Ronald K. Edgerton
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780813178936
- eISBN:
- 9780813178943
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813178936.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The introduction begins by describing the Battle of Bayang in Lanao, Philippines, in May 1902. It then introduces John J. Pershing, his formative experience commanding Sioux scouts and Tenth Cavalry ...
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The introduction begins by describing the Battle of Bayang in Lanao, Philippines, in May 1902. It then introduces John J. Pershing, his formative experience commanding Sioux scouts and Tenth Cavalry African American soldiers, and his Progressive Era context. It discusses his time in Zamboanga, Mindanao, and his intimate relationship with the Filipina Joaquina Bondoy Ignacio. It describes the Maranao Moro social-political world in which he immersed himself. And it examines how the bloodbath at Bayang impelled him to begin shaping a more effective and less-lethal way of fighting small wars.Less
The introduction begins by describing the Battle of Bayang in Lanao, Philippines, in May 1902. It then introduces John J. Pershing, his formative experience commanding Sioux scouts and Tenth Cavalry African American soldiers, and his Progressive Era context. It discusses his time in Zamboanga, Mindanao, and his intimate relationship with the Filipina Joaquina Bondoy Ignacio. It describes the Maranao Moro social-political world in which he immersed himself. And it examines how the bloodbath at Bayang impelled him to begin shaping a more effective and less-lethal way of fighting small wars.
Ronald K. Edgerton
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780813178936
- eISBN:
- 9780813178943
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813178936.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Chapter 1 examines Pershing’s early implementation of counterinsurgency ideas among Maranao Moros in 1902. He stressed the importance of learning about Maranao culture and political divisions and of ...
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Chapter 1 examines Pershing’s early implementation of counterinsurgency ideas among Maranao Moros in 1902. He stressed the importance of learning about Maranao culture and political divisions and of applying that learning in alliance building to isolate hostile Moros in an ever-diminishing minority. He set the stage for successful military campaigns to follow. But he also made mistakes in his culturally myopic attempt to impose American concepts of justice on Maranao Moro datus (chiefs). By 1903, he had learned from his mistakes enough to attain the high honor of being elected a datu by Maranao leaders.Less
Chapter 1 examines Pershing’s early implementation of counterinsurgency ideas among Maranao Moros in 1902. He stressed the importance of learning about Maranao culture and political divisions and of applying that learning in alliance building to isolate hostile Moros in an ever-diminishing minority. He set the stage for successful military campaigns to follow. But he also made mistakes in his culturally myopic attempt to impose American concepts of justice on Maranao Moro datus (chiefs). By 1903, he had learned from his mistakes enough to attain the high honor of being elected a datu by Maranao leaders.
Julian Lim
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469635491
- eISBN:
- 9781469635507
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635491.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter analyzes the multiracial intersections of the Mexican Revolution, using the case of Pershing’s Expedition into Mexico in 1916 1917 to explore the escalating importance that both states ...
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This chapter analyzes the multiracial intersections of the Mexican Revolution, using the case of Pershing’s Expedition into Mexico in 1916 1917 to explore the escalating importance that both states attached to race, immigration, and citizenship in the borderlands. South of the border, military service clarified the citizenship status of African Americans while Mexicans and Chinese immigrants found themselves caught in a dangerous space between two states – one state (Mexico) that could not sufficiently protect them from revolutionary violence and another (the United States) that remained uncertain about whether to protect them at all. As U.S. immigration officials tightened the border against thousands of men, women, and children fleeing for their safety and security, the power of the U.S. state became more clearly visible in the borderlands. This chapter analyzes how people caught between revolution and exclusion renegotiated their relationship with the state. In desperate straits, Mexican immigrants reconstructed their identities from political refugees to desirable laborers, while Chinese immigrants re-branded themselves as deserving refugees rather than excludable laborers. The chapter thus elaborates the ways in which immigrants and officials refined the distinctions between the diverse groups in the borderlands.Less
This chapter analyzes the multiracial intersections of the Mexican Revolution, using the case of Pershing’s Expedition into Mexico in 1916 1917 to explore the escalating importance that both states attached to race, immigration, and citizenship in the borderlands. South of the border, military service clarified the citizenship status of African Americans while Mexicans and Chinese immigrants found themselves caught in a dangerous space between two states – one state (Mexico) that could not sufficiently protect them from revolutionary violence and another (the United States) that remained uncertain about whether to protect them at all. As U.S. immigration officials tightened the border against thousands of men, women, and children fleeing for their safety and security, the power of the U.S. state became more clearly visible in the borderlands. This chapter analyzes how people caught between revolution and exclusion renegotiated their relationship with the state. In desperate straits, Mexican immigrants reconstructed their identities from political refugees to desirable laborers, while Chinese immigrants re-branded themselves as deserving refugees rather than excludable laborers. The chapter thus elaborates the ways in which immigrants and officials refined the distinctions between the diverse groups in the borderlands.
William T. Johnsen
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813168333
- eISBN:
- 9780813168340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813168333.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter describes the so-called intellectual baggage that set the context for the Anglo-American negotiations of 1937–1941 by examining the experience of the respective national military leaders ...
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This chapter describes the so-called intellectual baggage that set the context for the Anglo-American negotiations of 1937–1941 by examining the experience of the respective national military leaders and planners in the period 1900–1918. The narrative addresses the absence of U.S. coalition experience prior to April 1917 as well as early Anglo-French collaboration before World War I. The focus of this chapter is on coalition activities of the Allied and Associated Powers in World War I. Specifically, the chapter addresses the sometimes tortured progress surrounding unity of strategic direction, unity of command, and the strategy mechanisms necessary for successful coalition collaboration. The narrative contrasts the relative success of amalgamating or integrating British and American naval forces with the tremendous frictions surrounding the amalgamation of the American Expeditionary Force with British and French forces.Less
This chapter describes the so-called intellectual baggage that set the context for the Anglo-American negotiations of 1937–1941 by examining the experience of the respective national military leaders and planners in the period 1900–1918. The narrative addresses the absence of U.S. coalition experience prior to April 1917 as well as early Anglo-French collaboration before World War I. The focus of this chapter is on coalition activities of the Allied and Associated Powers in World War I. Specifically, the chapter addresses the sometimes tortured progress surrounding unity of strategic direction, unity of command, and the strategy mechanisms necessary for successful coalition collaboration. The narrative contrasts the relative success of amalgamating or integrating British and American naval forces with the tremendous frictions surrounding the amalgamation of the American Expeditionary Force with British and French forces.
Ronald K. Edgerton
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780813178936
- eISBN:
- 9780813178943
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813178936.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This book highlights a seminal but largely overlooked period in the development of American counterinsurgency strategy. It examines how Progressive counterinsurgency ideas and methods evolved between ...
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This book highlights a seminal but largely overlooked period in the development of American counterinsurgency strategy. It examines how Progressive counterinsurgency ideas and methods evolved between 1899 and 1913 as Americans fought Philippine Moros in their first sustained military encounter with Islamic militants. It then compares those ideas and methods with current theory on COIN (counterinsurgency) as set forth in The U.S. Army * Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual. The author also explores how Moros contested American military intervention in their lives. He asks: How did they bend the narrative? How did Progressive counterinsurgency in Mindanao and Sulu come to have a Moro face? Finally, this work focuses on how John J. Pershing, during his seven years of service among Moros, contributed to Progressive counterinsurgency strategy. How did his approach compare with Gen. Leonard Wood’s radically different ideas on pacification? In the most creative years of Pershing’s life, how did he pull together lessons learned from his Philippine experience to craft a relatively balanced and full-spectrum approach to fighting small wars? What can we take from his experience and apply to America’s fraught relationship with Islamic militancy today?Less
This book highlights a seminal but largely overlooked period in the development of American counterinsurgency strategy. It examines how Progressive counterinsurgency ideas and methods evolved between 1899 and 1913 as Americans fought Philippine Moros in their first sustained military encounter with Islamic militants. It then compares those ideas and methods with current theory on COIN (counterinsurgency) as set forth in The U.S. Army * Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual. The author also explores how Moros contested American military intervention in their lives. He asks: How did they bend the narrative? How did Progressive counterinsurgency in Mindanao and Sulu come to have a Moro face? Finally, this work focuses on how John J. Pershing, during his seven years of service among Moros, contributed to Progressive counterinsurgency strategy. How did his approach compare with Gen. Leonard Wood’s radically different ideas on pacification? In the most creative years of Pershing’s life, how did he pull together lessons learned from his Philippine experience to craft a relatively balanced and full-spectrum approach to fighting small wars? What can we take from his experience and apply to America’s fraught relationship with Islamic militancy today?
Timothy K. Nenninger and Charles Pelot Summerall
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813126180
- eISBN:
- 9780813135649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813126180.003.0016
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Toward the end of June 1917, the War Department informed Charles Summerall that he would go to England and France as a member of a commission to study the types and the employment of field artillery. ...
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Toward the end of June 1917, the War Department informed Charles Summerall that he would go to England and France as a member of a commission to study the types and the employment of field artillery. The chief of staff sent for him and in great secrecy handed a letter addressed to “General John J. Pershing. For his eyes alone.” In London, the hotels were gay with many British officers in their handsome blue uniforms and elaborately dressed women. Everything was being done to give officers and men on leave a maximum of pleasure and to keep up morale. Upon returning to Washington, the chief of staff sent for Charles and stated that the secretary of war had directed him to appoint Charles as president of a board on types of artillery for the war and to have him select the other members.Less
Toward the end of June 1917, the War Department informed Charles Summerall that he would go to England and France as a member of a commission to study the types and the employment of field artillery. The chief of staff sent for him and in great secrecy handed a letter addressed to “General John J. Pershing. For his eyes alone.” In London, the hotels were gay with many British officers in their handsome blue uniforms and elaborately dressed women. Everything was being done to give officers and men on leave a maximum of pleasure and to keep up morale. Upon returning to Washington, the chief of staff sent for Charles and stated that the secretary of war had directed him to appoint Charles as president of a board on types of artillery for the war and to have him select the other members.
Thomas H. Conner
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780813176314
- eISBN:
- 9780813176345
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813176314.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Every year, people from all over the world visit American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) sites, from Normandy, France, to Busan, South Korea, to Corozal, Panama. At rest in the twenty-six ...
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Every year, people from all over the world visit American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) sites, from Normandy, France, to Busan, South Korea, to Corozal, Panama. At rest in the twenty-six overseas cemeteries are almost 139,000 dead, and memorialized on “Walls of the Missing” are 60,314 fallen soldiers with no known graves. The ABMC administers, operates, and maintains twenty-six permanent American military cemeteries and twenty-seven federal memorials, monuments, and markers. These graves and memorials are among the most beautiful and meticulously maintained shrines in the world. This book is the first study of the ABMC, from its founding in 1923 to the present. It traces the agency’s history, from its early efforts under the leadership of John J. Pershing to establish permanent American burial grounds in Europe after WWI and through the World War II years, where ABMC personnel weathered the storm of another war whose combatants actually passed back and forth through many of the sites. After the war, top-ranking generals, including George Marshall, Jacob L. Devers, and Mark Clark expanded the scope of the commission. The relationship between the monuments and their local hosts constitutes one of the most compelling and least known aspects of the story. Conner’s work powerfully demonstrates that these monuments are living sites that embody the costs of war and aid in understanding the interconnections between memory and history.Less
Every year, people from all over the world visit American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) sites, from Normandy, France, to Busan, South Korea, to Corozal, Panama. At rest in the twenty-six overseas cemeteries are almost 139,000 dead, and memorialized on “Walls of the Missing” are 60,314 fallen soldiers with no known graves. The ABMC administers, operates, and maintains twenty-six permanent American military cemeteries and twenty-seven federal memorials, monuments, and markers. These graves and memorials are among the most beautiful and meticulously maintained shrines in the world. This book is the first study of the ABMC, from its founding in 1923 to the present. It traces the agency’s history, from its early efforts under the leadership of John J. Pershing to establish permanent American burial grounds in Europe after WWI and through the World War II years, where ABMC personnel weathered the storm of another war whose combatants actually passed back and forth through many of the sites. After the war, top-ranking generals, including George Marshall, Jacob L. Devers, and Mark Clark expanded the scope of the commission. The relationship between the monuments and their local hosts constitutes one of the most compelling and least known aspects of the story. Conner’s work powerfully demonstrates that these monuments are living sites that embody the costs of war and aid in understanding the interconnections between memory and history.