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This book deals with the existence of Fréchet derivatives of Lipschitz functions from X to Y, where X is an Asplund space and Y has the Radon-Nikodým property (RNP). It considers whether every countable collection of real-valued Lipschitz functions on an Asplund space has a common point of Fréchet differentiability. It also examines the conditions under which all Lipschitz mapping of X to finite dimensional spaces not only possess points of Fréchet differentiability, but possess so many of them that even the multidimensional mean value estimate holds. Other topics include the notion of the Radon-Nikodým property and main results on Gâteaux differentiability of Lipschitz functions and related notions of null sets; separable determination and variational principles; and differentiability of Lipschitz maps on Hilbert spaces.

This chapter shows that cone-monotone functions on Asplund spaces have points of Fréchet differentiability and that the appropriate version of the mean value estimates holds. It also proves that the corresponding point of Fréchet differentiability may be found outside any given σ‎-porous set. This new result considerably strengthens known Fréchet differentiability results for real-valued Lipschitz functions on such spaces. The avoidance of σ‎-porous sets is new even in the Lipschitz case. The chapter first discusses the use of variational principles to prove Fréchet differentiability before analyzing a one-dimensional mean value problem in relation to Lipschitz functions. It shows that results on existence of points of Fréchet differentiability may be generalized to derivatives other than the Fréchet derivative.

This chapter presents the current development of the first, unpublished proof of existence of points Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz mappings to two-dimensional spaces. For functions into higher dimensional spaces the method does not lead to a point of Gâteaux differentiability but constructs points of asymptotic Fréchet differentiability. The proof uses perturbations that are not additive, rather than the variational approach, but still provides (asymptotic) Fréchet derivatives in every slice of Gâteaux derivatives. However, it cannot be used to prove existence of points of Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz mappings of Hilbert spaces to three-dimensional spaces. The results are negative in the sense that an appropriate version of the multidimensional mean value estimate holds.

This chapter discusses Γ‎ₙ-nullness of sets porous “¹at infinity” and/or existence of many points of Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz maps into n-dimensional spaces. The results reveal a σ‎-porous set whose complement is null on all n-dimensional surfaces and the multidimensional mean value estimates fail even for ε‎-Fréchet derivatives. Previous chapters have established conditions on a Banach space X under which porous sets in X are Γ‎ₙ-null and/or the the multidimensional mean value estimates for Fréchet derivatives of Lipschitz maps into n-dimensional spaces hold. This chapter investigates in what sense the assumptions of these main results are close to being optimal.

This chapter treats results on ε‎-Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz functions in asymptotically smooth spaces. These results are highly exceptional in the sense that they prove almost Frechet differentiability in some situations when we know that the closed convex hull of all (even almost) Fréchet derivatives may be strictly smaller than the closed convex hull of the Gâteaux derivatives. The chapter first presents a simple proof of an almost differentiability result for Lipschitz functions in asymptotically uniformly smooth spaces before discussing the notion of asymptotic uniform smoothness. It then proves that in an asymptotically smooth Banach space X, any finite set of real-valued Lipschitz functions on X has, for every ε‎ > 0, a common point of ε‎-Fréchet differentiability.