J. P. DAUGHTON
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195305302
- eISBN:
- 9780199866991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305302.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter begins by describing the archives of French colonialism as being filled with stories of disagreement, conflict, and reconciliation like the exchanges between Monsieur Julia and Père ...
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This chapter begins by describing the archives of French colonialism as being filled with stories of disagreement, conflict, and reconciliation like the exchanges between Monsieur Julia and Père Delmont. It then notes that this book tells the story of how French people with markedly different backgrounds, moral codes, and political perspectives shaped colonial and national politics between 1880 and 1914, the most intense period of colonial expansion in French history. It argues that missionaries are essential to understand republican attitudes toward colonialism. It adds that the criticisms and condemnations that shaped much of the interaction between missionaries and their detractors are essential to understand the formation of colonial policies. It discusses that the main impetus for developing republican civilizing programs was neither a purely liberal ideological nor a “humanitarian” one.Less
This chapter begins by describing the archives of French colonialism as being filled with stories of disagreement, conflict, and reconciliation like the exchanges between Monsieur Julia and Père Delmont. It then notes that this book tells the story of how French people with markedly different backgrounds, moral codes, and political perspectives shaped colonial and national politics between 1880 and 1914, the most intense period of colonial expansion in French history. It argues that missionaries are essential to understand republican attitudes toward colonialism. It adds that the criticisms and condemnations that shaped much of the interaction between missionaries and their detractors are essential to understand the formation of colonial policies. It discusses that the main impetus for developing republican civilizing programs was neither a purely liberal ideological nor a “humanitarian” one.
Jennifer M. Dueck
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264478
- eISBN:
- 9780191734779
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264478.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This volume asks fundamental questions about the political impact of cultural institutions by exploring the power struggles for control over such institutions in Syria and Lebanon under French ...
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This volume asks fundamental questions about the political impact of cultural institutions by exploring the power struggles for control over such institutions in Syria and Lebanon under French Mandate rule. Countering assertions of French imperial cultural ascendancy and self-confidence, the book demonstrates the diverse capacities of Arab and other local communities, to forge competing cultural identities that would, in later years, form the basis for rising political self-enfranchisement. Drawing on a wide array of written sources and oral testimonies, the book illuminates how political and religious leaders fought to harness the force of culture through projects as diverse as schools, cinema, scouting, and tourism. These leaders were to be found not only in the French colonial administration or the burgeoning Syrian and Lebanese parliaments, but also in student societies, missionary congregations, and philanthropic organizations. The book pays particular attention to the last decade of French rule before Syrian and Lebanese independence as a critical time of transition and debate. The rich individual histories of institutions such as the American University of Beirut, the secular French Mission laïque, or the Jesuit missionaries come together in a broader narrative that speaks to the ongoing Syrian and Lebanese journeys toward national identity.Less
This volume asks fundamental questions about the political impact of cultural institutions by exploring the power struggles for control over such institutions in Syria and Lebanon under French Mandate rule. Countering assertions of French imperial cultural ascendancy and self-confidence, the book demonstrates the diverse capacities of Arab and other local communities, to forge competing cultural identities that would, in later years, form the basis for rising political self-enfranchisement. Drawing on a wide array of written sources and oral testimonies, the book illuminates how political and religious leaders fought to harness the force of culture through projects as diverse as schools, cinema, scouting, and tourism. These leaders were to be found not only in the French colonial administration or the burgeoning Syrian and Lebanese parliaments, but also in student societies, missionary congregations, and philanthropic organizations. The book pays particular attention to the last decade of French rule before Syrian and Lebanese independence as a critical time of transition and debate. The rich individual histories of institutions such as the American University of Beirut, the secular French Mission laïque, or the Jesuit missionaries come together in a broader narrative that speaks to the ongoing Syrian and Lebanese journeys toward national identity.
Kathryn C. Lavelle
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195174090
- eISBN:
- 9780199835287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195174097.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter explores the origins of global equity markets that in fact have deep historical roots. Stocks were created to finance trade and expansion overseas as part of the European imperial ...
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This chapter explores the origins of global equity markets that in fact have deep historical roots. Stocks were created to finance trade and expansion overseas as part of the European imperial project, yet prior to the imposition of direct rule. Later, equity finance in the industrial era brought together large amounts of capital to finance industrial projects overseas such as railroads, electric projects and water projects. The structure of global equity markets mirrored the structure of the markets within the colonial metropole; hence the chapter emphasizes the role ofand linkages with British, French, and Dutch colonial rule.Less
This chapter explores the origins of global equity markets that in fact have deep historical roots. Stocks were created to finance trade and expansion overseas as part of the European imperial project, yet prior to the imposition of direct rule. Later, equity finance in the industrial era brought together large amounts of capital to finance industrial projects overseas such as railroads, electric projects and water projects. The structure of global equity markets mirrored the structure of the markets within the colonial metropole; hence the chapter emphasizes the role ofand linkages with British, French, and Dutch colonial rule.
Benjamin Claude Brower
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199755042
- eISBN:
- 9780199950508
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199755042.003.0011
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter examines claims of just war and jihad during the first decades of France’s colonial expansion in Algeria. These include the discourses that announced the arrival of France’s army in the ...
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This chapter examines claims of just war and jihad during the first decades of France’s colonial expansion in Algeria. These include the discourses that announced the arrival of France’s army in the summer of 1830 and subsequent French justifications for quelling the Algerian resistance. On the Algerian side, an openly defiant subaltern discourse developed, deploying Enlightenment ideals to challenge France’s claims of moral superiority and modernity. Other discourses looked to Islamic traditions of jihad, the most prominent exponent of which was the amir ‘Abd al-Qadir.Less
This chapter examines claims of just war and jihad during the first decades of France’s colonial expansion in Algeria. These include the discourses that announced the arrival of France’s army in the summer of 1830 and subsequent French justifications for quelling the Algerian resistance. On the Algerian side, an openly defiant subaltern discourse developed, deploying Enlightenment ideals to challenge France’s claims of moral superiority and modernity. Other discourses looked to Islamic traditions of jihad, the most prominent exponent of which was the amir ‘Abd al-Qadir.
Kathleen C. Riley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195324983
- eISBN:
- 9780199869398
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195324983.003.0004
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
After a century and a half of French colonial rule, most adults in the Marquesan archipelago of French Polynesia now use both their Eastern Polynesian language 'Enana as well as a local variety of ...
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After a century and a half of French colonial rule, most adults in the Marquesan archipelago of French Polynesia now use both their Eastern Polynesian language 'Enana as well as a local variety of French, code-switching between them—sometimes intrasententially—across genres and contexts. This chapter explores the contradictions and effects of both official discourses and everyday socializing interactions in such a context of shifting languages. In particular, language socialization data from two families at two time periods a decade apart evidences the ways in which 'Enana are rejecting in practice the diglossic separation of their two codes, producing and reproducing instead the officially lamented but covertly prestigious charabia/sarapia to index their identities as both French and Polynesian.Less
After a century and a half of French colonial rule, most adults in the Marquesan archipelago of French Polynesia now use both their Eastern Polynesian language 'Enana as well as a local variety of French, code-switching between them—sometimes intrasententially—across genres and contexts. This chapter explores the contradictions and effects of both official discourses and everyday socializing interactions in such a context of shifting languages. In particular, language socialization data from two families at two time periods a decade apart evidences the ways in which 'Enana are rejecting in practice the diglossic separation of their two codes, producing and reproducing instead the officially lamented but covertly prestigious charabia/sarapia to index their identities as both French and Polynesian.
Benjamin F. Soares
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748622856
- eISBN:
- 9780748670635
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748622856.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter discusses the history of Nioro du Sahel in Mali as a socio-political and religious space in the aftermath of the French colonial conquest, the development of colonial policies toward ...
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This chapter discusses the history of Nioro du Sahel in Mali as a socio-political and religious space in the aftermath of the French colonial conquest, the development of colonial policies toward Islam and Muslims (‘la politique musulmane’), and some of the major political economic changes associated with colonial rule. Changes in understandings of Islam and its practices in this setting can only be understood in relation to some of the complex social transformations that began under colonial rule and have continued in the postcolonial period.Less
This chapter discusses the history of Nioro du Sahel in Mali as a socio-political and religious space in the aftermath of the French colonial conquest, the development of colonial policies toward Islam and Muslims (‘la politique musulmane’), and some of the major political economic changes associated with colonial rule. Changes in understandings of Islam and its practices in this setting can only be understood in relation to some of the complex social transformations that began under colonial rule and have continued in the postcolonial period.
Neil L. Jamieson
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520201576
- eISBN:
- 9780520916586
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520201576.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter focuses on the emergence of two competing models for rebuilding Vietnam after the end of French colonialism. There were two groups who sought to take advantage of French weakness during ...
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This chapter focuses on the emergence of two competing models for rebuilding Vietnam after the end of French colonialism. There were two groups who sought to take advantage of French weakness during World War 2 and take the political leadership of Vietnam. One group was led by Nguyen Tuong Tam, who organized a minor political party called Restoration of Vietnam in March 1969, which was later called the Greater Vietnam People's Rule party. The other was Ho Chi Minh, who returned to Vietnam to resume active command of the Indochinese Communist Party. The chapter discusses the conflicts between these two groups.Less
This chapter focuses on the emergence of two competing models for rebuilding Vietnam after the end of French colonialism. There were two groups who sought to take advantage of French weakness during World War 2 and take the political leadership of Vietnam. One group was led by Nguyen Tuong Tam, who organized a minor political party called Restoration of Vietnam in March 1969, which was later called the Greater Vietnam People's Rule party. The other was Ho Chi Minh, who returned to Vietnam to resume active command of the Indochinese Communist Party. The chapter discusses the conflicts between these two groups.
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853236597
- eISBN:
- 9781846312625
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780853236597.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter first traces the development of autobiography in the Western literary tradition in order to contextualise more fully the issue of writers whose origins lie outside this tradition, or who ...
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This chapter first traces the development of autobiography in the Western literary tradition in order to contextualise more fully the issue of writers whose origins lie outside this tradition, or who at least occupy, more or less uncomfortably, a space between two or more cultures. It then turns to the question of the effects of French colonialism.Less
This chapter first traces the development of autobiography in the Western literary tradition in order to contextualise more fully the issue of writers whose origins lie outside this tradition, or who at least occupy, more or less uncomfortably, a space between two or more cultures. It then turns to the question of the effects of French colonialism.
Diana K. Davis
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199768677
- eISBN:
- 9780199979608
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199768677.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
As the French conquered North Africa, they fabricated a tale of environmental change that held local North African populations, especially nomads, responsible for ruining what was widely believed in ...
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As the French conquered North Africa, they fabricated a tale of environmental change that held local North African populations, especially nomads, responsible for ruining what was widely believed in Europe to have been a lush, fertile, and forested environment in the classical past, before the “Arab invasions” of the eleventh century. While far from accurate, this French colonial environmental history served—beginning in 1830s Algeria—to undermine the lifeways of indigenous populations: justifying the expropriation of their land and property, alienating tribal forests to the French state, and sedentarizing nomads in the name of environmental protection. One of the most enduring symbols of this transformation may be found in the multiple national parks and nature reserves created by the French in Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco. Developed ostensibly to protect nature and provide areas for scientific study, in practice, parks were built primarily to generate tourism revenue while serving to further monitor and control “problematic populations.” This chapter explores the history of these national parks and the complex, frequently negative effects they had and continue to have on local populations and the environment.Less
As the French conquered North Africa, they fabricated a tale of environmental change that held local North African populations, especially nomads, responsible for ruining what was widely believed in Europe to have been a lush, fertile, and forested environment in the classical past, before the “Arab invasions” of the eleventh century. While far from accurate, this French colonial environmental history served—beginning in 1830s Algeria—to undermine the lifeways of indigenous populations: justifying the expropriation of their land and property, alienating tribal forests to the French state, and sedentarizing nomads in the name of environmental protection. One of the most enduring symbols of this transformation may be found in the multiple national parks and nature reserves created by the French in Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco. Developed ostensibly to protect nature and provide areas for scientific study, in practice, parks were built primarily to generate tourism revenue while serving to further monitor and control “problematic populations.” This chapter explores the history of these national parks and the complex, frequently negative effects they had and continue to have on local populations and the environment.
Sarró Ramon
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748635153
- eISBN:
- 9780748653003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748635153.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter examines several political developments that occurred among Baga, and especially among Baga Sitem, under French rule, focusing on the despotism of chiefs and the reification of customs ...
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This chapter examines several political developments that occurred among Baga, and especially among Baga Sitem, under French rule, focusing on the despotism of chiefs and the reification of customs as the main oppressions that Baga suffered, as these are the two factors most likely to be mentioned by Baga elders today. In the last analysis, both of these factors were manipulated by the French. Yet Baga villagers were never really interested in getting rid of the French. What oppressed them was less the French than their own chiefs and customs. Chieftaincies and customs were institutional ‘shields’ that absorbed the shocks from the discontented population, leaving the European colonisers reasonably well protected. This is why it was not the French that the people wanted to get rid of, but rather those Baga cultural elements which they felt to be so oppressive.Less
This chapter examines several political developments that occurred among Baga, and especially among Baga Sitem, under French rule, focusing on the despotism of chiefs and the reification of customs as the main oppressions that Baga suffered, as these are the two factors most likely to be mentioned by Baga elders today. In the last analysis, both of these factors were manipulated by the French. Yet Baga villagers were never really interested in getting rid of the French. What oppressed them was less the French than their own chiefs and customs. Chieftaincies and customs were institutional ‘shields’ that absorbed the shocks from the discontented population, leaving the European colonisers reasonably well protected. This is why it was not the French that the people wanted to get rid of, but rather those Baga cultural elements which they felt to be so oppressive.
Elizabeth A. Foster
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783804
- eISBN:
- 9780804786225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783804.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
The introduction situates the book in the broader historiography of French empire and missionary studies. It introduces the key French and African actors and power brokers in colonial Senegal and ...
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The introduction situates the book in the broader historiography of French empire and missionary studies. It introduces the key French and African actors and power brokers in colonial Senegal and explains the structure of French colonial rule in the colony. It emphasizes the importance of local power dynamics on the ground, rather than metropolitan ideology or high level colonial policy in the establishment and governance of empire.Less
The introduction situates the book in the broader historiography of French empire and missionary studies. It introduces the key French and African actors and power brokers in colonial Senegal and explains the structure of French colonial rule in the colony. It emphasizes the importance of local power dynamics on the ground, rather than metropolitan ideology or high level colonial policy in the establishment and governance of empire.
John Clifford Holt
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824833275
- eISBN:
- 9780824869991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824833275.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Buddhism
This chapter considers the impact that accompanied Thai, French, and then American interventions in terms of transformations of the religious culture beginning in the early decades of nineteenth ...
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This chapter considers the impact that accompanied Thai, French, and then American interventions in terms of transformations of the religious culture beginning in the early decades of nineteenth century through the end of the Second Indochina War in 1975. The colonial presence of the French, replete with alternative ideological conceptions of “nation” and “religion,” influenced some Lao religious sensibilities. Meanwhile, America's military intrusions into Laos, ostensibly in response to North Vietnamese incursions, contributed to a radical destabilization of the county that exacerbated deep political divisions within the Lao metropole. At the same time, it fostered a process of alienation within some of the highland “ethnic minority” communities of Laos, a process that had begun initially during the period of French colonialism.Less
This chapter considers the impact that accompanied Thai, French, and then American interventions in terms of transformations of the religious culture beginning in the early decades of nineteenth century through the end of the Second Indochina War in 1975. The colonial presence of the French, replete with alternative ideological conceptions of “nation” and “religion,” influenced some Lao religious sensibilities. Meanwhile, America's military intrusions into Laos, ostensibly in response to North Vietnamese incursions, contributed to a radical destabilization of the county that exacerbated deep political divisions within the Lao metropole. At the same time, it fostered a process of alienation within some of the highland “ethnic minority” communities of Laos, a process that had begun initially during the period of French colonialism.
Benjamin F. Soares
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748622856
- eISBN:
- 9780748670635
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748622856.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter presents an overview of the social history of the Hamawiyya, one of the two main Sufi orders that are the dominant institutional forms through which Islam has been practiced in the ...
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This chapter presents an overview of the social history of the Hamawiyya, one of the two main Sufi orders that are the dominant institutional forms through which Islam has been practiced in the region for more than a century. It traces the emergence of the Hamawiyya under French colonialism, the appeal of and opposition to Shaykh Hamallah, his persecution, and the repression of his followers. By looking at the Sufi order in the postcolonial period, it focuses on what is called an economy of martyrdom around a religious community that largely defines itself in relation to its absent leader and in opposition to other Muslims.Less
This chapter presents an overview of the social history of the Hamawiyya, one of the two main Sufi orders that are the dominant institutional forms through which Islam has been practiced in the region for more than a century. It traces the emergence of the Hamawiyya under French colonialism, the appeal of and opposition to Shaykh Hamallah, his persecution, and the repression of his followers. By looking at the Sufi order in the postcolonial period, it focuses on what is called an economy of martyrdom around a religious community that largely defines itself in relation to its absent leader and in opposition to other Muslims.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090554
- eISBN:
- 9781781707913
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090554.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This introductory chapter presents the ways in which modern urban design has been aligned to power. By assessing the relationship between colonialism and modern planning through the varieties of ...
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This introductory chapter presents the ways in which modern urban design has been aligned to power. By assessing the relationship between colonialism and modern planning through the varieties of garden city, it expands on the multilateral channels for the transmission of these particular planning modes. As exemplified, the transmission process has never been a uni-directional, clear and simple radiation of ideas from a European ‘centre’ to a Near Eastern or African ‘periphery’. Diffusive, dynamic and contested aspects of this process were thus highlighted, including those involving indigenous agencies. Amongst the main questions are: who imported the planning models to the selected colonial urban areas? Why certain models were selected rather than others at a given moment? And how exactly these models were translated and for whom? By putting the ‘periphery’ at the ‘centre’ of the discussion, our aim is not to ‘provincialise Europe’, but to recognise the difference between metropolitan planning culture and its colonial counterpart through the common thread of the garden city. A broad historiographic analysis is offered, as well as a background on the relevant colonial contexts in French and British Africa and Ottoman and Mandate Palestine, viewing the ‘transnational’ aspect.Less
This introductory chapter presents the ways in which modern urban design has been aligned to power. By assessing the relationship between colonialism and modern planning through the varieties of garden city, it expands on the multilateral channels for the transmission of these particular planning modes. As exemplified, the transmission process has never been a uni-directional, clear and simple radiation of ideas from a European ‘centre’ to a Near Eastern or African ‘periphery’. Diffusive, dynamic and contested aspects of this process were thus highlighted, including those involving indigenous agencies. Amongst the main questions are: who imported the planning models to the selected colonial urban areas? Why certain models were selected rather than others at a given moment? And how exactly these models were translated and for whom? By putting the ‘periphery’ at the ‘centre’ of the discussion, our aim is not to ‘provincialise Europe’, but to recognise the difference between metropolitan planning culture and its colonial counterpart through the common thread of the garden city. A broad historiographic analysis is offered, as well as a background on the relevant colonial contexts in French and British Africa and Ottoman and Mandate Palestine, viewing the ‘transnational’ aspect.
Paul K. MacDonald and Joseph M. Parent
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501717093
- eISBN:
- 9781501717109
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501717093.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
This chapter showcases how French decision-makers adapted to a fall in rank by decreasing foreign policy costs to overhaul domestic institutions and that leaders that strayed into adventurism abroad ...
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This chapter showcases how French decision-makers adapted to a fall in rank by decreasing foreign policy costs to overhaul domestic institutions and that leaders that strayed into adventurism abroad suffered negative feedback. The culmination of this process was the cementing of the Franco-Russian alliance.Less
This chapter showcases how French decision-makers adapted to a fall in rank by decreasing foreign policy costs to overhaul domestic institutions and that leaders that strayed into adventurism abroad suffered negative feedback. The culmination of this process was the cementing of the Franco-Russian alliance.
Laurent Dubreuil
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450563
- eISBN:
- 9780801467516
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450563.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
The relationship between power and language has been a central theme in critical theory for decades now, yet there is still much to be learned about the sheer force of language in the world in which ...
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The relationship between power and language has been a central theme in critical theory for decades now, yet there is still much to be learned about the sheer force of language in the world in which we live. This book explores the power-language phenomenon in the context of European and, particularly, French colonialism and its aftermath. Through readings of the colonial experience, it isolates a phraseology based on possession, in terms of both appropriation and haunting, that has persisted throughout the centuries. Not only is this phraseology a legacy of the past, it is still active today, especially in literary renderings of the colonial experience—but also, and more paradoxically, in anticolonial discourse. This phrase shaped the teaching of European languages in the (former) empires, and it tried to configure the usage of those idioms by the “Indigenes.” Then, scholarly disciplines have to completely reconsider their discursive strategies about the colonial, if, at least, they attempt to speak up. The book examines diverse texts, from political speeches, legal documents, and colonial treatises to anthropological essays, poems of the Négritude, and contemporary rap, ever attuned to the linguistic strategies that undergird colonial power. Equally conversant in both postcolonial criticism and poststructuralist scholarship on language, but also deeply grounded in the sociohistorical context of the colonies, the book sets forth the conditions for an authentically postcolonial scholarship, one that acknowledges the difficulty of getting beyond a colonialism—and still maintains the need for an afterward.Less
The relationship between power and language has been a central theme in critical theory for decades now, yet there is still much to be learned about the sheer force of language in the world in which we live. This book explores the power-language phenomenon in the context of European and, particularly, French colonialism and its aftermath. Through readings of the colonial experience, it isolates a phraseology based on possession, in terms of both appropriation and haunting, that has persisted throughout the centuries. Not only is this phraseology a legacy of the past, it is still active today, especially in literary renderings of the colonial experience—but also, and more paradoxically, in anticolonial discourse. This phrase shaped the teaching of European languages in the (former) empires, and it tried to configure the usage of those idioms by the “Indigenes.” Then, scholarly disciplines have to completely reconsider their discursive strategies about the colonial, if, at least, they attempt to speak up. The book examines diverse texts, from political speeches, legal documents, and colonial treatises to anthropological essays, poems of the Négritude, and contemporary rap, ever attuned to the linguistic strategies that undergird colonial power. Equally conversant in both postcolonial criticism and poststructuralist scholarship on language, but also deeply grounded in the sociohistorical context of the colonies, the book sets forth the conditions for an authentically postcolonial scholarship, one that acknowledges the difficulty of getting beyond a colonialism—and still maintains the need for an afterward.
Annette Miae Kim
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226119229
- eISBN:
- 9780226119366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226119366.003.0002
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Urban Geography
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s history shows us how sidewalk practices have regularly not followed the plan and are not dictated by the built environment. Present-day HCMC started as two distinctly ...
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Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s history shows us how sidewalk practices have regularly not followed the plan and are not dictated by the built environment. Present-day HCMC started as two distinctly separate towns 300 years ago: Saigon, the headquarters of the French colony Indochine, and Cholon, the larger and thriving Chinese diaspora trading port town. The city has gone through a remarkable succession of political and economic regime changes, particularly in the last 70 years: colonial, post-colonial nationalist, communist, and market transition. Historic photographs and accounts reveal that sidewalk space has always been a recreational and street vending space and not solely a transportation corridor despite the urban planning regulations of various regimes. Its urban history also shows that HCMC has been a city of immigrants from its inception, an unspoken narrative. Furthermore, the fact that both the Haussman-esque boulevards in Saigon and the narrow feng-shui sidewalk designs of Cholon host a vibrant sidewalk life counters behavioural determinism and colonial theory which presume physical space has strong power to control populations.Less
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s history shows us how sidewalk practices have regularly not followed the plan and are not dictated by the built environment. Present-day HCMC started as two distinctly separate towns 300 years ago: Saigon, the headquarters of the French colony Indochine, and Cholon, the larger and thriving Chinese diaspora trading port town. The city has gone through a remarkable succession of political and economic regime changes, particularly in the last 70 years: colonial, post-colonial nationalist, communist, and market transition. Historic photographs and accounts reveal that sidewalk space has always been a recreational and street vending space and not solely a transportation corridor despite the urban planning regulations of various regimes. Its urban history also shows that HCMC has been a city of immigrants from its inception, an unspoken narrative. Furthermore, the fact that both the Haussman-esque boulevards in Saigon and the narrow feng-shui sidewalk designs of Cholon host a vibrant sidewalk life counters behavioural determinism and colonial theory which presume physical space has strong power to control populations.
Brockman-Hawe Benjamin E.
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199671144
- eISBN:
- 9780191751516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199671144.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law, Legal History
This chapter examines a specific provision inserted into one of the two treaties that marked the end of hostilities between France and Siam in 1893 — a provision that stipulated the establishment of ...
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This chapter examines a specific provision inserted into one of the two treaties that marked the end of hostilities between France and Siam in 1893 — a provision that stipulated the establishment of a Mixed Court. The chapter is organized as follows. Section II discusses how such an unusual article came to be included in an otherwise typical colonial-era agreement. Sections III and IV describe the prosecutions before a Siamese Special Court and later before the Article III Franco-Siamese Mixed Court. Finally, Section V discusses the significance of the Mixed Court as an international criminal law phenomenon, including its role as a progenitor of contemporary international criminal law mechanisms and the substantive and procedural laws they apply.Less
This chapter examines a specific provision inserted into one of the two treaties that marked the end of hostilities between France and Siam in 1893 — a provision that stipulated the establishment of a Mixed Court. The chapter is organized as follows. Section II discusses how such an unusual article came to be included in an otherwise typical colonial-era agreement. Sections III and IV describe the prosecutions before a Siamese Special Court and later before the Article III Franco-Siamese Mixed Court. Finally, Section V discusses the significance of the Mixed Court as an international criminal law phenomenon, including its role as a progenitor of contemporary international criminal law mechanisms and the substantive and procedural laws they apply.
Hy V. Luong
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824833701
- eISBN:
- 9780824870447
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824833701.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter discusses Vietnamese anticolonial movements from 1884–1930. It argues that the anticolonial movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were not complete failures ...
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This chapter discusses Vietnamese anticolonial movements from 1884–1930. It argues that the anticolonial movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were not complete failures because they succeeded in creating and recreating resistance symbols and ideals for subsequent generations. The power of the symbols and myths of resistance can hardly be overestimated. In the village of Son-Duong, for example, one century after the defeat of the Aid-the-King movement, the tomb of the anticolonial guerrilla leader remained a village landmark. It was far from insignificant that his daughter continued his idealism with financial contributions to the anticolonial cause, both to the Yên-Báy uprising and the Marxist-led Vietminh movement, until the violent end of French colonialism in 1954. And no matter how shrouded in mystery were the circumstances of the April 1885 massacre in Son-Duong, it was no coincidence that the village mayor in 1930 and many following generations blamed the massacre on a foreign presence, that is, on Chinese troops.Less
This chapter discusses Vietnamese anticolonial movements from 1884–1930. It argues that the anticolonial movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were not complete failures because they succeeded in creating and recreating resistance symbols and ideals for subsequent generations. The power of the symbols and myths of resistance can hardly be overestimated. In the village of Son-Duong, for example, one century after the defeat of the Aid-the-King movement, the tomb of the anticolonial guerrilla leader remained a village landmark. It was far from insignificant that his daughter continued his idealism with financial contributions to the anticolonial cause, both to the Yên-Báy uprising and the Marxist-led Vietminh movement, until the violent end of French colonialism in 1954. And no matter how shrouded in mystery were the circumstances of the April 1885 massacre in Son-Duong, it was no coincidence that the village mayor in 1930 and many following generations blamed the massacre on a foreign presence, that is, on Chinese troops.
Valerie Anishchenkova
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780748643400
- eISBN:
- 9781474406321
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748643400.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
In the Arab world, postcolonial period brought about a large number of literary works preoccupied with constructing new national identities. Autobiographical writings are particularly important in ...
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In the Arab world, postcolonial period brought about a large number of literary works preoccupied with constructing new national identities. Autobiographical writings are particularly important in this context because they renegotiate the complex relationship between the individual, his community/nation, and the Western Other. Anticolonial and nationalist aspects of life-writing highlight new modes of cultural identity that emerged in the process of nation-building. Primary case studies in this chapter are Hanna Mina’s Fragments of Memory (1975) and Layla Abu Zayd’s Year of the Elephant (1984), produced in two culturally distinct locations of the Arab world: Syria and Morocco, respectively. Close textual analysis illustrates how different colonial histories and local cultural and religious discourses inform the construction of nationalist identities in different parts of the Arab world.Less
In the Arab world, postcolonial period brought about a large number of literary works preoccupied with constructing new national identities. Autobiographical writings are particularly important in this context because they renegotiate the complex relationship between the individual, his community/nation, and the Western Other. Anticolonial and nationalist aspects of life-writing highlight new modes of cultural identity that emerged in the process of nation-building. Primary case studies in this chapter are Hanna Mina’s Fragments of Memory (1975) and Layla Abu Zayd’s Year of the Elephant (1984), produced in two culturally distinct locations of the Arab world: Syria and Morocco, respectively. Close textual analysis illustrates how different colonial histories and local cultural and religious discourses inform the construction of nationalist identities in different parts of the Arab world.
