Donald W. Shriver, Jr.
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195151534
- eISBN:
- 9780199785056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151534.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter celebrates public occasions and measures in recent years where the American government and citizens’ groups acknowledged national “misdeeds” in international relations, especially in its ...
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This chapter celebrates public occasions and measures in recent years where the American government and citizens’ groups acknowledged national “misdeeds” in international relations, especially in its wars. The chapter begins with the 1998 Pentagon award of three soldiers’ medals to the helicopter crewmen who sought to call the My Lai massacre to a halt. It then describes recent presidential apologies for American failures to curb massacres in Bosnia and Rwanda. The author then nominates some still-to-be-acknowledged occasions for repentance in this country’s recent international affairs: the civilian-bombings of World War II, failures of public leaders to mourn — or even to count — the deaths of enemies in war, and the arrogance of American claims to global “full spectrum dominance”. The chapter concludes with pleas that America listen more carefully to its friendly critics in other countries, especially the two countries with which the book began: Germany and South Africa.Less
This chapter celebrates public occasions and measures in recent years where the American government and citizens’ groups acknowledged national “misdeeds” in international relations, especially in its wars. The chapter begins with the 1998 Pentagon award of three soldiers’ medals to the helicopter crewmen who sought to call the My Lai massacre to a halt. It then describes recent presidential apologies for American failures to curb massacres in Bosnia and Rwanda. The author then nominates some still-to-be-acknowledged occasions for repentance in this country’s recent international affairs: the civilian-bombings of World War II, failures of public leaders to mourn — or even to count — the deaths of enemies in war, and the arrogance of American claims to global “full spectrum dominance”. The chapter concludes with pleas that America listen more carefully to its friendly critics in other countries, especially the two countries with which the book began: Germany and South Africa.
Heonik Kwon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247963
- eISBN:
- 9780520939653
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247963.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
Though a generation has passed since the massacre of civilians at My Lai, the legacy of this tragedy continues to reverberate throughout Vietnam and the rest of the world. This engrossing study ...
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Though a generation has passed since the massacre of civilians at My Lai, the legacy of this tragedy continues to reverberate throughout Vietnam and the rest of the world. This engrossing study considers how Vietnamese villagers in My Lai and Ha My—a village where South Korean troops committed an equally appalling, though less well-known, massacre of unarmed civilians—assimilate the catastrophe of these mass deaths into their everyday ritual life. Based on a detailed study of local history and moral practices, this book focuses on the particular context of domestic life in which the Vietnamese villagers lived. The book explains what intimate ritual actions can tell us about the history of mass violence and the global bipolar politics that caused it. It highlights the aesthetics of Vietnamese commemorative rituals and the morality of their practical actions to liberate the spirits from their grievous history of death. The book brings these important practices into a critical dialogue with dominant sociological theories of death and symbolic transformation.Less
Though a generation has passed since the massacre of civilians at My Lai, the legacy of this tragedy continues to reverberate throughout Vietnam and the rest of the world. This engrossing study considers how Vietnamese villagers in My Lai and Ha My—a village where South Korean troops committed an equally appalling, though less well-known, massacre of unarmed civilians—assimilate the catastrophe of these mass deaths into their everyday ritual life. Based on a detailed study of local history and moral practices, this book focuses on the particular context of domestic life in which the Vietnamese villagers lived. The book explains what intimate ritual actions can tell us about the history of mass violence and the global bipolar politics that caused it. It highlights the aesthetics of Vietnamese commemorative rituals and the morality of their practical actions to liberate the spirits from their grievous history of death. The book brings these important practices into a critical dialogue with dominant sociological theories of death and symbolic transformation.
Stephen C. Angle
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195385144
- eISBN:
- 9780199869756
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385144.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter argues that we can use “virtue” as what Aaron Stalnaker has called a “bridge concept” to facilitate comparative dialogue between Neo-Confucian discussions centered around “de” and ...
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This chapter argues that we can use “virtue” as what Aaron Stalnaker has called a “bridge concept” to facilitate comparative dialogue between Neo-Confucian discussions centered around “de” and current work in virtue ethics. The chapter traces early uses and theories concerning de, drawing on the work of Chinese scholars like Chen Lai and others. It then turns to a detailed look at uses of de in Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming, and explicates the relation between de—which functions very much like “virtue” functions in Western philosophies—and other key ideas like coherence (li), heart-mind (xin), and humaneness (ren). The chapter also looks at the role of rules in a virtue-based ethics. On the basis of this analysis, the chapter concludes that Neo-Confucianism is a virtue ethics.Less
This chapter argues that we can use “virtue” as what Aaron Stalnaker has called a “bridge concept” to facilitate comparative dialogue between Neo-Confucian discussions centered around “de” and current work in virtue ethics. The chapter traces early uses and theories concerning de, drawing on the work of Chinese scholars like Chen Lai and others. It then turns to a detailed look at uses of de in Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming, and explicates the relation between de—which functions very much like “virtue” functions in Western philosophies—and other key ideas like coherence (li), heart-mind (xin), and humaneness (ren). The chapter also looks at the role of rules in a virtue-based ethics. On the basis of this analysis, the chapter concludes that Neo-Confucianism is a virtue ethics.
Mark Salber Phillips
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300140378
- eISBN:
- 9780300195255
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300140378.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, Historiography
This chapter analyzes the historical aspects of the death notices for Hugh Thompson, the American helicopter pilot who put a stop to the massacre of Vietnamese civilians at My Lai. It suggests that ...
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This chapter analyzes the historical aspects of the death notices for Hugh Thompson, the American helicopter pilot who put a stop to the massacre of Vietnamese civilians at My Lai. It suggests that while the obituarists attempted to recover some sense of humanity in Thompson's life, their flat accounts did little to illuminate the source of his courageous resistance or explain the brutalities perpetrated by the men in Charlie Company at the My Lai Massacre. This chapter also suggests that histories of whatever genre can never escape the limitations of representation to become history as such.Less
This chapter analyzes the historical aspects of the death notices for Hugh Thompson, the American helicopter pilot who put a stop to the massacre of Vietnamese civilians at My Lai. It suggests that while the obituarists attempted to recover some sense of humanity in Thompson's life, their flat accounts did little to illuminate the source of his courageous resistance or explain the brutalities perpetrated by the men in Charlie Company at the My Lai Massacre. This chapter also suggests that histories of whatever genre can never escape the limitations of representation to become history as such.
Jill Mann
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199217687
- eISBN:
- 9780191712371
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199217687.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, European Literature
The Fables of Marie de France, the oldest fable collection in the vernacular, elevate the fable from its traditional role as a school‐room text to a work of courtly entertainment. Engaging with Hans ...
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The Fables of Marie de France, the oldest fable collection in the vernacular, elevate the fable from its traditional role as a school‐room text to a work of courtly entertainment. Engaging with Hans Robert Jauss's claim that Marie's fables are infused with feudal values, this chapter discusses loyalty, treachery, honour, shame, lordship, and vileinie as naturally embedded features of Marie's fable world, and the degree to which it is committed to notions of social hierarchy and the status quo. However, it goes on to show that the fables also endorse self‐reliance, cunning, and mistrust of others, and so remain true to the traditional experiential, non‐systematic, wisdom of fable. The function of animals in Marie's Lais is contrasted with their role in the Fables, with especial reference to the contrasting notions of counsel (‘cunseil’) in each. The final section considers the ironic relation between the female author and the female deities who govern the animal world in the Fables.Less
The Fables of Marie de France, the oldest fable collection in the vernacular, elevate the fable from its traditional role as a school‐room text to a work of courtly entertainment. Engaging with Hans Robert Jauss's claim that Marie's fables are infused with feudal values, this chapter discusses loyalty, treachery, honour, shame, lordship, and vileinie as naturally embedded features of Marie's fable world, and the degree to which it is committed to notions of social hierarchy and the status quo. However, it goes on to show that the fables also endorse self‐reliance, cunning, and mistrust of others, and so remain true to the traditional experiential, non‐systematic, wisdom of fable. The function of animals in Marie's Lais is contrasted with their role in the Fables, with especial reference to the contrasting notions of counsel (‘cunseil’) in each. The final section considers the ironic relation between the female author and the female deities who govern the animal world in the Fables.
Glenn Robins
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813143231
- eISBN:
- 9780813144450
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813143231.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
On 20 September 1965 Airman First Class Bill Robinson, a helicopter mechanic, was shot down in North Vietnam while serving as a crew chief aboard a U.S. Air Force rescue helicopter. He spent more ...
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On 20 September 1965 Airman First Class Bill Robinson, a helicopter mechanic, was shot down in North Vietnam while serving as a crew chief aboard a U.S. Air Force rescue helicopter. He spent more than seven and a half years in multiple North Vietnamese prison camps, including the Briarpatch and the various compounds at Cu Loc, known by the prisoners as the Zoo. For his actions in Vietnam Robinson received the Air Cross, one of only twenty-three enlisted men ever to earn that honor, and no enlisted man in American military history has been held longer as a prisoner of war than Bill Robinson. The book presents a detailed account of Robinson's early years and devotes substantial coverage to his postrelease life. In this examination a clearer picture emerges of the place of Vietnam POWs in history and memory; the personal angle better explains the difficult adjustment many POWs faced upon their return home. The book also uses the enlisted man's perspective of the Vietnam POW story and looks beyond the clichéd Hanoi Hilton narrative of captivity by focusing on the equally important but less well-known prison camps of the North.Less
On 20 September 1965 Airman First Class Bill Robinson, a helicopter mechanic, was shot down in North Vietnam while serving as a crew chief aboard a U.S. Air Force rescue helicopter. He spent more than seven and a half years in multiple North Vietnamese prison camps, including the Briarpatch and the various compounds at Cu Loc, known by the prisoners as the Zoo. For his actions in Vietnam Robinson received the Air Cross, one of only twenty-three enlisted men ever to earn that honor, and no enlisted man in American military history has been held longer as a prisoner of war than Bill Robinson. The book presents a detailed account of Robinson's early years and devotes substantial coverage to his postrelease life. In this examination a clearer picture emerges of the place of Vietnam POWs in history and memory; the personal angle better explains the difficult adjustment many POWs faced upon their return home. The book also uses the enlisted man's perspective of the Vietnam POW story and looks beyond the clichéd Hanoi Hilton narrative of captivity by focusing on the equally important but less well-known prison camps of the North.
Erin B. Mee
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199586196
- eISBN:
- 9780191728754
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586196.003.0005
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter focuses on two productions of Antigone in Manipur, a police state in North-East India: a 1995 production directed by Nongthombam Premchand, and a 2004 production directed by Kshetrimayum ...
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This chapter focuses on two productions of Antigone in Manipur, a police state in North-East India: a 1995 production directed by Nongthombam Premchand, and a 2004 production directed by Kshetrimayum Jugindro Singh. In these productions Antigone is about the conflict between regional autonomy and national stability. These productions have been used to articulate, celebrate, and perform ‘Manipuri’ culture, and to establish a regional identity that is distinct from, if not in opposition to, the national identity and culture imposed on Manipur's citizens by the Indian government. As such, they mount both a cultural and political resistance to the national government. In Manipur, the act of staging Antigone is itself an Antigone-like act of defiance against the state, thus a production of Antigone in Manipur is not simply a story about a political act; it is itself a political act.Less
This chapter focuses on two productions of Antigone in Manipur, a police state in North-East India: a 1995 production directed by Nongthombam Premchand, and a 2004 production directed by Kshetrimayum Jugindro Singh. In these productions Antigone is about the conflict between regional autonomy and national stability. These productions have been used to articulate, celebrate, and perform ‘Manipuri’ culture, and to establish a regional identity that is distinct from, if not in opposition to, the national identity and culture imposed on Manipur's citizens by the Indian government. As such, they mount both a cultural and political resistance to the national government. In Manipur, the act of staging Antigone is itself an Antigone-like act of defiance against the state, thus a production of Antigone in Manipur is not simply a story about a political act; it is itself a political act.
Heonik Kwon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247963
- eISBN:
- 9780520939653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247963.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter provides an account of the gigantic human catastrophe that devastated Vietnam in the second half of the 1960s, due to the Ha My and My Lai massacres. The connectedness of these incidents ...
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This chapter provides an account of the gigantic human catastrophe that devastated Vietnam in the second half of the 1960s, due to the Ha My and My Lai massacres. The connectedness of these incidents was not limited to the dynamic theater of a territorial war but also had a global dimension. The crimes were inseparable from the bipolar geopolitical structure and the interstate network dominant at the time of the Cold War. The postwar state hierarchy of Vietnam promoted the worship of the heroic war dead to a civic religion and, in doing so, demoted the traditional culture of death commemoration. A generation after the end of the war, the political economy of memory is now changing in Vietnam. The people of Ha My and My Lai are now engaged in renovating the places of the dead, as a part of “the commemorative fever.”Less
This chapter provides an account of the gigantic human catastrophe that devastated Vietnam in the second half of the 1960s, due to the Ha My and My Lai massacres. The connectedness of these incidents was not limited to the dynamic theater of a territorial war but also had a global dimension. The crimes were inseparable from the bipolar geopolitical structure and the interstate network dominant at the time of the Cold War. The postwar state hierarchy of Vietnam promoted the worship of the heroic war dead to a civic religion and, in doing so, demoted the traditional culture of death commemoration. A generation after the end of the war, the political economy of memory is now changing in Vietnam. The people of Ha My and My Lai are now engaged in renovating the places of the dead, as a part of “the commemorative fever.”
Heonik Kwon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247963
- eISBN:
- 9780520939653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247963.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
The Vietnamese perception of the world incorporates the awareness that the life of the dead is intertwined with that of the living, and that the Vietnamese idealize a harmonious relationship between ...
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The Vietnamese perception of the world incorporates the awareness that the life of the dead is intertwined with that of the living, and that the Vietnamese idealize a harmonious relationship between the two forms of life. The morality of death, in modern history, cannot be considered independently from the history of mass death. In Ha My and My Lai, mass death was a central episode in family and village history. The war in Vietnam resulted in high numbers of displaced, troubled, and ritually “uncontrolled deaths.” This chapter examines the implications of the conceptual polarity for the memory of mass death. To illustrate this, it discusses relevant sociological theories about death symbolism. Furthermore, it highlights the two-sided commemorative ritual practice, and relates it to the idea of “symbolic ambidexterity” proposed by Robert Hertz. Finally, it considers its practical implications and theoretical significance against the background of the moral symbolic hierarchy of death.Less
The Vietnamese perception of the world incorporates the awareness that the life of the dead is intertwined with that of the living, and that the Vietnamese idealize a harmonious relationship between the two forms of life. The morality of death, in modern history, cannot be considered independently from the history of mass death. In Ha My and My Lai, mass death was a central episode in family and village history. The war in Vietnam resulted in high numbers of displaced, troubled, and ritually “uncontrolled deaths.” This chapter examines the implications of the conceptual polarity for the memory of mass death. To illustrate this, it discusses relevant sociological theories about death symbolism. Furthermore, it highlights the two-sided commemorative ritual practice, and relates it to the idea of “symbolic ambidexterity” proposed by Robert Hertz. Finally, it considers its practical implications and theoretical significance against the background of the moral symbolic hierarchy of death.
Heonik Kwon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247963
- eISBN:
- 9780520939653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247963.003.0003
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter introduces a brief history of Ha My and My Lai with a focus on the historical situation of the village being turned inside out by the violent forces of the Cold War. The abstraction of ...
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This chapter introduces a brief history of Ha My and My Lai with a focus on the historical situation of the village being turned inside out by the violent forces of the Cold War. The abstraction of total war had to be weighed against concrete needs for survival, and this painful negotiation was a genuine people's struggle in the streets during the violent Cold War. This paradigm of the people's war also became a reality, with tragic consequences, to some of those who fought against the paradigm. Following this, the chapter discusses the history of the village's ancestral temples and their fluctuation between being positive and negative moral symbols as a way of situating the political history within the spectrum of local norms. Even post Cold War, the political identity of the people could not be settled and they had to deal with the consequences of the war.Less
This chapter introduces a brief history of Ha My and My Lai with a focus on the historical situation of the village being turned inside out by the violent forces of the Cold War. The abstraction of total war had to be weighed against concrete needs for survival, and this painful negotiation was a genuine people's struggle in the streets during the violent Cold War. This paradigm of the people's war also became a reality, with tragic consequences, to some of those who fought against the paradigm. Following this, the chapter discusses the history of the village's ancestral temples and their fluctuation between being positive and negative moral symbols as a way of situating the political history within the spectrum of local norms. Even post Cold War, the political identity of the people could not be settled and they had to deal with the consequences of the war.
Heonik Kwon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247963
- eISBN:
- 9780520939653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247963.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
In Vietnam, household death-commemoration rites are a rich store of historical evidence. The domestic ritual calendars in places like My Lai and Ha My offer a panoramic view of the fluctuating ...
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In Vietnam, household death-commemoration rites are a rich store of historical evidence. The domestic ritual calendars in places like My Lai and Ha My offer a panoramic view of the fluctuating production of violent death in past generations. People gathered after the Ha My and My Lai wars to share their sorrow and joy, a generation after the war. The end of a generation of separation involved many people and opened up a new perspective on reality. Above all, it meant the restoration of the right to approach the life-world as an encompassing reality that includes afterlife as well as life. The Ha My villagers began to improve their domestic environment, and they started by renovating the dwelling places of their dead relatives. The modernization of village life was initiated in both cosmological terrains, and the vision of a prosperous future materialized first in the place of the dead.Less
In Vietnam, household death-commemoration rites are a rich store of historical evidence. The domestic ritual calendars in places like My Lai and Ha My offer a panoramic view of the fluctuating production of violent death in past generations. People gathered after the Ha My and My Lai wars to share their sorrow and joy, a generation after the war. The end of a generation of separation involved many people and opened up a new perspective on reality. Above all, it meant the restoration of the right to approach the life-world as an encompassing reality that includes afterlife as well as life. The Ha My villagers began to improve their domestic environment, and they started by renovating the dwelling places of their dead relatives. The modernization of village life was initiated in both cosmological terrains, and the vision of a prosperous future materialized first in the place of the dead.
Peter Zinoman
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520224124
- eISBN:
- 9780520925175
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520224124.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter examines a handful of the best-documented prison revolts in French Indochina prior to 1930 to illustrate some of the reasons for the profound instability of the colonial prison system. ...
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This chapter examines a handful of the best-documented prison revolts in French Indochina prior to 1930 to illustrate some of the reasons for the profound instability of the colonial prison system. It explains that the rebellion on Poulo Condore in 1890 shows how grievances against the legal system played a catalytic role in revolts and that the uprisings in Poulo Condore in 1918 and Lai Chau in 1927 illustrate the explosive combination of autocratic management and the rapid turnover of prison directors. It also discusses the reasons for external attacks on prisons.Less
This chapter examines a handful of the best-documented prison revolts in French Indochina prior to 1930 to illustrate some of the reasons for the profound instability of the colonial prison system. It explains that the rebellion on Poulo Condore in 1890 shows how grievances against the legal system played a catalytic role in revolts and that the uprisings in Poulo Condore in 1918 and Lai Chau in 1927 illustrate the explosive combination of autocratic management and the rapid turnover of prison directors. It also discusses the reasons for external attacks on prisons.
Lan Dong
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496815064
- eISBN:
- 9781496815101
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496815064.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
Using Donna Gabaccia’s theory on the intersection between ethnic food and ethnic American identity as a point of entry, this chapter examines how Bich Minh Nguyen’s Stealing Buddha’s Dinner and ...
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Using Donna Gabaccia’s theory on the intersection between ethnic food and ethnic American identity as a point of entry, this chapter examines how Bich Minh Nguyen’s Stealing Buddha’s Dinner and Thanhha Lai’s Inside Out & Back Again complicate the reader’s understanding of the narrators’ bi- and multi-cultural heritage through their families’ culinary practice; how food signifies the effects of migration on the narrators’ girlhood as well as their families; how different cultural and ethnic elements, particularly exemplified by a mixed variety of food, affect the narrators’ growing up in Michigan and Alabama, respectively; and, how food relates to the narrators’ Vietnamese American identity. Writing about the eater and what they eat in their childhoods, the narrators document how alimentary racism affects their evolving eating habits and how they overcome and creolize such discourses within their bildungsromans.Less
Using Donna Gabaccia’s theory on the intersection between ethnic food and ethnic American identity as a point of entry, this chapter examines how Bich Minh Nguyen’s Stealing Buddha’s Dinner and Thanhha Lai’s Inside Out & Back Again complicate the reader’s understanding of the narrators’ bi- and multi-cultural heritage through their families’ culinary practice; how food signifies the effects of migration on the narrators’ girlhood as well as their families; how different cultural and ethnic elements, particularly exemplified by a mixed variety of food, affect the narrators’ growing up in Michigan and Alabama, respectively; and, how food relates to the narrators’ Vietnamese American identity. Writing about the eater and what they eat in their childhoods, the narrators document how alimentary racism affects their evolving eating habits and how they overcome and creolize such discourses within their bildungsromans.
Larry May
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804787420
- eISBN:
- 9780804788861
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804787420.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Comparative Law
Larry May’s chapter is concerned with the relationship between jus ad bellum and jus in bello and attempts to offer a unified response to two seemingly disparate questions: When should war crimes ...
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Larry May’s chapter is concerned with the relationship between jus ad bellum and jus in bello and attempts to offer a unified response to two seemingly disparate questions: When should war crimes trials be staged? Who can be held liable for violations of jus ad bellum? Schooled on the Nuremberg precedent, we tend to think of war crimes trials as post hoc phenomena, staged in the aftermath of war. But as May points out, this need not be the case; May finds a potent example in the My Lai massacre and the trial of William Calley that ensued. Despite its anomalous features, the Calley trial stands as an example of a war crimes trial staged in the midst of ongoing hostilities. As the struggle against global terror has destabilized the very distinction between conditions of war and peace we might expect to see more Calley-like trials in the future.Less
Larry May’s chapter is concerned with the relationship between jus ad bellum and jus in bello and attempts to offer a unified response to two seemingly disparate questions: When should war crimes trials be staged? Who can be held liable for violations of jus ad bellum? Schooled on the Nuremberg precedent, we tend to think of war crimes trials as post hoc phenomena, staged in the aftermath of war. But as May points out, this need not be the case; May finds a potent example in the My Lai massacre and the trial of William Calley that ensued. Despite its anomalous features, the Calley trial stands as an example of a war crimes trial staged in the midst of ongoing hostilities. As the struggle against global terror has destabilized the very distinction between conditions of war and peace we might expect to see more Calley-like trials in the future.
John Tirman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780195381214
- eISBN:
- 9780190252373
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780195381214.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter focuses on the atrocities committed by U.S. troops against civilians during the wars in Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq. More specifically, it examines the murderous misconduct by U.S. soldiers ...
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This chapter focuses on the atrocities committed by U.S. troops against civilians during the wars in Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq. More specifically, it examines the murderous misconduct by U.S. soldiers in No Gun Ri in Korea, My Lai in Vietnam, and Haditha in Iraq. It also considers how the rules of engagement affected civilian life. Finally, it assesses the attitude of the U.S. government and the American public toward such atrocities.Less
This chapter focuses on the atrocities committed by U.S. troops against civilians during the wars in Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq. More specifically, it examines the murderous misconduct by U.S. soldiers in No Gun Ri in Korea, My Lai in Vietnam, and Haditha in Iraq. It also considers how the rules of engagement affected civilian life. Finally, it assesses the attitude of the U.S. government and the American public toward such atrocities.
Andrew D. Morris
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520262799
- eISBN:
- 9780520947603
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520262799.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
The Taiwanese talent when it comes to baseball succeeded at the professional level in the 1990s. This was the first time this happened since Taiwanese players joined Japan's professional leagues in ...
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The Taiwanese talent when it comes to baseball succeeded at the professional level in the 1990s. This was the first time this happened since Taiwanese players joined Japan's professional leagues in the 1930s and 1940s. American major league teams were tempted by the talented players coming of age in Taiwan. The Cincinnati Reds tried for years to obtain the rights to Engjey Kao and Lai-hua Lee, known as the finest pitcher-catcher battery ever produced in Taiwan. Kao and Lee would become the first Taiwanese players in three decades to retrace the steps of several of their Jiayi elders and play professionally in Japan.Less
The Taiwanese talent when it comes to baseball succeeded at the professional level in the 1990s. This was the first time this happened since Taiwanese players joined Japan's professional leagues in the 1930s and 1940s. American major league teams were tempted by the talented players coming of age in Taiwan. The Cincinnati Reds tried for years to obtain the rights to Engjey Kao and Lai-hua Lee, known as the finest pitcher-catcher battery ever produced in Taiwan. Kao and Lee would become the first Taiwanese players in three decades to retrace the steps of several of their Jiayi elders and play professionally in Japan.
SanSan Kwan
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199921515
- eISBN:
- 9780199980390
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199921515.003.0004
- Subject:
- Music, Dance, Ethnomusicology, World Music
Chapter two experiences the urban terrain of Hong Kong as a kinesthetic dramatization of Hong Kong's unsteady relationship to Chineseness. Through a somatic mapping of the city the chapter examines ...
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Chapter two experiences the urban terrain of Hong Kong as a kinesthetic dramatization of Hong Kong's unsteady relationship to Chineseness. Through a somatic mapping of the city the chapter examines Hong Kong's particular postcolonial predicament — its return to the mainland after 100 years of British rule — and attendant cultural identity crisis. As a place through which things and people from every direction cross and recross, Hong Kong sometimes seems like a place without any actual land, just an intricate network of transit systems in kinetic suspension. The chapter explores a dance piece called Revolutionary Pekinese Opera (1997) by City Contemporary Dance Company and a series of public protests by the spiritual group Falun Gong, both of which occurred around the time of Hong Kong's handover to China. Both choreographies reveal Hong Kongers' efforts to apprehend the city during a time of uncertainty. The chapter argues that both the dance piece and the protests served as critiques of the forces of global capitalist flow that tend to motivate the everyday choreography of the streets of Hong Kong. At the moment of the handover these two choreographies strove to make visible the bodies handed over through this transfer of sovereignty. This chapter suggests that alternate kinetic forces can work to inject blips, stutters, and stillness into a habitus otherwise dominated by free flow.Less
Chapter two experiences the urban terrain of Hong Kong as a kinesthetic dramatization of Hong Kong's unsteady relationship to Chineseness. Through a somatic mapping of the city the chapter examines Hong Kong's particular postcolonial predicament — its return to the mainland after 100 years of British rule — and attendant cultural identity crisis. As a place through which things and people from every direction cross and recross, Hong Kong sometimes seems like a place without any actual land, just an intricate network of transit systems in kinetic suspension. The chapter explores a dance piece called Revolutionary Pekinese Opera (1997) by City Contemporary Dance Company and a series of public protests by the spiritual group Falun Gong, both of which occurred around the time of Hong Kong's handover to China. Both choreographies reveal Hong Kongers' efforts to apprehend the city during a time of uncertainty. The chapter argues that both the dance piece and the protests served as critiques of the forces of global capitalist flow that tend to motivate the everyday choreography of the streets of Hong Kong. At the moment of the handover these two choreographies strove to make visible the bodies handed over through this transfer of sovereignty. This chapter suggests that alternate kinetic forces can work to inject blips, stutters, and stillness into a habitus otherwise dominated by free flow.
Gary D. Solis
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199379774
- eISBN:
- 9780190690977
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199379774.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Comparative Politics
Throughout the US-Vietnam conflict (1965–1973), American forces labored to comply with the Geneva Conventions and customary laws of war, though US war crimes largely overshadowed those efforts. This ...
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Throughout the US-Vietnam conflict (1965–1973), American forces labored to comply with the Geneva Conventions and customary laws of war, though US war crimes largely overshadowed those efforts. This chapter relates the training US forces received on the law of war and describes how military lawyers practiced law “in country.” US combatants were constantly directed to report war crimes, known or suspected. Too often those directives were not obeyed. My Lai is fully examined, including its badly failed military prosecutions. Disturbing post-trial clemency by civilian authorities, in many cases, is also detailed. On the whole, however, the sentences of US personnel convicted by courts-martial of war crimes were sincere efforts to appropriately punish battlefield criminality. This chapter argues that, under difficult conditions, US military efforts in Vietnam to comply with the Geneva Conventions, and to punish known US war crimes, were more genuine and effective than have been generally recognized.Less
Throughout the US-Vietnam conflict (1965–1973), American forces labored to comply with the Geneva Conventions and customary laws of war, though US war crimes largely overshadowed those efforts. This chapter relates the training US forces received on the law of war and describes how military lawyers practiced law “in country.” US combatants were constantly directed to report war crimes, known or suspected. Too often those directives were not obeyed. My Lai is fully examined, including its badly failed military prosecutions. Disturbing post-trial clemency by civilian authorities, in many cases, is also detailed. On the whole, however, the sentences of US personnel convicted by courts-martial of war crimes were sincere efforts to appropriately punish battlefield criminality. This chapter argues that, under difficult conditions, US military efforts in Vietnam to comply with the Geneva Conventions, and to punish known US war crimes, were more genuine and effective than have been generally recognized.
Nanxiu Qian
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780804792400
- eISBN:
- 9780804794275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804792400.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
One of the major themes of the 1898 reforms was women’s education, yet for leading male reformers women’s issues tended to be subordinated to larger nationalistic concerns. They expected women to ...
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One of the major themes of the 1898 reforms was women’s education, yet for leading male reformers women’s issues tended to be subordinated to larger nationalistic concerns. They expected women to abandon their age-long intellectual adherence to the writing-women tradition and turn to more pragmatic professional training, so as to change “useless” women into laborers to empower the nation. In contrast, women reformers gave priority to self-improvement over national empowerment, as exemplified in the 1898 Shanghai campaign for women’s education. The campaign established the first women’s association in China (Nü xuehui), published the first Chinese women’s journal (Nü xuebao), and opened the first Chinese school for young elite women (Nü xuetang), all run by women. Via this triad, women instigated debates on reform with men and among themselves to promote their own agenda, agency, organizations, and specific strategies for achieving self-cultivation and national strengthening.Less
One of the major themes of the 1898 reforms was women’s education, yet for leading male reformers women’s issues tended to be subordinated to larger nationalistic concerns. They expected women to abandon their age-long intellectual adherence to the writing-women tradition and turn to more pragmatic professional training, so as to change “useless” women into laborers to empower the nation. In contrast, women reformers gave priority to self-improvement over national empowerment, as exemplified in the 1898 Shanghai campaign for women’s education. The campaign established the first women’s association in China (Nü xuehui), published the first Chinese women’s journal (Nü xuebao), and opened the first Chinese school for young elite women (Nü xuetang), all run by women. Via this triad, women instigated debates on reform with men and among themselves to promote their own agenda, agency, organizations, and specific strategies for achieving self-cultivation and national strengthening.
Joseph A. Fry
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813161044
- eISBN:
- 9780813165486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813161044.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Southern soldiers served, died, and won Medals of Honor in numbers that appreciably exceeded Dixie’s share of the nation’s population. This chapter examines their motives for service, their wartime ...
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Southern soldiers served, died, and won Medals of Honor in numbers that appreciably exceeded Dixie’s share of the nation’s population. This chapter examines their motives for service, their wartime experiences, and their reflections on the war. This examination includes whites, blacks, Chicanos, men, and women. It also highlights the role of General William Westmoreland, the US commanding general from 1964 to 1968; the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Hal Moore at the battle of Ia Drang; the experience of the Bardstown, Kentucky, National Guard unit, one of the very few units activated during the war; the experience of Lieutenant William Calley and Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson, key participants during the My Lai Massacre; and the stories of two marines, Jim Webb and Gustav Hasford, both of whom wrote acclaimed novels based on their Vietnam service.Less
Southern soldiers served, died, and won Medals of Honor in numbers that appreciably exceeded Dixie’s share of the nation’s population. This chapter examines their motives for service, their wartime experiences, and their reflections on the war. This examination includes whites, blacks, Chicanos, men, and women. It also highlights the role of General William Westmoreland, the US commanding general from 1964 to 1968; the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Hal Moore at the battle of Ia Drang; the experience of the Bardstown, Kentucky, National Guard unit, one of the very few units activated during the war; the experience of Lieutenant William Calley and Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson, key participants during the My Lai Massacre; and the stories of two marines, Jim Webb and Gustav Hasford, both of whom wrote acclaimed novels based on their Vietnam service.
