Ben Tipping
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199550111
- eISBN:
- 9780191720611
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199550111.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The force of example was a distinctive determiner of Roman identity. However, examples always rely upon the response of an audience, and are dependent upon context. Even where the example presented ...
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The force of example was a distinctive determiner of Roman identity. However, examples always rely upon the response of an audience, and are dependent upon context. Even where the example presented is positive, we cannot always suppress any negative associations it may also carry. This book considers the virtues and vices they embody, their status as exemplars, and the process by which Silius as epic poet heroizes, demonizes, and establishes models. The book argues that example is a vital source of significance within the Punica, but also an inherently unstable mode, the lability of which affects both Silius' epic heroes and his villainous Hannibal.Less
The force of example was a distinctive determiner of Roman identity. However, examples always rely upon the response of an audience, and are dependent upon context. Even where the example presented is positive, we cannot always suppress any negative associations it may also carry. This book considers the virtues and vices they embody, their status as exemplars, and the process by which Silius as epic poet heroizes, demonizes, and establishes models. The book argues that example is a vital source of significance within the Punica, but also an inherently unstable mode, the lability of which affects both Silius' epic heroes and his villainous Hannibal.
Ben Tipping
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199550111
- eISBN:
- 9780191720611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199550111.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter explores the character Hannibal in Silius' Punica. It argues that it is Hannibal's compelling, meta-poetic, absent-presence in Scipio's triumphal parade that asserts his power over ...
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This chapter explores the character Hannibal in Silius' Punica. It argues that it is Hannibal's compelling, meta-poetic, absent-presence in Scipio's triumphal parade that asserts his power over Silius' epic. If the play of textual temporality, and of aperture and closure, in the Liternum episode serves to re-emphasize that the Punica is a tale told by a Roman victor, it also illustrates not only the openness of the poem to a Punic point of view, but, more broadly, Silius' limited power, as Roman epicist, over openings and closings. His poetic celebration of Roman victory, or victories, cannot altogether control its portrayal of Rome's greatest enemy, nor the problematic lapse between Roman past and present, nor, indeed, how, or how much of, the Punica will be read.Less
This chapter explores the character Hannibal in Silius' Punica. It argues that it is Hannibal's compelling, meta-poetic, absent-presence in Scipio's triumphal parade that asserts his power over Silius' epic. If the play of textual temporality, and of aperture and closure, in the Liternum episode serves to re-emphasize that the Punica is a tale told by a Roman victor, it also illustrates not only the openness of the poem to a Punic point of view, but, more broadly, Silius' limited power, as Roman epicist, over openings and closings. His poetic celebration of Roman victory, or victories, cannot altogether control its portrayal of Rome's greatest enemy, nor the problematic lapse between Roman past and present, nor, indeed, how, or how much of, the Punica will be read.
Shelley Fisher Fishkin
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195121223
- eISBN:
- 9780199855162
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195121223.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
This book blends personal narrative with reflections on history, literature, and popular culture to provide a lively and provocative look at who Mark Twain really was, how he got to be that way, and ...
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This book blends personal narrative with reflections on history, literature, and popular culture to provide a lively and provocative look at who Mark Twain really was, how he got to be that way, and what we do with his legacy today. The book illuminates the many ways that America has embraced Mark Twain—from the scenes and plots of his novels, to his famous quips, to his bushy-haired, white-suited persona. It reveals that we have constructed a Twain often far removed from the actual writer. For instance, we travel to Hannibal, Missouri, Mark Twain's home town, a locale that in his work is both the embodiment of the innocence of childhood and also an emblem of hypocrisy, barbarity, and moral rot. The book spotlights the fact that Hannibal today attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists and takes in millions yearly, by focusing on Tom Sawyer's boyhood exploits and ignoring Twain's portraits of the darker side of the slave South. The book's research yields fresh insights into the remarkable story of how this child of slaveholders became the author of the most powerful antiracist novel by an American. Mark Twain's presence in contemporary culture is pervasive and intriguing. The book demonstrates how Twain and his work echo, ripple, and reverberate throughout American society. This book offers an engrossing look at how Mark Twain's life and work have been cherished, memorialized, exploited, and misunderstood. It offers a wealth of insight into Twain, into his work, and into our nation, both past and present.Less
This book blends personal narrative with reflections on history, literature, and popular culture to provide a lively and provocative look at who Mark Twain really was, how he got to be that way, and what we do with his legacy today. The book illuminates the many ways that America has embraced Mark Twain—from the scenes and plots of his novels, to his famous quips, to his bushy-haired, white-suited persona. It reveals that we have constructed a Twain often far removed from the actual writer. For instance, we travel to Hannibal, Missouri, Mark Twain's home town, a locale that in his work is both the embodiment of the innocence of childhood and also an emblem of hypocrisy, barbarity, and moral rot. The book spotlights the fact that Hannibal today attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists and takes in millions yearly, by focusing on Tom Sawyer's boyhood exploits and ignoring Twain's portraits of the darker side of the slave South. The book's research yields fresh insights into the remarkable story of how this child of slaveholders became the author of the most powerful antiracist novel by an American. Mark Twain's presence in contemporary culture is pervasive and intriguing. The book demonstrates how Twain and his work echo, ripple, and reverberate throughout American society. This book offers an engrossing look at how Mark Twain's life and work have been cherished, memorialized, exploited, and misunderstood. It offers a wealth of insight into Twain, into his work, and into our nation, both past and present.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.003.0013
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This concluding chapter provides a final overview of the Roman Hannibal and his portrayal in SiliusItalicus’ Punica. As well as providing a conclusive discussion on how Silius’ Hannibal is a man who ...
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This concluding chapter provides a final overview of the Roman Hannibal and his portrayal in SiliusItalicus’ Punica. As well as providing a conclusive discussion on how Silius’ Hannibal is a man who undergoes a process of decline after Cannae whilst his status as a super-uir continues to evolve, this chapter returns to the final appearance of Hannibal above the plains of Zama. It is noted that in referring to his legacy, Hannibal does not say that his nomen(name)will survive, but his nomina (‘names’). It is argued that with this use of the plural form, there is a subtle nod to the multiple ‘Hannibals’ that exist in Silius’ Punica as well to the different ways in which he is remembered and perceived in Rome's literature.Less
This concluding chapter provides a final overview of the Roman Hannibal and his portrayal in SiliusItalicus’ Punica. As well as providing a conclusive discussion on how Silius’ Hannibal is a man who undergoes a process of decline after Cannae whilst his status as a super-uir continues to evolve, this chapter returns to the final appearance of Hannibal above the plains of Zama. It is noted that in referring to his legacy, Hannibal does not say that his nomen(name)will survive, but his nomina (‘names’). It is argued that with this use of the plural form, there is a subtle nod to the multiple ‘Hannibals’ that exist in Silius’ Punica as well to the different ways in which he is remembered and perceived in Rome's literature.
Shelley Fisher Fishkin
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195121223
- eISBN:
- 9780199855162
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195121223.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
This chapter describes Mark Twain's Hannibal, the physical setting of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huck Finn, and his inspiration for countless others. ...
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This chapter describes Mark Twain's Hannibal, the physical setting of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huck Finn, and his inspiration for countless others. Hannibal is the place where Twain grew up, where he shared the experiences of his two famous characters, Tom and Huck. Twain considered the town as a microcosm of America, living proof of its guilt and shame, and triumph and achievements. The chapter, using experiences while travelling to and within Hannibal, then traces the history of John Berry Meachum, a prominent slave turned free black reformist in neighboring St. Louis, Missouri, as a prologue to a discussion on slavery in the South, and its manifestations in Twain's hometown. The chapter describes the town as a tourism hotspot for Twain fans and relates her conversations with contemporary town members of their views on Twain's philosophy and works.Less
This chapter describes Mark Twain's Hannibal, the physical setting of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huck Finn, and his inspiration for countless others. Hannibal is the place where Twain grew up, where he shared the experiences of his two famous characters, Tom and Huck. Twain considered the town as a microcosm of America, living proof of its guilt and shame, and triumph and achievements. The chapter, using experiences while travelling to and within Hannibal, then traces the history of John Berry Meachum, a prominent slave turned free black reformist in neighboring St. Louis, Missouri, as a prologue to a discussion on slavery in the South, and its manifestations in Twain's hometown. The chapter describes the town as a tourism hotspot for Twain fans and relates her conversations with contemporary town members of their views on Twain's philosophy and works.
Shelley Fisher Fishkin
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195121223
- eISBN:
- 9780199855162
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195121223.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
The chapter recounts Mark Twain's lifelong battle with the ghost of slavery, racism, and his efforts, through his writings, to make his fellow citizens aware of and perhaps change their attitudes on ...
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The chapter recounts Mark Twain's lifelong battle with the ghost of slavery, racism, and his efforts, through his writings, to make his fellow citizens aware of and perhaps change their attitudes on the social blight. The chapter begins with the case of one Johnson Whittaker, the first black to enter Westpoint, who was subsequently expelled through racist acts in the late 19th century. This event helped shape Mark Twain from being ordinary Samuel Clemens of Hannibal to the insightful, socially-responsible author that he became. The chapter then traces the roots of and factors affecting this gradual transformation, including references to courageous former slaves whose stories further fueled Twain's burgeoning outrage for racism. In the last few sections, the chapter then juxtaposes Twain's social awakening to the experiences of her modern-day students, which serves to introduce the main topic of the following chapter.Less
The chapter recounts Mark Twain's lifelong battle with the ghost of slavery, racism, and his efforts, through his writings, to make his fellow citizens aware of and perhaps change their attitudes on the social blight. The chapter begins with the case of one Johnson Whittaker, the first black to enter Westpoint, who was subsequently expelled through racist acts in the late 19th century. This event helped shape Mark Twain from being ordinary Samuel Clemens of Hannibal to the insightful, socially-responsible author that he became. The chapter then traces the roots of and factors affecting this gradual transformation, including references to courageous former slaves whose stories further fueled Twain's burgeoning outrage for racism. In the last few sections, the chapter then juxtaposes Twain's social awakening to the experiences of her modern-day students, which serves to introduce the main topic of the following chapter.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter focuses on those texts, written before SiliusItalicus’ Punica, which feature Hannibal. These texts include the (extremely) fragmentary works of Hannibal's own historians Silenus and ...
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This chapter focuses on those texts, written before SiliusItalicus’ Punica, which feature Hannibal. These texts include the (extremely) fragmentary works of Hannibal's own historians Silenus and Sosylus, as well as the works of Cicero, Cornelius Nepos, Horace, Valerius Maximus and Seneca. Special attention is paid to Polybius’ Histories, which – although written in Greek – are aimed in part at a Roman audience and contain a detailed account of the Carthaginian's life. By examining the portrayal of Hannibal in these texts, it is argued that a picture of the ‘Roman Hannibal’ emerges which shows how the Carthaginian became celebrated in Rome as much for his military acumen as for his supposed cruelty.Less
This chapter focuses on those texts, written before SiliusItalicus’ Punica, which feature Hannibal. These texts include the (extremely) fragmentary works of Hannibal's own historians Silenus and Sosylus, as well as the works of Cicero, Cornelius Nepos, Horace, Valerius Maximus and Seneca. Special attention is paid to Polybius’ Histories, which – although written in Greek – are aimed in part at a Roman audience and contain a detailed account of the Carthaginian's life. By examining the portrayal of Hannibal in these texts, it is argued that a picture of the ‘Roman Hannibal’ emerges which shows how the Carthaginian became celebrated in Rome as much for his military acumen as for his supposed cruelty.
Dexter Hoyos
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781904675464
- eISBN:
- 9781781385432
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781904675464.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
As Carthage's commanding general and effective leader Hannibal (247–183 BC) crossed the Alps in 218 BC with a multi-ethnic and superbly professional army to confront the Romans in their own land. His ...
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As Carthage's commanding general and effective leader Hannibal (247–183 BC) crossed the Alps in 218 BC with a multi-ethnic and superbly professional army to confront the Romans in their own land. His early victories at the river Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and Cannae employed daringly unconventional tactics, culminating at Cannae in near-total annihilation of the much larger Roman army. For several years Carthage dominated most of the western Mediterranean's lands, encircling Rome and what remained of her allies. But Hannibal's hopes of forcing Rome to submit and establishing Carthage's permanent dominance were frustrated by the Romans’ uncompromising resistance under leaders like Fabius ‘the Delayer’ and Marcellus ‘the sword of Rome’. Hannibal's own strategic decisions, especially not to march directly on Rome after victory at Trasimene in 217 and more famously after Cannae in 216, contributed to the stalemate that followed. In 202 his new equal in military genius, Scipio Africanus, ended his and Carthage's greatness at the battle of Zama. Hannibal, however, was elected civilian leader (sufete) of Carthage in 196 and reformed the city's corrupt politics and finances, then was forced into exile by his enemies with Rome's connivance. After years in the Hellenistic Greek east, he took poison to avoid being seized by his unforgiving Roman foes. Yet Greeks and Romans remembered him with admiration—even paradoxical affection—as an honourable foe, and his reputation as one of history's greatest commanders endures.Less
As Carthage's commanding general and effective leader Hannibal (247–183 BC) crossed the Alps in 218 BC with a multi-ethnic and superbly professional army to confront the Romans in their own land. His early victories at the river Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and Cannae employed daringly unconventional tactics, culminating at Cannae in near-total annihilation of the much larger Roman army. For several years Carthage dominated most of the western Mediterranean's lands, encircling Rome and what remained of her allies. But Hannibal's hopes of forcing Rome to submit and establishing Carthage's permanent dominance were frustrated by the Romans’ uncompromising resistance under leaders like Fabius ‘the Delayer’ and Marcellus ‘the sword of Rome’. Hannibal's own strategic decisions, especially not to march directly on Rome after victory at Trasimene in 217 and more famously after Cannae in 216, contributed to the stalemate that followed. In 202 his new equal in military genius, Scipio Africanus, ended his and Carthage's greatness at the battle of Zama. Hannibal, however, was elected civilian leader (sufete) of Carthage in 196 and reformed the city's corrupt politics and finances, then was forced into exile by his enemies with Rome's connivance. After years in the Hellenistic Greek east, he took poison to avoid being seized by his unforgiving Roman foes. Yet Greeks and Romans remembered him with admiration—even paradoxical affection—as an honourable foe, and his reputation as one of history's greatest commanders endures.
George Washington Williams
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823233854
- eISBN:
- 9780823240807
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823233854.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The two years immediately preceding the War of the Rebellion were teeming with unprecedented events. Almost every question of public interest was directly or indirectly connected with one phase or ...
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The two years immediately preceding the War of the Rebellion were teeming with unprecedented events. Almost every question of public interest was directly or indirectly connected with one phase or another of the slavery problem. Thirty years of vigorous anti-slavery agitation had forced men into or out of parties; had made them declare for the restriction or extension of slavery—its nationalization or extinction. Two great political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, were confronting each other on the vital question—Freedom national and slavery sectional. On November, 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin were elected as president and vice-president of America. Unfortunately, the South regarded Lincoln's election as a casus belli. The wildest confusion and disgust prevailed at the South, while the North hailed the result as friendly to the country. The War of the Rebellion was formally opened by the South; and on April, 15, 1861, Lincoln issued a call for 75,000 troops. Neither the South nor the North admitted Negroes into the army.Less
The two years immediately preceding the War of the Rebellion were teeming with unprecedented events. Almost every question of public interest was directly or indirectly connected with one phase or another of the slavery problem. Thirty years of vigorous anti-slavery agitation had forced men into or out of parties; had made them declare for the restriction or extension of slavery—its nationalization or extinction. Two great political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, were confronting each other on the vital question—Freedom national and slavery sectional. On November, 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin were elected as president and vice-president of America. Unfortunately, the South regarded Lincoln's election as a casus belli. The wildest confusion and disgust prevailed at the South, while the North hailed the result as friendly to the country. The War of the Rebellion was formally opened by the South; and on April, 15, 1861, Lincoln issued a call for 75,000 troops. Neither the South nor the North admitted Negroes into the army.
Linnie Blake
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719075933
- eISBN:
- 9781781700914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719075933.003.0020
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter draws heavily on the misadventures of the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter, from Ridley Scott's film Hannibal. Reflecting the hunger of American audiences for the further ...
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This chapter draws heavily on the misadventures of the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter, from Ridley Scott's film Hannibal. Reflecting the hunger of American audiences for the further misadventures of Hannibal Lecter, took this film to a record-breaking $58,000,000 on its opening weekend in the United States. Such massive public interest in Lecter had of course begun with his appearance in Thomas Harris's best-selling novels Red Dragon (1981), The Silence of the Lambs (1988) and Hannibal (1999). This chapter further illustrates that the iconic Lecter's true significance lay in the ways he allowed contemporary audiences to engage psychologically and socio-culturally with the historic traumas of the Reagan years while exposing the ideological mediation of that trauma by all aspects of the culture industry. The violent murderer has been a recurrent figure in the mass cultural imagination of the United States since the earliest days of the republic. He has come to the forefront of the popular imagination at times of political, social or economic dislocation; and his outrageous deeds and fantasies have allowed for a timely re-examination of one of the core paradoxes of American social life.Less
This chapter draws heavily on the misadventures of the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter, from Ridley Scott's film Hannibal. Reflecting the hunger of American audiences for the further misadventures of Hannibal Lecter, took this film to a record-breaking $58,000,000 on its opening weekend in the United States. Such massive public interest in Lecter had of course begun with his appearance in Thomas Harris's best-selling novels Red Dragon (1981), The Silence of the Lambs (1988) and Hannibal (1999). This chapter further illustrates that the iconic Lecter's true significance lay in the ways he allowed contemporary audiences to engage psychologically and socio-culturally with the historic traumas of the Reagan years while exposing the ideological mediation of that trauma by all aspects of the culture industry. The violent murderer has been a recurrent figure in the mass cultural imagination of the United States since the earliest days of the republic. He has come to the forefront of the popular imagination at times of political, social or economic dislocation; and his outrageous deeds and fantasies have allowed for a timely re-examination of one of the core paradoxes of American social life.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
SiliusItalicus’ Punica, the longest surviving epic in Latin literature, has seen a resurgence of interest among scholars in recent years. A celebration of Rome's triumph over Hannibal and Carthage ...
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SiliusItalicus’ Punica, the longest surviving epic in Latin literature, has seen a resurgence of interest among scholars in recent years. A celebration of Rome's triumph over Hannibal and Carthage during the second Punic war, Silius’ poem presents a plethora of familiar names to its readers: Fabius Maximus, Claudius Marcellus, Scipio Africanus and, of course, Rome's ‘ultimate enemy’ – Hannibal. Where most recent scholarship on the Punicahas focused its attention on the problematic portrayal of Scipio Africanus as a hero for Rome, this book shifts the focus to Carthage and offers a new reading of Hannibal's place inSilius’ epic, and in Rome's literary culture at large. Celebrated and demonised in equal measure, Hannibal became something of an anti-hero for Rome; a man who acquired mythic status, and was condemned by Rome's authors for his supposed greed and cruelty, yet admired for his military acumen. For the first time this book provides a comprehensive overview of this multi-faceted Hannibal as he appears in the Punica and suggests that Silius’ portrayal of him can be read as the culmination to Rome's centuries-long engagement with the Carthaginian in its literature. The works of Polybius, Livy, Virgil, and the post Virgilianepicists all have a bit-part in this book, which aims to show that SiliusItalicus’ Punicais as much an example of how Rome remembered its past, as it is a text striving to join Rome's epic canon.Less
SiliusItalicus’ Punica, the longest surviving epic in Latin literature, has seen a resurgence of interest among scholars in recent years. A celebration of Rome's triumph over Hannibal and Carthage during the second Punic war, Silius’ poem presents a plethora of familiar names to its readers: Fabius Maximus, Claudius Marcellus, Scipio Africanus and, of course, Rome's ‘ultimate enemy’ – Hannibal. Where most recent scholarship on the Punicahas focused its attention on the problematic portrayal of Scipio Africanus as a hero for Rome, this book shifts the focus to Carthage and offers a new reading of Hannibal's place inSilius’ epic, and in Rome's literary culture at large. Celebrated and demonised in equal measure, Hannibal became something of an anti-hero for Rome; a man who acquired mythic status, and was condemned by Rome's authors for his supposed greed and cruelty, yet admired for his military acumen. For the first time this book provides a comprehensive overview of this multi-faceted Hannibal as he appears in the Punica and suggests that Silius’ portrayal of him can be read as the culmination to Rome's centuries-long engagement with the Carthaginian in its literature. The works of Polybius, Livy, Virgil, and the post Virgilianepicists all have a bit-part in this book, which aims to show that SiliusItalicus’ Punicais as much an example of how Rome remembered its past, as it is a text striving to join Rome's epic canon.
Paul Murgatroyd
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781786940698
- eISBN:
- 9781786945068
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781786940698.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter provides the Latin text and a literal translation into English of the section on prayers for military glory in Juvenal’s tenth satire and a detailed critical appreciation of those lines ...
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This chapter provides the Latin text and a literal translation into English of the section on prayers for military glory in Juvenal’s tenth satire and a detailed critical appreciation of those lines (133-187), paying particular attention to poetic aspects such as sound, style, rhythm, diction, imagery, vividness and narrative technique, and also assessing humour, wit, irony and the force and validity of the satirical thrusts. Questions of text are considered as well, where they are of substantial importance. In this section of the poem Juvenal presents a much more comprehensive assault on the object of prayer, using three examples (Hannibal, Alexander and Xerxes). This is a vigorous and entertaining treatment, with much ridicule of the three commanders. The poet portrays the desire for glory as destructive (to others), excessive (in the case of Hannibal and Alexander) and pointless.Less
This chapter provides the Latin text and a literal translation into English of the section on prayers for military glory in Juvenal’s tenth satire and a detailed critical appreciation of those lines (133-187), paying particular attention to poetic aspects such as sound, style, rhythm, diction, imagery, vividness and narrative technique, and also assessing humour, wit, irony and the force and validity of the satirical thrusts. Questions of text are considered as well, where they are of substantial importance. In this section of the poem Juvenal presents a much more comprehensive assault on the object of prayer, using three examples (Hannibal, Alexander and Xerxes). This is a vigorous and entertaining treatment, with much ridicule of the three commanders. The poet portrays the desire for glory as destructive (to others), excessive (in the case of Hannibal and Alexander) and pointless.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.003.0011
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter centres on the dynamic between Hannibal and Scipio (Africanus), considering how both are styled by Silius as the symbols of Carthage and Rome respectively. Scipio's position as the ...
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This chapter centres on the dynamic between Hannibal and Scipio (Africanus), considering how both are styled by Silius as the symbols of Carthage and Rome respectively. Scipio's position as the leading man for Rome is affirmed by his trip to the underworld in Book 13 and the subsequent divine support that he receives from Jupiter – his biological father – from Book 15 onwards. But though Silius establishes Scipio as Hannibal's ultimate foil in the Punica, Hannibal himself rarely perceives Scipio in these terms. Rather he looks to the generals from his past – notably Paulus and Marcellus – whom he views as his equals in war. That these two should be viewed as the super-uiri (men) of their respective states is, however, confirmed at the battle of Zama where all participants in the conflict recognise that the hopes of Carthage and Rome rest upon these two individuals.Less
This chapter centres on the dynamic between Hannibal and Scipio (Africanus), considering how both are styled by Silius as the symbols of Carthage and Rome respectively. Scipio's position as the leading man for Rome is affirmed by his trip to the underworld in Book 13 and the subsequent divine support that he receives from Jupiter – his biological father – from Book 15 onwards. But though Silius establishes Scipio as Hannibal's ultimate foil in the Punica, Hannibal himself rarely perceives Scipio in these terms. Rather he looks to the generals from his past – notably Paulus and Marcellus – whom he views as his equals in war. That these two should be viewed as the super-uiri (men) of their respective states is, however, confirmed at the battle of Zama where all participants in the conflict recognise that the hopes of Carthage and Rome rest upon these two individuals.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's focus: namely the character of Hannibal in SiliusItalicus’ Latin epic, the Punica. Firstly it draws attention to the potency of the name ...
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's focus: namely the character of Hannibal in SiliusItalicus’ Latin epic, the Punica. Firstly it draws attention to the potency of the name ‘Hannibal’ and the ability that this namestill has to enthral audiences thousands of years after the Carthaginian's death. From here the chapter shifts focus to SiliusItalicus, providing a brief overview of the ‘bad press’ that this author has received in the past and discussing the importance of this text for our understanding of what ‘Hannibal’ meant to Rome. The chapter concludes with a summary of the subsequent chapters and the various methodological approaches that are employed in them.Less
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's focus: namely the character of Hannibal in SiliusItalicus’ Latin epic, the Punica. Firstly it draws attention to the potency of the name ‘Hannibal’ and the ability that this namestill has to enthral audiences thousands of years after the Carthaginian's death. From here the chapter shifts focus to SiliusItalicus, providing a brief overview of the ‘bad press’ that this author has received in the past and discussing the importance of this text for our understanding of what ‘Hannibal’ meant to Rome. The chapter concludes with a summary of the subsequent chapters and the various methodological approaches that are employed in them.
Claire Stocks
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781781380284
- eISBN:
- 9781781387252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781380284.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter explores three central concepts. Firstly, the power of the name (nomen)in antiquity with consideration of how potent names such as ‘Hannibal’, ‘Caesar’, and ‘Medea’ stood as symbols for ...
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This chapter explores three central concepts. Firstly, the power of the name (nomen)in antiquity with consideration of how potent names such as ‘Hannibal’, ‘Caesar’, and ‘Medea’ stood as symbols for an individual's identity. In particular the name ‘Hannibal’ became associated with cruelty, treachery, and fear. Secondly, this chapter deals with the issue of what is meant by the phrase ‘The Roman Hannibal’, arguing that the Hannibal we know is predominantly the product of Rome's literature and was used by Rome as a means of exploring and interpreting its past. Finally this chapter discusses the positive connotations attached to the Latin word uir (man) and the ideal of Roman manliness as presented in ancient texts, including the Punica.Less
This chapter explores three central concepts. Firstly, the power of the name (nomen)in antiquity with consideration of how potent names such as ‘Hannibal’, ‘Caesar’, and ‘Medea’ stood as symbols for an individual's identity. In particular the name ‘Hannibal’ became associated with cruelty, treachery, and fear. Secondly, this chapter deals with the issue of what is meant by the phrase ‘The Roman Hannibal’, arguing that the Hannibal we know is predominantly the product of Rome's literature and was used by Rome as a means of exploring and interpreting its past. Finally this chapter discusses the positive connotations attached to the Latin word uir (man) and the ideal of Roman manliness as presented in ancient texts, including the Punica.
Erica Benner
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199653638
- eISBN:
- 9780191769405
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199653638.003.0018
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Princes, Machiavelli tells readers, should want to be held merciful and not cruel. But the policies some people praise as merciful undermine political order, while those blamed as cruel strengthen ...
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Princes, Machiavelli tells readers, should want to be held merciful and not cruel. But the policies some people praise as merciful undermine political order, while those blamed as cruel strengthen it. Princes should not worry about gaining a ‘name’ for cruelty for actions that help save their state. While these tough-minded arguments are sometimes seen as a bold Machiavellian challenge to traditional moral standards, in fact they are consistent with arguments in Sallust, Seneca, and others who regarded excessive mercy or pity as a harmful vice. Machiavelli teases and tests readers with his ambiguous use of ancient and modern examples, including a provocative contrast between Scipio and Hannibal and apparently high praise for Cesare Borgia. The chapter poses the question: does ‘cruelty well-used’ on Machiavelli’s criteria deserve the name of ‘cruelty’ – or virtuous ‘severity’?Less
Princes, Machiavelli tells readers, should want to be held merciful and not cruel. But the policies some people praise as merciful undermine political order, while those blamed as cruel strengthen it. Princes should not worry about gaining a ‘name’ for cruelty for actions that help save their state. While these tough-minded arguments are sometimes seen as a bold Machiavellian challenge to traditional moral standards, in fact they are consistent with arguments in Sallust, Seneca, and others who regarded excessive mercy or pity as a harmful vice. Machiavelli teases and tests readers with his ambiguous use of ancient and modern examples, including a provocative contrast between Scipio and Hannibal and apparently high praise for Cesare Borgia. The chapter poses the question: does ‘cruelty well-used’ on Machiavelli’s criteria deserve the name of ‘cruelty’ – or virtuous ‘severity’?
Hilary Iris Lowe
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813042374
- eISBN:
- 9780813043494
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813042374.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Hilary Iris Lowe begins this volume with an examination of literary tourism in her essay on the Mark Twain Boyhood Home and Museum in Hannibal, Missouri. Lowe argues that until recently, the town’s ...
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Hilary Iris Lowe begins this volume with an examination of literary tourism in her essay on the Mark Twain Boyhood Home and Museum in Hannibal, Missouri. Lowe argues that until recently, the town’s history has taken a backseat to the “historic sites” related to the literary characters that were part of Twain’s fiction. The story of Tom Sawyer, Becky Thatcher, and “Nigger Jim” has long drawn tourists to Hannibal, which, as Lowe shows, became a place where fiction and history have been conflated as one in order to preserve the income-producing tourism that benefits the town.Less
Hilary Iris Lowe begins this volume with an examination of literary tourism in her essay on the Mark Twain Boyhood Home and Museum in Hannibal, Missouri. Lowe argues that until recently, the town’s history has taken a backseat to the “historic sites” related to the literary characters that were part of Twain’s fiction. The story of Tom Sawyer, Becky Thatcher, and “Nigger Jim” has long drawn tourists to Hannibal, which, as Lowe shows, became a place where fiction and history have been conflated as one in order to preserve the income-producing tourism that benefits the town.
James C. Oleson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520282414
- eISBN:
- 9780520958098
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520282414.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Criminologists estimate the true volume of crime—the “dark figure”—to be approximately four times the size of crime reported in official statistics. Most crime goes unrecorded, and criminologists ...
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Criminologists estimate the true volume of crime—the “dark figure”—to be approximately four times the size of crime reported in official statistics. Most crime goes unrecorded, and criminologists know far more about the criminal behavior of the poor, uneducated, and young than they do about the crimes of the wealthy, educated, and powerful. Although the criminal genius is a cherished villain in history (e.g., Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb, Theodore Kaczynski, and Caryl Chessman), literature (e.g., Raskolnikov, Professor Moriarty, and John Galt), and film (e.g., Hannibal Lecter, Ernst Stavro Blofeld, Dr. Mabuse, and Ozymandias), little is actually known about the crimes of those possessing above-average IQ.Less
Criminologists estimate the true volume of crime—the “dark figure”—to be approximately four times the size of crime reported in official statistics. Most crime goes unrecorded, and criminologists know far more about the criminal behavior of the poor, uneducated, and young than they do about the crimes of the wealthy, educated, and powerful. Although the criminal genius is a cherished villain in history (e.g., Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb, Theodore Kaczynski, and Caryl Chessman), literature (e.g., Raskolnikov, Professor Moriarty, and John Galt), and film (e.g., Hannibal Lecter, Ernst Stavro Blofeld, Dr. Mabuse, and Ozymandias), little is actually known about the crimes of those possessing above-average IQ.
Dexter Hoyos
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781904675464
- eISBN:
- 9781781385432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781904675464.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter describes Hannibal's lasting fascination as general and political leader. It notes that most modern interest focuses on his Alpine crossing and early victories, stressing the importance ...
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This chapter describes Hannibal's lasting fascination as general and political leader. It notes that most modern interest focuses on his Alpine crossing and early victories, stressing the importance of his total career. The chapter then discusses the range, variety, and reliability of the ancient sources for Hannibal's life and times—notably Polybius, Livy, Plutarch, and Appian—as well as the limited archaeological and coin evidence.Less
This chapter describes Hannibal's lasting fascination as general and political leader. It notes that most modern interest focuses on his Alpine crossing and early victories, stressing the importance of his total career. The chapter then discusses the range, variety, and reliability of the ancient sources for Hannibal's life and times—notably Polybius, Livy, Plutarch, and Appian—as well as the limited archaeological and coin evidence.
Dexter Hoyos
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781904675464
- eISBN:
- 9781781385432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781904675464.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter relates Hamilcar Barca's crucial role in leading Carthage to victory over rebel mercenary and subject Libyan forces after 241 in the Truceless War, thus becoming effective chief of ...
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This chapter relates Hamilcar Barca's crucial role in leading Carthage to victory over rebel mercenary and subject Libyan forces after 241 in the Truceless War, thus becoming effective chief of state. It explains why he then undertook to impose Carthage's rule over wealthy southern Spain, and why he took his nine-year-old eldest son Hannibal with him after having him swear an oath ‘never to be friends with Rome’. The chapter concludes with how Hamilcar's successor, his son-in-law Hasdrubal, as ruler of Carthaginian Spain and de facto ruler of Carthage, consolidated her power in Spain, founding the city of New Carthage and later making Hannibal his military second-in-command.Less
This chapter relates Hamilcar Barca's crucial role in leading Carthage to victory over rebel mercenary and subject Libyan forces after 241 in the Truceless War, thus becoming effective chief of state. It explains why he then undertook to impose Carthage's rule over wealthy southern Spain, and why he took his nine-year-old eldest son Hannibal with him after having him swear an oath ‘never to be friends with Rome’. The chapter concludes with how Hamilcar's successor, his son-in-law Hasdrubal, as ruler of Carthaginian Spain and de facto ruler of Carthage, consolidated her power in Spain, founding the city of New Carthage and later making Hannibal his military second-in-command.
