Richard S. Dunn
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205623
- eISBN:
- 9780191676703
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205623.003.0020
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter argues to the contrary that the Glorious Revolution was a genuinely transatlantic phenomenon, and that the colonial protests against James II's style of government reshaped English ...
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This chapter argues to the contrary that the Glorious Revolution was a genuinely transatlantic phenomenon, and that the colonial protests against James II's style of government reshaped English policy and American society in enduring ways. The colonial rebels in 1689 shared, with most Englishmen at home, common objections to James's absolutism and to his Catholicism. They were not aiming for independence as in 1776, and many of them welcomed a closer, more collaborative relationship with the post-revolutionary home government. The colonists' settlement with the Crown in the 1690s, while more restrictive than the bargain struck between Parliament and Crown at home, eradicated the most autocratic features of James II's colonial rule, and also bolstered the ultra-Protestant and anti-Catholic character of religious life in English America.Less
This chapter argues to the contrary that the Glorious Revolution was a genuinely transatlantic phenomenon, and that the colonial protests against James II's style of government reshaped English policy and American society in enduring ways. The colonial rebels in 1689 shared, with most Englishmen at home, common objections to James's absolutism and to his Catholicism. They were not aiming for independence as in 1776, and many of them welcomed a closer, more collaborative relationship with the post-revolutionary home government. The colonists' settlement with the Crown in the 1690s, while more restrictive than the bargain struck between Parliament and Crown at home, eradicated the most autocratic features of James II's colonial rule, and also bolstered the ultra-Protestant and anti-Catholic character of religious life in English America.
Paolo Mauro, Nathan Sussman, and Yishay Yafeh
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199272693
- eISBN:
- 9780191603488
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199272697.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
This chapter conducts a case study of spreads on sovereign bonds issued by Japan and Russia, two countries that introduced the gold standard in 1897. It is shown that Japanese spreads were relatively ...
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This chapter conducts a case study of spreads on sovereign bonds issued by Japan and Russia, two countries that introduced the gold standard in 1897. It is shown that Japanese spreads were relatively unaffected by the establishment of some of Japan’s most important institutions, including the promulgation of the Meiji Constitution in 1889, which explicitly guaranteed the protection of property rights and the rule of law. The only institutional reform that led to an immediate improvement in Japan’s ‘credit rating’ was the adoption of the gold standard. Japan’s war with Russia (1904-1905) and its successful outcome had a far more visible impact on spreads than most institutional reforms. The chapter also conducts a case study of the British-Dutch interest differential around the Glorious Revolution. It shows that developments regarding war and peace had a far greater impact on borrowing costs than institutional reforms.Less
This chapter conducts a case study of spreads on sovereign bonds issued by Japan and Russia, two countries that introduced the gold standard in 1897. It is shown that Japanese spreads were relatively unaffected by the establishment of some of Japan’s most important institutions, including the promulgation of the Meiji Constitution in 1889, which explicitly guaranteed the protection of property rights and the rule of law. The only institutional reform that led to an immediate improvement in Japan’s ‘credit rating’ was the adoption of the gold standard. Japan’s war with Russia (1904-1905) and its successful outcome had a far more visible impact on spreads than most institutional reforms. The chapter also conducts a case study of the British-Dutch interest differential around the Glorious Revolution. It shows that developments regarding war and peace had a far greater impact on borrowing costs than institutional reforms.
David S. Katz
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206675
- eISBN:
- 9780191677267
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206675.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter sees that the granting of a written permission for resettlement by James II in 1685 actually had very little to do with the Jews themselves, ...
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This chapter sees that the granting of a written permission for resettlement by James II in 1685 actually had very little to do with the Jews themselves, but was part of the King's campaign to obtain concessions for his fellow Roman Catholics as part of his dispute over his suspending and dispensing powers. Far from being a grand Magna Carta of Jewish liberties, the document is revealed to be almost an afterthought. This new perspective could be uncovered only by looking at the general history of the period, unhampered by Jewish historical tunnel vision. The concerted attacks on the Jewish community's economic well-being passed with the consolidation of the Glorious Revolution, but demonstrated how fragile their conditions of residence still might be.Less
This chapter sees that the granting of a written permission for resettlement by James II in 1685 actually had very little to do with the Jews themselves, but was part of the King's campaign to obtain concessions for his fellow Roman Catholics as part of his dispute over his suspending and dispensing powers. Far from being a grand Magna Carta of Jewish liberties, the document is revealed to be almost an afterthought. This new perspective could be uncovered only by looking at the general history of the period, unhampered by Jewish historical tunnel vision. The concerted attacks on the Jewish community's economic well-being passed with the consolidation of the Glorious Revolution, but demonstrated how fragile their conditions of residence still might be.
Stephen Conway
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199210855
- eISBN:
- 9780191725111
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199210855.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter examines the ways in which the British and Irish viewed the constitution made between 1689 and 1701, not just during those years, but over the course of the following century. Abundant ...
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This chapter examines the ways in which the British and Irish viewed the constitution made between 1689 and 1701, not just during those years, but over the course of the following century. Abundant evidence exists that many of the British and the Protestant Irish saw the Glorious Revolution and associated constitutional developments as distinguishing their countries from the rest of Europe. Yet we can also see that many contemporaries were well aware of Britain's connections with continental politics, and that they envisaged Britain's own constitution as part of a European pattern, the origins of which lay in the Gothic past.Less
This chapter examines the ways in which the British and Irish viewed the constitution made between 1689 and 1701, not just during those years, but over the course of the following century. Abundant evidence exists that many of the British and the Protestant Irish saw the Glorious Revolution and associated constitutional developments as distinguishing their countries from the rest of Europe. Yet we can also see that many contemporaries were well aware of Britain's connections with continental politics, and that they envisaged Britain's own constitution as part of a European pattern, the origins of which lay in the Gothic past.
Andrew Mansfield
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719088377
- eISBN:
- 9781526103901
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719088377.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
Beginning with the Restoration to the throne of Charles II in 1660, this contextual chapter charts the ideological opposition that emerged in England as the crown endeavoured to centralise the state. ...
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Beginning with the Restoration to the throne of Charles II in 1660, this contextual chapter charts the ideological opposition that emerged in England as the crown endeavoured to centralise the state. It reveals how both Charles II and James II’s attempts to make the crown independent of Parliament caused tensions that led to the Glorious Revolution (1688). These divisions notably manifested themselves in the creation of the Whig and Tory political parties and their accompanying beliefs. The chapter therefore underlines the importance of seventeenth century political and religious opposition in playing a significant role in shaping the state and the British political landscape in the early eighteenth century.Less
Beginning with the Restoration to the throne of Charles II in 1660, this contextual chapter charts the ideological opposition that emerged in England as the crown endeavoured to centralise the state. It reveals how both Charles II and James II’s attempts to make the crown independent of Parliament caused tensions that led to the Glorious Revolution (1688). These divisions notably manifested themselves in the creation of the Whig and Tory political parties and their accompanying beliefs. The chapter therefore underlines the importance of seventeenth century political and religious opposition in playing a significant role in shaping the state and the British political landscape in the early eighteenth century.
Jonathan I. Israel
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199279227
- eISBN:
- 9780191700040
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199279227.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas, European Modern History
This chapter discusses the concept of ‘popular sovereignty’. Well before 1750 an entrenched, underground tradition existed in Germany and France, proclaiming ‘popular sovereignty’ along the same ...
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This chapter discusses the concept of ‘popular sovereignty’. Well before 1750 an entrenched, underground tradition existed in Germany and France, proclaiming ‘popular sovereignty’ along the same lines as could somewhat more openly be done in Holland and Britain. Justified resistance and right to revolution had taken root at least as an underground current of opinion and may well have been a stronger force in western culture before 1750 than historians have generally been willing to concede. The Dutch Revolt and the Glorious Revolution for some became part of a new kind of political mythology, exerting a cultural and intellectual impact which extended far beyond the confines of Protestant north-west Europe, imparting a decisive new twist to western European thinking about society and politics.Less
This chapter discusses the concept of ‘popular sovereignty’. Well before 1750 an entrenched, underground tradition existed in Germany and France, proclaiming ‘popular sovereignty’ along the same lines as could somewhat more openly be done in Holland and Britain. Justified resistance and right to revolution had taken root at least as an underground current of opinion and may well have been a stronger force in western culture before 1750 than historians have generally been willing to concede. The Dutch Revolt and the Glorious Revolution for some became part of a new kind of political mythology, exerting a cultural and intellectual impact which extended far beyond the confines of Protestant north-west Europe, imparting a decisive new twist to western European thinking about society and politics.
Louise A. Breen
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195138009
- eISBN:
- 9780199834006
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195138007.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter uses the witchcraft accusation against John Alden in 1692 as a focal point to show how suspicions against those associated with the frontier, imperial concerns, Indians, and religious ...
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This chapter uses the witchcraft accusation against John Alden in 1692 as a focal point to show how suspicions against those associated with the frontier, imperial concerns, Indians, and religious heterodoxy coalesced in the last decade of the seventeenth century. Alden symbolized the vices thought to accompany religious heterodoxy, imperial control, and a biracial frontier. Not only had he befriended Anglicans and Quakers, but he had also betrayed his own son in an abortive captive exchange just weeks before being cried down as a witch and had been accused of miscegenation and trading arms to the colony's French and Indian enemies in King William's War. This same set of vices was attributed to the hated royal governor Edmund Andros, who was ejected from Massachusetts in the colony's version of the Glorious Revolution.Less
This chapter uses the witchcraft accusation against John Alden in 1692 as a focal point to show how suspicions against those associated with the frontier, imperial concerns, Indians, and religious heterodoxy coalesced in the last decade of the seventeenth century. Alden symbolized the vices thought to accompany religious heterodoxy, imperial control, and a biracial frontier. Not only had he befriended Anglicans and Quakers, but he had also betrayed his own son in an abortive captive exchange just weeks before being cried down as a witch and had been accused of miscegenation and trading arms to the colony's French and Indian enemies in King William's War. This same set of vices was attributed to the hated royal governor Edmund Andros, who was ejected from Massachusetts in the colony's version of the Glorious Revolution.
David S. Katz
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201960
- eISBN:
- 9780191675102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201960.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
This chapter suggests that the earlier generous treatment of the Jews by James II was designed, at least in part, to affirm his power to dispense with penal statutes. King James II gave the Jews of ...
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This chapter suggests that the earlier generous treatment of the Jews by James II was designed, at least in part, to affirm his power to dispense with penal statutes. King James II gave the Jews of England what amounted to a Declaration of Indulgence, at the very time when the entire issue of his suspending and dispensing powers was becoming controversial, and a year and a half before he granted the same rights to all other nonconformists. The chapter also draws attention to the fiscal pressures on the Jews in the years 1689–90. Between April 1689 and December 1690, the Jews already residing in London at the time of the Glorious Revolution were subject to a number of attacks which were designed to extract as much money as possible from them. All put pressure on the Jews to demonstrate financially their loyalty to the new government.Less
This chapter suggests that the earlier generous treatment of the Jews by James II was designed, at least in part, to affirm his power to dispense with penal statutes. King James II gave the Jews of England what amounted to a Declaration of Indulgence, at the very time when the entire issue of his suspending and dispensing powers was becoming controversial, and a year and a half before he granted the same rights to all other nonconformists. The chapter also draws attention to the fiscal pressures on the Jews in the years 1689–90. Between April 1689 and December 1690, the Jews already residing in London at the time of the Glorious Revolution were subject to a number of attacks which were designed to extract as much money as possible from them. All put pressure on the Jews to demonstrate financially their loyalty to the new government.
Michael Burrage
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199282982
- eISBN:
- 9780191700231
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199282982.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Legal Profession and Ethics
This chapter examines the impact of the revolution on the legal profession in England. It suggests that learned friends and gentlemen were the beneficiaries of the Glorious Revolution. It describes ...
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This chapter examines the impact of the revolution on the legal profession in England. It suggests that learned friends and gentlemen were the beneficiaries of the Glorious Revolution. It describes the legal system during the 12th and 13th centuries which showed the earliest traces of individuals performance specialist legal tasks around which the two modern English legal professions were eventually organized. It discusses changes in the practice of law after the revolution and the conflict between the two legal professions.Less
This chapter examines the impact of the revolution on the legal profession in England. It suggests that learned friends and gentlemen were the beneficiaries of the Glorious Revolution. It describes the legal system during the 12th and 13th centuries which showed the earliest traces of individuals performance specialist legal tasks around which the two modern English legal professions were eventually organized. It discusses changes in the practice of law after the revolution and the conflict between the two legal professions.
P. J. Marshall and Alaine Low (eds)
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205630
- eISBN:
- 9780191676710
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205630.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
This book is volume II of a series detailing the history of the British Empire and it examines the history of British worldwide expansion from the Glorious Revolution of 1689 to the end of the ...
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This book is volume II of a series detailing the history of the British Empire and it examines the history of British worldwide expansion from the Glorious Revolution of 1689 to the end of the Napoleonic Wars, a crucial phase in the creation of the modern British Empire. This is the age of General Wolfe, Clive of India, and Captain Cook. Chapters trace and analyse the development and expansion of the British Empire over more than a century. They show how trade, warfare, and migration created an Empire, at first overwhelmingly in the Americas but later increasingly in Asia. Although the Empire was ruptured by the American Revolution, it survived and grew into an empire that was to dominate the world during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.Less
This book is volume II of a series detailing the history of the British Empire and it examines the history of British worldwide expansion from the Glorious Revolution of 1689 to the end of the Napoleonic Wars, a crucial phase in the creation of the modern British Empire. This is the age of General Wolfe, Clive of India, and Captain Cook. Chapters trace and analyse the development and expansion of the British Empire over more than a century. They show how trade, warfare, and migration created an Empire, at first overwhelmingly in the Americas but later increasingly in Asia. Although the Empire was ruptured by the American Revolution, it survived and grew into an empire that was to dominate the world during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Roger B. Manning
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199261499
- eISBN:
- 9780191718625
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261499.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
A profound alteration of England’s foreign and military policies in 1689 led to a century and more of global warfare with France which ended only in 1815. This reorientation of British priorities was ...
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A profound alteration of England’s foreign and military policies in 1689 led to a century and more of global warfare with France which ended only in 1815. This reorientation of British priorities was accomplished not by the Glorious or bloodless Revolution of Whig mythology, but by a Dutch invasion of England resulting from the largest joint military and naval amphibious operation ever launched in early modern Europe. The decision to declare the throne of England vacant and to offer the crown to William III, prince of Orange, and thus commit England to a mainland war, was taken by the Convention Parliament while London was under Dutch military occupation. James II, whose courage had been so resolute in earlier military and naval battles, lost heart as his senior officers deserted, and he and his army never offered resistance.Less
A profound alteration of England’s foreign and military policies in 1689 led to a century and more of global warfare with France which ended only in 1815. This reorientation of British priorities was accomplished not by the Glorious or bloodless Revolution of Whig mythology, but by a Dutch invasion of England resulting from the largest joint military and naval amphibious operation ever launched in early modern Europe. The decision to declare the throne of England vacant and to offer the crown to William III, prince of Orange, and thus commit England to a mainland war, was taken by the Convention Parliament while London was under Dutch military occupation. James II, whose courage had been so resolute in earlier military and naval battles, lost heart as his senior officers deserted, and he and his army never offered resistance.
Thomas S. Kidd
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300104219
- eISBN:
- 9780300128406
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300104219.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
During the early eighteenth century, colonial New England witnessed the end of Puritanism and the emergence of a revivalist religious movement that culminated in the evangelical awakenings of the ...
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During the early eighteenth century, colonial New England witnessed the end of Puritanism and the emergence of a revivalist religious movement that culminated in the evangelical awakenings of the 1740s. This book explores the religious history of New England during the period and offers new reasons for this change in cultural identity. After England's Glorious Revolution, New Englanders abandoned their previous hostility toward Britain, viewing it as the chosen leader in the Protestant fight against world Catholicism. They also imagined themselves as part of an international Protestant community and replaced their Puritan beliefs with a revival-centered pan-Protestantism. The book discusses the rise of “the Protestant interest,” and provides a compelling argument about the origins of both eighteenth-century revivalism and the global evangelical movement.Less
During the early eighteenth century, colonial New England witnessed the end of Puritanism and the emergence of a revivalist religious movement that culminated in the evangelical awakenings of the 1740s. This book explores the religious history of New England during the period and offers new reasons for this change in cultural identity. After England's Glorious Revolution, New Englanders abandoned their previous hostility toward Britain, viewing it as the chosen leader in the Protestant fight against world Catholicism. They also imagined themselves as part of an international Protestant community and replaced their Puritan beliefs with a revival-centered pan-Protestantism. The book discusses the rise of “the Protestant interest,” and provides a compelling argument about the origins of both eighteenth-century revivalism and the global evangelical movement.
Carol Barash
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198186861
- eISBN:
- 9780191674587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186861.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
The years between the coronation of William III and Mary II in 1688 and the death of Anne in 1714 were marked by fierce public debates about the relationship between gender and political authority. ...
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The years between the coronation of William III and Mary II in 1688 and the death of Anne in 1714 were marked by fierce public debates about the relationship between gender and political authority. In political terms, the Glorious Revolution was crucial in replacing a model of absolute authority vested in the mystical, semi-divine ‘body of the Prince’ with a contract between monarch and subjects. The Glorious Revolution also encouraged expanded freedoms of speech and the press. At the same time, however, many new forms of social regulation developed in this period: the Societies for the Reformation of Manners advocated a wide range of controls, from the regulation of prostitution to government constraints on popular entertainment; the London theatres were unofficially purged of the bawdy language and double entendre so popular after the Restoration; and there was increasing concern about sexual morality, male homosexuality in particular perceived to be a cultural threat. This chapter examines the issues and conflicts these larger political shifts create for late 17th- and early 18th-century women poets, and with the ways in which these conflicts resonate in women's public writings, even in some cases works which may seem not to address political contests directly.Less
The years between the coronation of William III and Mary II in 1688 and the death of Anne in 1714 were marked by fierce public debates about the relationship between gender and political authority. In political terms, the Glorious Revolution was crucial in replacing a model of absolute authority vested in the mystical, semi-divine ‘body of the Prince’ with a contract between monarch and subjects. The Glorious Revolution also encouraged expanded freedoms of speech and the press. At the same time, however, many new forms of social regulation developed in this period: the Societies for the Reformation of Manners advocated a wide range of controls, from the regulation of prostitution to government constraints on popular entertainment; the London theatres were unofficially purged of the bawdy language and double entendre so popular after the Restoration; and there was increasing concern about sexual morality, male homosexuality in particular perceived to be a cultural threat. This chapter examines the issues and conflicts these larger political shifts create for late 17th- and early 18th-century women poets, and with the ways in which these conflicts resonate in women's public writings, even in some cases works which may seem not to address political contests directly.
Toni Bowers
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199592135
- eISBN:
- 9780191725340
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592135.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
Force or Fraud—rape or seduction? This book examines the development, between the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 and the accession of George III in 1760, of the peculiarly modern habit of making ...
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Force or Fraud—rape or seduction? This book examines the development, between the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 and the accession of George III in 1760, of the peculiarly modern habit of making that distinction on the basis of female responsive agency. It tells the story of how rape and seduction came to be distinguished according to measures of women's resistance and consent in low-brow “amatory” writing, and how at the same time amatory fictions interrogated the implications of their own procedures, implications still very much with us today. The amatory tales of Aphra Behn, Delarivier Manley, Eliza Haywood, and Samuel Richardson—early pioneers in British prose fiction—were immensely popular in their day. But they were also scandalous and controversial, not least because they so often depicted innocent young women under assault from men in positions of legitimate authority over them. Focusing on an ideologically-inflected strategy it calls “collusive resistance,” This book demonstrates that formulaic late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century seduction stories wielded a surprising degree of power and influence—not only over female imaginations, publication lists, and leisure time, but also over the interpretation of one of the age's most troubling problems: the problem of constructing virtuous resistance to those in authority. Stories about the ambiguous seductions of young women helped British political subjects to negotiate a period of dramatic change and uncertainty, and to imagine newly legitimate forms of resistance.Less
Force or Fraud—rape or seduction? This book examines the development, between the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 and the accession of George III in 1760, of the peculiarly modern habit of making that distinction on the basis of female responsive agency. It tells the story of how rape and seduction came to be distinguished according to measures of women's resistance and consent in low-brow “amatory” writing, and how at the same time amatory fictions interrogated the implications of their own procedures, implications still very much with us today. The amatory tales of Aphra Behn, Delarivier Manley, Eliza Haywood, and Samuel Richardson—early pioneers in British prose fiction—were immensely popular in their day. But they were also scandalous and controversial, not least because they so often depicted innocent young women under assault from men in positions of legitimate authority over them. Focusing on an ideologically-inflected strategy it calls “collusive resistance,” This book demonstrates that formulaic late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century seduction stories wielded a surprising degree of power and influence—not only over female imaginations, publication lists, and leisure time, but also over the interpretation of one of the age's most troubling problems: the problem of constructing virtuous resistance to those in authority. Stories about the ambiguous seductions of young women helped British political subjects to negotiate a period of dramatic change and uncertainty, and to imagine newly legitimate forms of resistance.
Ole Peter Grell, Jonathan I. Israel, and Nicholas Tyacke (eds)
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201960
- eISBN:
- 9780191675102
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201960.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
This book examines the importance of the Glorious Revolution and the passing of the Toleration Act to the development of religious and intellectual freedom in England. Most historians have considered ...
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This book examines the importance of the Glorious Revolution and the passing of the Toleration Act to the development of religious and intellectual freedom in England. Most historians have considered these events to be of little significance in this connection. This book however focuses on the importance of the Toleration Act for contemporaries, and also explores its wider historical context and impact. Taking its point of departure from the intolerance of the sixteenth century, the book goes on to emphasize what is here seen to be the very substantial contribution of the Toleration Act for the development of religious freedom in England. It demonstrates that this freedom was initially limited to Protestant Nonconformists, immigrant as well as English, and that it quickly came in practice to include Catholics, Jews, and anti-Trinitarians.Less
This book examines the importance of the Glorious Revolution and the passing of the Toleration Act to the development of religious and intellectual freedom in England. Most historians have considered these events to be of little significance in this connection. This book however focuses on the importance of the Toleration Act for contemporaries, and also explores its wider historical context and impact. Taking its point of departure from the intolerance of the sixteenth century, the book goes on to emphasize what is here seen to be the very substantial contribution of the Toleration Act for the development of religious freedom in England. It demonstrates that this freedom was initially limited to Protestant Nonconformists, immigrant as well as English, and that it quickly came in practice to include Catholics, Jews, and anti-Trinitarians.
Maura Jane Farrelly
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199757718
- eISBN:
- 9780199932504
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199757718.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
When it came to the issue of religion – and specifically to the relationship between Church and State – Cecilius Calvert was far ahead of his times in his attempt to construct a society that had no ...
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When it came to the issue of religion – and specifically to the relationship between Church and State – Cecilius Calvert was far ahead of his times in his attempt to construct a society that had no state-supported church and mandated an atmosphere of civility and legal tolerance for all Christians. When it came to government, however – and specifically to the relationship between governors and those they governed – Calvert was behind the times, or at the very least unappreciative of the fact that the times were changing, and that his philosophies of government were failing to keep up. This chapter considers Calvert’s Act Concerning Religion, the absolutist approach to authority of the second Lord Baltimore and his son, Charles, the impact of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution on Protestant-Catholic relations in Maryland, and the end of the proprietorship of the Catholic Lords Baltimore.Less
When it came to the issue of religion – and specifically to the relationship between Church and State – Cecilius Calvert was far ahead of his times in his attempt to construct a society that had no state-supported church and mandated an atmosphere of civility and legal tolerance for all Christians. When it came to government, however – and specifically to the relationship between governors and those they governed – Calvert was behind the times, or at the very least unappreciative of the fact that the times were changing, and that his philosophies of government were failing to keep up. This chapter considers Calvert’s Act Concerning Religion, the absolutist approach to authority of the second Lord Baltimore and his son, Charles, the impact of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution on Protestant-Catholic relations in Maryland, and the end of the proprietorship of the Catholic Lords Baltimore.
Robin D. Gwynn
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201960
- eISBN:
- 9780191675102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201960.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
Henry Compton, bishop of London, asked a proctor in the Canterbury Court of Arches to prepare a formal order which required both the French churches of Savoy and of London in Threadnettle street to ...
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Henry Compton, bishop of London, asked a proctor in the Canterbury Court of Arches to prepare a formal order which required both the French churches of Savoy and of London in Threadnettle street to supply an account of the French congregations existing in and about the capital, and the rights and privileges by which each had been established. After enumerating fourteen non-conformist congregations, the response of both churches concluded with a declaration that it was not possible to account for the rights and privileges whereby each of them is established. Compton replied that he would try to regulate the situation, since the King would not be pleased. This chapter examines why the Bishop had become sufficiently agitated to order the enquiry and how the situation had deteriorated during the reign of William and Mary. It also assesses how far the Glorious Revolution was responsible for the developments that had occurred.Less
Henry Compton, bishop of London, asked a proctor in the Canterbury Court of Arches to prepare a formal order which required both the French churches of Savoy and of London in Threadnettle street to supply an account of the French congregations existing in and about the capital, and the rights and privileges by which each had been established. After enumerating fourteen non-conformist congregations, the response of both churches concluded with a declaration that it was not possible to account for the rights and privileges whereby each of them is established. Compton replied that he would try to regulate the situation, since the King would not be pleased. This chapter examines why the Bishop had become sufficiently agitated to order the enquiry and how the situation had deteriorated during the reign of William and Mary. It also assesses how far the Glorious Revolution was responsible for the developments that had occurred.
Maximillian E. Novak
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199261543
- eISBN:
- 9780191698743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261543.003.0017
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
While Daniel Defoe was experiencing all kinds of tribulations in his business affairs, he was also emerging as an author. His experience of bankruptcy and the various legal actions brought against ...
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While Daniel Defoe was experiencing all kinds of tribulations in his business affairs, he was also emerging as an author. His experience of bankruptcy and the various legal actions brought against him introduced him to two powerful and transforming emotional experiences — shame and humiliation. The long discussion of bankruptcy in The Compleat English Tradesman portrays the experience in terms of psychological theatre. Although he wrote only one full-length book during the thirteen-year reign of William III, An Essay upon Projects, this was the period when Defoe emerged as a powerful writer on politics and society in both prose and verse. For someone like Defoe, who grew up with the terror of the possible eradication of Protestantism by Louis XIV, confidence in the permanence of the Glorious Revolution was impossible. Only after 1723, when one more Jacobite plot was easily defeated, was he to relax his propaganda campaigns against the Jacobites. Defoe’s masters in this form of political controversy in verse were Andrew Marvell and John Dryden.Less
While Daniel Defoe was experiencing all kinds of tribulations in his business affairs, he was also emerging as an author. His experience of bankruptcy and the various legal actions brought against him introduced him to two powerful and transforming emotional experiences — shame and humiliation. The long discussion of bankruptcy in The Compleat English Tradesman portrays the experience in terms of psychological theatre. Although he wrote only one full-length book during the thirteen-year reign of William III, An Essay upon Projects, this was the period when Defoe emerged as a powerful writer on politics and society in both prose and verse. For someone like Defoe, who grew up with the terror of the possible eradication of Protestantism by Louis XIV, confidence in the permanence of the Glorious Revolution was impossible. Only after 1723, when one more Jacobite plot was easily defeated, was he to relax his propaganda campaigns against the Jacobites. Defoe’s masters in this form of political controversy in verse were Andrew Marvell and John Dryden.
Richard R. Johnson
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205630
- eISBN:
- 9780191676710
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205630.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
Fundamental to the growth and mastery of Britain were the stimuli that British North America received from its ties with Europe’s needs, distresses, and —especially —its conflicts. Of the period’s ...
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Fundamental to the growth and mastery of Britain were the stimuli that British North America received from its ties with Europe’s needs, distresses, and —especially —its conflicts. Of the period’s sixty-year span, itself defined by two European events, from the Glorious Revolution to the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, thirty were years of transatlantic wars — of the League of Augsburg (1689–97), of the Spanish Succession (1702–13), and of the Austrian Succession (1740–48) — struggles only later Americanized in a republican spirit of ascribing unwelcome events to British monarchs as, respectively, King William’s, Queen Anne’s, and King George’s War. The most visible evidence of British North America’s relative immunity from the insecurities of war was its dramatic demographic growth. The six decades that followed the Glorious Revolution in British North America were a time of dramatic, indeed unprecedented, growth sustained within the bounds of a remarkable institutional stability. Settlement patterns, labour systems, and ethnicities all changed in ways that would have enduring effects upon American society.Less
Fundamental to the growth and mastery of Britain were the stimuli that British North America received from its ties with Europe’s needs, distresses, and —especially —its conflicts. Of the period’s sixty-year span, itself defined by two European events, from the Glorious Revolution to the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, thirty were years of transatlantic wars — of the League of Augsburg (1689–97), of the Spanish Succession (1702–13), and of the Austrian Succession (1740–48) — struggles only later Americanized in a republican spirit of ascribing unwelcome events to British monarchs as, respectively, King William’s, Queen Anne’s, and King George’s War. The most visible evidence of British North America’s relative immunity from the insecurities of war was its dramatic demographic growth. The six decades that followed the Glorious Revolution in British North America were a time of dramatic, indeed unprecedented, growth sustained within the bounds of a remarkable institutional stability. Settlement patterns, labour systems, and ethnicities all changed in ways that would have enduring effects upon American society.
S. J. Connolly
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199543472
- eISBN:
- 9780191716553
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199543472.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
The accession of James II gave Catholics a short-lived ascendancy, until the Glorious Revolution and the defeat of James's Irish supporters by William III. Immediately afterwards the Irish ...
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The accession of James II gave Catholics a short-lived ascendancy, until the Glorious Revolution and the defeat of James's Irish supporters by William III. Immediately afterwards the Irish parliament, taking advantage of the war time crisis in government finances, staked its claim to a share in the liberties associated with the Revolution. It also used its new bargaining power to demand penal laws against Irish Catholics. Protestant dissenters had played their part in the Protestant victory, but their rising numbers, due to continued Scottish immigration, created fear within the Anglican ruling class, leading to the imposition of the sacramental test.Less
The accession of James II gave Catholics a short-lived ascendancy, until the Glorious Revolution and the defeat of James's Irish supporters by William III. Immediately afterwards the Irish parliament, taking advantage of the war time crisis in government finances, staked its claim to a share in the liberties associated with the Revolution. It also used its new bargaining power to demand penal laws against Irish Catholics. Protestant dissenters had played their part in the Protestant victory, but their rising numbers, due to continued Scottish immigration, created fear within the Anglican ruling class, leading to the imposition of the sacramental test.
