John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266579
- eISBN:
- 9780191601446
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266573.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
The chapter is highly critical of the Wilson cabinet's failure to defend Northern Ireland's first consociational experiment, the Sunningdale Agreement, although it concedes that this agreement may ...
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The chapter is highly critical of the Wilson cabinet's failure to defend Northern Ireland's first consociational experiment, the Sunningdale Agreement, although it concedes that this agreement may have had an inevitable encounter with a coroner. It analyses the government's reaction to the 1974 strike by the Ulster Workers Council, which led to the demise of Sunningdale. The chapter also illustrates the limits of the Callaghan government's policies in Northern Ireland, including its flawed experiments in ‘Ulsterization’, ‘normalization’, and ‘criminalization’.Less
The chapter is highly critical of the Wilson cabinet's failure to defend Northern Ireland's first consociational experiment, the Sunningdale Agreement, although it concedes that this agreement may have had an inevitable encounter with a coroner. It analyses the government's reaction to the 1974 strike by the Ulster Workers Council, which led to the demise of Sunningdale. The chapter also illustrates the limits of the Callaghan government's policies in Northern Ireland, including its flawed experiments in ‘Ulsterization’, ‘normalization’, and ‘criminalization’.
Carl J. Griffin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526145628
- eISBN:
- 9781526152022
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526145635
- Subject:
- History, Social History
In the age of Malthus and the workhouse when the threat of famine and absolute biological want had supposedly been lifted from the peoples of England, hunger remained a potent political force – and ...
More
In the age of Malthus and the workhouse when the threat of famine and absolute biological want had supposedly been lifted from the peoples of England, hunger remained a potent political force – and problem. Yet hunger has been marginalized as an object of study by scholars of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century England, studies either framed through famine or left to historians of early modern England. The politics of hunger represents the first systematic attempt to think through the ways in which hunger persisted as something both feared and felt, as vital to public policy innovations, and as central to the emergence of new techniques of governing and disciplining populations. Beyond analysing the languages of hunger that informed food riots, other popular protests and popular politics, the study goes on to consider how hunger was made and measured in Speenhamland-style ‘hunger’ payments and workhouse dietaries, and used in the making and disciplining of the poor as racial subjects. Conceptually rich yet empirically grounded, the study draws together work on popular protest, popular politics, the old and new poor laws, Malthus and theories of population, race, biopolitics and the colonial making of famine, as well as reframing debates in social and economic history, historical geography and famine studies more generally. Complex and yet written in an accessible style, The politics of hunger will be of interest to anyone with an interest in the histories of protest, poverty and policy: specialists, students and general readers alike.Less
In the age of Malthus and the workhouse when the threat of famine and absolute biological want had supposedly been lifted from the peoples of England, hunger remained a potent political force – and problem. Yet hunger has been marginalized as an object of study by scholars of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century England, studies either framed through famine or left to historians of early modern England. The politics of hunger represents the first systematic attempt to think through the ways in which hunger persisted as something both feared and felt, as vital to public policy innovations, and as central to the emergence of new techniques of governing and disciplining populations. Beyond analysing the languages of hunger that informed food riots, other popular protests and popular politics, the study goes on to consider how hunger was made and measured in Speenhamland-style ‘hunger’ payments and workhouse dietaries, and used in the making and disciplining of the poor as racial subjects. Conceptually rich yet empirically grounded, the study draws together work on popular protest, popular politics, the old and new poor laws, Malthus and theories of population, race, biopolitics and the colonial making of famine, as well as reframing debates in social and economic history, historical geography and famine studies more generally. Complex and yet written in an accessible style, The politics of hunger will be of interest to anyone with an interest in the histories of protest, poverty and policy: specialists, students and general readers alike.
Juan Manuel Garrido
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823239351
- eISBN:
- 9780823239399
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823239351.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
This introductory chapter explains the main goal of this book: to define a traditional way of thinking life and to render plausible and relevant the task of carrying out a critical enquiry concerning ...
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This introductory chapter explains the main goal of this book: to define a traditional way of thinking life and to render plausible and relevant the task of carrying out a critical enquiry concerning it. Life has been traditionally understood as the self-appropriating and self-organizing process of not ceasing to be, or, as is also said, of taking care of one's own hunger. This conceptualization entails a particular understanding of time in natural processes conerning living beings and a particular conception of the being of living beings (for instance, as the “care” of not ceasing to be). It is held that the traditional concept of life has furnished the main paradigm for the concept of being, including in Heidegger's philosophy, so that the deconstruction of the traditional understanding of life entails a deconstruction of ontology. This introductory chapter includes a description of the content of the book.Less
This introductory chapter explains the main goal of this book: to define a traditional way of thinking life and to render plausible and relevant the task of carrying out a critical enquiry concerning it. Life has been traditionally understood as the self-appropriating and self-organizing process of not ceasing to be, or, as is also said, of taking care of one's own hunger. This conceptualization entails a particular understanding of time in natural processes conerning living beings and a particular conception of the being of living beings (for instance, as the “care” of not ceasing to be). It is held that the traditional concept of life has furnished the main paradigm for the concept of being, including in Heidegger's philosophy, so that the deconstruction of the traditional understanding of life entails a deconstruction of ontology. This introductory chapter includes a description of the content of the book.
Alan Gillis
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199277094
- eISBN:
- 9780191707483
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199277094.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
This chapter compares and contrasts Patrick Kavanagh’s The Great Hunger with Austin Clarke’s Night and Morning. It explores the manner in which Kavanagh vandalizes stereotypes of rural Ireland and ...
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This chapter compares and contrasts Patrick Kavanagh’s The Great Hunger with Austin Clarke’s Night and Morning. It explores the manner in which Kavanagh vandalizes stereotypes of rural Ireland and pastoral poetry, and focuses on central paradoxes of the poem. It argues that The Great Hunger is a savage indictment of a certain form of Romanticism, but is also deeply in thrall to it. It then moves to consider the poem as a highly sophisticated play upon multiple perspectives and tropes, arguing that this ironic sophistication constitutes the crux of its significance. The chapter then discusses the early ‘Irish mode’ of Austin Clarke, and examines Samuel Beckett’s critique of it. Similar to Kavanagh’s, Clarke’s poetry is found to be in thrall to that which it purportedly attacks — in this case, a form of conservative nationalism. A further discussion examines how such figurative similarities between the two poets create sharp differentiations in terms of style and political tenor.Less
This chapter compares and contrasts Patrick Kavanagh’s The Great Hunger with Austin Clarke’s Night and Morning. It explores the manner in which Kavanagh vandalizes stereotypes of rural Ireland and pastoral poetry, and focuses on central paradoxes of the poem. It argues that The Great Hunger is a savage indictment of a certain form of Romanticism, but is also deeply in thrall to it. It then moves to consider the poem as a highly sophisticated play upon multiple perspectives and tropes, arguing that this ironic sophistication constitutes the crux of its significance. The chapter then discusses the early ‘Irish mode’ of Austin Clarke, and examines Samuel Beckett’s critique of it. Similar to Kavanagh’s, Clarke’s poetry is found to be in thrall to that which it purportedly attacks — in this case, a form of conservative nationalism. A further discussion examines how such figurative similarities between the two poets create sharp differentiations in terms of style and political tenor.
Jean Drèze
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198833468
- eISBN:
- 9780191871900
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198833468.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The last twenty years have been a time of intense public debates on social policy in India. There have also been major initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, as well as ...
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The last twenty years have been a time of intense public debates on social policy in India. There have also been major initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, as well as resilient inertia in some fields. This book brings together some of Jean Drèze's contributions to these debates, along with other short essays on social development. The essays span the gamut of critical social policies, from education and health to poverty, nutrition, child care, corruption, employment, and social security. There are also less predictable topics such as the caste system, corporate power, nuclear disarmament, the Gujarat model, the Kashmir conflict, and universal basic income. The book aims at enlarging the boundaries of social development, towards a broad concern with the sort of society we want to create. The concluding essay, on public-spiritedness and solidarity, argues that the cultivation of enlightened social norms is an integral part of development. "Jholawala" has become a disparaging term for activists in the Indian business media. This book affirms the learning value of collective action combined with sound economic analysis. In his detailed introduction, the author argues for an approach to development economics where research and action are complementary and interconnected.Less
The last twenty years have been a time of intense public debates on social policy in India. There have also been major initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, as well as resilient inertia in some fields. This book brings together some of Jean Drèze's contributions to these debates, along with other short essays on social development. The essays span the gamut of critical social policies, from education and health to poverty, nutrition, child care, corruption, employment, and social security. There are also less predictable topics such as the caste system, corporate power, nuclear disarmament, the Gujarat model, the Kashmir conflict, and universal basic income. The book aims at enlarging the boundaries of social development, towards a broad concern with the sort of society we want to create. The concluding essay, on public-spiritedness and solidarity, argues that the cultivation of enlightened social norms is an integral part of development. "Jholawala" has become a disparaging term for activists in the Indian business media. This book affirms the learning value of collective action combined with sound economic analysis. In his detailed introduction, the author argues for an approach to development economics where research and action are complementary and interconnected.
Carl J. Griffin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526145628
- eISBN:
- 9781526152022
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526145635.00006
- Subject:
- History, Social History
By the early decades of the eighteenth century the peoples of England, so the received understanding goes, were beyond the ravages of famine. Southern England experienced its last ‘major’ famine in ...
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By the early decades of the eighteenth century the peoples of England, so the received understanding goes, were beyond the ravages of famine. Southern England experienced its last ‘major’ famine in the 1590s, northern England a little later in the 1620s. There is, of course, both a quantitative and a qualitative difference between the experience and effects of mass famine deaths and the fear of hunger. For between being bodily replete with no fear of want in the future to death from want there exists a wide spectrum of hungers. Famine forms one, horrific, end of the spectrum but it is not thespectrum of human experience. This chapter explores these complex understandings and in so doing argues that by fixating on famine – however understandable – we necessarily deny the effects that the fear of perishing from want had on the peoples of England beyond the age of famine.Less
By the early decades of the eighteenth century the peoples of England, so the received understanding goes, were beyond the ravages of famine. Southern England experienced its last ‘major’ famine in the 1590s, northern England a little later in the 1620s. There is, of course, both a quantitative and a qualitative difference between the experience and effects of mass famine deaths and the fear of hunger. For between being bodily replete with no fear of want in the future to death from want there exists a wide spectrum of hungers. Famine forms one, horrific, end of the spectrum but it is not thespectrum of human experience. This chapter explores these complex understandings and in so doing argues that by fixating on famine – however understandable – we necessarily deny the effects that the fear of perishing from want had on the peoples of England beyond the age of famine.
Carl J. Griffin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526145628
- eISBN:
- 9781526152022
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526145635.00008
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Rather than questioning the nutritional deficiencies of subsistence protestors or asking being hungry what do people do, this chapter asks how hunger as an idea, a discourse, was mobilised by poor ...
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Rather than questioning the nutritional deficiencies of subsistence protestors or asking being hungry what do people do, this chapter asks how hunger as an idea, a discourse, was mobilised by poor and the rulers of Britain alike. Hunger it suggests was a constant spectral presence, something mortally feared by the poor who wondered how they might feed their families and by the rich as the possible trigger for disorder and sedition. This complex interplay – much like E.P. Thompson’s ‘moral economy’ – was understood by both sides, the poor mobilizing the fear of hunger as likely to have mortal consequences for not only themselves but also the rich in threatening letters and as threats made during food riots; the rulers of local communities acting preemptively in the emergence of relief funds and in developing new forms of surveillance.Less
Rather than questioning the nutritional deficiencies of subsistence protestors or asking being hungry what do people do, this chapter asks how hunger as an idea, a discourse, was mobilised by poor and the rulers of Britain alike. Hunger it suggests was a constant spectral presence, something mortally feared by the poor who wondered how they might feed their families and by the rich as the possible trigger for disorder and sedition. This complex interplay – much like E.P. Thompson’s ‘moral economy’ – was understood by both sides, the poor mobilizing the fear of hunger as likely to have mortal consequences for not only themselves but also the rich in threatening letters and as threats made during food riots; the rulers of local communities acting preemptively in the emergence of relief funds and in developing new forms of surveillance.
Carl J. Griffin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526145628
- eISBN:
- 9781526152022
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526145635.00009
- Subject:
- History, Social History
The bitter repression of the national wave of riots during the subsistence crises of 1795-6 and 1800-1 led to the end of the food rioting tradition. Only in the ‘Hungry Forties’ was hunger ...
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The bitter repression of the national wave of riots during the subsistence crises of 1795-6 and 1800-1 led to the end of the food rioting tradition. Only in the ‘Hungry Forties’ was hunger ‘rediscovered’, the ‘struggle over the representation of scarcity’, as Peter Gurney has put it, being particularly acute in both the politicking of Chartism and the Anti-Corn Law League. So the received understanding goes. This chapter questions this position and analyses the ways in which the discourses detailed in chapter one persisted beyond 1801 and into the 1840s. In so doing it analyses the claims made in threatening letters, legal defences, claims made to (and quarrels with) poor law officials, as well as in popular political forms including speeches, broadsides and ballads, and political journalism.Less
The bitter repression of the national wave of riots during the subsistence crises of 1795-6 and 1800-1 led to the end of the food rioting tradition. Only in the ‘Hungry Forties’ was hunger ‘rediscovered’, the ‘struggle over the representation of scarcity’, as Peter Gurney has put it, being particularly acute in both the politicking of Chartism and the Anti-Corn Law League. So the received understanding goes. This chapter questions this position and analyses the ways in which the discourses detailed in chapter one persisted beyond 1801 and into the 1840s. In so doing it analyses the claims made in threatening letters, legal defences, claims made to (and quarrels with) poor law officials, as well as in popular political forms including speeches, broadsides and ballads, and political journalism.
Carl J. Griffin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526145628
- eISBN:
- 9781526152022
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526145635.00015
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Hunger was not just understood directly but something mobilised and mediated through the plight of distant others. In particular, the devastating famines of 1840s Ireland and India were critical in ...
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Hunger was not just understood directly but something mobilised and mediated through the plight of distant others. In particular, the devastating famines of 1840s Ireland and India were critical in shaping political languages of hunger in the Empire as a whole as well amongst the people of Britain. This chapter explores not the central governmental response to these famines – though this provides a critical context – but instead examines popular responses to the hunger of distant others in the 1840s. In so doing, chapter six examines both the discourses of response (and how these helped to shape understandings of hunger) as well as schemes to relieve famine and the distant hungry. It is argued that against the ideologically-driven official governmental response to these different famines, those who were only one act of misfortune away from being incarcerated in the workhouse and only one or two generations away from experiencing absolute hunger were quick to respond setting up collections and relief schemes. It acknowledges that the popular politics of hunger were not bound by the body or borders but were rooted in the uneven contours of solidarity and reciprocity.Less
Hunger was not just understood directly but something mobilised and mediated through the plight of distant others. In particular, the devastating famines of 1840s Ireland and India were critical in shaping political languages of hunger in the Empire as a whole as well amongst the people of Britain. This chapter explores not the central governmental response to these famines – though this provides a critical context – but instead examines popular responses to the hunger of distant others in the 1840s. In so doing, chapter six examines both the discourses of response (and how these helped to shape understandings of hunger) as well as schemes to relieve famine and the distant hungry. It is argued that against the ideologically-driven official governmental response to these different famines, those who were only one act of misfortune away from being incarcerated in the workhouse and only one or two generations away from experiencing absolute hunger were quick to respond setting up collections and relief schemes. It acknowledges that the popular politics of hunger were not bound by the body or borders but were rooted in the uneven contours of solidarity and reciprocity.
Victoria E. Ott (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469643205
- eISBN:
- 9781469643229
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469643205.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The plain folk of Alabama who supported the Confederacy used household objects to craft a new identity. To express that identity, they made military uniforms and supplied foodstuffs for soldiers. But ...
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The plain folk of Alabama who supported the Confederacy used household objects to craft a new identity. To express that identity, they made military uniforms and supplied foodstuffs for soldiers. But the war’s deprivations undermined the household and made many non-elite whites lose faith in the Confederacy.Less
The plain folk of Alabama who supported the Confederacy used household objects to craft a new identity. To express that identity, they made military uniforms and supplied foodstuffs for soldiers. But the war’s deprivations undermined the household and made many non-elite whites lose faith in the Confederacy.
Juan Manuel Garrido
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823239351
- eISBN:
- 9780823239399
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823239351.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
This chapter analyzes the political signification of the idea of life as hunger and engages the deconstruction of “the soveignty of life.” The chapter interprets the meaning of “protection” in ...
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This chapter analyzes the political signification of the idea of life as hunger and engages the deconstruction of “the soveignty of life.” The chapter interprets the meaning of “protection” in Hobbes' Leviathan in relation to the motif of jus necessitatis (the right to be excepted from the criminal law insofar as the imputed deeds are committed for the sake of one's own survival or the integrity of one's own living body). Because life refers to the structural incompleteness of living beings (hunger), any principle concerning the “sovereignty” of life is intrinsically aporetical. In contrast, the affirmation of life as hunger leads to the interruption of “sovereignty,” of any “right” whatsoever over life and of any “property” concerning one's own living body.Less
This chapter analyzes the political signification of the idea of life as hunger and engages the deconstruction of “the soveignty of life.” The chapter interprets the meaning of “protection” in Hobbes' Leviathan in relation to the motif of jus necessitatis (the right to be excepted from the criminal law insofar as the imputed deeds are committed for the sake of one's own survival or the integrity of one's own living body). Because life refers to the structural incompleteness of living beings (hunger), any principle concerning the “sovereignty” of life is intrinsically aporetical. In contrast, the affirmation of life as hunger leads to the interruption of “sovereignty,” of any “right” whatsoever over life and of any “property” concerning one's own living body.
Beth Tompkins Bates
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807835647
- eISBN:
- 9781469601571
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807837450_bates.11
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter focuses on the Inkster Project, Henry Ford's experiment on philanthropy. The village was said to be destitute when Ford intervened, providing electric lights, organizing police ...
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This chapter focuses on the Inkster Project, Henry Ford's experiment on philanthropy. The village was said to be destitute when Ford intervened, providing electric lights, organizing police protection, and establishing a bank. Although the Inkster Project rehabilitated the village and saved many black Ford families from physical destitution, it did not succeed in reestablishing unquestioned loyalty to Ford. The chapter also discusses the Ford Hunger March on March 7 1932, when 3,000 to 5,000 unemployed workers, most laid off by Ford, marched from Detroit to the employment office of Ford's River Rouge plant in Dearborn to present a list of demands to Ford.Less
This chapter focuses on the Inkster Project, Henry Ford's experiment on philanthropy. The village was said to be destitute when Ford intervened, providing electric lights, organizing police protection, and establishing a bank. Although the Inkster Project rehabilitated the village and saved many black Ford families from physical destitution, it did not succeed in reestablishing unquestioned loyalty to Ford. The chapter also discusses the Ford Hunger March on March 7 1932, when 3,000 to 5,000 unemployed workers, most laid off by Ford, marched from Detroit to the employment office of Ford's River Rouge plant in Dearborn to present a list of demands to Ford.
John Orr
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748640140
- eISBN:
- 9780748671090
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748640140.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This book examines the neglected relationship between romanticism and modernism in British cinema from 1929 to the present day. Encompassing a broad selection of films, filmmakers and debates, it ...
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This book examines the neglected relationship between romanticism and modernism in British cinema from 1929 to the present day. Encompassing a broad selection of films, filmmakers and debates, it brings a new perspective to how scholars might understand and interrogate the major traditions that have shaped Britain's cinema history. The book identifies two prominent genres in the British template that often go unrecognised, the fugitive film and the trauma film, whose narratives have bridged the gap between romantic and modern forms. Here Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, Ian Powell, Carol Reed and Robert Hamer are identified as key romantics; Nicolas Roeg, Joseph Losey, Michelangelo Antonioni, Stanley Kubrick and Jerzy Skolimowski as later modernists. The book goes on to assess the narrowing divide through the films of Terence Davies and Bill Douglas, and concludes by analysing its persistence in the new century, in the prize-winning features Control and Hunger.Less
This book examines the neglected relationship between romanticism and modernism in British cinema from 1929 to the present day. Encompassing a broad selection of films, filmmakers and debates, it brings a new perspective to how scholars might understand and interrogate the major traditions that have shaped Britain's cinema history. The book identifies two prominent genres in the British template that often go unrecognised, the fugitive film and the trauma film, whose narratives have bridged the gap between romantic and modern forms. Here Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, Ian Powell, Carol Reed and Robert Hamer are identified as key romantics; Nicolas Roeg, Joseph Losey, Michelangelo Antonioni, Stanley Kubrick and Jerzy Skolimowski as later modernists. The book goes on to assess the narrowing divide through the films of Terence Davies and Bill Douglas, and concludes by analysing its persistence in the new century, in the prize-winning features Control and Hunger.
John Orr
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748640140
- eISBN:
- 9780748671090
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748640140.003.0010
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
One of the striking features of the new century is that three major British films as of June 2009 were identical in two ways. All three are biopics and all are debut features by visual artists who ...
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One of the striking features of the new century is that three major British films as of June 2009 were identical in two ways. All three are biopics and all are debut features by visual artists who have come from outside cinema. They are Douglas Gordon's Zidane: a 21st Century Portrait (2006), Anton Corbijn's Control (2007), and Steve McQueen's Hunger (2008). Control and Hunger are less experimental, but more ambitious, than Zidane. In revisiting the divide and crossover between romanticism and modernism, this chapter looks at Hunger and Control and especially the way in which their contrasting nature shows the legacy of both romantic and modernist forms. They are biopics of the same period, the start of the 1980s when the modernist period of cinema in Britain was coming to a close. They have real-life protagonists who both killed themselves. Control reworks through Joy Division singer Ian Curtis the mythos of the doomed young artist, and Hunger through Bobby Sands, the Irish Republican Army hunger striker.Less
One of the striking features of the new century is that three major British films as of June 2009 were identical in two ways. All three are biopics and all are debut features by visual artists who have come from outside cinema. They are Douglas Gordon's Zidane: a 21st Century Portrait (2006), Anton Corbijn's Control (2007), and Steve McQueen's Hunger (2008). Control and Hunger are less experimental, but more ambitious, than Zidane. In revisiting the divide and crossover between romanticism and modernism, this chapter looks at Hunger and Control and especially the way in which their contrasting nature shows the legacy of both romantic and modernist forms. They are biopics of the same period, the start of the 1980s when the modernist period of cinema in Britain was coming to a close. They have real-life protagonists who both killed themselves. Control reworks through Joy Division singer Ian Curtis the mythos of the doomed young artist, and Hunger through Bobby Sands, the Irish Republican Army hunger striker.
Aaron Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469613970
- eISBN:
- 9781469613994
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469613970.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
When Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil’s Workers’ Party soared to power in 2003, he promised to end hunger in the nation. This ethnography assesses President Lula’s flagship antipoverty program, ...
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When Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil’s Workers’ Party soared to power in 2003, he promised to end hunger in the nation. This ethnography assesses President Lula’s flagship antipoverty program, Zero Hunger (Fome Zero), focusing on its rollout among agricultural workers in the poor northeastern state of Piauí. Linking the administration’s fight against poverty to a more subtle effort to change the region’s political culture, it rethinks the nature of patronage and provides a novel perspective on the state under Workers’ Party rule. Aiming to strengthen democratic processes, frontline officials attempted to dismantle the long-standing patron–client relationships—the author identifies them as “intimate hierarchies”—that bound poor people to local elites. Illuminating the symbolic techniques by which officials attempted to influence Zero Hunger beneficiaries’ attitudes toward power, class, history, and ethnic identity, he shows how the assault on patronage increased political awareness but also confused and alienated the program’s participants. The author suggests that, instead of condemning patronage, policymakers should harness the emotional energy of intimate hierarchies to better facilitate the participation of all citizens in political and economic development.Less
When Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil’s Workers’ Party soared to power in 2003, he promised to end hunger in the nation. This ethnography assesses President Lula’s flagship antipoverty program, Zero Hunger (Fome Zero), focusing on its rollout among agricultural workers in the poor northeastern state of Piauí. Linking the administration’s fight against poverty to a more subtle effort to change the region’s political culture, it rethinks the nature of patronage and provides a novel perspective on the state under Workers’ Party rule. Aiming to strengthen democratic processes, frontline officials attempted to dismantle the long-standing patron–client relationships—the author identifies them as “intimate hierarchies”—that bound poor people to local elites. Illuminating the symbolic techniques by which officials attempted to influence Zero Hunger beneficiaries’ attitudes toward power, class, history, and ethnic identity, he shows how the assault on patronage increased political awareness but also confused and alienated the program’s participants. The author suggests that, instead of condemning patronage, policymakers should harness the emotional energy of intimate hierarchies to better facilitate the participation of all citizens in political and economic development.
Rhonda V. Wilcox
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496808714
- eISBN:
- 9781496808752
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496808714.003.0012
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
Rhonda V. Wilcox’s “Forced Glory: Katniss Everdeen, Bella Swan, and Varieties of Virginity” contrasts Twilight’s Bella Swan and The Hunger Games’ Katniss Everdeen. There are many parallels between ...
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Rhonda V. Wilcox’s “Forced Glory: Katniss Everdeen, Bella Swan, and Varieties of Virginity” contrasts Twilight’s Bella Swan and The Hunger Games’ Katniss Everdeen. There are many parallels between the characters, from triumph despite low self-esteem within a first-person narrative to being forced to wear elaborate outfits that serve as signs of power. In early repudiation of marriage and the mother, they reflect the pattern of independence illustrated in Janice Radway’s conceptualization of the romance heroine. Virginity is also central to this pattern, where mental impermeability offers a metaphoric echo. Ultimately, where the characters most differ is in agency. Bella’s protection from (mental) penetration is an inborn ability that helps assimilate her into patriarchy. By contrast, Katniss pretends to have sex while being able to choose virginity. She purposefully and much later chooses procreation, while Bella and Edward assert that in their love, they had no choice.Less
Rhonda V. Wilcox’s “Forced Glory: Katniss Everdeen, Bella Swan, and Varieties of Virginity” contrasts Twilight’s Bella Swan and The Hunger Games’ Katniss Everdeen. There are many parallels between the characters, from triumph despite low self-esteem within a first-person narrative to being forced to wear elaborate outfits that serve as signs of power. In early repudiation of marriage and the mother, they reflect the pattern of independence illustrated in Janice Radway’s conceptualization of the romance heroine. Virginity is also central to this pattern, where mental impermeability offers a metaphoric echo. Ultimately, where the characters most differ is in agency. Bella’s protection from (mental) penetration is an inborn ability that helps assimilate her into patriarchy. By contrast, Katniss pretends to have sex while being able to choose virginity. She purposefully and much later chooses procreation, while Bella and Edward assert that in their love, they had no choice.
Aaron Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469613970
- eISBN:
- 9781469613994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469613970.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter lays out three levels of ethnographic material central to this book. The first level pertains to Brazil’s fraught history with liberal democracy, a history that led the Left to attribute ...
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This chapter lays out three levels of ethnographic material central to this book. The first level pertains to Brazil’s fraught history with liberal democracy, a history that led the Left to attribute a democratizing function to Zero Hunger. The second level prioritizes the context of Passarinho, a place where deep inequality and egalitarian aspirations intertwined to shape a key setting where Lula’s policies were implemented. The final level is a reflection on the author’s own entry into Piauí, his role in the implementation of Zero Hunger (and later Bolsa Família), and on the ethical dilemmas he faced during his two years in the field.Less
This chapter lays out three levels of ethnographic material central to this book. The first level pertains to Brazil’s fraught history with liberal democracy, a history that led the Left to attribute a democratizing function to Zero Hunger. The second level prioritizes the context of Passarinho, a place where deep inequality and egalitarian aspirations intertwined to shape a key setting where Lula’s policies were implemented. The final level is a reflection on the author’s own entry into Piauí, his role in the implementation of Zero Hunger (and later Bolsa Família), and on the ethical dilemmas he faced during his two years in the field.
Aaron Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469613970
- eISBN:
- 9781469613994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469613970.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter focuses on Zero Hunger’s frontline officials in Piauí State, the “street-level bureaucrats” who shaped the actual contours of state policy at the very site where it contacted the ...
More
This chapter focuses on Zero Hunger’s frontline officials in Piauí State, the “street-level bureaucrats” who shaped the actual contours of state policy at the very site where it contacted the beneficiaries. It considers the officials’ attitudes toward their own participation in urban social movements, toward the Lula government that employed them, and toward the program’s rural beneficiaries. The officials both identified with the beneficiaries’ authentic rural tradition and sought to introduce modern ideas from the city to alter traditional rural culture. They held these two sides of their position in balance through a spiritual narrative of Zero Hunger’s implementation in which they were “prodigal liberators,” who, having left the countryside, would now return to redeem their own authenticity and rescue their kin from patronage.Less
This chapter focuses on Zero Hunger’s frontline officials in Piauí State, the “street-level bureaucrats” who shaped the actual contours of state policy at the very site where it contacted the beneficiaries. It considers the officials’ attitudes toward their own participation in urban social movements, toward the Lula government that employed them, and toward the program’s rural beneficiaries. The officials both identified with the beneficiaries’ authentic rural tradition and sought to introduce modern ideas from the city to alter traditional rural culture. They held these two sides of their position in balance through a spiritual narrative of Zero Hunger’s implementation in which they were “prodigal liberators,” who, having left the countryside, would now return to redeem their own authenticity and rescue their kin from patronage.
Aaron Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469613970
- eISBN:
- 9781469613994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469613970.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter considers another of Zero Hunger’s component projects, an Afro-Brazilian development project that sought to organize and assist dark-skinned villagers on the basis of their shared racial ...
More
This chapter considers another of Zero Hunger’s component projects, an Afro-Brazilian development project that sought to organize and assist dark-skinned villagers on the basis of their shared racial subordination. It argues that state officials turned training-session excursions into “programmatic pilgrimages” in order to resocialize community leaders toward a black (negro) identity and instill in them a more indignant attitude toward figures of authority.Less
This chapter considers another of Zero Hunger’s component projects, an Afro-Brazilian development project that sought to organize and assist dark-skinned villagers on the basis of their shared racial subordination. It argues that state officials turned training-session excursions into “programmatic pilgrimages” in order to resocialize community leaders toward a black (negro) identity and instill in them a more indignant attitude toward figures of authority.
Aaron Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469613970
- eISBN:
- 9781469613994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469613970.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter provides a close ethnographic account of the municipal political tensions surrounding Zero Hunger’s cash grant policy, Food Card (Cartão Alimentação), and its transition to the ...
More
This chapter provides a close ethnographic account of the municipal political tensions surrounding Zero Hunger’s cash grant policy, Food Card (Cartão Alimentação), and its transition to the now-famous Bolsa Família (Family Stipend) program. In designing the grant’s beneficiary selection process, state officials bypassed the mayor’s office and humiliated his person through a series of public spectacles. The chapter discusses the consequences of the mayor’s marginalization both for local participation in the Zero Hunger management committees set up to select the program’s beneficiaries, and for Passarinho’s municipal elections in which the Workers’ Party competed for office.Less
This chapter provides a close ethnographic account of the municipal political tensions surrounding Zero Hunger’s cash grant policy, Food Card (Cartão Alimentação), and its transition to the now-famous Bolsa Família (Family Stipend) program. In designing the grant’s beneficiary selection process, state officials bypassed the mayor’s office and humiliated his person through a series of public spectacles. The chapter discusses the consequences of the mayor’s marginalization both for local participation in the Zero Hunger management committees set up to select the program’s beneficiaries, and for Passarinho’s municipal elections in which the Workers’ Party competed for office.
