David Miller
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198278641
- eISBN:
- 9780191599903
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198278640.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Could a market economy produce outcomes that meet our criteria of distributive justice? Some egalitarians, such as Carens, have proposed that markets should govern production but not distribution, ...
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Could a market economy produce outcomes that meet our criteria of distributive justice? Some egalitarians, such as Carens, have proposed that markets should govern production but not distribution, relying on moral incentives to motivate the producers, but this seems unrealistic. Instead, we can ask whether a suitably framed market might give people the income that they deserved, as measured by their productive contribution. A conception of economic desert is elaborated by considering various challenges to this proposal. The conclusion is that a market socialist economy can at least come close to achieving distributive justice.Less
Could a market economy produce outcomes that meet our criteria of distributive justice? Some egalitarians, such as Carens, have proposed that markets should govern production but not distribution, relying on moral incentives to motivate the producers, but this seems unrealistic. Instead, we can ask whether a suitably framed market might give people the income that they deserved, as measured by their productive contribution. A conception of economic desert is elaborated by considering various challenges to this proposal. The conclusion is that a market socialist economy can at least come close to achieving distributive justice.
Margaret Moore
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190222246
- eISBN:
- 9780190222260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190222246.003.0009
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy, General
This chapter considers the extent to which the self-determination argument, which justifies a people in exercising jurisdictional authority over territory, can be extended to justify those people in ...
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This chapter considers the extent to which the self-determination argument, which justifies a people in exercising jurisdictional authority over territory, can be extended to justify those people in exercising control over the flow of persons and goods across borders. It considers whether preventing people from entering a state (immigration control) is a violation of their rights to free movement and rights to subsistence. Whatever the legitimacy of the right to control borders, it has to be understood as at best a qualified right, since it has to be pursued in ways consistent with basic human rights. Richer political communities, it is argued, have obligations to ensure that basic entitlements of people to live a decent life are met, even if that does not amount to a direct argument for open borders.Less
This chapter considers the extent to which the self-determination argument, which justifies a people in exercising jurisdictional authority over territory, can be extended to justify those people in exercising control over the flow of persons and goods across borders. It considers whether preventing people from entering a state (immigration control) is a violation of their rights to free movement and rights to subsistence. Whatever the legitimacy of the right to control borders, it has to be understood as at best a qualified right, since it has to be pursued in ways consistent with basic human rights. Richer political communities, it is argued, have obligations to ensure that basic entitlements of people to live a decent life are met, even if that does not amount to a direct argument for open borders.
Dimitris Vardoulakis
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823277391
- eISBN:
- 9780823280636
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823277391.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This intermezzo applies the theory of judgment to the issue of refugees. It argues in particular against the position that the refugee issue is best served by exposing the ways in which violence is ...
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This intermezzo applies the theory of judgment to the issue of refugees. It argues in particular against the position that the refugee issue is best served by exposing the ways in which violence is justified instead of arguing for open borders.Less
This intermezzo applies the theory of judgment to the issue of refugees. It argues in particular against the position that the refugee issue is best served by exposing the ways in which violence is justified instead of arguing for open borders.
Christopher Heath Wellman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199731732
- eISBN:
- 9780190267490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199731732.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter considers the selection criteria used by some countries as part of their immigration policies. It challenges the idea that even if states have the right to exclude all outsiders, it does ...
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This chapter considers the selection criteria used by some countries as part of their immigration policies. It challenges the idea that even if states have the right to exclude all outsiders, it does not necessarily follow that they may screen applicants in any fashion they choose. To appreciate how problematic this issue is, the chapter examines the views of Michael Walzer, David Miller, Joseph Carens, and Michael Blake. It then attempts to explain the impermissibility of racist selection criteria by focusing how such a policy wrongs existing members. It also comments on the morality of actively recruiting immigrants, with reference to the practice of wealthy liberal democracies to court immigrants with specific skill sets that are particularly in demand. If a rich country continues to exclude the poor or recruit the skilled workers, this chapter argues that this state has a duty to provide adequate assistance via some other avenue.Less
This chapter considers the selection criteria used by some countries as part of their immigration policies. It challenges the idea that even if states have the right to exclude all outsiders, it does not necessarily follow that they may screen applicants in any fashion they choose. To appreciate how problematic this issue is, the chapter examines the views of Michael Walzer, David Miller, Joseph Carens, and Michael Blake. It then attempts to explain the impermissibility of racist selection criteria by focusing how such a policy wrongs existing members. It also comments on the morality of actively recruiting immigrants, with reference to the practice of wealthy liberal democracies to court immigrants with specific skill sets that are particularly in demand. If a rich country continues to exclude the poor or recruit the skilled workers, this chapter argues that this state has a duty to provide adequate assistance via some other avenue.
Yuval Jobani and Nahshon Perez
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- June 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190280444
- eISBN:
- 9780190280468
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190280444.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter analyzes the evenhandedness model, according to which the state remains unaffiliated with any given denomination. While the state does adopt a hands-on approach in which governmental ...
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This chapter analyzes the evenhandedness model, according to which the state remains unaffiliated with any given denomination. While the state does adopt a hands-on approach in which governmental resources are allocated to different religious denominations and groups, the allocation of resources is impartial. The chapter examines the evenhanded approach in general, and its applicability to thick sites and the Western Wall in particular. Critically, it focuses on two principled drawbacks of the evenhanded approach: first, an evenhanded approach to religious claims tends to lead to the adoption of end-result solutions that potentially violate religious freedoms, and second, the burden that this approach places on the government—to continually assess and respond to the demands of different groups—requires unjustifiable optimism with regard to the abilities of any governmental apparatus.Less
This chapter analyzes the evenhandedness model, according to which the state remains unaffiliated with any given denomination. While the state does adopt a hands-on approach in which governmental resources are allocated to different religious denominations and groups, the allocation of resources is impartial. The chapter examines the evenhanded approach in general, and its applicability to thick sites and the Western Wall in particular. Critically, it focuses on two principled drawbacks of the evenhanded approach: first, an evenhanded approach to religious claims tends to lead to the adoption of end-result solutions that potentially violate religious freedoms, and second, the burden that this approach places on the government—to continually assess and respond to the demands of different groups—requires unjustifiable optimism with regard to the abilities of any governmental apparatus.
