Zulkifli
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748696857
- eISBN:
- 9781474412247
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748696857.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This chapter discusses how returnees from al Mustafa International University, including those from the International Centre for Islamic Studies, its preceding institution, have played a significant ...
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This chapter discusses how returnees from al Mustafa International University, including those from the International Centre for Islamic Studies, its preceding institution, have played a significant role in the development of the Shi'i community in Sunni dominated Indonesia. Pursuing Islamic education at Qom is a post-1979 phenomenon made popular by al Habsyi, an Indonesian scholar of Arab descent, who gained the trust of religious leaders in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Following a detailed account of the educational background of Indonesian students who went to Qom, the chapter illustrates the activities of the graduates in their home towns, such as their creation of the Association of al Mustafa International University Alumni, missionary activities through various Shi'i institutions, and educational activities in religious schools, including the Islamic College Jakarta, a branch of the university.Less
This chapter discusses how returnees from al Mustafa International University, including those from the International Centre for Islamic Studies, its preceding institution, have played a significant role in the development of the Shi'i community in Sunni dominated Indonesia. Pursuing Islamic education at Qom is a post-1979 phenomenon made popular by al Habsyi, an Indonesian scholar of Arab descent, who gained the trust of religious leaders in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Following a detailed account of the educational background of Indonesian students who went to Qom, the chapter illustrates the activities of the graduates in their home towns, such as their creation of the Association of al Mustafa International University Alumni, missionary activities through various Shi'i institutions, and educational activities in religious schools, including the Islamic College Jakarta, a branch of the university.
Charles Kurzman and Carl W. Ernst
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781479827787
- eISBN:
- 9781479850662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479827787.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter analyzes the locations and contexts for the development of Islamic studies in US universities. It attributes the field's growth in part to exaggerated concerns about national security. ...
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This chapter analyzes the locations and contexts for the development of Islamic studies in US universities. It attributes the field's growth in part to exaggerated concerns about national security. It criticizes the field's location within institutions, pointing out that across time—from the first departments of Oriental and Near Eastern studies to more recent interdisciplinary programs and departments—Islamic studies programs have been constrained by the field's institutionalization within the academy. The chapter traces the development of Islamic studies within various departments, such as Near Eastern languages and civilizations or religious studies. It suggests that the area studies framework can also impose constraints on Islamic studies if it is not attentive to issues that cross geographic boundaries, such as centuries-old migration in and out of the region, the transregional character of religious movements, and the importance of global communication.Less
This chapter analyzes the locations and contexts for the development of Islamic studies in US universities. It attributes the field's growth in part to exaggerated concerns about national security. It criticizes the field's location within institutions, pointing out that across time—from the first departments of Oriental and Near Eastern studies to more recent interdisciplinary programs and departments—Islamic studies programs have been constrained by the field's institutionalization within the academy. The chapter traces the development of Islamic studies within various departments, such as Near Eastern languages and civilizations or religious studies. It suggests that the area studies framework can also impose constraints on Islamic studies if it is not attentive to issues that cross geographic boundaries, such as centuries-old migration in and out of the region, the transregional character of religious movements, and the importance of global communication.
Hiroko Kushimoto
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780748696857
- eISBN:
- 9781474412247
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748696857.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This chapter discusses the relationship between al Azhar and the government policy of ulama training in Malaysia. It traces how, during the twentieth century, a number of factors led to al Azhar ...
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This chapter discusses the relationship between al Azhar and the government policy of ulama training in Malaysia. It traces how, during the twentieth century, a number of factors led to al Azhar becoming one of the most popular choices for Malaysian students wanting to major in Islamic Studies. Initially, ulama adopted al Azhar's reformed curriculum by choice, as the mixed curriculum introduced by al Azhar, starting with Muhammad Abduh's modernisation project, helped the religious schools in Malaysia to compete with the state run modern schools. However, to demonstrate its commitment to Islam, the Malaysian state eventually started to invest in al Azhar education. Under a series of policies intended to emphasise Islam, religious education and religious administration expanded rapidly, thus providing increased job opportunities for al Azhar graduates.Less
This chapter discusses the relationship between al Azhar and the government policy of ulama training in Malaysia. It traces how, during the twentieth century, a number of factors led to al Azhar becoming one of the most popular choices for Malaysian students wanting to major in Islamic Studies. Initially, ulama adopted al Azhar's reformed curriculum by choice, as the mixed curriculum introduced by al Azhar, starting with Muhammad Abduh's modernisation project, helped the religious schools in Malaysia to compete with the state run modern schools. However, to demonstrate its commitment to Islam, the Malaysian state eventually started to invest in al Azhar education. Under a series of policies intended to emphasise Islam, religious education and religious administration expanded rapidly, thus providing increased job opportunities for al Azhar graduates.
Imranali Panjwani
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- August 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190677565
- eISBN:
- 9780190677596
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190677565.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies, World Religions
When teaching Islam to undergraduates, the question of pedagogy is crucial. Modules must be designed to capture the breadth of the religion, including ethics, spirituality, worldview, role of holy ...
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When teaching Islam to undergraduates, the question of pedagogy is crucial. Modules must be designed to capture the breadth of the religion, including ethics, spirituality, worldview, role of holy figures, history, scientific disciplines, cultural formations, and contemporary developments. Although Western universities should be commended for introducing Islamic Studies to undergraduates, they streamline Islam to the extent that it is reduced to Islamic history. This means Islam’s intellectual tradition is seen as a contribution of the past rather than a living contribution for current human problems. In this chapter, I will share the challenges I faced as a tutor in Islamic Studies at King’s College London within the context of two pedagogical issues: (1) how Islamic Studies modules could be designed more effectively and (2) how effective learning environments can be created for undergraduate students of Islamic Studies.Less
When teaching Islam to undergraduates, the question of pedagogy is crucial. Modules must be designed to capture the breadth of the religion, including ethics, spirituality, worldview, role of holy figures, history, scientific disciplines, cultural formations, and contemporary developments. Although Western universities should be commended for introducing Islamic Studies to undergraduates, they streamline Islam to the extent that it is reduced to Islamic history. This means Islam’s intellectual tradition is seen as a contribution of the past rather than a living contribution for current human problems. In this chapter, I will share the challenges I faced as a tutor in Islamic Studies at King’s College London within the context of two pedagogical issues: (1) how Islamic Studies modules could be designed more effectively and (2) how effective learning environments can be created for undergraduate students of Islamic Studies.
James E. Baldwin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781474403092
- eISBN:
- 9781474430425
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474403092.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
The introduction sets the historiographical context for the book. It explains how the book’s arguments relate to the fields of Islamic legal studies and Ottoman history, and explores the concept of ...
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The introduction sets the historiographical context for the book. It explains how the book’s arguments relate to the fields of Islamic legal studies and Ottoman history, and explores the concept of legal pluralism. It also provides an overview of the sources used in this study.Less
The introduction sets the historiographical context for the book. It explains how the book’s arguments relate to the fields of Islamic legal studies and Ottoman history, and explores the concept of legal pluralism. It also provides an overview of the sources used in this study.
Delia Cortese and Simonetta Calderini
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748617326
- eISBN:
- 9780748671366
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748617326.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This study of women and the Fatimids investigates an unexplored area in the field of Islamic and medieval studies. The book has unearthed a wealth of references to women, thus re-inscribing their ...
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This study of women and the Fatimids investigates an unexplored area in the field of Islamic and medieval studies. The book has unearthed a wealth of references to women, thus re-inscribing their role in the history of one of the most fascinating Islamic dynasties, the only one to be named after a woman. Some light is thrown on the erstwhile silent and shadowy figures of women under the Fatimids, which gives them a presence in the history of women in medieval and pre-modern dynasties. Basing their research on a variety of sources from historical works to chronicles, official correspondence, documentary sources and archaeological findings, the book provides an analysis of the status and influence of women in this period. Their contribution is explored first within the context of Isma'ili and Fatimid genealogical history, and then within the courts in their roles as mothers, courtesans, wives and daughters, and as workers and servants. Throughout the book, comparison is drawn with the status and roles of women in earlier, contemporary and subsequent Islamic as well as non-Islamic courts.Less
This study of women and the Fatimids investigates an unexplored area in the field of Islamic and medieval studies. The book has unearthed a wealth of references to women, thus re-inscribing their role in the history of one of the most fascinating Islamic dynasties, the only one to be named after a woman. Some light is thrown on the erstwhile silent and shadowy figures of women under the Fatimids, which gives them a presence in the history of women in medieval and pre-modern dynasties. Basing their research on a variety of sources from historical works to chronicles, official correspondence, documentary sources and archaeological findings, the book provides an analysis of the status and influence of women in this period. Their contribution is explored first within the context of Isma'ili and Fatimid genealogical history, and then within the courts in their roles as mothers, courtesans, wives and daughters, and as workers and servants. Throughout the book, comparison is drawn with the status and roles of women in earlier, contemporary and subsequent Islamic as well as non-Islamic courts.
Susannah Heschel
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451829
- eISBN:
- 9780801471056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451829.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, Historiography
This chapter shows that Jewish scholars tested the boundaries between religious, political, and cultural modes of public expression by immersing themselves in the study of Islam—some to the point of ...
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This chapter shows that Jewish scholars tested the boundaries between religious, political, and cultural modes of public expression by immersing themselves in the study of Islam—some to the point of conversion. This engagement with Muslim literature and culture, which persisted until the Second World War, enabled some Jewish scholars to cast themselves as intermediaries between Eastern and Western aesthetics and theology. By forging a middle ground, they helped to relieve the social and political pressures Jews experienced in late-nineteenth-and early-twentieth-century Europe. The positive view of Islam that prevailed among Jewish theologians allowed it to function as a template for presenting central Jewish ideas, such as monotheism, rejection of anthropomorphism, and religious law as divine revelation.Less
This chapter shows that Jewish scholars tested the boundaries between religious, political, and cultural modes of public expression by immersing themselves in the study of Islam—some to the point of conversion. This engagement with Muslim literature and culture, which persisted until the Second World War, enabled some Jewish scholars to cast themselves as intermediaries between Eastern and Western aesthetics and theology. By forging a middle ground, they helped to relieve the social and political pressures Jews experienced in late-nineteenth-and early-twentieth-century Europe. The positive view of Islam that prevailed among Jewish theologians allowed it to function as a template for presenting central Jewish ideas, such as monotheism, rejection of anthropomorphism, and religious law as divine revelation.
Jonathan Scourfield, Sophie Gilliat-Ray, Asma Khan, and Sameh Otri
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199600311
- eISBN:
- 9780191765421
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199600311.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam, Religious Studies
Chapter 5 looks specifically at formal learning about Islam. Most of this material relates to religious organizations; mosques and Islamic Studies schools. However, many children have formal lessons ...
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Chapter 5 looks specifically at formal learning about Islam. Most of this material relates to religious organizations; mosques and Islamic Studies schools. However, many children have formal lessons in teachers’ homes, or teachers come to them, so the chapter also includes discussion of home-based formal religious education. Chapters 4 and 5 form a pair of chapters focused on how children are taught explicitly about Islam. The remaining empirical chapters are less explicit about the teaching of religion, but are concerned with how the social context of young Muslim children has an impact on religious nurture. Chapter 5 first introduces the terrain of formal education in Muslim communities. There follows material on religious socialization with other children, approaches to learning in supplementary schools, and parents’ and children’s views of mosque facilities. The chapter concludes with a section on formal teaching and learning in family homes.Less
Chapter 5 looks specifically at formal learning about Islam. Most of this material relates to religious organizations; mosques and Islamic Studies schools. However, many children have formal lessons in teachers’ homes, or teachers come to them, so the chapter also includes discussion of home-based formal religious education. Chapters 4 and 5 form a pair of chapters focused on how children are taught explicitly about Islam. The remaining empirical chapters are less explicit about the teaching of religion, but are concerned with how the social context of young Muslim children has an impact on religious nurture. Chapter 5 first introduces the terrain of formal education in Muslim communities. There follows material on religious socialization with other children, approaches to learning in supplementary schools, and parents’ and children’s views of mosque facilities. The chapter concludes with a section on formal teaching and learning in family homes.
Christian W. Troll and C.T.R. Hewer (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823243198
- eISBN:
- 9780823243235
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823243198.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This book captures the autobiographical reflections of twenty-eight Christians who were amongst those who, in the wake of the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) and initiatives of the World Council of ...
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This book captures the autobiographical reflections of twenty-eight Christians who were amongst those who, in the wake of the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) and initiatives of the World Council of Churches, committed their lives to the study of Islam and to practical Christian-Muslim relations in new and irenic ways. They record what drew them into the study of Islam, how their careers developed, what sustained them in this work and salient milestones along the way. These men and women come from a dozen nationalities and across the spectrum of the Western Church. Their accounts take us to twenty-five countries and into all the branches of Islamic studies: Qur'an, Hadith, Shari'a, Sufism, philology, theology and philosophy. They range in age from late-forties to late-nineties and so have a wealth of experience to share. They give fascinating insights into personal encounters with Islam and Muslims, speak of the ways in which their Christian traditions of spiritual training formed and nourished them, and deal with some of the misunderstandings and opposition that they have faced along the way. In an analytical conclusion, the editors draw out themes and pointers towards future developments. Such a constellation has not existed before and will not be seen again for at least half a century. Theirs is a unique generation and this is their considered contribution to the state of Christian-Muslim engagement today.Less
This book captures the autobiographical reflections of twenty-eight Christians who were amongst those who, in the wake of the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) and initiatives of the World Council of Churches, committed their lives to the study of Islam and to practical Christian-Muslim relations in new and irenic ways. They record what drew them into the study of Islam, how their careers developed, what sustained them in this work and salient milestones along the way. These men and women come from a dozen nationalities and across the spectrum of the Western Church. Their accounts take us to twenty-five countries and into all the branches of Islamic studies: Qur'an, Hadith, Shari'a, Sufism, philology, theology and philosophy. They range in age from late-forties to late-nineties and so have a wealth of experience to share. They give fascinating insights into personal encounters with Islam and Muslims, speak of the ways in which their Christian traditions of spiritual training formed and nourished them, and deal with some of the misunderstandings and opposition that they have faced along the way. In an analytical conclusion, the editors draw out themes and pointers towards future developments. Such a constellation has not existed before and will not be seen again for at least half a century. Theirs is a unique generation and this is their considered contribution to the state of Christian-Muslim engagement today.
James Grehan
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199373031
- eISBN:
- 9780199373055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199373031.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Conventional treatments of religion stress official ritual, doctrine, and law. What they overlook is living practice, which often has little to do with religion as revealed in the philological study ...
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Conventional treatments of religion stress official ritual, doctrine, and law. What they overlook is living practice, which often has little to do with religion as revealed in the philological study of texts. Historians have long known about the deficiencies of this overly bookish interpretation of religion and sought out what they have called ‘popular religion’. Yet this concept is, for various reasons, flawed or incomplete. This book argues that the proper category for a true social history of religion is “agrarian religion,” which transcended all the official religious traditions—Islam, Christianity, and Judaism—of the premodern Middle East.Less
Conventional treatments of religion stress official ritual, doctrine, and law. What they overlook is living practice, which often has little to do with religion as revealed in the philological study of texts. Historians have long known about the deficiencies of this overly bookish interpretation of religion and sought out what they have called ‘popular religion’. Yet this concept is, for various reasons, flawed or incomplete. This book argues that the proper category for a true social history of religion is “agrarian religion,” which transcended all the official religious traditions—Islam, Christianity, and Judaism—of the premodern Middle East.
Adam J. Silverstein
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198797227
- eISBN:
- 9780191838712
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198797227.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Having zoomed-in on a number of examples of the interaction between Esther and Islamic cultures throughout the book, in this chapter we defocus our gaze, zoom out and consider the wider ramifications ...
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Having zoomed-in on a number of examples of the interaction between Esther and Islamic cultures throughout the book, in this chapter we defocus our gaze, zoom out and consider the wider ramifications of the study, as a whole, to “Islamic studies”, “biblical studies”, and “Jewish studies”, respectively. In doing this, the main points made in the book are summarized and reviewed according to contributions made to each of these scholarly fields. Moreover, it is argued that there is merit in adopting a comparative approach to certain topics in the fields of Near and Middle Eastern studies, despite the recent trend towards specializing within these fields. In particular, it is suggested that future study of the “Persian” books of the Bible might benefit from recourse to Islamic-era Persian materials.Less
Having zoomed-in on a number of examples of the interaction between Esther and Islamic cultures throughout the book, in this chapter we defocus our gaze, zoom out and consider the wider ramifications of the study, as a whole, to “Islamic studies”, “biblical studies”, and “Jewish studies”, respectively. In doing this, the main points made in the book are summarized and reviewed according to contributions made to each of these scholarly fields. Moreover, it is argued that there is merit in adopting a comparative approach to certain topics in the fields of Near and Middle Eastern studies, despite the recent trend towards specializing within these fields. In particular, it is suggested that future study of the “Persian” books of the Bible might benefit from recourse to Islamic-era Persian materials.
Anver M. Emon
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- June 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198706601
- eISBN:
- 9780191778469
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198706601.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Judaism
This Response provides a response to Chapter 1 which is about Judaism and natural law. The response addresses the common presumption of natural law as associated with the Latin West, and explores the ...
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This Response provides a response to Chapter 1 which is about Judaism and natural law. The response addresses the common presumption of natural law as associated with the Latin West, and explores the relevance, let alone possibility, of positing a natural law theory within a tradition from traditions that have a different genealogy. In particular, it takes issue with those who would reject a Jewish or Islamic natural law as anachronistic to the respective traditions. Moreover, it reflects on the common presumption of natural law as espousing universal values, while also addressing whether, how and to what extent a community of tradition, with its own conceptual vocabulary, can contribute to a natural law discourse.Less
This Response provides a response to Chapter 1 which is about Judaism and natural law. The response addresses the common presumption of natural law as associated with the Latin West, and explores the relevance, let alone possibility, of positing a natural law theory within a tradition from traditions that have a different genealogy. In particular, it takes issue with those who would reject a Jewish or Islamic natural law as anachronistic to the respective traditions. Moreover, it reflects on the common presumption of natural law as espousing universal values, while also addressing whether, how and to what extent a community of tradition, with its own conceptual vocabulary, can contribute to a natural law discourse.
Jan Loop
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199682140
- eISBN:
- 9780191804809
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199682140.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
The Reformed Church historian and orientalist Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667) is a key figure in the history of Arabic and Islamic studies in early modern Europe. His life and his work have ...
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The Reformed Church historian and orientalist Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667) is a key figure in the history of Arabic and Islamic studies in early modern Europe. His life and his work have been almost completely neglected and there has never been a full-length study on Hottinger. This book presents a thorough documentation of Hottinger's Arabic and Islamic studies. Based on printed books and a great number of unpublished and hitherto unknown manuscripts, the book assesses his scholarship in the context of seventeenth-century oriental studies and confessional rivalries. The book contains a biographical account of Hottinger and inserts him into the Zurich tradition of oriental studies, which can be traced back to Theodor Bibliander and Konrad Pellikan in the sixteenth century. It gives an account of his years as a student of Jacobus Golius in Leiden, where Hottinger copied and collected an impressive number of Arabic manuscripts on which he later based his teaching and his publications. It also explores Hottinger's network in the Protestant Republic of Letters and contains studies of his activities as a bibliographer of Arabic texts, as a teacher of the Arabic language, as a linguist who promoted a comparative approach to oriental languages, as a student of the history of Islam, and as a Protestant who used his knowledge of Arabic and of Islam in the theological debates of the time.Less
The Reformed Church historian and orientalist Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667) is a key figure in the history of Arabic and Islamic studies in early modern Europe. His life and his work have been almost completely neglected and there has never been a full-length study on Hottinger. This book presents a thorough documentation of Hottinger's Arabic and Islamic studies. Based on printed books and a great number of unpublished and hitherto unknown manuscripts, the book assesses his scholarship in the context of seventeenth-century oriental studies and confessional rivalries. The book contains a biographical account of Hottinger and inserts him into the Zurich tradition of oriental studies, which can be traced back to Theodor Bibliander and Konrad Pellikan in the sixteenth century. It gives an account of his years as a student of Jacobus Golius in Leiden, where Hottinger copied and collected an impressive number of Arabic manuscripts on which he later based his teaching and his publications. It also explores Hottinger's network in the Protestant Republic of Letters and contains studies of his activities as a bibliographer of Arabic texts, as a teacher of the Arabic language, as a linguist who promoted a comparative approach to oriental languages, as a student of the history of Islam, and as a Protestant who used his knowledge of Arabic and of Islam in the theological debates of the time.
Jane Smith
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231140201
- eISBN:
- 9780231530781
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231140201.003.0021
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter looks at the history of Islam in America. The history of the Muslim faith in America exemplifies many of the principles associated with immigration, the globalization of American ...
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This chapter looks at the history of Islam in America. The history of the Muslim faith in America exemplifies many of the principles associated with immigration, the globalization of American religious communities, and ethnic insularity and self-definitions. The first significant entry of Muslims onto the American continent took place with the African slave trade from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. The earliest Muslim immigrants arrived between 1875 and 1912 from the rural areas of Greater Syria in the Ottoman Empire, what today is Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian Authority, and Israel. This chapter also examines the African Americans' embrace of Islam in their effort to find an identity and a place in American society, with particular emphasis on the rise of the Nation of Islam. It also considers white converts to Islam, Muslim ideologies and institutions in America, and issues and concerns for the American Muslim community. Finally, it assesses the current state of Islamic studies in the United States.Less
This chapter looks at the history of Islam in America. The history of the Muslim faith in America exemplifies many of the principles associated with immigration, the globalization of American religious communities, and ethnic insularity and self-definitions. The first significant entry of Muslims onto the American continent took place with the African slave trade from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. The earliest Muslim immigrants arrived between 1875 and 1912 from the rural areas of Greater Syria in the Ottoman Empire, what today is Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian Authority, and Israel. This chapter also examines the African Americans' embrace of Islam in their effort to find an identity and a place in American society, with particular emphasis on the rise of the Nation of Islam. It also considers white converts to Islam, Muslim ideologies and institutions in America, and issues and concerns for the American Muslim community. Finally, it assesses the current state of Islamic studies in the United States.
Nabil Mouline
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780300178906
- eISBN:
- 9780300206616
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300178906.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Followers of Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Wahhab, often considered to be Islam's Martin Luther, shaped the political and religious identity of the Saudi state while also enabling the significant worldwide ...
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Followers of Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Wahhab, often considered to be Islam's Martin Luther, shaped the political and religious identity of the Saudi state while also enabling the significant worldwide expansion of Salafist Islam. Studies of the movement he inspired, however, have often been limited by scholars' insufficient access to key sources within Saudi Arabia. This book includes details from interviews and observations gathered from research in important Saudi archives. The text studies the Wahhabi religious movement from its founding to the modern day. Gleaning information from both written and oral sources and employing a multidisciplinary approach that combines history, sociology, and Islamic studies, the text presents a new reading of this movement that transcends the usual resort to polemics.Less
Followers of Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Wahhab, often considered to be Islam's Martin Luther, shaped the political and religious identity of the Saudi state while also enabling the significant worldwide expansion of Salafist Islam. Studies of the movement he inspired, however, have often been limited by scholars' insufficient access to key sources within Saudi Arabia. This book includes details from interviews and observations gathered from research in important Saudi archives. The text studies the Wahhabi religious movement from its founding to the modern day. Gleaning information from both written and oral sources and employing a multidisciplinary approach that combines history, sociology, and Islamic studies, the text presents a new reading of this movement that transcends the usual resort to polemics.
Jan Loop
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199682140
- eISBN:
- 9780191804809
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199682140.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter focuses on Johann Heinrich Hottinger's Arabic and Islamic studies in Zurich and Heidelberg. It first considers Hottinger's appointment as professor of catechesis at the Collegium ...
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This chapter focuses on Johann Heinrich Hottinger's Arabic and Islamic studies in Zurich and Heidelberg. It first considers Hottinger's appointment as professor of catechesis at the Collegium Humanitatis in 1643 before turning to his method of instruction concerning Islam and the Koran as well as the religious, cultural, political, and social history of the Near East. It then examines the impact of oriental printing presses in the two centres of Reformed orthodoxy on the manner of teaching future Reformed ministers. It also discussses Hottinger's publications, including a student manual that details the history of the Islamic world, his Thesaurus Philologicus, his Hebrew grammar entitled Erotematum Linguae Sanctae conscripti in usum scholae Tigurinae, Lexicon Harmonicum, and Smegma Orientale. The chapter concludes with an assessment of Hottinger's teaching of oriental philology and the history of comparative semitic philology, as well as his meeting with Hiob Ludolf for the first time in July 1658.Less
This chapter focuses on Johann Heinrich Hottinger's Arabic and Islamic studies in Zurich and Heidelberg. It first considers Hottinger's appointment as professor of catechesis at the Collegium Humanitatis in 1643 before turning to his method of instruction concerning Islam and the Koran as well as the religious, cultural, political, and social history of the Near East. It then examines the impact of oriental printing presses in the two centres of Reformed orthodoxy on the manner of teaching future Reformed ministers. It also discussses Hottinger's publications, including a student manual that details the history of the Islamic world, his Thesaurus Philologicus, his Hebrew grammar entitled Erotematum Linguae Sanctae conscripti in usum scholae Tigurinae, Lexicon Harmonicum, and Smegma Orientale. The chapter concludes with an assessment of Hottinger's teaching of oriental philology and the history of comparative semitic philology, as well as his meeting with Hiob Ludolf for the first time in July 1658.
Samuel Helfont
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190843311
- eISBN:
- 9780190843342
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190843311.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter discusses the limits of the regime’s attempts to co-opt religious leaders in Iraq, which resulted in a dearth of trusted religious scholars. Often, religious leaders who cooperated with ...
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This chapter discusses the limits of the regime’s attempts to co-opt religious leaders in Iraq, which resulted in a dearth of trusted religious scholars. Often, religious leaders who cooperated with the regime continued to secretly hold and propagate views that the regime did not like; they were unreliable, and they often subtly resisted the Ba‘thist interpretations of Islam. This occurred most prominently with regard to sectarian views, which the regime wished to suppress, but which religious leaders in official institutions continued to promote. To address the problem, the regime created institutions to create trusted religious leaders. These included the Saddam Institute for Imams and Sermon Givers in 1985 and then the Saddam University for Islamic Studies in 1987. The regime tightly controlled who was accepted to these institutions and what they studied.Less
This chapter discusses the limits of the regime’s attempts to co-opt religious leaders in Iraq, which resulted in a dearth of trusted religious scholars. Often, religious leaders who cooperated with the regime continued to secretly hold and propagate views that the regime did not like; they were unreliable, and they often subtly resisted the Ba‘thist interpretations of Islam. This occurred most prominently with regard to sectarian views, which the regime wished to suppress, but which religious leaders in official institutions continued to promote. To address the problem, the regime created institutions to create trusted religious leaders. These included the Saddam Institute for Imams and Sermon Givers in 1985 and then the Saddam University for Islamic Studies in 1987. The regime tightly controlled who was accepted to these institutions and what they studied.
Syed Farid Alatas
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198090458
- eISBN:
- 9780199082636
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198090458.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Chapter 5 points out that, while there is a systematic theory of society to be found in the works of Ibn Khaldun, there has been insufficient attention to it in introductory textbooks on the history ...
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Chapter 5 points out that, while there is a systematic theory of society to be found in the works of Ibn Khaldun, there has been insufficient attention to it in introductory textbooks on the history of the various social sciences and on more specialized topics to which Ibn Khaldun’s science is obviously relevant. In terms of the themes, concepts and framework of the Muqaddimathat make up the theory of the rise and decline of dynasties, Ibn Khaldun is certainly relevant to the modern social sciences. Nevertheless, there has been a dearth of attention to his works, especially in the social science curricula in universities. The chapter goes on to discuss the possibility of developing Khaldunian social science by combining his theoretical insights with those of the modern social sciences.Less
Chapter 5 points out that, while there is a systematic theory of society to be found in the works of Ibn Khaldun, there has been insufficient attention to it in introductory textbooks on the history of the various social sciences and on more specialized topics to which Ibn Khaldun’s science is obviously relevant. In terms of the themes, concepts and framework of the Muqaddimathat make up the theory of the rise and decline of dynasties, Ibn Khaldun is certainly relevant to the modern social sciences. Nevertheless, there has been a dearth of attention to his works, especially in the social science curricula in universities. The chapter goes on to discuss the possibility of developing Khaldunian social science by combining his theoretical insights with those of the modern social sciences.
Samuel Helfont
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190843311
- eISBN:
- 9780190843342
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190843311.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter discusses changes in Iraq’s religious landscape during and after the Gulf War. Because Saudi Arabia was a major adversary of the regime during the conflict, the Saudi-backed ...
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This chapter discusses changes in Iraq’s religious landscape during and after the Gulf War. Because Saudi Arabia was a major adversary of the regime during the conflict, the Saudi-backed Wahhabism/Salafism became a significant threat. The regime reorganized its institutions to deal with Wahhabism and Salafism, terms that it viewed as synonymous. Several of the regime’s institutions, such as the Popular Islamic Conference Organization and the Saddam University for Islamic Studies, were originally founded with Saudi assistance. Now these institutions needed to purge Saudis and their allies from them. Following the Gulf War, there were major uprisings in the Shi’i-dominated areas of Iraq. This chapter also discusses how the regime dealt with those uprisings and dispels the popular myth that the regime’s policies were driven by Sunni sectarianism.Less
This chapter discusses changes in Iraq’s religious landscape during and after the Gulf War. Because Saudi Arabia was a major adversary of the regime during the conflict, the Saudi-backed Wahhabism/Salafism became a significant threat. The regime reorganized its institutions to deal with Wahhabism and Salafism, terms that it viewed as synonymous. Several of the regime’s institutions, such as the Popular Islamic Conference Organization and the Saddam University for Islamic Studies, were originally founded with Saudi assistance. Now these institutions needed to purge Saudis and their allies from them. Following the Gulf War, there were major uprisings in the Shi’i-dominated areas of Iraq. This chapter also discusses how the regime dealt with those uprisings and dispels the popular myth that the regime’s policies were driven by Sunni sectarianism.
Jan Loop
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199682140
- eISBN:
- 9780191804809
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199682140.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter focuses on the education of Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667), a Reformed Church historian and orientalist, from his entrance to the Schola Tigurina in 1626 at the age of seven and ...
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This chapter focuses on the education of Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667), a Reformed Church historian and orientalist, from his entrance to the Schola Tigurina in 1626 at the age of seven and the Collegium Humanitatis at the age of ten to his completion of the customary course of lectures in Zurich at the age of seventeen. The chapter considers Hottinger's place in the Zurich tradition of oriental studies by focusing on his scholarly activities during his first fifteen years in Zurich, as well as his years in Leiden where he established a lifelong friendship with Jacobus Golius (1640–1641). It also discusses Hottinger's Arabic studies and the support he received from various people, including Matthias Pasor (1599–1658), along with the significance of the Schola Tigurinorum Carolina for him. Finally, it examines the concept of the Antichrist, Theodor Bibliander's efforts in the propagation of Arabic and Islamic studies, and Hotttinger's years in Heidelberg and his return to Zurich in 1661.Less
This chapter focuses on the education of Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667), a Reformed Church historian and orientalist, from his entrance to the Schola Tigurina in 1626 at the age of seven and the Collegium Humanitatis at the age of ten to his completion of the customary course of lectures in Zurich at the age of seventeen. The chapter considers Hottinger's place in the Zurich tradition of oriental studies by focusing on his scholarly activities during his first fifteen years in Zurich, as well as his years in Leiden where he established a lifelong friendship with Jacobus Golius (1640–1641). It also discusses Hottinger's Arabic studies and the support he received from various people, including Matthias Pasor (1599–1658), along with the significance of the Schola Tigurinorum Carolina for him. Finally, it examines the concept of the Antichrist, Theodor Bibliander's efforts in the propagation of Arabic and Islamic studies, and Hotttinger's years in Heidelberg and his return to Zurich in 1661.
