Hans van Houtte, Hans Das, and Bart Delmartino
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199291922
- eISBN:
- 9780191603716
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199291926.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
In the aftermath of the 1990-1991 Gulf War, the UN Security Council determined that Iraq was liable under international law for any direct damage resulting from its unlawful invasion and occupation ...
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In the aftermath of the 1990-1991 Gulf War, the UN Security Council determined that Iraq was liable under international law for any direct damage resulting from its unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait. The United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) was established to process the claims against Iraq. Since 1991, the UNCC has received approximately 2.6 million claims, which it has subdivided in six categories, depending on the status of the claimant, the type of loss, and the amount claimed. For certain claims, the UNCC has established fixed compensation standards, rather than assessing the exact amount of the loss. Other innovative features include mass claims resolution techniques and methodologies such as data matching, grouping, and sampling. The reparation process was funded through oil exports under the oil-for-food program. A share of originally 30% and later 25% of the proceeds was reserved for compensation. The oil-for-food program was terminated after the new war in Iraq in 2003, and the share of oil revenues dedicated to reparation was lowered to 5%. As of June 2005, the UNCC has decided nearly all claims.Less
In the aftermath of the 1990-1991 Gulf War, the UN Security Council determined that Iraq was liable under international law for any direct damage resulting from its unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait. The United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) was established to process the claims against Iraq. Since 1991, the UNCC has received approximately 2.6 million claims, which it has subdivided in six categories, depending on the status of the claimant, the type of loss, and the amount claimed. For certain claims, the UNCC has established fixed compensation standards, rather than assessing the exact amount of the loss. Other innovative features include mass claims resolution techniques and methodologies such as data matching, grouping, and sampling. The reparation process was funded through oil exports under the oil-for-food program. A share of originally 30% and later 25% of the proceeds was reserved for compensation. The oil-for-food program was terminated after the new war in Iraq in 2003, and the share of oil revenues dedicated to reparation was lowered to 5%. As of June 2005, the UNCC has decided nearly all claims.
David M. Malone
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199278572
- eISBN:
- 9780191604119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199278571.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter analyzes the disarmament of Iraq following the First Gulf War. Disarmament controlled by inspections and monitoring was the cornerstone of the vision set out for Iraq by SCR 687 in 1991. ...
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This chapter analyzes the disarmament of Iraq following the First Gulf War. Disarmament controlled by inspections and monitoring was the cornerstone of the vision set out for Iraq by SCR 687 in 1991. Weapons inspections were the administrative mechanism for the verification of Iraqi disarmament, with sanctions and the threat of force providing the incentive for Iraq to disarm. But for over a decade, Saddam Hussein successfully obscured the degree to which actual disarmament had been achieved, an uncertainty assessed very differently by Paris and Washington. The establishment of the UN Special Commission (UNSCOM) and the UN Monitoring, Verification, and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) is discussed.Less
This chapter analyzes the disarmament of Iraq following the First Gulf War. Disarmament controlled by inspections and monitoring was the cornerstone of the vision set out for Iraq by SCR 687 in 1991. Weapons inspections were the administrative mechanism for the verification of Iraqi disarmament, with sanctions and the threat of force providing the incentive for Iraq to disarm. But for over a decade, Saddam Hussein successfully obscured the degree to which actual disarmament had been achieved, an uncertainty assessed very differently by Paris and Washington. The establishment of the UN Special Commission (UNSCOM) and the UN Monitoring, Verification, and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) is discussed.
Ray A. Moore and Donald L. Robinson
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151169
- eISBN:
- 9780199833917
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019515116X.003.0023
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the ...
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Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the Constitution (1956‐1964) produced a host of arguments in favor of revision, but the conservative parties have never had the two‐thirds majority in the Diet required to pass an amendment. The 1991 Gulf War again stirred debate on the antiwar clause (Article 9) and stimulated a national debate on revision. In 1999, both houses of the Diet established commissions on the constitution and two years later, in May 2001, announced that public hearings would begin.Less
Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the Constitution (1956‐1964) produced a host of arguments in favor of revision, but the conservative parties have never had the two‐thirds majority in the Diet required to pass an amendment. The 1991 Gulf War again stirred debate on the antiwar clause (Article 9) and stimulated a national debate on revision. In 1999, both houses of the Diet established commissions on the constitution and two years later, in May 2001, announced that public hearings would begin.
Robert Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199262014
- eISBN:
- 9780191601033
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199262012.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter examines the normative character and modus operandi of conventional war in contemporary international society. The following normative issues are addressed: justifications of the UN and ...
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This chapter examines the normative character and modus operandi of conventional war in contemporary international society. The following normative issues are addressed: justifications of the UN and Iraq for resorting to war, wartime responsibilities of citizens, responsibilities of soldiers in waging war, normative reality of unlevel battlefields, distributive and corrective justice in war, and the constitutional aspects of conventional war member states of contemporary international society. It is argued that the Gulf War was as close to a legitimate and lawful war as any war of the 20th century due to special international circumstances in the 1990s.Less
This chapter examines the normative character and modus operandi of conventional war in contemporary international society. The following normative issues are addressed: justifications of the UN and Iraq for resorting to war, wartime responsibilities of citizens, responsibilities of soldiers in waging war, normative reality of unlevel battlefields, distributive and corrective justice in war, and the constitutional aspects of conventional war member states of contemporary international society. It is argued that the Gulf War was as close to a legitimate and lawful war as any war of the 20th century due to special international circumstances in the 1990s.
Nicholas J. Wheeler
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199253104
- eISBN:
- 9780191600302
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253102.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Charts how the Western powers came to intervene in Iraq after the Gulf War to protect Kurds in the north and Shiites in the south. Charts how the Security Council adopted in Resolution 688 a new ...
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Charts how the Western powers came to intervene in Iraq after the Gulf War to protect Kurds in the north and Shiites in the south. Charts how the Security Council adopted in Resolution 688 a new understanding of Chapter VII of the UN Charter that provided the legitimating ground for Western action in the form of the safe havens and no‐fly zones.Less
Charts how the Western powers came to intervene in Iraq after the Gulf War to protect Kurds in the north and Shiites in the south. Charts how the Security Council adopted in Resolution 688 a new understanding of Chapter VII of the UN Charter that provided the legitimating ground for Western action in the form of the safe havens and no‐fly zones.
Geir Lundestad
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266685
- eISBN:
- 9780191601057
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266689.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Charts the changes that occurred in American–Western European relations during the years of the Reagan and Bush administrations of 1984–1993, which marked a change in the Cold War (largely as a ...
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Charts the changes that occurred in American–Western European relations during the years of the Reagan and Bush administrations of 1984–1993, which marked a change in the Cold War (largely as a result of Gorbachev's policy changes in the Soviet Union), and its eventual end, which could be marked as the year 1989 (the year of the American–Soviet summit in Malta and of the collapse of Eastern European communist regimes). The first section of the chapter examines the Reagan and Gorbachev ‘Lovefest’: the change of Ronald Reagan's hardline anti‐Soviet policies to a policy of American–Soviet cooperation under the rule of Mikhail Gorbachev, and discusses Reagan's other foreign policies and Western European attitudes toward these. The second section, ‘The Liberation of Eastern Europe, the Unification of Germany, and the New World Order’, looks at the foreign policies of George Bush (who became President in January 1989) during this time of immense change in Europe, and at the increasing East–West cooperation that he presided over; the Gulf War strengthened American–European relations considerably during this period. The third section of the chapter shows that American–EU relations improved markedly under Bush, although the attitudes of the various European countries to a role for America in Europe varied, with the French being notably anti‐American. The last section of the chapter briefly considers the survival of the American–European relationship through this period and the changes that occurred in it.Less
Charts the changes that occurred in American–Western European relations during the years of the Reagan and Bush administrations of 1984–1993, which marked a change in the Cold War (largely as a result of Gorbachev's policy changes in the Soviet Union), and its eventual end, which could be marked as the year 1989 (the year of the American–Soviet summit in Malta and of the collapse of Eastern European communist regimes). The first section of the chapter examines the Reagan and Gorbachev ‘Lovefest’: the change of Ronald Reagan's hardline anti‐Soviet policies to a policy of American–Soviet cooperation under the rule of Mikhail Gorbachev, and discusses Reagan's other foreign policies and Western European attitudes toward these. The second section, ‘The Liberation of Eastern Europe, the Unification of Germany, and the New World Order’, looks at the foreign policies of George Bush (who became President in January 1989) during this time of immense change in Europe, and at the increasing East–West cooperation that he presided over; the Gulf War strengthened American–European relations considerably during this period. The third section of the chapter shows that American–EU relations improved markedly under Bush, although the attitudes of the various European countries to a role for America in Europe varied, with the French being notably anti‐American. The last section of the chapter briefly considers the survival of the American–European relationship through this period and the changes that occurred in it.
Ian Clark
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199219193
- eISBN:
- 9780191717734
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199219193.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter explores the issue of consensus, and what this means for contemporary society. Topics discussed include the nature of consensus, the kind of consensus important in international society, ...
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This chapter explores the issue of consensus, and what this means for contemporary society. Topics discussed include the nature of consensus, the kind of consensus important in international society, the 1991 Gulf War, Kosovo in 1999, and the 2003 Iraq War. It is argued that consensus is clearly important for legitimacy, but its decisiveness depends on whether consensus is valuable in its own right, or, more fundamentally, because it is thought to indicate a correspondence with the other norms of international society.Less
This chapter explores the issue of consensus, and what this means for contemporary society. Topics discussed include the nature of consensus, the kind of consensus important in international society, the 1991 Gulf War, Kosovo in 1999, and the 2003 Iraq War. It is argued that consensus is clearly important for legitimacy, but its decisiveness depends on whether consensus is valuable in its own right, or, more fundamentally, because it is thought to indicate a correspondence with the other norms of international society.
Peter W. Glynn
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195319958
- eISBN:
- 9780199869596
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195319958.003.0008
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology
This chapter describes the physical setting, biogeography, El Niño cycle and climate change effects of the coral reefs of Panama. A focus on the unique role of low diversity but complex ecological ...
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This chapter describes the physical setting, biogeography, El Niño cycle and climate change effects of the coral reefs of Panama. A focus on the unique role of low diversity but complex ecological interactions, as well the importance of corals in supporting a diverse and often cryptic part of the food web is presented. Spatial and temporal variation is described as well as the potential role of human resource use and climate change on the ecosystem.Less
This chapter describes the physical setting, biogeography, El Niño cycle and climate change effects of the coral reefs of Panama. A focus on the unique role of low diversity but complex ecological interactions, as well the importance of corals in supporting a diverse and often cryptic part of the food web is presented. Spatial and temporal variation is described as well as the potential role of human resource use and climate change on the ecosystem.
Shawn Malley
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781786941190
- eISBN:
- 9781789629088
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786941190.003.0003
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter develops the central thesis of Chapter 1, namely that paramilitary archaeology is a means of invoking then containing dangerous pasts as an imaginative extension of U.S. foreign policy. ...
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This chapter develops the central thesis of Chapter 1, namely that paramilitary archaeology is a means of invoking then containing dangerous pasts as an imaginative extension of U.S. foreign policy. Aired in the aftermath of Operation Desert Storm, Stargate (1994) translates the colonial milieu of 1930s Egyptology to the science fictional terrain of Abydos and the battle against Ra. But the shift to the small screen's televisual identity is symptomatic of the deepening complexities of representing geopolitical activity in the region. Just as archaeology passes from a source of wonder into a vehicle for military adventure, the show's ideological commitments to global (read intra-galactic) security become increasingly destabilized, particularly in the Mesopotamian-themed episodes aired after 9/11. The mercurial figure of Babylon offers a counterpoint to the film's overlay of archaeology and militarism, and indeed to the rhetoric of military stewardship at the heart of the "military-archaeology complex." The shifting representation of Mesopotamian antiquity in SG-1's ten-year run (1997-2007) offers powerful cultural criticism of the show's own premise.Less
This chapter develops the central thesis of Chapter 1, namely that paramilitary archaeology is a means of invoking then containing dangerous pasts as an imaginative extension of U.S. foreign policy. Aired in the aftermath of Operation Desert Storm, Stargate (1994) translates the colonial milieu of 1930s Egyptology to the science fictional terrain of Abydos and the battle against Ra. But the shift to the small screen's televisual identity is symptomatic of the deepening complexities of representing geopolitical activity in the region. Just as archaeology passes from a source of wonder into a vehicle for military adventure, the show's ideological commitments to global (read intra-galactic) security become increasingly destabilized, particularly in the Mesopotamian-themed episodes aired after 9/11. The mercurial figure of Babylon offers a counterpoint to the film's overlay of archaeology and militarism, and indeed to the rhetoric of military stewardship at the heart of the "military-archaeology complex." The shifting representation of Mesopotamian antiquity in SG-1's ten-year run (1997-2007) offers powerful cultural criticism of the show's own premise.
Edward Ricketts
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520247048
- eISBN:
- 9780520932661
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520247048.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Trailblazing marine biologist, visionary conservationist, deep ecology philosopher, Edward F. Ricketts (1897–1948) has reached legendary status in the California mythos. A true polymath and a thinker ...
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Trailblazing marine biologist, visionary conservationist, deep ecology philosopher, Edward F. Ricketts (1897–1948) has reached legendary status in the California mythos. A true polymath and a thinker ahead of his time, Ricketts was a scientist who worked in passionate collaboration with many of his friends—artists, writers, and influential intellectual figures—including, perhaps most famously, John Steinbeck, who once said that Ricketts's mind “had no horizons.” This collection, featuring previously unpublished pieces as well as others available for the first time in their original form, reflects the wide scope of Ricketts's scientific, philosophical, and literary interests during the years he lived and worked on Cannery Row in Monterey, California. These writings, which together illuminate the evolution of Ricketts's unique, holistic approach to science, include “Verbatim transcription of notes on the Gulf of California trip,” the basic manuscript for Steinbeck's and Ricketts's “Log from the Sea of Cortez”; the essays “The Philosophy of Breaking Through” and “A Spiritual Morphology of Poetry”; several shorter pieces on topics including collecting invertebrates and the impact of modernization on Mexican village life; and more. This critical biography, with a number of rare photographs, offers a new, detailed view of Ricketts's life.Less
Trailblazing marine biologist, visionary conservationist, deep ecology philosopher, Edward F. Ricketts (1897–1948) has reached legendary status in the California mythos. A true polymath and a thinker ahead of his time, Ricketts was a scientist who worked in passionate collaboration with many of his friends—artists, writers, and influential intellectual figures—including, perhaps most famously, John Steinbeck, who once said that Ricketts's mind “had no horizons.” This collection, featuring previously unpublished pieces as well as others available for the first time in their original form, reflects the wide scope of Ricketts's scientific, philosophical, and literary interests during the years he lived and worked on Cannery Row in Monterey, California. These writings, which together illuminate the evolution of Ricketts's unique, holistic approach to science, include “Verbatim transcription of notes on the Gulf of California trip,” the basic manuscript for Steinbeck's and Ricketts's “Log from the Sea of Cortez”; the essays “The Philosophy of Breaking Through” and “A Spiritual Morphology of Poetry”; several shorter pieces on topics including collecting invertebrates and the impact of modernization on Mexican village life; and more. This critical biography, with a number of rare photographs, offers a new, detailed view of Ricketts's life.
Andrew J. Pershing, Charles H. Greene, Benjamin Planque, and Jean-Marc Fromentin
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198507499
- eISBN:
- 9780191709845
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198507499.003.0005
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology
Variations in zooplankton populations in regions throughout the North Atlantic have been tied to changes in the Atlantic atmosphere-ocean system. Recent work has tended to focus on the impact on ...
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Variations in zooplankton populations in regions throughout the North Atlantic have been tied to changes in the Atlantic atmosphere-ocean system. Recent work has tended to focus on the impact on zooplankton of one particular climate mode, the NAO. However, it is important to remember that the NAO is only one measure of climatic conditions in this region. This chapter examines two particularly well-known regions, the North Sea and the Gulf of Maine, to characterize the range of mechanisms by which climate may influence zooplankton. Climate influences zooplankton populations in two main ways. Through its effect on ecosystem properties, such as the timing or magnitude of the spring bloom, climate variability can cause changes in zooplankton populations. Climate variability can have a significant effect on ocean circulation patterns, and thus, the distribution of zooplankton.Less
Variations in zooplankton populations in regions throughout the North Atlantic have been tied to changes in the Atlantic atmosphere-ocean system. Recent work has tended to focus on the impact on zooplankton of one particular climate mode, the NAO. However, it is important to remember that the NAO is only one measure of climatic conditions in this region. This chapter examines two particularly well-known regions, the North Sea and the Gulf of Maine, to characterize the range of mechanisms by which climate may influence zooplankton. Climate influences zooplankton populations in two main ways. Through its effect on ecosystem properties, such as the timing or magnitude of the spring bloom, climate variability can cause changes in zooplankton populations. Climate variability can have a significant effect on ocean circulation patterns, and thus, the distribution of zooplankton.
L. Ciannelli, D. Ø. Hjermann, P. Lehodey, G. Ottersen, J. T. Duffy-Anderson, and N. C. Stenseth
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198564836
- eISBN:
- 9780191713828
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564836.003.0013
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology
The Eastern Bering Sea (EBS), the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), and the Barents Sea (BS) share key features: they are dominated by gadoids populations, they are heavily fished, and they are under the ...
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The Eastern Bering Sea (EBS), the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), and the Barents Sea (BS) share key features: they are dominated by gadoids populations, they are heavily fished, and they are under the influence of large-scale climatic fluctuations. Previous studies have shown that climate forcing can impact the species composition and the food webs in each of these ecosystems. However, food webs and species interactions can mediate the relative impact of climatic perturbation on community. For example, a relatively small increase in SST over the western GOA region during the mid-1970s led to a spectacular change in the local species community, but a reverse in climatic conditions that occurred during the late 1980s did not result in similar biological changes. This chapter reviews the food webs of the GOA, EBS, and BS, and relates them to prevailing large-scale climatic phases. The comparative approach adopted in this review is aimed at increasing the understanding of the mechanisms linking climate change and food web dynamics in marine ecosystems.Less
The Eastern Bering Sea (EBS), the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), and the Barents Sea (BS) share key features: they are dominated by gadoids populations, they are heavily fished, and they are under the influence of large-scale climatic fluctuations. Previous studies have shown that climate forcing can impact the species composition and the food webs in each of these ecosystems. However, food webs and species interactions can mediate the relative impact of climatic perturbation on community. For example, a relatively small increase in SST over the western GOA region during the mid-1970s led to a spectacular change in the local species community, but a reverse in climatic conditions that occurred during the late 1980s did not result in similar biological changes. This chapter reviews the food webs of the GOA, EBS, and BS, and relates them to prevailing large-scale climatic phases. The comparative approach adopted in this review is aimed at increasing the understanding of the mechanisms linking climate change and food web dynamics in marine ecosystems.
Sarah E. Kreps
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199753796
- eISBN:
- 9780199827152
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753796.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter examines the 1991 Gulf War because it was unusually multilateral. This case of multilateralism is an exemplar for the conditions particularly suited to multilateralism; it provides a ...
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This chapter examines the 1991 Gulf War because it was unusually multilateral. This case of multilateralism is an exemplar for the conditions particularly suited to multilateralism; it provides a heuristic for understanding when multilateralism is more likely. The Gulf War coalition has been called “a monument to multilateralism”. The size and diversity of the coalition that intervened to expel Iraq from Kuwait was extraordinary. Among the participants were NATO countries, former members of the moribund Warsaw Pact, states from the Non-Aligned Movement, historically neutral countries such as Sweden, and states with enduring rivalries such as Greece and Turkey. This constellation of former foes, large powers and small states, and democracies and autocracies seemed to be a refreshing reminder that perhaps the Cold War alignment was a thing of the past.Less
This chapter examines the 1991 Gulf War because it was unusually multilateral. This case of multilateralism is an exemplar for the conditions particularly suited to multilateralism; it provides a heuristic for understanding when multilateralism is more likely. The Gulf War coalition has been called “a monument to multilateralism”. The size and diversity of the coalition that intervened to expel Iraq from Kuwait was extraordinary. Among the participants were NATO countries, former members of the moribund Warsaw Pact, states from the Non-Aligned Movement, historically neutral countries such as Sweden, and states with enduring rivalries such as Greece and Turkey. This constellation of former foes, large powers and small states, and democracies and autocracies seemed to be a refreshing reminder that perhaps the Cold War alignment was a thing of the past.
Mallory McDuff
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195379570
- eISBN:
- 9780199869084
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195379570.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter reveals how churches are transforming the ministry of disaster relief and rebuilding by integrating the environment into their efforts. Many churches and faith organizations are making ...
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This chapter reveals how churches are transforming the ministry of disaster relief and rebuilding by integrating the environment into their efforts. Many churches and faith organizations are making the environment a priority as they respond to the increasing scale of natural disasters precipitated by climate change. The stories in this chapter along the Gulf Coast include the congregation of St. John Baptist Church, which integrated energy efficiency into their rebuilt church; a group of innovative churches called Sustainable Churches for South Louisiana; a program called Desire Street Ministries, which rebuilds churches and educates youth; and the Jericho Road Housing Initiative, which is spearheading energy-efficient, affordable housing. The lessons learned point to the power of hope from faith, the importance of coordinating sustainability among denominations, the potential for partnerships with secular environmental groups, and the long-term economic gains from investing in green building.Less
This chapter reveals how churches are transforming the ministry of disaster relief and rebuilding by integrating the environment into their efforts. Many churches and faith organizations are making the environment a priority as they respond to the increasing scale of natural disasters precipitated by climate change. The stories in this chapter along the Gulf Coast include the congregation of St. John Baptist Church, which integrated energy efficiency into their rebuilt church; a group of innovative churches called Sustainable Churches for South Louisiana; a program called Desire Street Ministries, which rebuilds churches and educates youth; and the Jericho Road Housing Initiative, which is spearheading energy-efficient, affordable housing. The lessons learned point to the power of hope from faith, the importance of coordinating sustainability among denominations, the potential for partnerships with secular environmental groups, and the long-term economic gains from investing in green building.
Kevin M. Bailey, Anne B. Hollowed, and Warren S. Wooster
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198507499
- eISBN:
- 9780191709845
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198507499.003.0012
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology
The impact of climate on fisheries is highly variable, indirect, and complex. Several dominant themes related to climate change and fisheries are considered in some of the chapters in this volume ...
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The impact of climate on fisheries is highly variable, indirect, and complex. Several dominant themes related to climate change and fisheries are considered in some of the chapters in this volume (Chapters 2, 3, and 6), including: complex interactions, formation of patterns over large-scales, high variability over small-scales, and the desirability of forecasting tools. This chapter discusses how these themes are focal issues in many of the world's seas, including the northeast Pacific Ocean. The chapter identifies how established climate-fish links often deteriorate with time, and underscore the role of regime shifts and switches of climatic controlling factors.Less
The impact of climate on fisheries is highly variable, indirect, and complex. Several dominant themes related to climate change and fisheries are considered in some of the chapters in this volume (Chapters 2, 3, and 6), including: complex interactions, formation of patterns over large-scales, high variability over small-scales, and the desirability of forecasting tools. This chapter discusses how these themes are focal issues in many of the world's seas, including the northeast Pacific Ocean. The chapter identifies how established climate-fish links often deteriorate with time, and underscore the role of regime shifts and switches of climatic controlling factors.
Gordon L. Clark, Adam D. Dixon, and Ashby H. B. Monk
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691142296
- eISBN:
- 9781400846511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691142296.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
This chapter first looks at the problems associated with managing resource riches, referencing academic literature that coined the phrase “Dutch disease” (resource wealth may be lost by virtue of ...
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This chapter first looks at the problems associated with managing resource riches, referencing academic literature that coined the phrase “Dutch disease” (resource wealth may be lost by virtue of institutional incapacity and the adverse effects of unmanaged income flows through the domestic economy). It then turns to the issue of institutional innovation, noting that while a couple of Middle Eastern countries were early adopters of the sovereign wealth fund (SWF) institution, the establishment of such funds was driven in large part by Western interests in the region. Only later, when the flow of funds came to dominate Gulf States' macroeconomic planning and development, did the sudden increase of SWF adoption take place. Hence, the SWF is inherently Western. Nonetheless, the Gulf States appear committed to Western economic norms and institutions, if not Western conceptions of liberal democracy.Less
This chapter first looks at the problems associated with managing resource riches, referencing academic literature that coined the phrase “Dutch disease” (resource wealth may be lost by virtue of institutional incapacity and the adverse effects of unmanaged income flows through the domestic economy). It then turns to the issue of institutional innovation, noting that while a couple of Middle Eastern countries were early adopters of the sovereign wealth fund (SWF) institution, the establishment of such funds was driven in large part by Western interests in the region. Only later, when the flow of funds came to dominate Gulf States' macroeconomic planning and development, did the sudden increase of SWF adoption take place. Hence, the SWF is inherently Western. Nonetheless, the Gulf States appear committed to Western economic norms and institutions, if not Western conceptions of liberal democracy.
William S. Belko (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813035253
- eISBN:
- 9780813039121
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813035253.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
Conventional history narratives tell us that in the early years of the Republic, the United States fought three wars against the Seminole Indians and two against the Creeks. However, this book argues ...
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Conventional history narratives tell us that in the early years of the Republic, the United States fought three wars against the Seminole Indians and two against the Creeks. However, this book argues that we would do better to view these events as moments of heightened military aggression punctuating a much longer period of conflict in the Gulf Coast region. Featuring chapters on topics ranging from international diplomacy to Seminole military strategy, the volume urges us to reconsider the reasons for and impact of early U.S. territorial expansion. It highlights the actions and motivations of Indians and African Americans during the period and establishes the groundwork for research that is more balanced and looks beyond the hopes and dreams of whites.Less
Conventional history narratives tell us that in the early years of the Republic, the United States fought three wars against the Seminole Indians and two against the Creeks. However, this book argues that we would do better to view these events as moments of heightened military aggression punctuating a much longer period of conflict in the Gulf Coast region. Featuring chapters on topics ranging from international diplomacy to Seminole military strategy, the volume urges us to reconsider the reasons for and impact of early U.S. territorial expansion. It highlights the actions and motivations of Indians and African Americans during the period and establishes the groundwork for research that is more balanced and looks beyond the hopes and dreams of whites.
Thomas H. Stanton
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199915996
- eISBN:
- 9780199950324
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199915996.003.0010
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
Chapter 10 expands the lessons of this book from financial firms to other types of company and their nominal regulators. Case studies include the BP Gulf Oil Spill, the Massey Mining disaster, PG&E’s ...
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Chapter 10 expands the lessons of this book from financial firms to other types of company and their nominal regulators. Case studies include the BP Gulf Oil Spill, the Massey Mining disaster, PG&E’s San Bruno gas pipeline explosion, hospital medical errors, and other examples. These firms too show the need for constructive dialogue, the harmful effects of sociologist Diane Vaughan’s “normalization of deviance,” and sometimes disastrous problems caused by impeded flow of information between front-line employees of an organization and top leaders. The chapter concludes that this book is not only about the financial crisis: it provides lessons about organization, governance and management of private and public organizations more generally and the need to strengthen the institutions upon which all of us depend for our safety and economic well being.Less
Chapter 10 expands the lessons of this book from financial firms to other types of company and their nominal regulators. Case studies include the BP Gulf Oil Spill, the Massey Mining disaster, PG&E’s San Bruno gas pipeline explosion, hospital medical errors, and other examples. These firms too show the need for constructive dialogue, the harmful effects of sociologist Diane Vaughan’s “normalization of deviance,” and sometimes disastrous problems caused by impeded flow of information between front-line employees of an organization and top leaders. The chapter concludes that this book is not only about the financial crisis: it provides lessons about organization, governance and management of private and public organizations more generally and the need to strengthen the institutions upon which all of us depend for our safety and economic well being.
Williams Martin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083491
- eISBN:
- 9780199853205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083491.003.0024
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Just like any other musician, Morton travelled. He frequently documented his travels. Alan Lomax's book “Mister Jelly Roll” states that during 1904, “he was constantly on the prod, using New Orleans ...
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Just like any other musician, Morton travelled. He frequently documented his travels. Alan Lomax's book “Mister Jelly Roll” states that during 1904, “he was constantly on the prod, using New Orleans as the base of operations . . .” The “Jack the Bear” episode started in Jackson, Mississippi, and moved to Memphis, Tennessee. “Alabama Bound” carried him through many wanderings in the Gulf Coast as well as other places. When Morton was commissioned to record his “New Orleans Memories” in 1939, he included “Don't You Leave Me Here,” based on “Alabama Bound”, with an altered melody.Less
Just like any other musician, Morton travelled. He frequently documented his travels. Alan Lomax's book “Mister Jelly Roll” states that during 1904, “he was constantly on the prod, using New Orleans as the base of operations . . .” The “Jack the Bear” episode started in Jackson, Mississippi, and moved to Memphis, Tennessee. “Alabama Bound” carried him through many wanderings in the Gulf Coast as well as other places. When Morton was commissioned to record his “New Orleans Memories” in 1939, he included “Don't You Leave Me Here,” based on “Alabama Bound”, with an altered melody.
Mehran Kamrava
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781501720352
- eISBN:
- 9781501720369
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501720352.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Middle Eastern Politics
This book examines the causes and consequences of each of those dynamics, both individually and collectively, that have made this small waterway and its surrounding areas one of the most volatile and ...
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This book examines the causes and consequences of each of those dynamics, both individually and collectively, that have made this small waterway and its surrounding areas one of the most volatile and tension-filled regions in the world. This pervasive insecurity, the book argues, is largely a product of four interrelated developments. The examination of these four central developments forms the central basis around which the book’s arguments are organized. Briefly, they include preoccupation with “conventional” security threats at the expense of pervasive, though largely intangible, non-conventional “critical security” issues; the flawed nature of the prevailing security architecture, which, ironically, perpetuates regional insecurity; the deliberate actions and policies of the regional and extra-regional actors involved in the Persian Gulf; and, the self-reinforcing nature of the region’s security dilemma.Less
This book examines the causes and consequences of each of those dynamics, both individually and collectively, that have made this small waterway and its surrounding areas one of the most volatile and tension-filled regions in the world. This pervasive insecurity, the book argues, is largely a product of four interrelated developments. The examination of these four central developments forms the central basis around which the book’s arguments are organized. Briefly, they include preoccupation with “conventional” security threats at the expense of pervasive, though largely intangible, non-conventional “critical security” issues; the flawed nature of the prevailing security architecture, which, ironically, perpetuates regional insecurity; the deliberate actions and policies of the regional and extra-regional actors involved in the Persian Gulf; and, the self-reinforcing nature of the region’s security dilemma.
