBN:
- 9781469612669
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469608877.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly ...
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This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly attempted to counter the perceived sensory deprivation caused by the “impoverished environment” of poor black homes as well as maternal deprivation attributed to inadequate mothers. It evaluates compensatory education programs developed in the early 1960s and then turns to Mobilization for Youth, a community action program active in the early and mid–1960s on Manhattan's Lower East Side.Less
This chapter focuses on the translation of deprivation into practical intervention programs targeting children from low-income African American homes. It notes that these programs explicitly attempted to counter the perceived sensory deprivation caused by the “impoverished environment” of poor black homes as well as maternal deprivation attributed to inadequate mothers. It evaluates compensatory education programs developed in the early 1960s and then turns to Mobilization for Youth, a community action program active in the early and mid–1960s on Manhattan's Lower East Side.