Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198075042
- eISBN:
- 9780199080816
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198075042.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
It is easy to pick holes in the nationalist representation of Indian civilization. This chapter looks at some of its problems and infirmities. It refutes the assumption of the continuity — in terms ...
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It is easy to pick holes in the nationalist representation of Indian civilization. This chapter looks at some of its problems and infirmities. It refutes the assumption of the continuity — in terms of location in a territorially defined political unit over a long period — in Indian civilization. The chapter goes on to evaluate works of modern Indian historiographers.Less
It is easy to pick holes in the nationalist representation of Indian civilization. This chapter looks at some of its problems and infirmities. It refutes the assumption of the continuity — in terms of location in a territorially defined political unit over a long period — in Indian civilization. The chapter goes on to evaluate works of modern Indian historiographers.
Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198075042
- eISBN:
- 9780199080816
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198075042.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
This chapter begins by providing a background to the colonial/Orientalist narratives that framed the discourses of ‘talking back’. James Mill’s History of British India and his adverse evaluation of ...
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This chapter begins by providing a background to the colonial/Orientalist narratives that framed the discourses of ‘talking back’. James Mill’s History of British India and his adverse evaluation of Indian civilization are examined in detail. The chapter then moves on to responses of Mills version of Indian history from Bankimchandra Chatterjee, a litterateur, and R.G. Bhandarkar, one of the first professional Indian historians.Less
This chapter begins by providing a background to the colonial/Orientalist narratives that framed the discourses of ‘talking back’. James Mill’s History of British India and his adverse evaluation of Indian civilization are examined in detail. The chapter then moves on to responses of Mills version of Indian history from Bankimchandra Chatterjee, a litterateur, and R.G. Bhandarkar, one of the first professional Indian historians.
Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198075042
- eISBN:
- 9780199080816
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198075042.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
Colonial histories of India were largely monologues. From the turn of the nineteenth century, Indians began to ‘talk back’, questioning colonial assumptions and narratives of India’s past. This book ...
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Colonial histories of India were largely monologues. From the turn of the nineteenth century, Indians began to ‘talk back’, questioning colonial assumptions and narratives of India’s past. This book examines the point of this endeavour, what Indians said when they began to talk back, and the discourse of civilization. This rhetoric took many forms: from the defence of Indian civilization, the tendency towards vainglorious depiction of ‘Hindu civilization’, and the assertion of civilizational unity in the distant past to creating a surrogate for nationhood. This book examines this discourse in the works of R.G. Bhandarkar and Bankimchandra Chatterjee and explores the evolution of the idea of civilization in the writings of luminaries like Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, and Jawaharlal Nehru.Less
Colonial histories of India were largely monologues. From the turn of the nineteenth century, Indians began to ‘talk back’, questioning colonial assumptions and narratives of India’s past. This book examines the point of this endeavour, what Indians said when they began to talk back, and the discourse of civilization. This rhetoric took many forms: from the defence of Indian civilization, the tendency towards vainglorious depiction of ‘Hindu civilization’, and the assertion of civilizational unity in the distant past to creating a surrogate for nationhood. This book examines this discourse in the works of R.G. Bhandarkar and Bankimchandra Chatterjee and explores the evolution of the idea of civilization in the writings of luminaries like Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, and Jawaharlal Nehru.
Thomas R. Trautmann
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520205468
- eISBN:
- 9780520917927
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520205468.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter explores the concept of the so-called racial theory of Indian civilization. It explains that the abrupt decoupling of race and language was a reaction against the Aryan idea, ...
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This chapter explores the concept of the so-called racial theory of Indian civilization. It explains that the abrupt decoupling of race and language was a reaction against the Aryan idea, particularly against the assertion that Indians were kin to Europeans, and that it attacked the authority of the comparative philologists and Sanskritists. The deepening time of race formation acted to solidify the idea of race as an entity independent of language. In addition, the acceptance of the new Darwinian reading of the history of biological forms invalidated claims that India's ancient literature was a testament of the primitive state.Less
This chapter explores the concept of the so-called racial theory of Indian civilization. It explains that the abrupt decoupling of race and language was a reaction against the Aryan idea, particularly against the assertion that Indians were kin to Europeans, and that it attacked the authority of the comparative philologists and Sanskritists. The deepening time of race formation acted to solidify the idea of race as an entity independent of language. In addition, the acceptance of the new Darwinian reading of the history of biological forms invalidated claims that India's ancient literature was a testament of the primitive state.
Sagarika Dutt
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719069000
- eISBN:
- 9781781701409
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719069000.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book looks at India in the context of a globalized world. It starts by looking at the history of Indian civilization, exploring the roots of Indian identity and highlighting processes such as ...
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This book looks at India in the context of a globalized world. It starts by looking at the history of Indian civilization, exploring the roots of Indian identity and highlighting processes such as foreign invasions, foreign trade, cultural imperialism, colonial rule and the growth of Indian nationalism. The founding fathers wanted India to be a liberal democracy and the values enshrined in the constitution were expected to form the basis of a society more in tune with the modern world. The book examines the gradual democratization of Indian politics. Cultural and ethnic divisions in Indian society are examined in depth, as are the problems that have prevented economic development and stood in the way of economic liberalization. The history of India's integration into the global economy is considered, and the opportunities available to the country in the early years of the twenty-first century are detailed. Alternative approaches to the development of the country, such as those put forward by Gandhi, are discussed, and the final chapters consider the Indian government's perception of the Indian diaspora, as well as the changing priorities reflected in India's foreign policy since 1947.Less
This book looks at India in the context of a globalized world. It starts by looking at the history of Indian civilization, exploring the roots of Indian identity and highlighting processes such as foreign invasions, foreign trade, cultural imperialism, colonial rule and the growth of Indian nationalism. The founding fathers wanted India to be a liberal democracy and the values enshrined in the constitution were expected to form the basis of a society more in tune with the modern world. The book examines the gradual democratization of Indian politics. Cultural and ethnic divisions in Indian society are examined in depth, as are the problems that have prevented economic development and stood in the way of economic liberalization. The history of India's integration into the global economy is considered, and the opportunities available to the country in the early years of the twenty-first century are detailed. Alternative approaches to the development of the country, such as those put forward by Gandhi, are discussed, and the final chapters consider the Indian government's perception of the Indian diaspora, as well as the changing priorities reflected in India's foreign policy since 1947.
Balmiki Prasad Singh
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198060635
- eISBN:
- 9780199080250
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198060635.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Indian civilization is deep-rooted and far-reaching. There were four encounters that have been seminal in Indian civilization. Each of these four civilizational encounters has deeply influenced the ...
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Indian civilization is deep-rooted and far-reaching. There were four encounters that have been seminal in Indian civilization. Each of these four civilizational encounters has deeply influenced the society, families, and individual beings and are living parts of consciousness and ways of living. The fifth civilizational encounter, encompassing all aspects of our living is the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Revolution. Based on connectivity, ICT is radically transforming production and consumption pattern; access to information; governance; and politics. As warned by Mahatma Gandhi, it is also necessary to be aware of the evils associated with machines. There are two divergent views about Mahatma Gandhi's attitude towards ‘machines’ and ‘modernization’. The comments of Rabindranath Tagore, Jawaharlal Nehru and Ernest Fritz Schumacher are chosen for further discussion.Less
Indian civilization is deep-rooted and far-reaching. There were four encounters that have been seminal in Indian civilization. Each of these four civilizational encounters has deeply influenced the society, families, and individual beings and are living parts of consciousness and ways of living. The fifth civilizational encounter, encompassing all aspects of our living is the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Revolution. Based on connectivity, ICT is radically transforming production and consumption pattern; access to information; governance; and politics. As warned by Mahatma Gandhi, it is also necessary to be aware of the evils associated with machines. There are two divergent views about Mahatma Gandhi's attitude towards ‘machines’ and ‘modernization’. The comments of Rabindranath Tagore, Jawaharlal Nehru and Ernest Fritz Schumacher are chosen for further discussion.
Thomas R. Trautmann
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520205468
- eISBN:
- 9780520917927
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520205468.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This introductory chapter explains the theme of this book, which is about the Indo-European or Aryan concept. This concept has certain formal properties of its own that have been more or less stable ...
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This introductory chapter explains the theme of this book, which is about the Indo-European or Aryan concept. This concept has certain formal properties of its own that have been more or less stable from its inception in the eighteenth century to the present. The chapter explores the racial theory of Indian civilization, the British ethnologies of India in the period of empire, and the creation of anthropology as a specialized science. It also traces the usage of the Sanskrit word arya and describes those who are considered Aryans.Less
This introductory chapter explains the theme of this book, which is about the Indo-European or Aryan concept. This concept has certain formal properties of its own that have been more or less stable from its inception in the eighteenth century to the present. The chapter explores the racial theory of Indian civilization, the British ethnologies of India in the period of empire, and the creation of anthropology as a specialized science. It also traces the usage of the Sanskrit word arya and describes those who are considered Aryans.
Sagarika Dutt
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719069000
- eISBN:
- 9781781701409
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719069000.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter focuses on the history of India. It explores the roots of Indian identity and discusses how the Indian civilisation was influenced by various processes such as foreign invasions, foreign ...
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This chapter focuses on the history of India. It explores the roots of Indian identity and discusses how the Indian civilisation was influenced by various processes such as foreign invasions, foreign trade and cultural imperialism. This chapter suggests that these processes have forged links between Indian and other societies and explains that these links are being emphasized by both the Indian government and the media in this age of globalisation.Less
This chapter focuses on the history of India. It explores the roots of Indian identity and discusses how the Indian civilisation was influenced by various processes such as foreign invasions, foreign trade and cultural imperialism. This chapter suggests that these processes have forged links between Indian and other societies and explains that these links are being emphasized by both the Indian government and the media in this age of globalisation.
Jean M. O’Brien
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816665778
- eISBN:
- 9781452946672
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816665778.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter talks about the local narrators’ replacement of the Indian peoples through crafting a historical account invalidating prior Indian history as a dead-end civilization, and replacing it ...
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This chapter talks about the local narrators’ replacement of the Indian peoples through crafting a historical account invalidating prior Indian history as a dead-end civilization, and replacing it with a New England history of property agreements and fair relations that authorized their claims to the land. This message of replacement was also evidenced in other settings such as historical commemorations, relics and ruins, place-names, and the land itself. According to Michel-Rolph Trouillot, this kind of memorialization contributes to the creating, altering, and sanctioning of the public meanings attributed to historical events. Through these inaccurate perpetuations, local accounts demolished the complex history of Indian and English relations, and established the idea of rightful English replacement of Indian peoples.Less
This chapter talks about the local narrators’ replacement of the Indian peoples through crafting a historical account invalidating prior Indian history as a dead-end civilization, and replacing it with a New England history of property agreements and fair relations that authorized their claims to the land. This message of replacement was also evidenced in other settings such as historical commemorations, relics and ruins, place-names, and the land itself. According to Michel-Rolph Trouillot, this kind of memorialization contributes to the creating, altering, and sanctioning of the public meanings attributed to historical events. Through these inaccurate perpetuations, local accounts demolished the complex history of Indian and English relations, and established the idea of rightful English replacement of Indian peoples.
Thomas R. Trautmann
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520205468
- eISBN:
- 9780520917927
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520205468.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter presents additional discussion on the issue of the Aryan idea and the racial theory of the Indian civilization, providing commentaries on the social construction of race, the value of ...
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This chapter presents additional discussion on the issue of the Aryan idea and the racial theory of the Indian civilization, providing commentaries on the social construction of race, the value of the accomplishments of the British Sanskritists, and the impact of new Orientalism on India. It concludes that the political consequences of the Aryan or Indo-European idea do not reside within the idea itself but vary with circumstance, and are the creatures of historical conjuncture and human purpose.Less
This chapter presents additional discussion on the issue of the Aryan idea and the racial theory of the Indian civilization, providing commentaries on the social construction of race, the value of the accomplishments of the British Sanskritists, and the impact of new Orientalism on India. It concludes that the political consequences of the Aryan or Indo-European idea do not reside within the idea itself but vary with circumstance, and are the creatures of historical conjuncture and human purpose.
Ashis Nandy
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195683974
- eISBN:
- 9780199081448
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195683974.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This book tells the story of an apparently territorial journey—the one between the village and the city—to capture some of the core fantasies and anxieties of the Indian civilization in the past ...
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This book tells the story of an apparently territorial journey—the one between the village and the city—to capture some of the core fantasies and anxieties of the Indian civilization in the past hundred years. It looks at the vicissitudes of the metaphor of journey; profiles various heroes as they negotiate the transitions from the village to the city and back to the village; and focuses on the psychopathological journey from a poisoned village into a self-annihilating city. It contends that the decline of the village in the creative imagination of Indians in recent decades has altered the meaning of this journey drastically. And that even the true potentialities of Indian cosmopolitanism and urbanity cannot be realized without rediscovering the myth of the village.Less
This book tells the story of an apparently territorial journey—the one between the village and the city—to capture some of the core fantasies and anxieties of the Indian civilization in the past hundred years. It looks at the vicissitudes of the metaphor of journey; profiles various heroes as they negotiate the transitions from the village to the city and back to the village; and focuses on the psychopathological journey from a poisoned village into a self-annihilating city. It contends that the decline of the village in the creative imagination of Indians in recent decades has altered the meaning of this journey drastically. And that even the true potentialities of Indian cosmopolitanism and urbanity cannot be realized without rediscovering the myth of the village.
Ashis Nandy
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195683974
- eISBN:
- 9780199081448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195683974.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter focuses on vicissitudes of the metaphor of journey. It treats them not as an experience that is uniquely Indian, but as an artefact of Europe's age of arrogance in the tropics and as a ...
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This chapter focuses on vicissitudes of the metaphor of journey. It treats them not as an experience that is uniquely Indian, but as an artefact of Europe's age of arrogance in the tropics and as a register of the changing mythography of South Asian creativity during the last hundred years. It is argued that, during the period, certain core concerns and anxieties of Indian civilization have come to be reflected in the journey from the village to the city, and from the city to the village. Travel through space and time, the known and the unknown and, ultimately, the self and the not-self, get subsumed under these two humble forms of journey. It is shown that even the great Partition violence in north India, which killed millions during 1946–8, has become intertwined with the idea of the journey between the village and the city.Less
This chapter focuses on vicissitudes of the metaphor of journey. It treats them not as an experience that is uniquely Indian, but as an artefact of Europe's age of arrogance in the tropics and as a register of the changing mythography of South Asian creativity during the last hundred years. It is argued that, during the period, certain core concerns and anxieties of Indian civilization have come to be reflected in the journey from the village to the city, and from the city to the village. Travel through space and time, the known and the unknown and, ultimately, the self and the not-self, get subsumed under these two humble forms of journey. It is shown that even the great Partition violence in north India, which killed millions during 1946–8, has become intertwined with the idea of the journey between the village and the city.
David Andrew Nichols
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469626895
- eISBN:
- 9781469626918
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469626895.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
Between 1807 and 1812 the factory system reached institutional maturity, with a dozen posts serving Indian communities from the southern Appalachians to the Missouri Valley. These trading houses ...
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Between 1807 and 1812 the factory system reached institutional maturity, with a dozen posts serving Indian communities from the southern Appalachians to the Missouri Valley. These trading houses continued to serve the local agendas of Native American chiefs and hunters, as well as several different federal imperatives: diplomacy, land-acquisition, and the Indian “civilization” program. Some generated considerable business and revenue through sales of high-demand items like lead and small furs. Some provided acculturating Indians like the Wyandots with agricultural hardware and sophisticated consumer goods, encouraging their “civilization.” Some benefited only well-connected chiefs or private traders to whom the factors extended credit. One (Tellico) used factory debts and bribes to secure land cessions, but at the cost of a political revolution among the Cherokees. The trading houses became centers of dialogue between American national policies and local Indian socio-political aspirations, the latter of which, more often than not, prevailed.Less
Between 1807 and 1812 the factory system reached institutional maturity, with a dozen posts serving Indian communities from the southern Appalachians to the Missouri Valley. These trading houses continued to serve the local agendas of Native American chiefs and hunters, as well as several different federal imperatives: diplomacy, land-acquisition, and the Indian “civilization” program. Some generated considerable business and revenue through sales of high-demand items like lead and small furs. Some provided acculturating Indians like the Wyandots with agricultural hardware and sophisticated consumer goods, encouraging their “civilization.” Some benefited only well-connected chiefs or private traders to whom the factors extended credit. One (Tellico) used factory debts and bribes to secure land cessions, but at the cost of a political revolution among the Cherokees. The trading houses became centers of dialogue between American national policies and local Indian socio-political aspirations, the latter of which, more often than not, prevailed.
Toni Huber
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226356488
- eISBN:
- 9780226356501
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226356501.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Buddhism
The Dalai Lama has said that Tibetans consider themselves “the child of Indian civilization,” and that India is the “holy land” from whose sources the Tibetans have built their own civilization. What ...
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The Dalai Lama has said that Tibetans consider themselves “the child of Indian civilization,” and that India is the “holy land” from whose sources the Tibetans have built their own civilization. What explains this powerful allegiance to India? This book investigates how Tibetans have maintained a ritual relationship to India, particularly by way of pilgrimage, and what it means for them to consider India as their holy land. Focusing on the Tibetan creation and recreation of India as a destination, a landscape, and a kind of other, in both real and idealized terms, the book explores how Tibetans have used the idea of India as a religious territory and a sacred geography in the development of their own religion and society. It also takes up the meaning of India for the Tibetans who live in exile in their Buddhist holy land. The book describes changes in Tibetan constructs of India over the centuries, ultimately challenging largely static views of the sacred geography of Buddhism in India.Less
The Dalai Lama has said that Tibetans consider themselves “the child of Indian civilization,” and that India is the “holy land” from whose sources the Tibetans have built their own civilization. What explains this powerful allegiance to India? This book investigates how Tibetans have maintained a ritual relationship to India, particularly by way of pilgrimage, and what it means for them to consider India as their holy land. Focusing on the Tibetan creation and recreation of India as a destination, a landscape, and a kind of other, in both real and idealized terms, the book explores how Tibetans have used the idea of India as a religious territory and a sacred geography in the development of their own religion and society. It also takes up the meaning of India for the Tibetans who live in exile in their Buddhist holy land. The book describes changes in Tibetan constructs of India over the centuries, ultimately challenging largely static views of the sacred geography of Buddhism in India.
Christophe Jaffrelot
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190862985
- eISBN:
- 9780190943080
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190862985.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
Christophe Jaffrelot’s chapter highlights the polyvocal exchanges between Arabia and South Asia contributing to the making of the Indian Muslim Civilization. Tracing a historical path starting from ...
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Christophe Jaffrelot’s chapter highlights the polyvocal exchanges between Arabia and South Asia contributing to the making of the Indian Muslim Civilization. Tracing a historical path starting from the 1857-59 mutiny in colonial India, the chapter draws out the effects of the fall of the Mughal empire and the repression of the Mutiny on the reinforcement of ties between Arabian centers of Islam and Indian Muslims. It insists upon the mutuality of influences between the two in the flourishing of the Muslim cosmopolis. The chapter goes on to present the visions of a new Islamic Republic harbored by the promoters of Pakistan and the failed effort to build a trend-setting model of an Islamic State for the Muslim world. The historical progression of the chapter ultimately moves to examine the Arabization of Islam in Pakistan under President Mohammed Zia ul-Haq through his Islamization Policy and the rapprochement with the Gulf monarchies following the Afghan jihad explaining thus, the ‘gulfization’ of South Asian Islam.Less
Christophe Jaffrelot’s chapter highlights the polyvocal exchanges between Arabia and South Asia contributing to the making of the Indian Muslim Civilization. Tracing a historical path starting from the 1857-59 mutiny in colonial India, the chapter draws out the effects of the fall of the Mughal empire and the repression of the Mutiny on the reinforcement of ties between Arabian centers of Islam and Indian Muslims. It insists upon the mutuality of influences between the two in the flourishing of the Muslim cosmopolis. The chapter goes on to present the visions of a new Islamic Republic harbored by the promoters of Pakistan and the failed effort to build a trend-setting model of an Islamic State for the Muslim world. The historical progression of the chapter ultimately moves to examine the Arabization of Islam in Pakistan under President Mohammed Zia ul-Haq through his Islamization Policy and the rapprochement with the Gulf monarchies following the Afghan jihad explaining thus, the ‘gulfization’ of South Asian Islam.
Khushwant Singh
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195673081
- eISBN:
- 9780199080601
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195673081.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Sikhism
This chapter provides a detailed description of the Sikh homeland, Punjab. The beginning of the chapter presents a geographical description of the area, including its land forms and boundaries. The ...
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This chapter provides a detailed description of the Sikh homeland, Punjab. The beginning of the chapter presents a geographical description of the area, including its land forms and boundaries. The climate and landscape of the Punjab is examined, along with the various activities done during the different seasons. A brief description of the settlements and flora and fauna in the area is provided. It also explains of the origin of the name ‘Punjab’, and a discussion of the ancient Indian civilization. Indologists believe that the Indian civilization is one of the oldest in the world, and that the very centre of this civilization was in Punjab. It then looks at the Punjabis and the birth of Punjabi nationalism.Less
This chapter provides a detailed description of the Sikh homeland, Punjab. The beginning of the chapter presents a geographical description of the area, including its land forms and boundaries. The climate and landscape of the Punjab is examined, along with the various activities done during the different seasons. A brief description of the settlements and flora and fauna in the area is provided. It also explains of the origin of the name ‘Punjab’, and a discussion of the ancient Indian civilization. Indologists believe that the Indian civilization is one of the oldest in the world, and that the very centre of this civilization was in Punjab. It then looks at the Punjabis and the birth of Punjabi nationalism.
Tulsi Badrinath
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199465187
- eISBN:
- 9780199086511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199465187.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
In this essay, Badrinath points out the two different frameworks of perceiving man and the world: one is that of the modern Western political thought and the philosophy of law; and the other is that ...
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In this essay, Badrinath points out the two different frameworks of perceiving man and the world: one is that of the modern Western political thought and the philosophy of law; and the other is that of dharma and its method that characterizes the journey of Indian civilization. What is at the very heart of human diversities, and therefore of human freedom, is the question of truth, which is perceived by different people in different ways. Anekanta-vada, Badrinath says, demonstrates how all human perceptions are only partially true, that is, they are true only conditionally.Less
In this essay, Badrinath points out the two different frameworks of perceiving man and the world: one is that of the modern Western political thought and the philosophy of law; and the other is that of dharma and its method that characterizes the journey of Indian civilization. What is at the very heart of human diversities, and therefore of human freedom, is the question of truth, which is perceived by different people in different ways. Anekanta-vada, Badrinath says, demonstrates how all human perceptions are only partially true, that is, they are true only conditionally.
