Andrew R. Holmes
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199288656
- eISBN:
- 9780191710759
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199288656.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter describes and assesses the various customs and beliefs in which Presbyterians indulged at springtime, Halloween, and Christmas. Presbyterians observed holidays because they marked the ...
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This chapter describes and assesses the various customs and beliefs in which Presbyterians indulged at springtime, Halloween, and Christmas. Presbyterians observed holidays because they marked the passing of the seasons and allowed them the opportunity to relax. They utilized alternative beliefs and practices because they made practical sense and accorded with a belief in God who was omnipresent, omniscient, and omnipotent. The efforts of reformers to eradicate anti-social and superstitious aspects are addressed, and comments are made about the persistence of these customs and beliefs.Less
This chapter describes and assesses the various customs and beliefs in which Presbyterians indulged at springtime, Halloween, and Christmas. Presbyterians observed holidays because they marked the passing of the seasons and allowed them the opportunity to relax. They utilized alternative beliefs and practices because they made practical sense and accorded with a belief in God who was omnipresent, omniscient, and omnipotent. The efforts of reformers to eradicate anti-social and superstitious aspects are addressed, and comments are made about the persistence of these customs and beliefs.
Jason C. Bivins
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195340815
- eISBN:
- 9780199867158
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195340815.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The subject of this chapter is the growing popularity of Christian alternatives to Halloween haunted houses. The most famous of these is Keenan Roberts's Hell House, a multiscene morality play that ...
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The subject of this chapter is the growing popularity of Christian alternatives to Halloween haunted houses. The most famous of these is Keenan Roberts's Hell House, a multiscene morality play that uses the techniques of horror entertainment to illustrate both a general and a specific narrative of social and political decline. These phenomena became very popular — attracting the attention of both supporters and critics — and explicitly engage the hot‐button political issues central to New Christian Right activism and organizing. Hell Houses' individual scenes illustrate to adolescents the harms (such as abortion, gay weddings, and school shootings) awaiting them in a society that — nominally committed to tolerance and social harmony — has unwittingly drawn them toward hellfire.Less
The subject of this chapter is the growing popularity of Christian alternatives to Halloween haunted houses. The most famous of these is Keenan Roberts's Hell House, a multiscene morality play that uses the techniques of horror entertainment to illustrate both a general and a specific narrative of social and political decline. These phenomena became very popular — attracting the attention of both supporters and critics — and explicitly engage the hot‐button political issues central to New Christian Right activism and organizing. Hell Houses' individual scenes illustrate to adolescents the harms (such as abortion, gay weddings, and school shootings) awaiting them in a society that — nominally committed to tolerance and social harmony — has unwittingly drawn them toward hellfire.
PETER MARSHALL
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198207733
- eISBN:
- 9780191716812
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207733.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter examines the religious and cultural significance of the dead in later 15th and early 16th-century England. It explains the late medieval theology of purgatory, and its diffusion in ...
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This chapter examines the religious and cultural significance of the dead in later 15th and early 16th-century England. It explains the late medieval theology of purgatory, and its diffusion in popular religious literature, sermons, and other cultural media. It also explores ‘points of contact’ between living and the dead, including beliefs about revenants contingent on ‘bad deaths’ or appearing at the season of Halloween. The character and importance of late medieval funerals and post-mortem intercession (masses, obits) is assessed, and the strong imperative for people to be ‘remembered’. It is suggested that while there is little evidence for any ‘decline’ of belief in purgatory before the Reformation, the demands of intercession were placing considerable social and economic burdens on society.Less
This chapter examines the religious and cultural significance of the dead in later 15th and early 16th-century England. It explains the late medieval theology of purgatory, and its diffusion in popular religious literature, sermons, and other cultural media. It also explores ‘points of contact’ between living and the dead, including beliefs about revenants contingent on ‘bad deaths’ or appearing at the season of Halloween. The character and importance of late medieval funerals and post-mortem intercession (masses, obits) is assessed, and the strong imperative for people to be ‘remembered’. It is suggested that while there is little evidence for any ‘decline’ of belief in purgatory before the Reformation, the demands of intercession were placing considerable social and economic burdens on society.
PETER MARSHALL
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198207733
- eISBN:
- 9780191716812
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207733.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter traces the long campaign on the part of Elizabethan and Jacobean bishops, theologians, and ordinary clergy to eradicate from the nation all traces of purgatory and intercessory prayer, ...
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This chapter traces the long campaign on the part of Elizabethan and Jacobean bishops, theologians, and ordinary clergy to eradicate from the nation all traces of purgatory and intercessory prayer, such as bell-ringing in churches at Halloween. It looks at the provision of new rules and ceremonies, and the attempt to provide a new framework for the liturgical and ritual commemoration of the dead. Puritan objections to alleged remnants of intercessory prayer in the official liturgy are discussed, as are concerns and anxieties around funeral sermons and the provision of doles to the poor at funerals, the continuing practice of iconoclasm against tombs, and official attempts to inhibit it. The chapter also discusses a resurgence of interest in praying for the dead in Laudian circles in the early 17th century.Less
This chapter traces the long campaign on the part of Elizabethan and Jacobean bishops, theologians, and ordinary clergy to eradicate from the nation all traces of purgatory and intercessory prayer, such as bell-ringing in churches at Halloween. It looks at the provision of new rules and ceremonies, and the attempt to provide a new framework for the liturgical and ritual commemoration of the dead. Puritan objections to alleged remnants of intercessory prayer in the official liturgy are discussed, as are concerns and anxieties around funeral sermons and the provision of doles to the poor at funerals, the continuing practice of iconoclasm against tombs, and official attempts to inhibit it. The chapter also discusses a resurgence of interest in praying for the dead in Laudian circles in the early 17th century.
Jussi Hanhimäki
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195172218
- eISBN:
- 9780199849994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195172218.003.0019
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Also known as the Halloween Massacre, on November 3, 1975, President Ford announced a number of changes within his cabinet which included Henry Kissinger's removal from his post as national security ...
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Also known as the Halloween Massacre, on November 3, 1975, President Ford announced a number of changes within his cabinet which included Henry Kissinger's removal from his post as national security adviser. Though he was able to retain his job as secretary of state, this apparent demotion of Kissinger is a clear indication that he had become a political liability to Ford's administration. This chapter illustrates how the demotion of Kissinger in November 1975 and Ford's loss in 1976 are intimately linked to a broad criticism of U.S. foreign policy. It demonstrates how the secretary of state became a visible target for those wishing to move into the White House due to his penchant for secrecy and unapologetic realpolitik. Despite Ford's attempt to minimize the secretary of state's visibility, Kissinger's public image remained partly to blame for the downfall of the 1976 Ford bid for the presidency.Less
Also known as the Halloween Massacre, on November 3, 1975, President Ford announced a number of changes within his cabinet which included Henry Kissinger's removal from his post as national security adviser. Though he was able to retain his job as secretary of state, this apparent demotion of Kissinger is a clear indication that he had become a political liability to Ford's administration. This chapter illustrates how the demotion of Kissinger in November 1975 and Ford's loss in 1976 are intimately linked to a broad criticism of U.S. foreign policy. It demonstrates how the secretary of state became a visible target for those wishing to move into the White House due to his penchant for secrecy and unapologetic realpolitik. Despite Ford's attempt to minimize the secretary of state's visibility, Kissinger's public image remained partly to blame for the downfall of the 1976 Ford bid for the presidency.
Mark Maguire and Fiona Murphy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780719086946
- eISBN:
- 9781781704608
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719086946.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
Opening with an ethnographic snapshot from the book launch of one of our key research participants, this chapter engages with the contribution of an important figure in the local Nigerian community ...
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Opening with an ethnographic snapshot from the book launch of one of our key research participants, this chapter engages with the contribution of an important figure in the local Nigerian community as she engages with the Irish education system. This ethnographic chapter is situated in one primary school facing the challenges of integration on the ground. We reflect on multicultural education in Europe and consider the ways in which multiculturalism is articulated in the everyday lives of parents, teachers and school children. This chapter also documents responses by Pentecostal churches and parents to Halloween, which includes holding a rival ‘Hallelujah night’. We take this as an opportunity to reflect broadly on multiculturalism and education in Ireland.Less
Opening with an ethnographic snapshot from the book launch of one of our key research participants, this chapter engages with the contribution of an important figure in the local Nigerian community as she engages with the Irish education system. This ethnographic chapter is situated in one primary school facing the challenges of integration on the ground. We reflect on multicultural education in Europe and consider the ways in which multiculturalism is articulated in the everyday lives of parents, teachers and school children. This chapter also documents responses by Pentecostal churches and parents to Halloween, which includes holding a rival ‘Hallelujah night’. We take this as an opportunity to reflect broadly on multiculturalism and education in Ireland.
Andrew Patrick Nelson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781604734539
- eISBN:
- 9781621031048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781604734539.003.0007
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter presents a comparative analysis of a recent horror remake and its original by adapting the critical approach employed by the literary philosopher Tzvetan Todorov in his seminal 1970 ...
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This chapter presents a comparative analysis of a recent horror remake and its original by adapting the critical approach employed by the literary philosopher Tzvetan Todorov in his seminal 1970 study The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre. It compares John Carpenter’s Halloween and its recent remake by Rob Zombie, and then expands this comparison into a demonstration of the larger transformative mechanisms by which American filmmaking has been appropriating earlier texts to new social and political circumstances.Less
This chapter presents a comparative analysis of a recent horror remake and its original by adapting the critical approach employed by the literary philosopher Tzvetan Todorov in his seminal 1970 study The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre. It compares John Carpenter’s Halloween and its recent remake by Rob Zombie, and then expands this comparison into a demonstration of the larger transformative mechanisms by which American filmmaking has been appropriating earlier texts to new social and political circumstances.
Jon Pahl
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814767627
- eISBN:
- 9780814768440
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814767627.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter traces the way in which religious violence has emerged in relationship to constructs of age in American history, especially in the representations of youth in recent American films. ...
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This chapter traces the way in which religious violence has emerged in relationship to constructs of age in American history, especially in the representations of youth in recent American films. After a brief introduction setting the films in the context of larger institutions created to lionize and problematize, or honor and punish, young people in America, it analyzes five films: Reefer Madness (1936), Rebel without a Cause (1955), Halloween (1978), Scream (1996), and Hostel (2005). These films represent the youth as “abject objects” in ways that match their actual displacement through national policies of a “war on drugs,” on the one hand, and actual war making, on the other. The “sacrifices” depicted in film mirror the actual violence done to young people in American culture. Imagined categories (or identities) of “age,” increasingly reinforced by niche marketing, served as a first site of religious violence in American history.Less
This chapter traces the way in which religious violence has emerged in relationship to constructs of age in American history, especially in the representations of youth in recent American films. After a brief introduction setting the films in the context of larger institutions created to lionize and problematize, or honor and punish, young people in America, it analyzes five films: Reefer Madness (1936), Rebel without a Cause (1955), Halloween (1978), Scream (1996), and Hostel (2005). These films represent the youth as “abject objects” in ways that match their actual displacement through national policies of a “war on drugs,” on the one hand, and actual war making, on the other. The “sacrifices” depicted in film mirror the actual violence done to young people in American culture. Imagined categories (or identities) of “age,” increasingly reinforced by niche marketing, served as a first site of religious violence in American history.
Ulrich Baer
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- October 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190054199
- eISBN:
- 9780190054229
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190054199.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
How can we find rules that respect the university’s commitment to academic freedom while creating an environment where everyone can contribute to teaching and research in truly equal ways? A first ...
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How can we find rules that respect the university’s commitment to academic freedom while creating an environment where everyone can contribute to teaching and research in truly equal ways? A first step is to recognize that the campus controversies are not about offended feelings but about truth and equality in our democracy. A second step is not to overplay these controversies but realize the speakers are turned down routinely who lack qualifications or standing. The line can be drawn at speech that denies the humanity of some groups because it is non-scientific and advocates illegal actions under our nation’s laws.Less
How can we find rules that respect the university’s commitment to academic freedom while creating an environment where everyone can contribute to teaching and research in truly equal ways? A first step is to recognize that the campus controversies are not about offended feelings but about truth and equality in our democracy. A second step is not to overplay these controversies but realize the speakers are turned down routinely who lack qualifications or standing. The line can be drawn at speech that denies the humanity of some groups because it is non-scientific and advocates illegal actions under our nation’s laws.
Mathias Clasen
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190666507
- eISBN:
- 9780190666545
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190666507.003.0012
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
John Carpenter’s Halloween (1978) kicked off the slasher film wave with its disturbing depiction of Michael Myers’s killing spree in a small American town. This chapter argues that Halloween’s ...
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John Carpenter’s Halloween (1978) kicked off the slasher film wave with its disturbing depiction of Michael Myers’s killing spree in a small American town. This chapter argues that Halloween’s emotional and imaginative power has its wellspring in human nature. The film’s horror scenario—the threat of being killed by another human—reflects an evolutionarily ancient hazard, one that has left deep traces in our constitution. Conspecific predation has been a constant danger of social life for millions of years, and the film effectively evokes that danger in a contemporary setting. Halloween gets its power from depicting, and aligning audiences with, likeable and peaceful characters in quiet and safe suburbia, which is suddenly infested with a homicidal agent, Michael Myers, who is simultaneously subhuman and superhuman. Myers became a horror icon because he is a supercharged representation of an ancient danger, a hostile conspecific outside rational reach.Less
John Carpenter’s Halloween (1978) kicked off the slasher film wave with its disturbing depiction of Michael Myers’s killing spree in a small American town. This chapter argues that Halloween’s emotional and imaginative power has its wellspring in human nature. The film’s horror scenario—the threat of being killed by another human—reflects an evolutionarily ancient hazard, one that has left deep traces in our constitution. Conspecific predation has been a constant danger of social life for millions of years, and the film effectively evokes that danger in a contemporary setting. Halloween gets its power from depicting, and aligning audiences with, likeable and peaceful characters in quiet and safe suburbia, which is suddenly infested with a homicidal agent, Michael Myers, who is simultaneously subhuman and superhuman. Myers became a horror icon because he is a supercharged representation of an ancient danger, a hostile conspecific outside rational reach.
