Mark A. Noll
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151114
- eISBN:
- 9780199834532
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151119.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
By 1790, American Christians also embraced the “new moral philosophy,” a way of understanding their faith through “commonsense moral reasoning.” Because they came to believe that God had created ...
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By 1790, American Christians also embraced the “new moral philosophy,” a way of understanding their faith through “commonsense moral reasoning.” Because they came to believe that God had created humans with a capacity for moral reasoning, American Christians largely gave up the traditional, hierarchical arbiters of truth found in the established churches of Europe and took into their own hands the determination of religious truth and control of the churches.Less
By 1790, American Christians also embraced the “new moral philosophy,” a way of understanding their faith through “commonsense moral reasoning.” Because they came to believe that God had created humans with a capacity for moral reasoning, American Christians largely gave up the traditional, hierarchical arbiters of truth found in the established churches of Europe and took into their own hands the determination of religious truth and control of the churches.
Andrew Stewart Skinner
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233343
- eISBN:
- 9780191678974
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233343.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
The second edition of this guide to Adam Smith's system of thought has been fully updated to reflect recent developments in Smith scholarship and the author's experience of teaching Smith to a ...
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The second edition of this guide to Adam Smith's system of thought has been fully updated to reflect recent developments in Smith scholarship and the author's experience of teaching Smith to a student audience. The material from the first edition has been extensively rewritten, and four new chapters have been added, covering Smith's essays on the exercise of human understanding, and his relationship to Francis Hutcheson, David Hume, and Sir James Steuart. The book places Smith's system of social, and moral, science firmly within the context of contemporary British and Continental intellectual history, dealing in particular detail with the founders of the Scottish Enlightenment and with the French Physiocrats. The essays explore Smith's own reception among his peers and successors. The chapters in this volume have been developed from a lecture course on ‘The Age and Ideas of Adam Smith’, taught to senior undergraduate and graduate students in political economy.Less
The second edition of this guide to Adam Smith's system of thought has been fully updated to reflect recent developments in Smith scholarship and the author's experience of teaching Smith to a student audience. The material from the first edition has been extensively rewritten, and four new chapters have been added, covering Smith's essays on the exercise of human understanding, and his relationship to Francis Hutcheson, David Hume, and Sir James Steuart. The book places Smith's system of social, and moral, science firmly within the context of contemporary British and Continental intellectual history, dealing in particular detail with the founders of the Scottish Enlightenment and with the French Physiocrats. The essays explore Smith's own reception among his peers and successors. The chapters in this volume have been developed from a lecture course on ‘The Age and Ideas of Adam Smith’, taught to senior undergraduate and graduate students in political economy.
James Moore
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199227044
- eISBN:
- 9780191739309
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199227044.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter examines Hutcheson’s ideas of rights and prudence in the context of debated issues of church government in early eighteenth-century Ireland and Scotland. He agreed with ministers in ...
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This chapter examines Hutcheson’s ideas of rights and prudence in the context of debated issues of church government in early eighteenth-century Ireland and Scotland. He agreed with ministers in northern Ireland who refused to subscribe to the Westminster Confession of Faith: he thought that every individual should enjoy the right of private judgement in matters of religious belief. And he argued in response to concerns expressed by his father, John Hutcheson, that determination of the form of church government must be left to human prudence. He endorsed an initiative within the Church of Scotland that ministers should be called by landed gentlemen or by magistrates, not by congregations who might call ministers who would insist on subscription to confessions and creeds. True religion could be best achieved by prudence and by respect for the right of private judgement.Less
This chapter examines Hutcheson’s ideas of rights and prudence in the context of debated issues of church government in early eighteenth-century Ireland and Scotland. He agreed with ministers in northern Ireland who refused to subscribe to the Westminster Confession of Faith: he thought that every individual should enjoy the right of private judgement in matters of religious belief. And he argued in response to concerns expressed by his father, John Hutcheson, that determination of the form of church government must be left to human prudence. He endorsed an initiative within the Church of Scotland that ministers should be called by landed gentlemen or by magistrates, not by congregations who might call ministers who would insist on subscription to confessions and creeds. True religion could be best achieved by prudence and by respect for the right of private judgement.
Michael L. Frazer
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390667
- eISBN:
- 9780199866687
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390667.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter consists of an overview of the work of the three British philosophers from the first half of the eighteenth century whose work most influenced the later sentimentalists: Francis ...
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This chapter consists of an overview of the work of the three British philosophers from the first half of the eighteenth century whose work most influenced the later sentimentalists: Francis Hutcheson, Bishop Joseph Butler, and Anthony Ashley Cooper, Third Earl of Shaftesbury. Although all three made important contributions to the argument that justice and virtue cannot be products of reason alone, this chapter considers these authors primarily insofar as they presented the problems which Hume, Smith, and Herder were left to work out in their own writings. The first of these challenges was the need for a free-standing sentimentalist ethics—that is, one which does not rely on religion or metaphysics to establish the normative authority of our moral sentiments. The second challenge is to explain how our moral sentiments can lead us to a sense of justice capable of being instantiated in law-governed political institutions.Less
This chapter consists of an overview of the work of the three British philosophers from the first half of the eighteenth century whose work most influenced the later sentimentalists: Francis Hutcheson, Bishop Joseph Butler, and Anthony Ashley Cooper, Third Earl of Shaftesbury. Although all three made important contributions to the argument that justice and virtue cannot be products of reason alone, this chapter considers these authors primarily insofar as they presented the problems which Hume, Smith, and Herder were left to work out in their own writings. The first of these challenges was the need for a free-standing sentimentalist ethics—that is, one which does not rely on religion or metaphysics to establish the normative authority of our moral sentiments. The second challenge is to explain how our moral sentiments can lead us to a sense of justice capable of being instantiated in law-governed political institutions.
Andrew Stewart Skinner
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233343
- eISBN:
- 9780191678974
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233343.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
Francis Hutcheson, Adam Smith, and David Hume should be of continuing interest to the student of political economy, not least because they did not see themselves as economists so much as philosophers ...
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Francis Hutcheson, Adam Smith, and David Hume should be of continuing interest to the student of political economy, not least because they did not see themselves as economists so much as philosophers who placed the study of economic phenomena in a broad social context. The basic task was to explain how it was that a creature endowed with both self and other-regarding propensities was fitted for the social state. It appears that social order as a basic precondition for economic activity depends in part upon a capacity for moral judgement. Furthermore, the psychological drives that explain economic activity must be seen in a context wider than the economic. This chapter examines Hutcheson's link to Samuel von Pufendorf in a manner that confirms a debt to the work of W. L. Taylor, as well as the role of subjective judgement as regards the determinants of value in the works of both men.Less
Francis Hutcheson, Adam Smith, and David Hume should be of continuing interest to the student of political economy, not least because they did not see themselves as economists so much as philosophers who placed the study of economic phenomena in a broad social context. The basic task was to explain how it was that a creature endowed with both self and other-regarding propensities was fitted for the social state. It appears that social order as a basic precondition for economic activity depends in part upon a capacity for moral judgement. Furthermore, the psychological drives that explain economic activity must be seen in a context wider than the economic. This chapter examines Hutcheson's link to Samuel von Pufendorf in a manner that confirms a debt to the work of W. L. Taylor, as well as the role of subjective judgement as regards the determinants of value in the works of both men.
Paul Russell
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195110333
- eISBN:
- 9780199872084
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195110333.003.0017
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
According to the irreligious interpretation, there are two key claims that Hume seeks to establish in the Treatise in respect of morality. The first is that Hume defends the “autonomy of morality” in ...
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According to the irreligious interpretation, there are two key claims that Hume seeks to establish in the Treatise in respect of morality. The first is that Hume defends the “autonomy of morality” in relation to religion. The foundations of moral and political life, he holds, rest with our human nature, not with the doctrines and dogmas of (Christian) religion. Closely connected with this issue, Hume also aims to show that “speculative atheism” does not imply “practical atheism” or any kind of “moral licentiousness.” Taken together, these two components of Hume's moral system constitute a defence and interpretation of “virtuous atheism.”Less
According to the irreligious interpretation, there are two key claims that Hume seeks to establish in the Treatise in respect of morality. The first is that Hume defends the “autonomy of morality” in relation to religion. The foundations of moral and political life, he holds, rest with our human nature, not with the doctrines and dogmas of (Christian) religion. Closely connected with this issue, Hume also aims to show that “speculative atheism” does not imply “practical atheism” or any kind of “moral licentiousness.” Taken together, these two components of Hume's moral system constitute a defence and interpretation of “virtuous atheism.”
Ruth Savage (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199227044
- eISBN:
- 9780191739309
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199227044.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
These studies explore themes and issues relating to religion, philosophy, and their interrelations, as they exercised British thinkers in the ‘long’ eighteenth century, while at the same time ...
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These studies explore themes and issues relating to religion, philosophy, and their interrelations, as they exercised British thinkers in the ‘long’ eighteenth century, while at the same time illustrating techniques of intellectual history in the early twenty-first century. They seek to further our understanding of the period when some of the most significant works in western philosophy were written, and of the influences that were then current, through fresh attention to primary sources. Some of the chapters are on individual persons or works, others on themes, but all demonstrate the breadth and diversity of philosophical thinking and its implications for reason and religious belief at a time of evolving theory and practice in science, politics, law, and theology. Influences to and from the Continent may also prove significant. The figures examined range from Locke and Hume to relatively little-known personalities who shed a different light on the intellectual environment of the time, such as Martin Clifford, Henry Scougal, Samuel Haliday, and Thomas Cooper. Others treated include John Toland, Bernard Mandeville, Francis Hutcheson, Joseph Butler, Henry Home (Lord Kames), Adam Smith, Joseph Priestley, Thomas Reid, and Dugald Stewart. New transcriptions of two pieces by Hume are included — a new letter illustrating his later attitude to politics, and his early essay on ethics and chivalry.Less
These studies explore themes and issues relating to religion, philosophy, and their interrelations, as they exercised British thinkers in the ‘long’ eighteenth century, while at the same time illustrating techniques of intellectual history in the early twenty-first century. They seek to further our understanding of the period when some of the most significant works in western philosophy were written, and of the influences that were then current, through fresh attention to primary sources. Some of the chapters are on individual persons or works, others on themes, but all demonstrate the breadth and diversity of philosophical thinking and its implications for reason and religious belief at a time of evolving theory and practice in science, politics, law, and theology. Influences to and from the Continent may also prove significant. The figures examined range from Locke and Hume to relatively little-known personalities who shed a different light on the intellectual environment of the time, such as Martin Clifford, Henry Scougal, Samuel Haliday, and Thomas Cooper. Others treated include John Toland, Bernard Mandeville, Francis Hutcheson, Joseph Butler, Henry Home (Lord Kames), Adam Smith, Joseph Priestley, Thomas Reid, and Dugald Stewart. New transcriptions of two pieces by Hume are included — a new letter illustrating his later attitude to politics, and his early essay on ethics and chivalry.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
I have tried to do two things in this book: first, to make an analytic study of Francis Hutcheson's Inquiry Concerning Beauty, Order, Harmony, and Design, in some detail and completeness; second, to ...
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I have tried to do two things in this book: first, to make an analytic study of Francis Hutcheson's Inquiry Concerning Beauty, Order, Harmony, and Design, in some detail and completeness; second, to trace the development in Britain of its leading idea, the sense of beauty, to its decline at the close of the eighteenth century.Less
I have tried to do two things in this book: first, to make an analytic study of Francis Hutcheson's Inquiry Concerning Beauty, Order, Harmony, and Design, in some detail and completeness; second, to trace the development in Britain of its leading idea, the sense of beauty, to its decline at the close of the eighteenth century.
Jon Parkin and Timothy Stanton (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265406
- eISBN:
- 9780191760457
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265406.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This book examines the relationship between natural law and toleration during the Early Enlightenment. Modern discussion of tolerationist theories during this period can suggest that such ideas were ...
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This book examines the relationship between natural law and toleration during the Early Enlightenment. Modern discussion of tolerationist theories during this period can suggest that such ideas were articulated in an essentially secular and individualist mode. In fact some of the most important discussions of toleration at this time emerged from writers who were committed to a more complex structure of assumption and belief in which natural law ideas were foundational. The consequences of this fact for theories of toleration have not (until now) been systematically investigated. This book provides new insights into the relationship between natural law and toleration in the work of Samuel Pufendorf, John Locke, Christian Thomasius, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Jean Barbeyrac, and Francis Hutcheson. Taken together the chapters uncover the diverse ways in which the distinctive natural law arguments helped to structure accounts of toleration that remain important for us today.Less
This book examines the relationship between natural law and toleration during the Early Enlightenment. Modern discussion of tolerationist theories during this period can suggest that such ideas were articulated in an essentially secular and individualist mode. In fact some of the most important discussions of toleration at this time emerged from writers who were committed to a more complex structure of assumption and belief in which natural law ideas were foundational. The consequences of this fact for theories of toleration have not (until now) been systematically investigated. This book provides new insights into the relationship between natural law and toleration in the work of Samuel Pufendorf, John Locke, Christian Thomasius, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Jean Barbeyrac, and Francis Hutcheson. Taken together the chapters uncover the diverse ways in which the distinctive natural law arguments helped to structure accounts of toleration that remain important for us today.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.003.0015
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Deals with the neglected topic of Hutcheson's philosophy of art, as opposed to his more talked about philosophy of beauty.
Deals with the neglected topic of Hutcheson's philosophy of art, as opposed to his more talked about philosophy of beauty.
Daniel Carey
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199560677
- eISBN:
- 9780191761300
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199560677.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter presents an account of the life and work of Francis Hutcheson. It charts his career from its beginnings in Dublin to the attempt to cement his place in British intellectual life that was ...
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This chapter presents an account of the life and work of Francis Hutcheson. It charts his career from its beginnings in Dublin to the attempt to cement his place in British intellectual life that was his posthumously published A System of Moral Philosophy. Hutcheson’s ideas were not universally welcomed and acclaimed. Religious conservatives constantly challenged him even after he was elected to the Glasgow chair of moral philosophy. The chapter describes the rationalist critique of Hutcheson’s moral sense theory, the criticism levelled at his conception of natural benevolence by those who remained attached to philosophical egoism, and the complaints of those who, under the influence often of Joseph Butler, believed that Hutcheson’s ethics needed to be supplemented by a more substantial account of moral obligation.Less
This chapter presents an account of the life and work of Francis Hutcheson. It charts his career from its beginnings in Dublin to the attempt to cement his place in British intellectual life that was his posthumously published A System of Moral Philosophy. Hutcheson’s ideas were not universally welcomed and acclaimed. Religious conservatives constantly challenged him even after he was elected to the Glasgow chair of moral philosophy. The chapter describes the rationalist critique of Hutcheson’s moral sense theory, the criticism levelled at his conception of natural benevolence by those who remained attached to philosophical egoism, and the complaints of those who, under the influence often of Joseph Butler, believed that Hutcheson’s ethics needed to be supplemented by a more substantial account of moral obligation.
Christopher Brooke
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691152080
- eISBN:
- 9781400842414
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691152080.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter views a series of philosophical exchanges in the eighteenth century, which showcases the back and forth between plausibly Stoic and Epicurean concerns and arguments. It first takes a ...
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This chapter views a series of philosophical exchanges in the eighteenth century, which showcases the back and forth between plausibly Stoic and Epicurean concerns and arguments. It first takes a look at François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon, the major opponent from within French Catholicism of the Augustinian tendency towards Epicureanism, before turning to Bernard Mandeville's critique of Shaftesbury. The chapter also studies the moral philosophies of Joseph Butler and Francis Hutcheson, both of whom directed their arguments against Mandeville and in defence of Shaftesbury. In addition, the chapter discusses a persuasive interpretation of David Hume as a somewhat Epicurean and certainly anti-Stoic moral theorist.Less
This chapter views a series of philosophical exchanges in the eighteenth century, which showcases the back and forth between plausibly Stoic and Epicurean concerns and arguments. It first takes a look at François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon, the major opponent from within French Catholicism of the Augustinian tendency towards Epicureanism, before turning to Bernard Mandeville's critique of Shaftesbury. The chapter also studies the moral philosophies of Joseph Butler and Francis Hutcheson, both of whom directed their arguments against Mandeville and in defence of Shaftesbury. In addition, the chapter discusses a persuasive interpretation of David Hume as a somewhat Epicurean and certainly anti-Stoic moral theorist.
James A. Harris
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199256525
- eISBN:
- 9780191719707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256525.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter provides a new way of understanding the places in Hume's Enquiry concerning Human Understanding where use is made of the language of Calvinist fideism: most notably, in Sections 8, 10, ...
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This chapter provides a new way of understanding the places in Hume's Enquiry concerning Human Understanding where use is made of the language of Calvinist fideism: most notably, in Sections 8, 10, and 12. Hume's deployment of such language, it is argued, needs to be seen in the context of the conflict within the Church of Scotland between the ‘orthodox’ and the ‘modernizers’. It was the modernizers such as Francis Hutcheson and William Leechman who had been instrumental in denying Hume the Edinburgh moral philosophy chair in 1745, and, as M. A. Stewart has argued, the first Enquiry is best seen as a response to that episode. In various ways it attacks the modernizers' way of combining natural religion with neo-Stoic ethics: Hume's use of the language of the ‘orthodox’ opponents of that strategy is one of those ways. It is pointed out that later on in the eighteenth century, some of the orthodox quote Hume's attacks on rational religion with approval. The chapter does not claim that Hume had any sympathy with the orthodox agenda. Rather, it is concerned with the complex rhetorical strategies used by Hume in his writings on religion.Less
This chapter provides a new way of understanding the places in Hume's Enquiry concerning Human Understanding where use is made of the language of Calvinist fideism: most notably, in Sections 8, 10, and 12. Hume's deployment of such language, it is argued, needs to be seen in the context of the conflict within the Church of Scotland between the ‘orthodox’ and the ‘modernizers’. It was the modernizers such as Francis Hutcheson and William Leechman who had been instrumental in denying Hume the Edinburgh moral philosophy chair in 1745, and, as M. A. Stewart has argued, the first Enquiry is best seen as a response to that episode. In various ways it attacks the modernizers' way of combining natural religion with neo-Stoic ethics: Hume's use of the language of the ‘orthodox’ opponents of that strategy is one of those ways. It is pointed out that later on in the eighteenth century, some of the orthodox quote Hume's attacks on rational religion with approval. The chapter does not claim that Hume had any sympathy with the orthodox agenda. Rather, it is concerned with the complex rhetorical strategies used by Hume in his writings on religion.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Deals with the proliferation of aesthetic categories, and its implications for Hutcheson's theory of the sense of beauty.
Deals with the proliferation of aesthetic categories, and its implications for Hutcheson's theory of the sense of beauty.
John P. Wright
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199227044
- eISBN:
- 9780191739309
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199227044.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
Recent work on dating Hume’s manuscripts by M. A. Stewart, with further evidence adduced here, establishes the likelihood that Hume’s manuscript ‘An historical essay on chivalry and modern honour’ ...
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Recent work on dating Hume’s manuscripts by M. A. Stewart, with further evidence adduced here, establishes the likelihood that Hume’s manuscript ‘An historical essay on chivalry and modern honour’ was written in 1732 or 1733. What can we learn from the chapter about the development of Hume’s ideas in ethics and religion at this time, six or seven years before the publication of his Treatise of human nature? Throughout the chapter Hume assumes Hutcheson’s theory that genuine virtue is natural, and that its perversion results from artifice. Both the chapter itself and Hume’s contemporary correspondence strongly suggest also, however, that he was beginning to be influenced by the sceptical philosophy of Bernard Mandeville which stresses the role of artifice in moral judgement. The overreaching principle developed in the early chapter appears to be applied also in Hume’s later writings on religion, where the scepticism of Mandeville and Bayle is explicit.Less
Recent work on dating Hume’s manuscripts by M. A. Stewart, with further evidence adduced here, establishes the likelihood that Hume’s manuscript ‘An historical essay on chivalry and modern honour’ was written in 1732 or 1733. What can we learn from the chapter about the development of Hume’s ideas in ethics and religion at this time, six or seven years before the publication of his Treatise of human nature? Throughout the chapter Hume assumes Hutcheson’s theory that genuine virtue is natural, and that its perversion results from artifice. Both the chapter itself and Hume’s contemporary correspondence strongly suggest also, however, that he was beginning to be influenced by the sceptical philosophy of Bernard Mandeville which stresses the role of artifice in moral judgement. The overreaching principle developed in the early chapter appears to be applied also in Hume’s later writings on religion, where the scepticism of Mandeville and Bayle is explicit.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
This chapter concerns what, following Locke, Hutcheson meant by the sense of beauty.
This chapter concerns what, following Locke, Hutcheson meant by the sense of beauty.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Deals with the question of what, according to Hutcheson, we assert when we say ‘X is beautiful’.
Deals with the question of what, according to Hutcheson, we assert when we say ‘X is beautiful’.
Alexander Broadie
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748616275
- eISBN:
- 9780748652471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748616275.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter considers three philosophers of the earliest years of the Scottish Enlightenment: Gershom Carmichael, George Turnbull and Francis Hutcheson. Carmichael, who is critical of many of Samuel ...
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This chapter considers three philosophers of the earliest years of the Scottish Enlightenment: Gershom Carmichael, George Turnbull and Francis Hutcheson. Carmichael, who is critical of many of Samuel Pufendorf's teachings, is for Pufendorf an important aspect of the cultivation of sociability, for the latter argues that the demand ‘that every man must cultivate and preserve sociability so far as he can’ is that to which all the duties are subordinate. The main lines of thinking in Turnbull's Principles of Moral Philosophy and Christian Philosophy are reviewed. Hutcheson wrote An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue, a work comprising two treatises, the first concerning beauty and the second concerning virtue. Hutcheson's Essay further emphasises the role of the study of morals as a means to the practice of morality.Less
This chapter considers three philosophers of the earliest years of the Scottish Enlightenment: Gershom Carmichael, George Turnbull and Francis Hutcheson. Carmichael, who is critical of many of Samuel Pufendorf's teachings, is for Pufendorf an important aspect of the cultivation of sociability, for the latter argues that the demand ‘that every man must cultivate and preserve sociability so far as he can’ is that to which all the duties are subordinate. The main lines of thinking in Turnbull's Principles of Moral Philosophy and Christian Philosophy are reviewed. Hutcheson wrote An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue, a work comprising two treatises, the first concerning beauty and the second concerning virtue. Hutcheson's Essay further emphasises the role of the study of morals as a means to the practice of morality.
Sarah M. S. Pearsall
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199256525
- eISBN:
- 9780191719707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256525.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter seeks to determine how conflict was reconciled within loving marriages in the 18th-century British-Atlantic world. It begins by considering changing social theory. Hume and Francis ...
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This chapter seeks to determine how conflict was reconciled within loving marriages in the 18th-century British-Atlantic world. It begins by considering changing social theory. Hume and Francis Hutcheson refined conclusions put forward by John Locke, and focused on marriage not as a government in which the husband ruled, but rather as a partnership of affection. Too little connection has been made between social theory from this period, most often discussed by philosophers and political scientists, and the experience of ordinary people, most often discussed by social and cultural historians. The chapter thus attempts to bridge that chasm and bring the two areas together. There are echoes of this new marriage paradigm in letters from Revolutionary-era marriages in which the couple was separated by the Atlantic. The wives, at odds with their husbands, attempted to achieve their ends by deploying what the chapter terms ‘the coercive language of affection’. The idiom of affection and shifting visions of ideal masculinity informed these correspondences. Ultimately, it is argued that roles for white women and men shifted under the influence of intellectual currents that antedated and transcended the American Revolution, most critically the Scottish Enlightenment.Less
This chapter seeks to determine how conflict was reconciled within loving marriages in the 18th-century British-Atlantic world. It begins by considering changing social theory. Hume and Francis Hutcheson refined conclusions put forward by John Locke, and focused on marriage not as a government in which the husband ruled, but rather as a partnership of affection. Too little connection has been made between social theory from this period, most often discussed by philosophers and political scientists, and the experience of ordinary people, most often discussed by social and cultural historians. The chapter thus attempts to bridge that chasm and bring the two areas together. There are echoes of this new marriage paradigm in letters from Revolutionary-era marriages in which the couple was separated by the Atlantic. The wives, at odds with their husbands, attempted to achieve their ends by deploying what the chapter terms ‘the coercive language of affection’. The idiom of affection and shifting visions of ideal masculinity informed these correspondences. Ultimately, it is argued that roles for white women and men shifted under the influence of intellectual currents that antedated and transcended the American Revolution, most critically the Scottish Enlightenment.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199260027
- eISBN:
- 9780191597855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260028.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Deals with how the perception of beauty was conceived of, what its ‘logic’ was, in the first fifty years of modern aesthetic theory, or, rather, how it evolved, from Joseph Addison to David Hume.
Deals with how the perception of beauty was conceived of, what its ‘logic’ was, in the first fifty years of modern aesthetic theory, or, rather, how it evolved, from Joseph Addison to David Hume.
