Kenneth M. Ludmerer
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195181364
- eISBN:
- 9780199850167
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195181364.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
In the years following World War I, medical knowledge, techniques, and practices were growing and changing too rapidly. Even a superior experience in medical school could no longer prepare a person ...
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In the years following World War I, medical knowledge, techniques, and practices were growing and changing too rapidly. Even a superior experience in medical school could no longer prepare a person for private practice. Accordingly, a period of hospital education following graduation—the “internship”—became standard for every physician. In addition, further training was necessary for those who wished to enter specialty practice or pursue academic careers. For these purposes the “residency”—a several-year hospital experience following internship—became the accepted vehicle. In the creation of a system of graduate medical education, the Johns Hopkins Medical School played a seminal role. Nevertheless, the university-based, academic model introduced by Johns Hopkins was never to succeed so completely in graduate medical education as it did in undergraduate medical education. Always, the tension between education and service, between university ideals and apprenticeship traditions, wracked even the best intern and residency programs. Moreover, unlike undergraduate medical education, which remained university-based and regulated, graduate medical education became hospital-based and professionally regulated.Less
In the years following World War I, medical knowledge, techniques, and practices were growing and changing too rapidly. Even a superior experience in medical school could no longer prepare a person for private practice. Accordingly, a period of hospital education following graduation—the “internship”—became standard for every physician. In addition, further training was necessary for those who wished to enter specialty practice or pursue academic careers. For these purposes the “residency”—a several-year hospital experience following internship—became the accepted vehicle. In the creation of a system of graduate medical education, the Johns Hopkins Medical School played a seminal role. Nevertheless, the university-based, academic model introduced by Johns Hopkins was never to succeed so completely in graduate medical education as it did in undergraduate medical education. Always, the tension between education and service, between university ideals and apprenticeship traditions, wracked even the best intern and residency programs. Moreover, unlike undergraduate medical education, which remained university-based and regulated, graduate medical education became hospital-based and professionally regulated.
Neil Smith
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520230279
- eISBN:
- 9780520931527
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520230279.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter looks at the Kantian University and its relation to Bowman's work in science and education. It first looks at Bowman's stay at the National Research Council (NRC), where he was ...
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This chapter looks at the Kantian University and its relation to Bowman's work in science and education. It first looks at Bowman's stay at the National Research Council (NRC), where he was eventually offered to become the chair. The next section looks at Bowman's term as the fifth president of John Hopkins University and how Bowman mobilized the university campus for the Second World War, throwing the entire personnel, facilities, and energy into the war effort. This is followed by a discussion of his desire to establish a school of geography and the contradictions of a liberal university.Less
This chapter looks at the Kantian University and its relation to Bowman's work in science and education. It first looks at Bowman's stay at the National Research Council (NRC), where he was eventually offered to become the chair. The next section looks at Bowman's term as the fifth president of John Hopkins University and how Bowman mobilized the university campus for the Second World War, throwing the entire personnel, facilities, and energy into the war effort. This is followed by a discussion of his desire to establish a school of geography and the contradictions of a liberal university.
Cynthia Grant Tucker
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390209
- eISBN:
- 9780199866670
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390209.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Endowed with her mother's dominant nature and feminist perspective, Martha May Eliot sets her sights on becoming a “social doctor.” Before graduating from Radcliffe, she spends her sophomore year at ...
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Endowed with her mother's dominant nature and feminist perspective, Martha May Eliot sets her sights on becoming a “social doctor.” Before graduating from Radcliffe, she spends her sophomore year at Bryn Mawr and there meets her life companion, Ethel C. Dunham (1883‐1969 ). Martha and Ethel earn their M.D.s at Johns Hopkins Medical School and find positions together in the Pediatrics Department that Edwards A. Park had just created at Yale. Congress's timely passage of the Sheppard‐Towner Act starts Martha on an ascent as a pioneer of public health service for underserved mothers and children. Her demonstration of Vitamin D's efficacy in wiping out rickets results in a call from the Children's Bureau, of which she eventually serves as Chief. She writes Title V of the Social Security Act, later serves as Assistant Director‐General of the World Health Organization, and is one of the founding signers of UNICEF's charter.Less
Endowed with her mother's dominant nature and feminist perspective, Martha May Eliot sets her sights on becoming a “social doctor.” Before graduating from Radcliffe, she spends her sophomore year at Bryn Mawr and there meets her life companion, Ethel C. Dunham (1883‐1969 ). Martha and Ethel earn their M.D.s at Johns Hopkins Medical School and find positions together in the Pediatrics Department that Edwards A. Park had just created at Yale. Congress's timely passage of the Sheppard‐Towner Act starts Martha on an ascent as a pioneer of public health service for underserved mothers and children. Her demonstration of Vitamin D's efficacy in wiping out rickets results in a call from the Children's Bureau, of which she eventually serves as Chief. She writes Title V of the Social Security Act, later serves as Assistant Director‐General of the World Health Organization, and is one of the founding signers of UNICEF's charter.
Lynn Morgan
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520260436
- eISBN:
- 9780520944725
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520260436.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This book tells the story of an early twentieth-century undertaking, the Carnegie Institution of Washington's project to collect thousands of embryos for scientific study. The book blends social ...
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This book tells the story of an early twentieth-century undertaking, the Carnegie Institution of Washington's project to collect thousands of embryos for scientific study. The book blends social analysis, sleuthing, and humor to trace the history of specimen collecting. In the process, it illuminates how a hundred-year-old scientific endeavor continues to be felt in today's fraught arena of maternal and fetal politics. Until the embryo collecting project—which the book follows from the Johns Hopkins anatomy department, through Baltimore foundling homes, and all the way to China—most people had no idea what human embryos looked like. But by the 1950s, modern citizens saw in embryos an image of “ourselves unborn,” and embryology had developed a biologically based story about how we came to be. The book explains how dead specimens paradoxically became icons of life, how embryos were generated as social artifacts separate from pregnant women, and how a fetus thwarted Gertrude Stein's medical career. By resurrecting a nearly forgotten scientific project, she sheds light on the roots of a modern origin story and raises the still-controversial issue of how we decide what embryos mean.Less
This book tells the story of an early twentieth-century undertaking, the Carnegie Institution of Washington's project to collect thousands of embryos for scientific study. The book blends social analysis, sleuthing, and humor to trace the history of specimen collecting. In the process, it illuminates how a hundred-year-old scientific endeavor continues to be felt in today's fraught arena of maternal and fetal politics. Until the embryo collecting project—which the book follows from the Johns Hopkins anatomy department, through Baltimore foundling homes, and all the way to China—most people had no idea what human embryos looked like. But by the 1950s, modern citizens saw in embryos an image of “ourselves unborn,” and embryology had developed a biologically based story about how we came to be. The book explains how dead specimens paradoxically became icons of life, how embryos were generated as social artifacts separate from pregnant women, and how a fetus thwarted Gertrude Stein's medical career. By resurrecting a nearly forgotten scientific project, she sheds light on the roots of a modern origin story and raises the still-controversial issue of how we decide what embryos mean.
Bruce L. R. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813156552
- eISBN:
- 9780813165455
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813156552.003.0016
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Gordon is exhausted by the pressures he has endured since 1960 and is worried that Vietnam has begun to sap the Johnson administration’s energy and shift the policy focus away from Latin America. He ...
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Gordon is exhausted by the pressures he has endured since 1960 and is worried that Vietnam has begun to sap the Johnson administration’s energy and shift the policy focus away from Latin America. He hopes for a way out but he feels trapped by his situation. Suddenly, to his surprise, he receives an offer to become president of Johns Hopkins University. This seems to offer him, like his Hopkins predecessor Milton Eisenhower, the opportunity to be both in the academic world and active as a Washington policy adviser, and he puts aside doubts that he is cut out for the role of a university president. President Johnson allows Gordon to depart and hails him as an idealist but also a realist. The transition to the Hopkins presidency goes smoothly at first, and a grand investiture ceremony takes place in February 1968, attended by forty college and university presidents. This is the end of the old era in university governance, as both the financial situation and the internal governance context at Johns Hopkins rapidly deteriorate. Gordon is caught in a situation of expanding the central administration and shrinking the size of the faculty, and a faculty rebellion begins in the ranks, abetted by opponents within his administrative staff. Unlike at the embassy in Brazil and the assistant secretary’s post in Washington, here he has no readymade administrative hierarchy to assist his efforts. The consensus in American foreign policy to which he was accustomed lies in wreckage, and the old comfortable atmosphere of learning has given way to conflict and tensions. Gordon’s own weaknesses as a politician and chief executive come into play.Less
Gordon is exhausted by the pressures he has endured since 1960 and is worried that Vietnam has begun to sap the Johnson administration’s energy and shift the policy focus away from Latin America. He hopes for a way out but he feels trapped by his situation. Suddenly, to his surprise, he receives an offer to become president of Johns Hopkins University. This seems to offer him, like his Hopkins predecessor Milton Eisenhower, the opportunity to be both in the academic world and active as a Washington policy adviser, and he puts aside doubts that he is cut out for the role of a university president. President Johnson allows Gordon to depart and hails him as an idealist but also a realist. The transition to the Hopkins presidency goes smoothly at first, and a grand investiture ceremony takes place in February 1968, attended by forty college and university presidents. This is the end of the old era in university governance, as both the financial situation and the internal governance context at Johns Hopkins rapidly deteriorate. Gordon is caught in a situation of expanding the central administration and shrinking the size of the faculty, and a faculty rebellion begins in the ranks, abetted by opponents within his administrative staff. Unlike at the embassy in Brazil and the assistant secretary’s post in Washington, here he has no readymade administrative hierarchy to assist his efforts. The consensus in American foreign policy to which he was accustomed lies in wreckage, and the old comfortable atmosphere of learning has given way to conflict and tensions. Gordon’s own weaknesses as a politician and chief executive come into play.
Emily J. Levine
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- May 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780226341811
- eISBN:
- 9780226341958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226341958.003.0003
- Subject:
- Education, History of Education
Universities opened their institutions to outsiders and potential enemies in the name of an open value system outside the nation state and markets. Chapter two illustrates the subversive results of ...
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Universities opened their institutions to outsiders and potential enemies in the name of an open value system outside the nation state and markets. Chapter two illustrates the subversive results of that logic—namely, how such Americans as Daniel Coit Gilman adapted that model in the founding of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore to become Germany’s fiercest competition. At the granular level chapter two also shows how hybridization—the combination of the English style BA with the German PhD—was the source of America’s success. Moreover, it shows the ironic result of the diffusion of the American research university model: Hopkins spawned its own competition at home as Stanford, the University of Chicago and other institutions soon competed with it. On the other hand, Gilman’s failed attempt to recruit Felix Klein and Klein’s subsequent success at making Göttingen a world center of applied mathematics shows that many Germans were both unable to take the American university seriously at the same time that they began to use such American innovations as private philanthropy to innovate. These cases reveal the limits of transatlantic competition since individuals were only able to see what they were looking for.Less
Universities opened their institutions to outsiders and potential enemies in the name of an open value system outside the nation state and markets. Chapter two illustrates the subversive results of that logic—namely, how such Americans as Daniel Coit Gilman adapted that model in the founding of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore to become Germany’s fiercest competition. At the granular level chapter two also shows how hybridization—the combination of the English style BA with the German PhD—was the source of America’s success. Moreover, it shows the ironic result of the diffusion of the American research university model: Hopkins spawned its own competition at home as Stanford, the University of Chicago and other institutions soon competed with it. On the other hand, Gilman’s failed attempt to recruit Felix Klein and Klein’s subsequent success at making Göttingen a world center of applied mathematics shows that many Germans were both unable to take the American university seriously at the same time that they began to use such American innovations as private philanthropy to innovate. These cases reveal the limits of transatlantic competition since individuals were only able to see what they were looking for.
Bruce Kuklick
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260164
- eISBN:
- 9780191597893
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260168.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
In the new university system of the late nineteenth century, there was a consensus on idealism as the most effective response to the challenge of Charles Darwin. Nine older thinkers typified ...
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In the new university system of the late nineteenth century, there was a consensus on idealism as the most effective response to the challenge of Charles Darwin. Nine older thinkers typified philosophy in the young American university: Borden Parker Bowne; J.E. Creighton, G.S. Fullerton, George Holmes Howison, George Ladd, G. S. Morris, Elisha Mulford, James Seth, and Jacob Gould Sherman. Two younger scholars, Josiah Royce and John Dewey, trained in the leading doctoral programme in the US at Johns Hopkins absorbed these conventional ideas.Less
In the new university system of the late nineteenth century, there was a consensus on idealism as the most effective response to the challenge of Charles Darwin. Nine older thinkers typified philosophy in the young American university: Borden Parker Bowne; J.E. Creighton, G.S. Fullerton, George Holmes Howison, George Ladd, G. S. Morris, Elisha Mulford, James Seth, and Jacob Gould Sherman. Two younger scholars, Josiah Royce and John Dewey, trained in the leading doctoral programme in the US at Johns Hopkins absorbed these conventional ideas.
Gregory Jones-Katz
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- May 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780226535869
- eISBN:
- 9780226536194
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226536194.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Scholars’ frequent emphasis on the transatlantic shuttling of postmodern French thought, most conspicuously structuralism and its progeny, to American humanities departments during the second half of ...
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Scholars’ frequent emphasis on the transatlantic shuttling of postmodern French thought, most conspicuously structuralism and its progeny, to American humanities departments during the second half of the 1960s has obscured the role that a group of vanguard literary critics played in the institution of deconstruction in the United States. Revising the common story, Jones-Katz unearths the ways that Paul de Man, Geoffrey Hartman, J. Hillis Miller, and colleagues, as far back as the closing years of the 1950s, challenged the dominant mode of “normal” criticism in America, the quasi-scientific literary formalism of the New Critics, to institute a protodeconstructive literary-critical movement. Committed to concentrating on texts’ linguistic forms, the New Criticism had become a pedagogical standard thanks to the demands of and support given by the modern higher education system. Beginning in the early 1960s, the vanguard critics skillfully navigated new and established domestic intellectual and institutional networks, honing and harnessing reading techniques that extended and critiqued New Critical precepts. Sharing their innovative work at a Yale colloquium, a Johns Hopkins symposium, or abroad at a conference in Bellagio, vanguard critics’ evolution by way of subverting New Critical interpretive principles set the stage for the successes of the Yale School.Less
Scholars’ frequent emphasis on the transatlantic shuttling of postmodern French thought, most conspicuously structuralism and its progeny, to American humanities departments during the second half of the 1960s has obscured the role that a group of vanguard literary critics played in the institution of deconstruction in the United States. Revising the common story, Jones-Katz unearths the ways that Paul de Man, Geoffrey Hartman, J. Hillis Miller, and colleagues, as far back as the closing years of the 1950s, challenged the dominant mode of “normal” criticism in America, the quasi-scientific literary formalism of the New Critics, to institute a protodeconstructive literary-critical movement. Committed to concentrating on texts’ linguistic forms, the New Criticism had become a pedagogical standard thanks to the demands of and support given by the modern higher education system. Beginning in the early 1960s, the vanguard critics skillfully navigated new and established domestic intellectual and institutional networks, honing and harnessing reading techniques that extended and critiqued New Critical precepts. Sharing their innovative work at a Yale colloquium, a Johns Hopkins symposium, or abroad at a conference in Bellagio, vanguard critics’ evolution by way of subverting New Critical interpretive principles set the stage for the successes of the Yale School.
David H. Hubel
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195176186
- eISBN:
- 9780199847013
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176186.003.0001
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Sensory and Motor Systems
David H. Hubel was born in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, to American parents in 1926. In 1929, his family transferred to Montreal where he was brought up and educated and continued to live until the age ...
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David H. Hubel was born in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, to American parents in 1926. In 1929, his family transferred to Montreal where he was brought up and educated and continued to live until the age of 28. He attended Strathona Academy until his graduation in 1943. Given that he ended up as a biologist, it was ironic that he had almost no formal instruction in biology in grade school, high school, or college. He studied mathematics and physics at McGill University, and later entered medical school there. After graduating from medical school, he did a rotating internship at Montreal General Hospital. He was married in June 1953 to Ruth. In 1954, he moved to the United States to work at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and later served at Walter Reed Hospital. In 1958, he went back To Baltimore and began his collaborations with Torsten Wiesel.Less
David H. Hubel was born in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, to American parents in 1926. In 1929, his family transferred to Montreal where he was brought up and educated and continued to live until the age of 28. He attended Strathona Academy until his graduation in 1943. Given that he ended up as a biologist, it was ironic that he had almost no formal instruction in biology in grade school, high school, or college. He studied mathematics and physics at McGill University, and later entered medical school there. After graduating from medical school, he did a rotating internship at Montreal General Hospital. He was married in June 1953 to Ruth. In 1954, he moved to the United States to work at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and later served at Walter Reed Hospital. In 1958, he went back To Baltimore and began his collaborations with Torsten Wiesel.
Matthew Shindell
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226662084
- eISBN:
- 9780226662114
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226662114.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Harold C. Urey returned from Copenhagen knowing that he would be unable to make original contributions to quantum physics, but nonetheless able to read and explain the work coming out of Europe in ...
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Harold C. Urey returned from Copenhagen knowing that he would be unable to make original contributions to quantum physics, but nonetheless able to read and explain the work coming out of Europe in this new field. He made a name for himself in America as an expert in quantum physics and as a pioneer in applying this knowledge to chemistry. This reputation was solidified by the publication of the book, Atoms, Molecules and Quanta, which he coauthored with Arthur E. Ruark. He also in these years had his first academic appointment at Johns Hopkins University, and his second appointment at Columbia University. At Columbia, Urey was able to perform experimental work that led to his discovery of an isotope of hydrogen with mass 2 -- Deuterium. This work was possible thanks to the help of his colleague Ferdinand Brickwedde at the US Bureau of Standards. This discovery won Urey the Nobel Prize.Less
Harold C. Urey returned from Copenhagen knowing that he would be unable to make original contributions to quantum physics, but nonetheless able to read and explain the work coming out of Europe in this new field. He made a name for himself in America as an expert in quantum physics and as a pioneer in applying this knowledge to chemistry. This reputation was solidified by the publication of the book, Atoms, Molecules and Quanta, which he coauthored with Arthur E. Ruark. He also in these years had his first academic appointment at Johns Hopkins University, and his second appointment at Columbia University. At Columbia, Urey was able to perform experimental work that led to his discovery of an isotope of hydrogen with mass 2 -- Deuterium. This work was possible thanks to the help of his colleague Ferdinand Brickwedde at the US Bureau of Standards. This discovery won Urey the Nobel Prize.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226467597
- eISBN:
- 9780226466958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226466958.003.0011
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
In the television era, science programming survived at the network level only if it conformed to a fast-paced, irreverent, time-conscious context. Communication of scientific information via ...
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In the television era, science programming survived at the network level only if it conformed to a fast-paced, irreverent, time-conscious context. Communication of scientific information via television became fragmented and dominated by entertainment values. Popular science was shuttled to the sidelines by network executives unconcerned about altruistic goals of public education. During the 1950s and 1960s, the proportion of television's daily schedule allocated to explaining science declined at the same time that science's accomplishments were gaining ever greater relevance to society. American television viewers never demanded otherwise, and the scientific community turned back to the laboratory with only sporadic, token, and generally ineffective complaint. Two types of programs from that early decade of television demonstrate broadcasting's rapid shift toward entertainment. The first, exemplified by The Johns Hopkins Science Review, adapted radio's educational approaches to a visual context. These presentations retained radio's tone of control and dignity. The second, introduced by a group of one-hour specials underwritten by the Bell Telephone System, altered the landscape of broadcast science. The Bell-funded programs demonstrated to the television industry that science need not be dull. They introduced exciting visual techniques for presenting science, and, perhaps most important, they raised audience expectations for popular science.Less
In the television era, science programming survived at the network level only if it conformed to a fast-paced, irreverent, time-conscious context. Communication of scientific information via television became fragmented and dominated by entertainment values. Popular science was shuttled to the sidelines by network executives unconcerned about altruistic goals of public education. During the 1950s and 1960s, the proportion of television's daily schedule allocated to explaining science declined at the same time that science's accomplishments were gaining ever greater relevance to society. American television viewers never demanded otherwise, and the scientific community turned back to the laboratory with only sporadic, token, and generally ineffective complaint. Two types of programs from that early decade of television demonstrate broadcasting's rapid shift toward entertainment. The first, exemplified by The Johns Hopkins Science Review, adapted radio's educational approaches to a visual context. These presentations retained radio's tone of control and dignity. The second, introduced by a group of one-hour specials underwritten by the Bell Telephone System, altered the landscape of broadcast science. The Bell-funded programs demonstrated to the television industry that science need not be dull. They introduced exciting visual techniques for presenting science, and, perhaps most important, they raised audience expectations for popular science.
David H. Hubel
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195176186
- eISBN:
- 9780199847013
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176186.003.0004
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Sensory and Motor Systems
The importance in science of mentors or role models can hardly be exaggerated. For Hubel and Wiesel, Steve Kuffler played a crucial role in terms of day-to-day importance, and this role was sustained ...
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The importance in science of mentors or role models can hardly be exaggerated. For Hubel and Wiesel, Steve Kuffler played a crucial role in terms of day-to-day importance, and this role was sustained over thirty years. The Hopkins group was broad. Hubel, Wiesel, and Kuffler represented central nervous physiology. Ed Furshpan, David Potter, and Kuffler represented synaptic physiology, and Ed Kravitz represented neurochemistry. Johns Hopkins was informal and friendly, contrasting strongly with the rather pompous prevailing atmosphere at Harvard. This may have been because the medical school and hospital were close to each other, geographically and spiritually, at Hopkins.Less
The importance in science of mentors or role models can hardly be exaggerated. For Hubel and Wiesel, Steve Kuffler played a crucial role in terms of day-to-day importance, and this role was sustained over thirty years. The Hopkins group was broad. Hubel, Wiesel, and Kuffler represented central nervous physiology. Ed Furshpan, David Potter, and Kuffler represented synaptic physiology, and Ed Kravitz represented neurochemistry. Johns Hopkins was informal and friendly, contrasting strongly with the rather pompous prevailing atmosphere at Harvard. This may have been because the medical school and hospital were close to each other, geographically and spiritually, at Hopkins.
Marcel Chotkowski Lafollette
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226921990
- eISBN:
- 9780226922010
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226922010.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the U.S. television industry's experimentation with the incorporation of science into television programming and discusses some of the most notable science-related shows during ...
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This chapter examines the U.S. television industry's experimentation with the incorporation of science into television programming and discusses some of the most notable science-related shows during the 1940s. These include Serving through Science created by Miller McClintock, The Nature of Things hosted by astronomer Roy K. Marshall, and The Johns Hopkins Science Review. The chapter also explains the impact of the passage of the Communications Act of 1934 on television broadcasting.Less
This chapter examines the U.S. television industry's experimentation with the incorporation of science into television programming and discusses some of the most notable science-related shows during the 1940s. These include Serving through Science created by Miller McClintock, The Nature of Things hosted by astronomer Roy K. Marshall, and The Johns Hopkins Science Review. The chapter also explains the impact of the passage of the Communications Act of 1934 on television broadcasting.
Laura L. Knoppers
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198769774
- eISBN:
- 9780191822605
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198769774.003.0011
- Subject:
- Literature, Milton Studies, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter explores Anglo-Irish poet John Hopkins’s Milton’s Paradise Lost Imitated in Rhyme (1699), a lively, comic, and virtually unknown adaptation of Books 4, 6, and 9 of Paradise Lost written ...
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This chapter explores Anglo-Irish poet John Hopkins’s Milton’s Paradise Lost Imitated in Rhyme (1699), a lively, comic, and virtually unknown adaptation of Books 4, 6, and 9 of Paradise Lost written in rhymed verse for a female readership. As he depicts a coy, feigning Eve and an Adam who craves the excitement of the chase, Hopkins draws upon the Ovidian arts of love as bawdily featured in Restoration comedies, particularly the works of William Congreve. Hopkins’s rewriting of Ovid within the context of Edenic marriage shows how Milton’s Eve both prefigures and resists the Restoration coquette as figured in such plays as Congreve’s The Old Batchelour, The Double Dealer, and Love for Love. Milton’s links with Restoration drama hence move well beyond John Dryden’s often-studied The State of Innocence.Less
This chapter explores Anglo-Irish poet John Hopkins’s Milton’s Paradise Lost Imitated in Rhyme (1699), a lively, comic, and virtually unknown adaptation of Books 4, 6, and 9 of Paradise Lost written in rhymed verse for a female readership. As he depicts a coy, feigning Eve and an Adam who craves the excitement of the chase, Hopkins draws upon the Ovidian arts of love as bawdily featured in Restoration comedies, particularly the works of William Congreve. Hopkins’s rewriting of Ovid within the context of Edenic marriage shows how Milton’s Eve both prefigures and resists the Restoration coquette as figured in such plays as Congreve’s The Old Batchelour, The Double Dealer, and Love for Love. Milton’s links with Restoration drama hence move well beyond John Dryden’s often-studied The State of Innocence.
Steven Seegel
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226438498
- eISBN:
- 9780226438528
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226438528.003.0006
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Cultural and Historical Geography
The chapters examines the struggles that Bowman faced as a Wilsonian diplomat, the president of the IGU, and later the President of Johns Hopkins University as he argued for friendship and the moral ...
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The chapters examines the struggles that Bowman faced as a Wilsonian diplomat, the president of the IGU, and later the President of Johns Hopkins University as he argued for friendship and the moral vindication of education as the US adopted the new deal and relations with Eastern European friends became shaky. It situates Penck, through the legacy of his final pupils, as an enabler of German fascism through geographic study. It shares that Rudnyts’kyi faced arrest by Stalinist forces in Kharkov for a life dedicated to assembling a Ukrainian geography and that Teleki and Romer continued to work on their geographies for both their own nations and the transnational communities (Romer helped Bowman to assemble the IGC in 1934). As continuing turmoil in international relations shook Europe in the 1930s, Bowman grew apart from his European intimates and fought to instil a distinctly white-supremist attitude that married education and American conception of empire and civility in his sons.Less
The chapters examines the struggles that Bowman faced as a Wilsonian diplomat, the president of the IGU, and later the President of Johns Hopkins University as he argued for friendship and the moral vindication of education as the US adopted the new deal and relations with Eastern European friends became shaky. It situates Penck, through the legacy of his final pupils, as an enabler of German fascism through geographic study. It shares that Rudnyts’kyi faced arrest by Stalinist forces in Kharkov for a life dedicated to assembling a Ukrainian geography and that Teleki and Romer continued to work on their geographies for both their own nations and the transnational communities (Romer helped Bowman to assemble the IGC in 1934). As continuing turmoil in international relations shook Europe in the 1930s, Bowman grew apart from his European intimates and fought to instil a distinctly white-supremist attitude that married education and American conception of empire and civility in his sons.
David H. Hubel
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195176186
- eISBN:
- 9780199847013
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176186.003.0002
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Sensory and Motor Systems
Torsten Wiesel was born in 1924 in Uppsala, Sweden, the youngest of five children. In 1947, he began his scientific career in Carl Gustaf Bernhard's laboratory at the Karolinska Institute, where he ...
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Torsten Wiesel was born in 1924 in Uppsala, Sweden, the youngest of five children. In 1947, he began his scientific career in Carl Gustaf Bernhard's laboratory at the Karolinska Institute, where he received his medical degree in 1954. In 1955 he moved to the United States to work at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine under Stephen Kuffler. In 1958, he met David Hubel, beginning a collaboration that would last over twenty years. In 1959, Wiesel and Hubel moved to Harvard University. He became an instructor in pharmacology at Harvard Medical School, beginning a 24-year career with the university. He became professor in the new department of neurobiology in 1968 and its chair in 1973. In 1983, Wiesel joined the faculty of Rockefeller University as head of the Laboratory of Neurobiology. He was president of the university from 1991 to 1998.Less
Torsten Wiesel was born in 1924 in Uppsala, Sweden, the youngest of five children. In 1947, he began his scientific career in Carl Gustaf Bernhard's laboratory at the Karolinska Institute, where he received his medical degree in 1954. In 1955 he moved to the United States to work at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine under Stephen Kuffler. In 1958, he met David Hubel, beginning a collaboration that would last over twenty years. In 1959, Wiesel and Hubel moved to Harvard University. He became an instructor in pharmacology at Harvard Medical School, beginning a 24-year career with the university. He became professor in the new department of neurobiology in 1968 and its chair in 1973. In 1983, Wiesel joined the faculty of Rockefeller University as head of the Laboratory of Neurobiology. He was president of the university from 1991 to 1998.
Barry Hankins
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- June 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198718376
- eISBN:
- 9780191787676
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718376.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Religion and Society
Wilson undertook his undergraduate education at Davidson College and Princeton University, his law school work at the University of Virginia, and, finally, his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins. As he grew ever ...
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Wilson undertook his undergraduate education at Davidson College and Princeton University, his law school work at the University of Virginia, and, finally, his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins. As he grew ever more educated and scholarly, his personal faith remained intact and simple. His own salvation being secured by divine election, Wilson pursued a moral course of action, troubling himself little with theological controversy. In keeping with the spirit of the modern era, at times he blurred the line between the sacred and secular, virtually equating Christianity with anything right and moral, while his personal faith became increasingly intuitive and romantic. It was also during this period of his life that Wilson fell in love—twice, and both times impetuously—first with his cousin then with Ellen Axson, who he would eventually marry. In both instances Wilson revealed how susceptible he could be to a proverbial “love at first sight” romanticism, something that would haunt him later in life.Less
Wilson undertook his undergraduate education at Davidson College and Princeton University, his law school work at the University of Virginia, and, finally, his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins. As he grew ever more educated and scholarly, his personal faith remained intact and simple. His own salvation being secured by divine election, Wilson pursued a moral course of action, troubling himself little with theological controversy. In keeping with the spirit of the modern era, at times he blurred the line between the sacred and secular, virtually equating Christianity with anything right and moral, while his personal faith became increasingly intuitive and romantic. It was also during this period of his life that Wilson fell in love—twice, and both times impetuously—first with his cousin then with Ellen Axson, who he would eventually marry. In both instances Wilson revealed how susceptible he could be to a proverbial “love at first sight” romanticism, something that would haunt him later in life.
Joan Marie Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469634692
- eISBN:
- 9781469634715
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469634692.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Chapter 5 explores what happened when women approached existing coeducational schools offering restricted gifts to benefit women. These donations either forced a school to open its doors to women or ...
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Chapter 5 explores what happened when women approached existing coeducational schools offering restricted gifts to benefit women. These donations either forced a school to open its doors to women or increased the number of women admitted by providing scholarships for women or erecting a women’s building or a women’s dormitory. Like the college founders, these donors believed that women were capable of the same intellectual achievement as men but found that many of America’s best universities resisted coeducation. The women in this chapter, including Mary Garrett, and Phoebe Hearst and the gifts they gave show how money could be wielded to force changes that would benefit women, in the form of access to education and professions formerly restricted to men. Moreover, coeducation at these schools, including Johns Hopkins, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the University of California, Berkeley, was especially significant. If women were welcomed at these important institutions, they could demonstrate their intellectual and professional capabilities and equality with men.Less
Chapter 5 explores what happened when women approached existing coeducational schools offering restricted gifts to benefit women. These donations either forced a school to open its doors to women or increased the number of women admitted by providing scholarships for women or erecting a women’s building or a women’s dormitory. Like the college founders, these donors believed that women were capable of the same intellectual achievement as men but found that many of America’s best universities resisted coeducation. The women in this chapter, including Mary Garrett, and Phoebe Hearst and the gifts they gave show how money could be wielded to force changes that would benefit women, in the form of access to education and professions formerly restricted to men. Moreover, coeducation at these schools, including Johns Hopkins, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the University of California, Berkeley, was especially significant. If women were welcomed at these important institutions, they could demonstrate their intellectual and professional capabilities and equality with men.
George M. Marsden
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- August 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780190073312
- eISBN:
- 9780190073343
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190073312.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, History of Christianity
Daniel Coit Gilman became the founding president of The Johns Hopkins University in 1876. There he established what became the model for modern American universities. Gilman had similar New England ...
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Daniel Coit Gilman became the founding president of The Johns Hopkins University in 1876. There he established what became the model for modern American universities. Gilman had similar New England roots to other major university leaders. His first experience of leadership was at the University of California. That university started in Berkeley in 1868 when a Presbyterian college, the College of California, ceded itself to the state. Gilman had to negotiate the tensions between being an inclusive state university while having a distinct denominational heritage. The New Johns Hopkins University was accused of being atheistic, but Gilman instituted voluntary chapel and showed concern for including Christian dimensions in the undergraduate curriculum. Following the German model though, he made original scholarship and graduate education the marks of a true university. While not anti-religious, intellectual inquiry was expected to adopt standards that might be called “methodological naturalism.”Less
Daniel Coit Gilman became the founding president of The Johns Hopkins University in 1876. There he established what became the model for modern American universities. Gilman had similar New England roots to other major university leaders. His first experience of leadership was at the University of California. That university started in Berkeley in 1868 when a Presbyterian college, the College of California, ceded itself to the state. Gilman had to negotiate the tensions between being an inclusive state university while having a distinct denominational heritage. The New Johns Hopkins University was accused of being atheistic, but Gilman instituted voluntary chapel and showed concern for including Christian dimensions in the undergraduate curriculum. Following the German model though, he made original scholarship and graduate education the marks of a true university. While not anti-religious, intellectual inquiry was expected to adopt standards that might be called “methodological naturalism.”
Gerard N. Burrow
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300092073
- eISBN:
- 9780300132885
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300092073.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter focuses on the new dean, Stanhope Bayne-Jones, who had been a student and later colleague of Winternitz's at Johns Hopkins. His major interest was in bacteriology, and he happily ...
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This chapter focuses on the new dean, Stanhope Bayne-Jones, who had been a student and later colleague of Winternitz's at Johns Hopkins. His major interest was in bacteriology, and he happily accepted an offer to head his own Department of Bacteriology at the new medical school in Rochester. In 1932, Stanhope Bayne-Jones, by then dean at Rochester, was recruited to Yale, primarily to be master of Trumbull College and secondarily to be professor of bacteriology and immunology. President Angell was eager to appoint a scientist as master of one of the new residential colleges funded by the Sterling bequest. In discussing his appointment as Winternitz's successor, Bayne-Jones commented that because he was relatively new to Yale he was viewed as neutral, and that no one else would have been acceptable to Winternitz.Less
This chapter focuses on the new dean, Stanhope Bayne-Jones, who had been a student and later colleague of Winternitz's at Johns Hopkins. His major interest was in bacteriology, and he happily accepted an offer to head his own Department of Bacteriology at the new medical school in Rochester. In 1932, Stanhope Bayne-Jones, by then dean at Rochester, was recruited to Yale, primarily to be master of Trumbull College and secondarily to be professor of bacteriology and immunology. President Angell was eager to appoint a scientist as master of one of the new residential colleges funded by the Sterling bequest. In discussing his appointment as Winternitz's successor, Bayne-Jones commented that because he was relatively new to Yale he was viewed as neutral, and that no one else would have been acceptable to Winternitz.