Robert Kelz
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781501739859
- eISBN:
- 9781501739873
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501739859.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This introductory chapter contextualizes three different competing German theater groups within the cultural backdrop of Argentina as well as German exilic literature. In doing so, the chapter ...
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This introductory chapter contextualizes three different competing German theater groups within the cultural backdrop of Argentina as well as German exilic literature. In doing so, the chapter describes a gap within German exile studies where it concerns the artistic output of Germans abroad. Additionally, it briefly demonstrates the link between the disparate disciplines of German, Jewish, Latin American, and migration studies as they are understood across historiography, dramatic theory, and literary criticism. Here, theater is the stage upon which these competing forces meet. At the core of their emphasis on the dramatic genre is the concept of theater as a community-building institution. The chapter thus reveals the social dimension of theater and how it applies to this volume's themes.Less
This introductory chapter contextualizes three different competing German theater groups within the cultural backdrop of Argentina as well as German exilic literature. In doing so, the chapter describes a gap within German exile studies where it concerns the artistic output of Germans abroad. Additionally, it briefly demonstrates the link between the disparate disciplines of German, Jewish, Latin American, and migration studies as they are understood across historiography, dramatic theory, and literary criticism. Here, theater is the stage upon which these competing forces meet. At the core of their emphasis on the dramatic genre is the concept of theater as a community-building institution. The chapter thus reveals the social dimension of theater and how it applies to this volume's themes.
Georg Leidenberger
Frank Jacob and Mario Keßler (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- September 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781800859609
- eISBN:
- 9781800852419
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781800859609.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Political History
The case of modern architect Hannes Meyer’s stay in Mexico during World War Two differed from the typical exile experience of German-speaking Communists. The latter identified as political exiles, ...
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The case of modern architect Hannes Meyer’s stay in Mexico during World War Two differed from the typical exile experience of German-speaking Communists. The latter identified as political exiles, engaged in Mexico to promote the Soviet Union only to immediately return to Europe after 1945. The Communist Meyer moved amidst this exile community, yet as a professional and artist developed closer ties to Mexican colleagues and institutions, and as a (German-speaking) Swiss preferred to associate with Italian Communists. Facing a precarious existence abroad, exiles like Meyer engaged in trying efforts to make community, all amidst the intensive committments and conflicts marked by the ideological fervor of the age.Less
The case of modern architect Hannes Meyer’s stay in Mexico during World War Two differed from the typical exile experience of German-speaking Communists. The latter identified as political exiles, engaged in Mexico to promote the Soviet Union only to immediately return to Europe after 1945. The Communist Meyer moved amidst this exile community, yet as a professional and artist developed closer ties to Mexican colleagues and institutions, and as a (German-speaking) Swiss preferred to associate with Italian Communists. Facing a precarious existence abroad, exiles like Meyer engaged in trying efforts to make community, all amidst the intensive committments and conflicts marked by the ideological fervor of the age.
Peter M. R. Stirk
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748622900
- eISBN:
- 9780748652730
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748622900.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Exile was a European-wide phenomenon, but Germans and Austrians accounted for about two-thirds of those who left Europe for America. Some fell within the grip of National Socialism or its allies for ...
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Exile was a European-wide phenomenon, but Germans and Austrians accounted for about two-thirds of those who left Europe for America. Some fell within the grip of National Socialism or its allies for a second time, and some did not survive. Others found refuge in the handful of countries that managed to remain neutral throughout the war, such as Switzerland or England. Exile meant being deprived of German citizenship and, for German Jews, being exposed to the anti-semitic prejudices of the police and immigration officials across Europe and in the new world. The road to the heterogeneous coalition that finally defeated Germany was a long and tortuous one. Appeasement, American isolationism, the alliance between Germany and the Soviet Union and the subsequent German invasion of the Soviet Union formed the backcloth for an interpretation of the international order as one governed by suspicion and uncertainty.Less
Exile was a European-wide phenomenon, but Germans and Austrians accounted for about two-thirds of those who left Europe for America. Some fell within the grip of National Socialism or its allies for a second time, and some did not survive. Others found refuge in the handful of countries that managed to remain neutral throughout the war, such as Switzerland or England. Exile meant being deprived of German citizenship and, for German Jews, being exposed to the anti-semitic prejudices of the police and immigration officials across Europe and in the new world. The road to the heterogeneous coalition that finally defeated Germany was a long and tortuous one. Appeasement, American isolationism, the alliance between Germany and the Soviet Union and the subsequent German invasion of the Soviet Union formed the backcloth for an interpretation of the international order as one governed by suspicion and uncertainty.
E. Randol Schoenberg (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780520296824
- eISBN:
- 9780520969155
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520296824.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Theory, Analysis, Composition
Arnold Schoenberg and Thomas Mann, two towering figures of twentieth-century music and literature, both found refuge in the German-exile community in Los Angeles during the Nazi era. This complete ...
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Arnold Schoenberg and Thomas Mann, two towering figures of twentieth-century music and literature, both found refuge in the German-exile community in Los Angeles during the Nazi era. This complete edition of their correspondence provides a glimpse inside their private and public lives and culminates in the famous dispute over Mann's novel Doctor Faustus. In the thick of the controversy was Theodor Adorno, then a budding philosopher, whose contribution to the Faustus affair would make him an enemy of both families. Gathered here for the first time in English, the letters are complemented by diary entries, related articles, and other primary source materials, as well as an introduction that contextualizes the impact that these two great artists had on twentieth-century thought and culture.Less
Arnold Schoenberg and Thomas Mann, two towering figures of twentieth-century music and literature, both found refuge in the German-exile community in Los Angeles during the Nazi era. This complete edition of their correspondence provides a glimpse inside their private and public lives and culminates in the famous dispute over Mann's novel Doctor Faustus. In the thick of the controversy was Theodor Adorno, then a budding philosopher, whose contribution to the Faustus affair would make him an enemy of both families. Gathered here for the first time in English, the letters are complemented by diary entries, related articles, and other primary source materials, as well as an introduction that contextualizes the impact that these two great artists had on twentieth-century thought and culture.
L. W. B. Brockliss
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199243563
- eISBN:
- 9780191778698
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199243563.003.0017
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The chapter looks at Oxford’s slow emergence as a centre for research. Even by 1940 the number of postgraduates was still very small. Most Oxford dons, too, always saw themselves as teachers rather ...
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The chapter looks at Oxford’s slow emergence as a centre for research. Even by 1940 the number of postgraduates was still very small. Most Oxford dons, too, always saw themselves as teachers rather than researchers, though, from the 1880s, the University’s growing numbers of professors and readers were expected to undertake research. Before 1914, the most original work was done in the arts and the humanities. Cambridge was the science university. Between the wars, however, Oxford science and medicine came into its own with the appointment of a number of first-class researchers from other universities. Its contribution to physics in particular was strengthened by the arrival, in the 1930s, of a number of German exiles who were specialists in low-temperature physics, while another exile, Chain, played a crucial part at the beginning of the Second World War in the development of penicillin.Less
The chapter looks at Oxford’s slow emergence as a centre for research. Even by 1940 the number of postgraduates was still very small. Most Oxford dons, too, always saw themselves as teachers rather than researchers, though, from the 1880s, the University’s growing numbers of professors and readers were expected to undertake research. Before 1914, the most original work was done in the arts and the humanities. Cambridge was the science university. Between the wars, however, Oxford science and medicine came into its own with the appointment of a number of first-class researchers from other universities. Its contribution to physics in particular was strengthened by the arrival, in the 1930s, of a number of German exiles who were specialists in low-temperature physics, while another exile, Chain, played a crucial part at the beginning of the Second World War in the development of penicillin.
Charmian Brinson and Richard Dove
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090790
- eISBN:
- 9781781707357
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090790.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the ...
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A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the 1930s and 1940s. When Hitler took power in 1933, the Nazis began a reign of terror against their political opponents: communists, socialists, pacifists and liberals, many of whom were forced to flee Germany. Some of these ‘political’ refugees came to Britain, where MI5 kept them under close surveillance. This study is based on the personal and organisational files that MI5 kept on them during the 1930s and 1940s – or at least those that have been released to the National Archives – making it equally a study of the political refugees themselves. Although this surveillance exercise formed an important part of MI5's work during that period, it is a part which it seems to have disowned or at any rate forgotten: the recent official history of MI5 does not even mention it, nor do its ‘unofficial’ counterparts. This study therefore fills a considerable gap in historical research. It traces the development of MI5 surveillance of German-speaking refugees through the case files of some of its individual targets and of the main refugee organisations; it also considers the refugees’ British supporters and the refugee informants who spied on fellow-refugees, as well as MI5's tussles with the Home Office and other official bodies. Finally, it assesses how successful – or how useful – this hidden surveillance exercise actually was.Less
A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the 1930s and 1940s. When Hitler took power in 1933, the Nazis began a reign of terror against their political opponents: communists, socialists, pacifists and liberals, many of whom were forced to flee Germany. Some of these ‘political’ refugees came to Britain, where MI5 kept them under close surveillance. This study is based on the personal and organisational files that MI5 kept on them during the 1930s and 1940s – or at least those that have been released to the National Archives – making it equally a study of the political refugees themselves. Although this surveillance exercise formed an important part of MI5's work during that period, it is a part which it seems to have disowned or at any rate forgotten: the recent official history of MI5 does not even mention it, nor do its ‘unofficial’ counterparts. This study therefore fills a considerable gap in historical research. It traces the development of MI5 surveillance of German-speaking refugees through the case files of some of its individual targets and of the main refugee organisations; it also considers the refugees’ British supporters and the refugee informants who spied on fellow-refugees, as well as MI5's tussles with the Home Office and other official bodies. Finally, it assesses how successful – or how useful – this hidden surveillance exercise actually was.
